CN102636427B - Tester for soil vertical and radial expansive deformation and expansive force relation - Google Patents
Tester for soil vertical and radial expansive deformation and expansive force relation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102636427B CN102636427B CN201210081033.4A CN201210081033A CN102636427B CN 102636427 B CN102636427 B CN 102636427B CN 201210081033 A CN201210081033 A CN 201210081033A CN 102636427 B CN102636427 B CN 102636427B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tester for testing soil vertical and radial expansive force and expansive deformation. The tester comprises a frication force reducing device, a sample protecting ring component, a confining pressure and radial deformation testing component, a vertical pressure and deformation testing component and a data acquirer. The friction force reducing device is located in a soaking tank; the sample protecting ring component is placed on the friction force reducing device at the center of the soaking tank; and the data acquirer is connected with sensors in the vertical pressure and deformation testing component and the confining pressure and radial deformation testing component via data lines, and transmits acquired data to a computer. The tester can be used for testing vertical and radial expansive forces in a sample saturation process when vertical and radial displacements are not changed and obtaining the change law of the vertical and radial expansive forces, testing vertical and radial expansive forces under the condition of different vertical displacements in the sample saturation process when the radial displacement is changed or not changed, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil and erect, be radially expanded distortion and bulging force relation test instrument.
Background technology
After wall, swelled ground imbibition is limited, and usually bulging force is excessive destroys, and causes huge economic loss, and adopts the punishment of Fill Reinforced With Geogrids flexible support very effective, is mainly to allow swelled ground imbibition because of flexible support, and bulging force greatly reduces.How to confirm swelled ground erects, is radially expanded power and seems particularly important with having or not the Changing Pattern under perpendicular, radial deformation condition.Bulging force test and the swelling rate test of the up-to-date highway earthwork test rule of China (JTG E40-2007), all adopt the test of single shaft consolidometer, it only can measure sample in the bulging force and the expansivity that have under side limit condition, and it is helpless for needs, to consider that radially (side direction) is subjected to displacement the test of carrying out bulging force and expansivity in situation.For example, flexible support punishment expansive soil slope, needs test to allow swelled ground imbibition to produce bulging force and the expansivity in vertical and radial deformation situation, so that reality is simulated.
Existing testing tool, single shaft consolidometer and accessory thereof, comprising: scale frame; Steel ball; Pressurization upper cover; Permeable stone; Cutting ring; Retaining ring; Tank; Dial gauge; Balance; Stopwatch etc.This testing tool measuring accuracy is not high, manually add load, artificial image data, cannot test the rate of being radially expanded and bulging force (People's Republic of China (PRC) of Int. of Highway Sciences, Ministry of Communications industry standard-highway earthwork test rule (JTG E40-2007) .2007.9:314-324).
Prior art scheme (bulging force test):
According to standard sample preparation and dress sample, carry out pretension, dial gauge is installed, regulate pointer position, add distilled water, add again subsequently iron sand, claim remaining sand weight, be finally scaled bulging force (JTG E40-2007) .2007.9:314-324).
There is following shortcoming in prior art scheme: only can test vertical bulging force and dilatational strain under side limit condition.Cannot consider the measurement without expansibility and swelling quantity under side limit or quantitative side limit condition.Manually measure remaining sand, accurate not; Need manual record test findings, long to the processing time period of data.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of vertical test instrument with being radially expanded power and expansivity of testing, solved the above-mentioned deficiency of conventional bulging force and swelling rate test instrument, can be used for after soil body water suction have or without side limit condition under erect, be radially expanded the experimental study of power and dilatational strain.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The vertical test instrument with being radially expanded power and dilatational strain of testing soil, this test instrument comprises reduction friction force device, sample grommet device, confined pressure and radial deformation test component, vertical pressure and deformation test parts, data collecting instrument; Reduce friction force device and be arranged in soaking pit, sample grommet device is placed on the reduction friction force device of soaking pit central authorities; Data collecting instrument is arranged in by data line and is connected with the sensor of deformation test parts, confined pressure and radial deformation test component with vertical pressure, and the data that collect are transported to computer.
