CN112098630B - Lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed and test method - Google Patents
Lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed and a test method relate to the field of lunar soil performance comprehensive test. The invention solves the problems that each soil test of the existing lunar soil simulation test needs a set of special equipment and is distributed in different places, once the lunar soil for the test moves, the original state is difficult to keep, the test is inaccurate, and the rotary drilling and rock breaking tests need additional equipment, so that the test is inconvenient and materials are wasted. The Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assembly is fixed on a cross beam of a rectangular steel structure frame, the X-direction horizontal movement large-thrust driving assembly is vertically erected between the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assemblies, one side of a supporting frame is installed on a sliding block of the X-direction horizontal movement large-thrust driving assembly, the lower end of a rotating shaft of a rotary motor in a rotary motor box is connected with a test tool interface, and a test soil tank is positioned below the test tool interface. The invention is used for carrying out various tests under the same simulated lunar soil environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive test of lunar soil performance, in particular to a comprehensive test bed and a test method for lunar soil performance.
Background
In recent years, deep space exploration technologies are actively developed in all countries in the world, and particularly, the deep space exploration capacity represented by lunar exploration can reflect the space technology maturity and military strength of one country, and can drive a large amount of related high and new technology industries to develop, so that huge economic benefits are indirectly generated. Lunar surface sampling is an important task for lunar exploration and sample collection return, and a large number of tests are required to be carried out on the ground by utilizing simulated lunar soil before launching, wherein the tests comprise exploration of properties of the simulated lunar soil, performance tests of sampling equipment such as drilling and impact, exploration of lunar soil sampling principles and sampling procedure parameters and the like.
The tests comprise various geotechnical test items, including pressure-bearing, insertion and horizontal pushing tests, rotary drilling tests, impact rock breaking tests and the like under the condition of no lateral limitation, each item of the traditional geotechnical test needs a set of special equipment and is distributed in different places, and once the lunar soil for the tests is moved, the original state is difficult to keep, and the tests are inaccurate. In addition, rotary drilling and rock-breaking impact tests are not standard geotechnical tests, and additional equipment needs to be built, so that test inconvenience and material waste are caused. Therefore, the invention discloses a comprehensive test bed integrating the test items, and is necessary to perform various tests in the same simulated lunar soil environment.
In summary, each geotechnical test of the conventional lunar soil simulation test needs a set of special equipment and is distributed in different places, so that once the lunar soil for the test moves, the original state is difficult to keep, the test is inaccurate, and the rotary drilling and rock breaking tests need additional equipment, so that the test is inconvenient and materials are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that once test lunar soil moves, the original state is difficult to keep, the test is inaccurate, and additional equipment needs to be built for rotary drilling and rock breaking impact tests, so that the test is inconvenient and material and materials are wasted in each geotechnical test for simulating lunar soil tests in the prior art, and the test needs a set of special equipment and is distributed in different places.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed comprises an electric cabinet component 1, a supporting structure 2, an X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving component 3, an electric cabinet power supply drag chain 5, a linear electric motor power supply drag chain 6, a test tool interface 7, a test soil tank 9 and two Y-direction horizontal movement low-thrust driving components 4; the supporting structure 2 comprises a rectangular steel structure frame 2-1 and four stand columns 2-2, the rectangular steel structure frame 2-1 is horizontally arranged above the ground, and the four stand columns 2-2 are fixed at the bottom end of the rectangular steel structure frame 2-1 in a rectangular array mode along the vertical direction; the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assemblies 4 are fixed at the top ends of two parallel beams of the rectangular steel structural frame 2-1 in parallel in the horizontal direction; the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3 is vertically erected between the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving components 4 in the horizontal direction, and two ends of the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3 are respectively connected with the sliding blocks of the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving components 4; the linear motor power supply drag chain 6 is arranged on one side of the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3, and the linear motor power supply drag chain 6 is respectively connected with the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3 and the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving components 4 through leads; the motor box component 1 comprises a support frame 1-1, a Z-direction driving component 1-2 and a rotary motor box 1-3, one side of the support frame 1-1 is installed on a sliding block of the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving component 3, the Z-direction driving component 1-2 is vertically installed on the other side of the support frame 1-1 in the vertical direction, the sliding block of the Z-direction driving component 1-2 is fixedly connected with the support frame 1-1, the rotary motor box 1-3 is vertically fixed on the Z-direction driving component 1-2, and the lower end of a rotating shaft of a rotary motor in the rotary motor box 1-3 is connected with a test tool interface 7; the test soil tank 9 is located below the test tool interface 7.
A test method for testing the performance of lunar soil by using a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed is realized by the following steps,
step one, lunar soil pressure bearing test:
the method comprises the following steps: mounting a pressure plate A special for a pressure-bearing test on a test tool interface 7 of a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
the first step is: inserting a force sensor G connected with the tail end of the special pressure plate A for the bearing test into the force sensor interface 1-4;
step one is three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank 9;
step one is: the special pressure plate A for the pressure-bearing test vertically moves downwards under the drive of the motor of the Z-direction drive assembly 1-2 to press the simulated lunar soil,
step one and five: the equipment performs a pressing test according to the set pressing speed and distance of the special pressing plate A for the bearing test, and records and outputs the pressing speed, the pressing distance and the X, Y and Z three-dimensional force load; when the rear box body 9-4 of the test soil tank 9 is adopted in the test, the width is 50mm, the length of the rear box body 9-4 is not less than 400mm, the height of the simulated lunar soil is not less than 160mm, the size of the pressure plate A special for the pressure-bearing test is 20 multiplied by 50mm, the test performed under the size limit of the rear box body 9-4 is the confined pressure-bearing test, and the measured data is confined pressure-bearing test data;
when a main box body 9-1 of a test soil tank 9 is adopted in a test, the width of the test soil tank 9 is increased to 500mm, the length of the test soil tank 9 is not less than 400mm, the height of simulated lunar soil is not less than 160mm, the size of a pressure plate A special for a pressure-bearing test is 20 multiplied by 50mm, the test performed under the size limit of the main box body 9-1 is an unconfined pressure-bearing test, and the measured data is unconfined pressure-bearing test data;
thus, the lunar soil pressure bearing test simulating lunar soil is completed;
step two, lunar soil drilling test:
step two, firstly: a hollow outer spiral drill bit B which is 0.5m long and is special for a drilling test is arranged on a test tool interface 7 of a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
step two: the test automatically acquires longitudinal force through the built-in force sensor of the rotary motor box 1-3 without an external relay sensor interface 1-4;
step two and step three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank 9;
step two, four: drilling lunar soil;
the first step is as follows: the special hollow outer spiral drill bit B for the drilling test vertically moves downwards under the driving of a motor of the Z-direction driving component 1-2;
the second step is that: the special hollow outer spiral drill bit B for the drilling test is driven by a rotary motor in a rotary motor box 1-3 to perform downward rotary drilling;
step two and step five: the equipment carries out a drilling test according to the set rotation speed and the set footage speed, and records and outputs the rotation speed, the footage speed, the drilling depth, the torque and the longitudinal force load;
thus, the lunar soil drilling test simulating lunar soil is completed;
step three, lunar soil horizontal pushing test:
step three, firstly: installing a push plate C special for a horizontal push test on a test tool interface 7 of the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
step three: inserting a force sensor G connected with the tail end of a push plate C special for a horizontal push test into a force sensor interface 1-4;
step three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank 9;
step three and four: carrying out horizontal pushing on lunar soil:
the first step is as follows: the special push plate C for the horizontal push test moves to one side of the test soil tank 9 under the driving of the motors of the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving components 4;
the second step is that: a push plate C special for the horizontal push test is vertically inserted into the simulated lunar soil downwards under the drive of a motor of the Z-direction drive assembly 1-2;
the third step: horizontally pushing the lunar soil along the horizontal X direction under the driving of a motor of the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving component 3;
step three and five: the equipment carries out a horizontal pushing test according to the set insertion depth, horizontal pushing speed and horizontal pushing displacement, and records and outputs the insertion speed, the insertion depth, the horizontal pushing speed, the horizontal pushing distance, X, Y and Z three-way force load;
when the special position inserting plate 9-7 is inserted, the test soil tank 9 forms a box body with a special size and a width of 80mm, a limited horizontal pushing test is realized, and corresponding horizontal pushing test data are recorded;
when the test soil tank 9 under the unconfined pressure bearing test size is used, an unconfined flat push test is realized, and corresponding flat push test data are recorded;
thus, the lunar soil flat push test for simulating lunar soil is completed;
step four, conducting a lunar rock impact test:
step four, firstly: a special high-frequency impact head D matched with the piezoelectric ceramics 1-7 tail end of the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed is arranged at the tail end of the piezoelectric ceramics 1-7;
step four and step two: clamping a simulated lunar rock F at the center by adopting a special simulated lunar rock clamping jaw E, placing the simulated lunar rock F under a special high-frequency impact head D, respectively installing two support rails of the simulated lunar rock clamping jaw at the upper ends of a special position insertion plate 9-7 and a central insertion plate 9-8, and carrying out a simulated lunar rock impact test;
step four and step three: the high-frequency impact of the test is realized by piezoelectric ceramics 1-7, the piezoelectric ceramics 1-7 travel is 60 microns in no-load, the piezoelectric ceramics vibrate about 300Hz in 30 micron travel, vibrate about 1200Hz in 6 micron travel, and vibrate 3-4KHz in 1-2 micron travel, so that the high-frequency impact test under various frequency bands and vibration amplitude conditions is met;
during the test, a motor of the Z-direction driving assembly 1-2 applies continuous downward pressure in the longitudinal direction;
step four: the equipment performs an impact test according to the set impact frequency and the set down pressure, and records and outputs the impact frequency, the impact amplitude and the longitudinal force load;
thus, the lunar rock impact test simulating lunar soil is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1. the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed has two translation degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction, one rotation degree of freedom around a vertical axis, one translation degree of freedom in the vertical direction and one frequency conversion type high-frequency impact degree of freedom in the vertical direction. The motion in all directions can be inching controlled and continuous motion controlled by the control cabinet, the stress, impact acting force and rotary moment in the vertical and horizontal directions can be collected and recorded in real time, the curve can be output on the screen of the control cabinet in real time, and the curve can also be output to an external storage device.