Described test instrument, vertical pressure and deformation test parts comprise circular ball seat (20), vertical push-rod electric machine (19), vertical displacement push rod (18), vertical force sensor (17), vertical displacement erecting frame (14), pressure head with holes (15), vertical displacement sensor (16), circular ball seat (20) is connected with reaction frame (1) by bolt, circular ball seat (20) connects vertical push-rod electric machine (19), vertical push-rod electric machine (19) connects vertical displacement push rod (18), vertical displacement push rod (18) bottom connects vertical force sensor (17), vertical force sensor (17) bottom connects montant (31), montant (31) inserts pressure head with holes (15) and by permeable stone, masterpiece is used for to sample again, one horizon bar (33) is arranged at pressure head with holes (15) top, vertical displacement sensor (16) is arranged on vertical displacement erecting frame (14), the thimble of vertical displacement sensor (16) is placed in horizon bar (33) end, vertical displacement erecting frame (14) is fixed on base (2).
Described test instrument, reduces friction force device and comprises horizontal sliding bottom (5), longitudinal sliding motion piece (4), horizontal line slideway (24), confined pressure testing base (21), univesal level retainer (22), ball (23); Laterally sliding bottom (5) is fixed on base (2) above, and longitudinal sliding motion piece (4) and horizontal line slideway (24) can be realized X in the plane of base (2), Y-direction moves freely; Confined pressure testing base (21) is fixed on soaking pit central authorities, it on it, is univesal level retainer (22), univesal level retainer (22) thickness is less than the diameter of ball (23), and ball (23) is placed on the weight of bearing ring block assembly (25) in confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) and four confined pressures in univesal level retainer (22); Univesal level retainer (22) can be with respect to confined pressure testing base (21) arbitrary motion under the rolling of ball (23), and ball (23) is through univesal level retainer (22) contact confined pressure testing base (21).
Described test instrument, sample grommet device comprises ring block assembly (25) in four confined pressure outer shroud block assemblies (13) and four confined pressures; Between confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13), by bolt (26), connect, wherein two confined pressure outer shroud block assemblies (13) are with extension rod (32), by extension rod (32), contact, transmit load with the arc force application rod in right side (9) with the arc force application rod in left side (27), in each confined pressure, ring block assembly (25) has an outstanding nose circle, outstanding nose circle is bumped in the recessed circle of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) and transmits load, and the outstanding nose circle of ring block assembly (25) energy automatic adjusting position in process of the test in confined pressure, remains that sample is circular;
Described test instrument, confined pressure and radial deformation test component comprise left side arc force application rod (27), the arc force application rod in right side (9), confined pressure push rod (8), confined pressure push-rod electric machine (7), enclose pressure transducer (10), confined pressure displacement transducer (11), confined pressure dynamometry bow (6), left side arc force application rod (27) lower right side is connected with the extension rod (32) of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) by bolt, confined pressure displacement transducer (11) is installed on right-hand member top, confined pressure displacement transducer (11) thimble heads on the arc force application rod in right side (9) left upper portion, the arc force application rod in right side (9) bottom left end is connected with the extension rod (32) of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) by bolt, the arc force application rod in right side (9) right side is an apertured members, confined pressure push rod (8) is placed in apertured members, by confined pressure push-rod electric machine (7), promoted to move left and right, confined pressure dynamometry bow (6) right-hand member is connected with confined pressure push-rod electric machine (7), left end with enclose pressure transducer (10) and be connected.
Bulging force test instrument of the present invention mainly can be realized following test:
Vertical and radial displacement is constant, in sample saturation history, test is vertical and be radially expanded power, obtains their Changing Pattern; Radial displacement is constant or change, and in sample saturation history, tests vertical under different vertical displacement conditions and is radially expanded power; Test under different vertical pressure conditions vertical expansion displacement and be radially expanded power, obtaining their Changing Pattern; Vertical displacement is constant or change, and in sample saturation history, test Different Diameter is to vertical under displacement condition and be radially expanded power; Test Different Diameter is to vertical bulging force under pressure condition and be radially expanded displacement, obtains their Changing Pattern.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 bulging force test instrument of the present invention schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 the present invention reduces friction force device schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 confined pressure of the present invention and radial deformation test component schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 cutting ring assembly of the present invention schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 confined pressure power test philosophy schematic diagram;
1-reaction frame, 2-base, 3-regulates horizontal nut, 4-longitudinal sliding motion piece, the horizontal sliding bottom of 5-, 6-confined pressure dynamometry bow, 7-confined pressure push-rod electric machine, 8-confined pressure push rod, the arc force application rod in 9-right side, 10-encloses pressure transducer, 11-confined pressure displacement transducer, 12-tank, 13-confined pressure outer shroud block assembly, 14-vertical displacement erecting frame, 15-pressure head with holes, 16-vertical displacement sensor, 17-vertical force sensor, 18-vertical displacement push rod, the vertical push-rod electric machine of 19-, the circular ball seat of 20-, 21-confined pressure testing base, 22-univesal level retainer, 23-ball, the horizontal line slideway of 24-, ring block assembly in 25-confined pressure, 26-bolt, the arc force application rod in 27-left side, 28-sample ring blade, 29-circumferential band, 30-circumferential band stove bolt, 31-connects montant, 32-extension rod, 33-horizon bar.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The invention provides the vertical test instrument with being radially expanded power and dilatational strain of a kind of testing soil, this test instrument comprises reduction friction force device (Fig. 2), sample grommet device (Fig. 3), confined pressure and radial deformation test component (Fig. 3), vertical pressure and deformation test parts, data collecting instrument; Reduce friction force device and be arranged in soaking pit, sample grommet device is placed on the reduction friction force device of soaking pit central authorities, and the extension rod 32 by confined pressure outer shroud block assembly 13 is connected with confined pressure and radial deformation test component; Data collecting instrument is positioned at outside, by data line, is connected with each sensor; Data collecting instrument is connected with computer by data line.