2. The tail end operating tool of the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed can be replaced according to test contents, and comprises a bearing block, a horizontal push inserting plate, a hollow spiral drilling tool, a piezoelectric ceramic impact head and the like. The device has the advantages of high function integration degree and coupling degree, strong system flexibility, replaceable operating tools, adjustable motion parameters, convenience in test operation, easiness in data acquisition and storage, high safety factor and the like.
3. The test method for testing the lunar soil performance by adopting the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed integrates relevant test functions of lunar soil performance test, can perform operations such as pressure bearing, insertion, horizontal pushing, drilling and the like on the simulated lunar soil, performs high-frequency impact test on the simulated lunar rock, and can be coupled with the drilling function.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lunar soil performance integration test bed of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the motor housing assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the test soil tank of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower rear structure of the test soil tank of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper structure of the test soil tank of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the pressure test of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a pressure test of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a special pressure plate A for pressure-bearing test of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a force sensor access state diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a drill test of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a hollow outer screw drill B for drilling tests according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a flat push test of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a push plate C for a horizontal push test according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a lunar rock impact test of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of a simulated lunar rock F and a claw dedicated for the impact test of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first specific implementation way is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, and the comprehensive test bed for lunar soil performance of the embodiment comprises a motor case assembly 1, a supporting structure 2, an X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving assembly 3, a motor case power supply drag chain 5, a linear motor power supply drag chain 6, a test tool interface 7, a test soil tank 9 and two Y-direction horizontal movement low-thrust driving assemblies 4; the supporting structure 2 comprises a rectangular steel structure frame 2-1 and four stand columns 2-2, the rectangular steel structure frame 2-1 is horizontally arranged above the ground, and the four stand columns 2-2 are fixed at the bottom end of the rectangular steel structure frame 2-1 in a rectangular array mode along the vertical direction; the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assemblies 4 are fixed at the top ends of two parallel beams of the rectangular steel structural frame 2-1 in parallel in the horizontal direction; the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3 is vertically erected between the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving components 4 in the horizontal direction, and two ends of the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3 are respectively connected with the sliding blocks of the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving components 4; the linear motor power supply drag chain 6 is arranged on one side of the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3, and the linear motor power supply drag chain 6 is respectively connected with the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving component 3 and the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving components 4 through leads; the motor box component 1 comprises a support frame 1-1, a Z-direction driving component 1-2 and a rotary motor box 1-3, one side of the support frame 1-1 is installed on a sliding block of the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving component 3, the Z-direction driving component 1-2 is vertically installed on the other side of the support frame 1-1 in the vertical direction, the sliding block of the Z-direction driving component 1-2 is fixedly connected with the support frame 1-1, the rotary motor box 1-3 is vertically fixed on the Z-direction driving component 1-2, and the lower end of a rotating shaft of a rotary motor in the rotary motor box 1-3 is connected with a test tool interface 7; the test soil tank 9 is located below the test tool interface 7.
The rectangular steel structure frame 2-1 of the embodiment is a square frame steel structure supporting equipment above the square frame steel structure;
the Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assembly 4 of the embodiment consists of a linear motor and a slide rail, the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assemblies 4 drive the assembly erected above the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assemblies to move horizontally in the Y direction, and the horizontal movement in the direction is used for adjusting the position of a test tool under the no-load condition, so that the driving force is not required;
the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving assembly 3 of the embodiment comprises a linear motor and a slide rail, a linear motor power supply drag chain 6 provides follow-up electric power, the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving assembly 3 drives a motor box assembly 1 erected on the X-direction horizontal movement driving assembly to horizontally move in the X direction, the horizontal movement in the direction is used for matching with a lunar soil horizontal push test, high thrust is required, and the horizontal thrust requirement is larger than or equal to 1200N;
in the support frame 1-1 of the embodiment, the whole motor box part is erected on the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving component 3;
the Z-direction driving assembly 1-2 of the embodiment is composed of a linear motor and a slide rail, the Z-direction driving assembly 1-2 is powered by a linear motor power supply drag chain 6, the linear motor drives the rotary motor box 1-3 to vertically move up and down on the slide rail, and the movement in the direction is used for matching tests such as lunar soil pressure bearing, insertion, drilling and the like, so that the requirement of the maximum vertical downward pressure is more than or equal to 600N.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 3 to 5, the test soil tank 9 of the present embodiment includes a main tank body 9-1, a rear tank body 9-4, and a special retainer plate 9-7, the central plug board 9-8, two wheel fixing plates 9-14, four moving wheels 9-2 with brakes and a plurality of plug board fixing buckles 9-15 are fixed at two ends of the bottom side of the main box body 9-1 in parallel in the horizontal direction, two moving wheels 9-2 with brakes are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of each wheel fixing plate 9-14, the main box body 9-1 is internally provided with a cubic space, the rear box body 9-4 is arranged behind the main box body 9-1, the central plug board 9-8 is vertically arranged in the main box body 9-1, the central plug board 9-8 is arranged between the front end plate of the main box body 9-1 and the rear end plate of the main box body 9-1 in parallel, two ends of the central plug board 9-8 are respectively connected with two plug board slideways 9-16 vertically arranged in the middle of the end surfaces of the left side and the right side of the main box body 9-1 in a sliding manner, the central plug board 9-8 is clamped on the main box body 9-1 through the plug board fixing buckles 9-15, the special plug board 9-7 is vertically arranged in the main box body 9-1, the special plug board fixing buckles are respectively arranged between the left side and the left side of the main box body 9-1, and the special plug board 9-7, and the special buckles are respectively arranged on the left side of the special box body 9-1, and right side of the special box body 9-1, and the special buckles, and the special plug board 9-7.
By the arrangement, the test soil tank 9 can be matched with a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed to carry out operations such as pressure bearing, insertion, horizontal pushing, drilling and the like on simulated lunar soil, and carry out a high-frequency impact test on the simulated lunar rock F. The soil tank supports multiple tests, can adjust the size according to test requirements, meets the requirement of filling simulated lunar soil under the conditions of pressure bearing and flat pushing contrast tests with specific sizes, carries out the pressure bearing and flat pushing tests with lateral limits under the same working conditions as a contrast test group, can also meet the requirement of filling simulated lunar soil without lateral limits under the free sizes, and carries out the tests of pressure bearing, insertion, flat pushing, drilling and the like. The inside size accessible picture peg of soil box is adjusted, and the soil box has the special mouth of lunar soil uninstallation, and steel structural framework guarantees experimental environment invariance, and toughened glass observation face and scale border are convenient to be observed simulation lunar soil state, lunar soil motion process, and soil box height and width can regard as simulation lunar soil impact test's bottom sprag structure through special design, and the soil box is whole can promote and lock according to the demand manual work. Therefore, the multifunctional soil tank has the advantages of high test flexibility, functional diversity and concentration, capability of simulating lunar soil filling under the specific working condition, convenience in observation and operation, high safety and the like. Other components and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.
The multifunctional soil tank for the comprehensive test of the lunar soil performance is integrally of a vehicle type structure, the main tank body 9-1 is a steel structure supporting frame formed by stainless steel materials in a surrounding mode and used for filling simulated lunar soil for most geotechnical tests, the main tank body 9-1 is internally of a cube space, the simulated lunar soil can be filled to the maximum degree, and various geotechnical test requirements under various conditions are met. The central inserting plate 9-8 can be inserted in the middle of the main box body 9-1 through the inserting plate slide ways 9-16 and is clamped by the inserting plate fixing buckles 9-15, the main box body 9-1 is divided into two parts, the test space can be saved in a test without too much simulated lunar soil, and further lunar soil materials and filling time are saved; when a simulated lunar rock impact test is carried out, the rock clamping jaws need to be erected at a certain height, the height of the multifunctional soil tank is right proper, and the special position inserting plates 9-7 and the central inserting plates 9-8 can be just used as two supporting rails of the rock clamping jaws to be matched with the test due to proper distance.