Reduce friction force device and claim again " floating " to install, it can eliminate in confined pressure test process sample grommet device and the friction force between member around effectively, makes sample only be applied the effect of confined pressure power.Reduce friction force device and comprise horizontal sliding bottom 5, longitudinal sliding motion piece 4, horizontal line slideway 24, confined pressure testing base 21, univesal level retainer 22, ball 23.Laterally sliding bottom 5 is fixed on base 2, and longitudinal sliding motion piece 4 and horizontal line slideway 24 can be realized X in the plane of base 2, Y-direction moves freely; Confined pressure testing base 21 is fixed on soaking pit central authorities, on it, be univesal level retainer 22 (its thickness is less than ball diameter), ball 23 is placed on the weight of bearing ring block assembly 25 in confined pressure outer shroud block assembly 13 and four confined pressures in univesal level retainer 22; Univesal level retainer 22 can be with respect to 21 arbitrary motions of confined pressure testing base under the rolling of ball 23, and ball 23 is through univesal level retainer 22 contact confined pressure testing base 21.
With reference to figure 3, sample grommet device comprises ring block assembly 25 in four confined pressure outer shroud block assemblies 13 and four confined pressures.13 of confined pressure outer shroud block assemblies connect by bolt 26, wherein two confined pressure outer shroud block assemblies 13 are with extension rod 32, by the arc force application rod 9 in extension rod 32 and right side, contact with the arc force application rod 27 in left side, transmit load, in each confined pressure, ring block assembly 25 has an outstanding nose circle, outstanding nose circle is bumped in the recessed circle of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly 13 and transmits load, and the outstanding nose circle of ring block assembly 25 energy automatic adjusting position in process of the test in confined pressure, in 4 confined pressures, ring block assembly 25 has a nose circle to be connected with outer shroud piece, and between ring block assembly 25, there is a little gap in 4 confined pressures, when test specimen imbibition, in confined pressure, ring block assembly 25 can be adjusted automatically around nose circle, remain that sample is circular.
Confined pressure and radial deformation test component comprise left side arc force application rod 27, the arc force application rod 9 in right side, confined pressure push rod 8, confined pressure push-rod electric machine 7, enclose pressure transducer 10, confined pressure displacement transducer 11, confined pressure dynamometry bow 6.Arc force application rod 27 lower right side in left side are connected with the extension rod 32 of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly 13 by bolt, confined pressure displacement transducer 11 is installed on right-hand member top, confined pressure displacement transducer 11 thimbles head on arc force application rod 9 left upper portion in right side, the arc force application rod 9 bottom left ends in right side are connected with the extension rod 32 of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly 13 by bolt, arc force application rod 9 right sides, right side are an apertured members, confined pressure push rod 8 is placed in apertured members, by confined pressure push-rod electric machine 7, promoted to move left and right, confined pressure dynamometry is bent 6 right-hand members and is connected with confined pressure push-rod electric machine 7, left end with enclose pressure transducer 10 and be connected.