With reference to fig. 3 to 5, the test soil tank 9 of the present embodiment further includes a front surface tempered glass 9-6, a first rectangular through hole is formed on a front end surface of the main tank 9-1, and the front surface tempered glass 9-6 is hermetically mounted on the first rectangular through hole of the tank 9-1. By the arrangement, the toughened glass 9-6 on the front surface of the main box body ensures that the main box body 9-1 meets the requirement of simulating lunar soil filling strength and simultaneously ensures the observability of the test.
With reference to fig. 3 to 5, the test soil tank 9 of the present embodiment further includes a rear surface tempered glass 9-11, a second rectangular through hole is formed on a rear end surface of the rear tank 9-4, and the rear surface tempered glass 9-11 is hermetically mounted on the second rectangular through hole of the rear tank 9-4. By the arrangement, the rear surface of the rear box body is toughened by the glass 9-11, so that the rear box body 9-4 meets the requirement of simulating lunar soil filling strength and simultaneously ensures the observability of the test.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the distance between the rear surface tempered glass 9-11 of the present embodiment and the rear end surface of the main casing 9-1 is 50mm. According to the arrangement, the rear box body 9-4 arranged behind the main box body 9-1 is a special box for a pressure-bearing comparison test, the rear box body 9-4 is a small-size box body welded by stainless steel materials and is specially designed to be 50mm in width according to the test size in order to compare with the variable-weight pressure-bearing test data of Bui of a Japanese scholars, and therefore the requirement of the comparison test is met, and the stability can be guaranteed by means of the main box body.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the distance between the special inserting plate 9-7 and the front surface tempered glass 9-6 of the present embodiment is 80mm. With the arrangement, the special position inserting plate 9-7 plays a role of separating the main box body 9-1, but the position of the special position inserting plate 9-7 is specially designed, so that in order to be compared with the low gravity horizontal pushing test data of Boles of American scholars, the distance between the special position inserting plate 9-7 and the front surface toughened glass 9-6 is strictly designed to be 80mm, the requirement of a comparison test is met, and the observation is convenient.
With reference to fig. 3 to 5, the present embodiment further includes a main box front surface scale 9-5, and the main box front surface scale 9-5 is vertically disposed on one side of the front end surface of the main box 9-1. By the arrangement, the ruler 9-5 on the front surface of the main box body provides reference scales for the main box body 9-1, so that the lunar soil filling height can be conveniently obtained, and the current soil sample density can be calculated.
With reference to fig. 3 to 5, the present embodiment further includes a rear case surface scale 9-10, and the rear case surface scale 9-10 is vertically disposed on one side of the rear end surface of the rear case 9-4. With the arrangement, the rear box surface scale 9-10 provides a reference scale for the rear box 9-4, so that the lunar soil filling height can be conveniently obtained, and the current soil sample density can be calculated.
With reference to fig. 3 to 5, the present embodiment further includes two earth tank wagon handles 9-3, where the two earth tank wagon handles 9-3 are oppositely disposed on the outer walls of the two sides of the main tank 9-1 between the front surface tempered glass 9-6 and the rear surface tempered glass 9-11. With the arrangement, the multifunctional soil tank is of a vehicle type structure, 4 moving wheels 9-2 with brakes are mounted at the bottom of the multifunctional soil tank, and the soil tank is pushed and locked manually according to requirements through the soil tank vehicle handle 9-3.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the center insert plate 9-8 and the special position insert plate 9-7 of the present embodiment are respectively provided with insert plate pulling holes 9-9. According to the arrangement, two inserting plate pulling holes 9-9 are formed in two ends of each inserting plate respectively, when the inserting plates filled with the soil sample are squeezed, if the inserting plates need to be pulled out, steel columns can be inserted into hole positions at the two ends, steel chains are hung, and the inserting plates are pulled out by external force.
With reference to fig. 3 to 5, in the present embodiment, a main box soil unloading opening 9-13 is provided on the rear end plate of the main box 9-1 located below the rear box 9-4, a first door is provided on the main box soil unloading opening 9-13, a rear box soil unloading opening 9-12 is provided on the bottom plate of the rear box 9-4, and a second door is provided on the rear box soil unloading opening 9-12. According to the arrangement, the rear box body soil unloading openings 9-12 and the main box body soil unloading openings 9-13 are respectively sealed by the first and second normally closed stop gates to stop lunar soil from flowing out, and when lunar soil needs to be discharged after the test is finished, the first and second stop gates are opened.
The third concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, and the comprehensive test bed for lunar soil performance of the embodiment further comprises four fixed bases 10, the bottom end of each upright 2-2 of the supporting structure 2 is connected with the fixed base 10 through a bolt, and the fixed base 10 is fixed on the ground through an anchor bolt. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first or second embodiments.
The fourth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, and the X-direction horizontal movement large-thrust drive assembly 3, the Z-direction drive assembly 1-2, and the Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust drive assembly 4 of the present embodiment are linear motors, the horizontal thrust of the X-direction horizontal movement large-thrust drive assembly 3 is not less than 1200n, and the maximum pressure of the Z-direction drive assembly 1-2 is not less than 600N. According to the arrangement, the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving assembly 3 is provided with follow-up electric power by the linear motor power supply drag chain 6, the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving assembly 3 drives the motor box assembly 1 erected on the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving assembly to horizontally move in the X direction, the horizontal movement in the X direction is used for matching with a lunar soil horizontal thrust test, high thrust is required, and the horizontal thrust requirement is larger than or equal to 1200N; the Z-direction driving assembly 1-2 is powered by a linear motor power supply drag chain 6, the linear motor drives the rotary motor box 1-3 to move up and down in the vertical direction on the slide rail, and the movement in the direction is used for matching tests such as lunar soil pressure bearing, insertion, drilling and the like, so that the requirement of the maximum vertical downward pressure is more than or equal to 600N. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second or third embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the motor box assembly 1 of the embodiment further includes force sensor interfaces 1-4, and the force sensor interfaces 1-4 are disposed on the side walls of the rotating motor boxes 1-3. So configured, a test tool that needs to measure horizontal force will have additional sensor cables plugged into the force sensor ports 1-4 for measuring horizontal force. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third or fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the motor box assembly 1 of the embodiment further includes a torque sensor 1-5, the torque sensor 1-5 is disposed between the rotating motor box 1-3 and the test tool interface 7, the upper end of the torque sensor 1-5 is connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating motor in the rotating motor box 1-3, and the lower end of the torque sensor 1-5 is connected to the test tool interface 7. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is described, and the motor housing assembly 1 of the present embodiment further includes chucks 1 to 6, and the chucks 1 to 6 are mounted at a lower portion of the test tool interface 7. By the arrangement, different test tools are replaced and inserted into the test tool interface 7 when different tests are carried out, and are clamped by the chucks 1-6. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.
The specific implementation mode eight: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, and the motor case assembly 1 of the embodiment further includes piezoelectric ceramics 1 to 7, and the piezoelectric ceramics 1 to 7 are fixedly mounted on the lower side wall of the rotary motor case 1 to 3. By the arrangement, when the impact test is carried out, the high-frequency impact head is connected to the piezoelectric ceramics 1-7. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those of embodiment one, two, three, four, five, six or seven.
The specific implementation method nine: the embodiment is described by combining fig. 1 and fig. 2, the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed of the embodiment further comprises a soil tank stopper 8, the soil tank stopper 8 is horizontally arranged between the test soil tank 9 and one side upright post 2-2 of the rectangular steel structural frame 2-1, one end of the soil tank stopper 8 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the test soil tank 9, and the other end of the soil tank stopper 8 is fixedly connected with the upright post 2-2. So set up, during the experiment, simulation lunar soil is packed into experimental soil box 9, pushes the soil box into experimental scope, is fixed horizontal position by soil box stopper 8. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth embodiment.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 15, and the test method for testing the lunar soil performance by using the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed of the embodiment is realized by the following steps,
step one, lunar soil pressure bearing test:
the method comprises the following steps: mounting a pressure plate A special for a pressure-bearing test on a test tool interface 7 of a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
the first step is: inserting a force sensor G connected with the tail end of the special pressure plate A for the bearing test into the force sensor interface 1-4;
step one, three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank 9;
step one is: the special pressure plate A for the pressure bearing test vertically moves downwards under the driving of the motor of the Z-direction driving component 1-2 to press and simulate lunar soil,