Vertical pressure and deformation test parts comprise circular ball seat 20, vertical push-rod electric machine 19, vertical displacement push rod 18, vertical force sensor 17, vertical displacement erecting frame 14, pressure head with holes 15, vertical displacement sensor 16.Circular ball seat 20 by bolt be connected with reaction frame 1, the vertical push-rod electric machine 19 of circular ball seat 20 connection, vertical push-rod electric machine 19 connects vertical displacement push rod 18, vertical displacement push rod 18 bottoms connect vertical force sensor 17, vertical force sensor 17 bottoms connect montant 31, montant 31 inserts pressure head 15 with holes and by permeable stone, masterpiece is used for to sample again, one horizon bar 33 is arranged at pressure head with holes 15 tops, vertical displacement sensor 16 is arranged on vertical displacement erecting frame 14, its thimble is placed in horizon bar 33 ends, and vertical displacement erecting frame 14 is fixed on base 2.
Confined pressure power test philosophy:
As shown in Figure 5, F
hfor the bulging force horizontal component of making a concerted effort
dF
H＝Q
wBrdθcosθ
G
w---confined pressure is strong;
θ---angle
The distance of L---sample center and two ends spindle central
B---specimen thickness;
R---test specimen radius;
D---test specimen diameter.
To rotation axis O point, by equilibrium condition ∑ M
o=0: 2LF
t=LF
h
Be F
h=2F
t(2)
In conjunction with formula (1) and (2), obtain
F in formula
tby test, obtain.
1. soil sample test material preparation
Soil sample is crossed the sieve of 2mm, according to predetermined water percentage, joins soil, and mix is even, with polybag shelving diel.
By special proving ring blade 28 (four valvulas connect together) and with No. 1 circumferential band 29 bandings, the circumferential band of screwing on stove bolt 30, inside is smeared vaseline and is taken quality m
0.
The proving ring blade 28 assembling is put into static pressure sample preparation cylinder, take a certain amount of soil sample having prepared, minute three equivalent add in cylinder, with pocket knife, plug and pound gently and floating surface, under the examination cylinder that vibrates is gently several, make soil sample slightly tight.Put down and comfort compaction cylinder, to the base side of CBR compaction test apparatus, regulate CBR pointer that it is made zero, motorized adjustment CBR knob (first declining, rear rising), falls in sample preparation cylinder CBR weight.When CBR weight bottom completely and sample preparation socket joint after touch, CBR reading starts variation, while approaching predetermined altitude, stops electronicly, uses manual adjustments CBR knob instead and makes it reach predetermined altitude, and maintain that this is highly constant until CBR stable reading (approximately 20 minutes).Motorized adjustment CBR knob, is equipped with its taking-up that declines
proving ring blade 28's
static pressuresample preparation cylinder, takes out
proving ring blade 28, the soil sample of first scabbling edge of a knife face according to conventional method,
take the cutting ring+quality of soil sample m after scabbling 1 , with preservative film, wrap subsequently.
2. test specimen clamping, pretension and test process
Open expansion characteristics test window, open observing and controlling case power supply; Click ' moving to left ' ' moves to right ', and button regulates confined pressure push-rod electric machine 7 forwards, the folding of the control confined pressure of reversing ring extension rod 32, guarantees that strap cutting ring sample can easily insert the interior ring of confined pressure block assembly 25; At base 2, put into the permeable stone that is with rubber ring, strap cutting ring sample is inserted in confined pressure and encircles 25 li of block assemblies, and rotate to pintongs proving ring blade 28 bonding cracks and align with the seam that encircles block assembly 25 in four confined pressures, suitably unclamp circumferential band bolt 30 and facilitate pintongs sample ring blade 28 circumferential band 28 that slips away in bottom; On the top of test specimen, place pressure head 15 with holes, with hand, move left and right confined pressure ring pressure head 15 with holes center is overlapped with vertical displacement push rod 18, press ' moving down ' button soil sample test specimen is pressed in confined pressure in ring assemblies 25; Press ' above moving ' button and make to pipette out on malleation force application rod pressure head 15 with holes, then put into the permeable stone that is with rubber ring; Pressure head 15 with holes is positioned on permeable stone, lowers vertical displacement push rod 18, test specimen clamping is complete; According to the prompting in ' running state monitoring ' hurdle, then the pretension intensity that malleation and confined pressure are set press ' malleation pretension ' ' confined pressure pretension ' button, and correctly carry out the parameter setting of test pattern, test condition parameters, end condition; While showing " ready " in ' running state monitoring ' hurdle, can click ' test starting ' button and test, and in tank, add water in test starting; At test starting, in incipient a period of time, tester will keep a close eye on pressure and change in displacement, does not have can leave after large fluctuation.
3. clear up and housekeeping
After stable reading, click ' test stops ' button, and test specimen is unclamped; Open draining valve, after current are complete, take out permeable stone and soil sample; Shutdown Hosts and instrument power source;
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the vertical test instrument with being radially expanded power and dilatational strain of a testing soil, it is characterized in that, this test instrument comprises reduction friction force device, sample grommet device, confined pressure and radial deformation test component, vertical pressure and deformation test parts, data collecting instrument, reduce friction force device and be arranged in soaking pit, sample grommet device is placed on the reduction friction force device of soaking pit central authorities, data collecting instrument is arranged in by data line and is connected with the sensor of deformation test parts, confined pressure and radial deformation test component with vertical pressure, and the data that collect are transported to computer, vertical pressure and deformation test parts comprise circular ball seat (20), vertical push-rod electric machine (19), vertical displacement push rod (18), vertical force sensor (17), vertical displacement erecting frame (14), pressure head with holes (15), vertical displacement sensor (16), circular ball seat (20) is connected with reaction frame (1) by bolt, circular ball seat (20) connects vertical push-rod electric machine (19), vertical push-rod electric machine (19) connects vertical displacement push rod (18), vertical displacement push rod (18) bottom connects vertical force sensor (17), vertical force sensor (17) bottom connects montant (31), montant (31) inserts pressure head with holes (15) and by permeable stone, masterpiece is used for to sample again, one horizon bar (33) is arranged at pressure head with holes (15) top, vertical displacement sensor (16) is arranged on vertical displacement erecting frame (14), the thimble of vertical displacement sensor (16) is placed in horizon bar (33) end, vertical displacement erecting frame (14) is fixed on base (2), reduce friction force device and comprise horizontal sliding bottom (5), longitudinal sliding motion piece (4), horizontal line slideway (24), confined pressure testing base (21), univesal level retainer (22), ball (23), laterally sliding bottom (5) is fixed on base (2) above, and longitudinal sliding motion piece (4) and horizontal line slideway (24) can be realized X in the plane of base (2), Y-direction moves freely, confined pressure testing base (21) is fixed on soaking pit central authorities, it on it, is univesal level retainer (22), univesal level retainer (22) thickness is less than the diameter of ball (23), and ball (23) is placed on the weight of bearing ring block assembly (25) in confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) and four confined pressures in univesal level retainer (22), univesal level retainer (22) can be with respect to confined pressure testing base (21) arbitrary motion under the rolling of ball (23), and ball (23) is through univesal level retainer (22) contact confined pressure testing base (21), sample grommet device comprises ring block assembly (25) in four confined pressure outer shroud block assemblies (13) and four confined pressures, between confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13), by bolt (26), connect, wherein two confined pressure outer shroud block assemblies (13) are with extension rod (32), by extension rod (32), contact, transmit load with the arc force application rod in right side (9) with the arc force application rod in left side (27), in each confined pressure, ring block assembly (25) has an outstanding nose circle, outstanding nose circle is bumped in the recessed circle of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) and transmits load, and the outstanding nose circle of ring block assembly (25) energy automatic adjusting position in process of the test in confined pressure, remains that sample is circular, confined pressure and radial deformation test component comprise left side arc force application rod (27), the arc force application rod in right side (9), confined pressure push rod (8), confined pressure push-rod electric machine (7), enclose pressure transducer (10), confined pressure displacement transducer (11), confined pressure dynamometry bow (6), left side arc force application rod (27) lower right side is connected with the extension rod (32) of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) by bolt, confined pressure displacement transducer (11) is installed on right-hand member top, confined pressure displacement transducer (11) thimble heads on the arc force application rod in right side (9) left upper portion, the arc force application rod in right side (9) bottom left end is connected with the extension rod (32) of confined pressure outer shroud block assembly (13) by bolt, the arc force application rod in right side (9) right side is an apertured members, confined pressure push rod (8) is placed in apertured members, by confined pressure push-rod electric machine (7), promoted to move left and right, confined pressure dynamometry bow (6) right-hand member is connected with confined pressure push-rod electric machine (7), left end with enclose pressure transducer (10) and be connected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210081033.4A CN102636427B (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2012-03-26 | Tester for soil vertical and radial expansive deformation and expansive force relation |
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| CN201210081033.4A CN102636427B (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2012-03-26 | Tester for soil vertical and radial expansive deformation and expansive force relation |
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| CN102636427A CN102636427A (en) | 2012-08-15 |
| CN102636427B true CN102636427B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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