step one and five: the equipment performs a pressing test according to the set pressing speed and distance of the special pressing plate A for the bearing test, and records and outputs the pressing speed, the pressing distance and the force loads of X, Y and Z in three directions; when the rear box body 9-4 of the test soil tank 9 is adopted in the test, the width is 50mm, the length of the rear box body 9-4 is not less than 400mm, the height of the simulated lunar soil is not less than 160mm, the size of the pressure plate A special for the pressure bearing test is 20 multiplied by 50mm, the test performed under the size limit of the rear box body 9-4 is a limited pressure bearing test, and the measured data is limited pressure bearing test data;
when a main box body 9-1 of a test soil tank 9 is adopted in a test, the width of the test soil tank 9 is increased to 500mm, the length of the test soil tank 9 is not less than 400mm, the height of simulated lunar soil is not less than 160mm, the size of a pressure plate A special for a pressure-bearing test is 20 multiplied by 50mm, the test performed under the size limit of the main box body 9-1 is an unconfined pressure-bearing test, and the measured data is unconfined pressure-bearing test data;
thus, the lunar soil pressure bearing test simulating lunar soil is completed;
step two, lunar soil drilling test:
step two, firstly: a hollow external spiral drill bit B with the length of 0.5m special for a drilling test is arranged on a test tool interface 7 of a comprehensive test bed for lunar soil performance;
step two: the test automatically acquires longitudinal force through the built-in force sensor of the rotary motor box 1-3 without an external relay sensor interface 1-4;
step two and step three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank 9;
step two, four: drilling lunar soil;
the first step is as follows: the hollow external spiral drill bit B special for the drilling test vertically moves downwards under the driving of a motor of the Z-direction driving component 1-2;
the second step is that: the special hollow outer spiral drill bit B for the drilling test is driven by a rotary motor in a rotary motor box 1-3 to perform downward rotary drilling;
step two and step five: the equipment carries out a drilling test according to the set rotation speed and the set footage speed, and records and outputs the rotation speed, the footage speed, the drilling depth, the torque and the longitudinal force load;
thus, the lunar soil drilling test simulating lunar soil is completed;
step three, lunar soil horizontal pushing test:
step three, firstly: installing a push plate C special for a horizontal push test on a test tool interface 7 of the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
step three: inserting a force sensor G connected with the tail end of a push plate C special for a horizontal push test into a force sensor interface 1-4;
step three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank 9;
step three and four: carrying out horizontal pushing on lunar soil:
the first step is as follows: the special push plate C for the horizontal push test moves to one side of the test soil tank 9 under the driving of the motors of the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving components 4;
the second step: a push plate C special for the horizontal push test is vertically inserted into the simulated lunar soil downwards under the drive of a motor of the Z-direction drive assembly 1-2;
the third step: horizontally pushing the lunar soil along the horizontal X direction under the driving of a motor of the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving component 3;
step three and five: the equipment performs a horizontal pushing test according to the set insertion depth, horizontal pushing speed and horizontal pushing displacement, records and outputs the insertion speed, the insertion depth, the horizontal pushing speed, the horizontal pushing distance, X, Y and Z three-way force load;
when the special position inserting plate 9-7 is inserted, the test soil tank 9 forms a box body with a special size and the width of 80mm, a limited horizontal pushing test is realized, and corresponding horizontal pushing test data are recorded;
when the test soil tank 9 under the unconfined pressure-bearing test size is used, an unconfined flat push test is realized, and corresponding flat push test data are recorded;
thus, the lunar soil flat push test for simulating lunar soil is completed;
step four, conducting a lunar rock impact test:
step four, firstly: a special high-frequency impact head D matched with the piezoelectric ceramics 1-7 of the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed is arranged at the tail end of the piezoelectric ceramics 1-7;
step four and step two: clamping a simulated lunar rock F in the center by using a special simulated lunar rock clamping jaw E, placing the simulated lunar rock F under a special high-frequency impact head D, and respectively installing two support rails of the simulated lunar rock clamping jaw at the upper ends of a special position plugboard 9-7 and a central plugboard 9-8 to perform a simulated lunar rock impact test;
step four and step three: the high-frequency impact of the test is realized by piezoelectric ceramics 1-7, the piezoelectric ceramics 1-7 travel is 60 microns in no-load, the piezoelectric ceramics vibrate about 300Hz in 30 micron travel, vibrate about 1200Hz in 6 micron travel, and vibrate 3-4KHz in 1-2 micron travel, so that the high-frequency impact test under various frequency bands and vibration amplitude conditions is met;
during the test, a motor of the Z-direction driving assembly 1-2 applies continuous downward pressure in the longitudinal direction;
step four: the equipment performs an impact test according to the set impact frequency and the set down pressure, and records and outputs the impact frequency, the impact amplitude and the longitudinal force load;
thus, the lunar rock impact test simulating lunar soil is completed.
In practical use, the test method for testing lunar soil performance by using the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed according to the embodiment can be used for independently carrying out a lunar soil pressure bearing test, a lunar soil drilling test, a lunar soil flat push test and a lunar rock impact test according to the requirement of test data acquisition, and can also be used for carrying out the tests on the four tests in sequence or in any combination of one, two or three of the four tests.
Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those of embodiment one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed is characterized in that: the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed comprises an electric cabinet assembly (1), a supporting structure (2), an X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving assembly (3), a motor cabinet power supply drag chain (5), a linear motor power supply drag chain (6), a test tool interface (7), a test soil tank (9) and two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving assemblies (4); the supporting structure (2) comprises a rectangular steel structure frame (2-1) and four stand columns (2-2), the rectangular steel structure frame (2-1) is horizontally arranged above the ground, and the four stand columns (2-2) are fixed at the bottom end of the rectangular steel structure frame (2-1) in a rectangular array mode along the vertical direction; the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assemblies (4) are fixed at the top ends of two parallel beams of the rectangular steel structure frame (2-1) in parallel in the horizontal direction; the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving assembly (3) is vertically erected between the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving assemblies (4) in the horizontal direction, and two ends of the X-direction horizontal movement large thrust driving assembly (3) are respectively connected with the sliding blocks of the two Y-direction horizontal movement small thrust driving assemblies (4); the linear motor power supply drag chain (6) is installed on one side of the X-direction horizontal movement large-thrust driving assembly (3), and the linear motor power supply drag chain (6) is respectively connected with the X-direction horizontal movement large-thrust driving assembly (3) and the two Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assemblies (4) through leads; the motor box assembly (1) comprises a support frame (1-1), a Z-direction driving assembly (1-2) and a rotary motor box (1-3), one side of the support frame (1-1) is installed on a sliding block of the X-direction horizontal movement high-thrust driving assembly (3), the Z-direction driving assembly (1-2) is vertically installed on the other side of the support frame (1-1) in the vertical direction, the sliding block of the Z-direction driving assembly (1-2) is fixedly connected with the support frame (1-1), the rotary motor box (1-3) is vertically fixed on the Z-direction driving assembly (1-2), and the lower end of a rotating shaft of a rotary motor in the rotary motor box (1-3) is connected with a test tool interface (7); the test soil tank (9) is positioned below the test tool interface (7);
the test soil box (9) comprises a main box body (9-1), a rear box body (9-4), a special position insert plate (9-7), a central insert plate (9-8) and a plurality of insert plate fixing buckles (9-15), wherein the main box body (9-1) is a square space, the rear box body (9-4) is arranged behind the main box body (9-1), the central insert plate (9-8) is vertically arranged inside the main box body (9-1), the central insert plate (9-8) is arranged between a front end plate of the main box body (9-1) and a rear end plate of the main box body (9-1) in parallel, two ends of the central insert plate (9-8) are respectively and slidably connected with two insert plate slide ways (9-16) vertically arranged in the middle of the left and right end surfaces of the main box body (9-1), the central insert plate (9-8) is clamped on the main box body (9-1) through the insert plate fixing buckles (9-15), the special position insert plate (9-7) is vertically arranged inside the main box body (9-1), the special position insert plate (9-7) is respectively and slidably connected with the left and right end surfaces of the main box body (9-1), the special position plugboard (9-7) is clamped on the main box body (9-1) through a plugboard fixing buckle (9-15);
the test soil tank (9) also comprises front surface toughened glass (9-6), a first rectangular through hole is formed in the front end face of the main tank body (9-1), the front surface toughened glass (9-6) is hermetically mounted on the first rectangular through hole of the tank body (9-1), and the distance between the special positioning inserting plate (9-7) and the front surface toughened glass (9-6) is 80mm;
the test soil tank (9) also comprises rear surface toughened glass (9-11), a second rectangular through hole is formed in the rear end face of the rear box body (9-4), the rear surface toughened glass (9-11) is hermetically mounted on the second rectangular through hole of the rear box body (9-4), and the distance between the rear surface toughened glass (9-11) and the rear end face of the main box body (9-1) is 50mm.
2. The lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test soil tank (9) further comprises two wheel fixing plates (9-14) and four moving wheels (9-2) with brakes, the two wheel fixing plates (9-14) are fixed at two ends of the bottom side of the main tank body (9-1) in parallel in the horizontal direction, and two moving wheels (9-2) with brakes are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of each wheel fixing plate (9-14).
3. The lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed further comprises four fixed bases (10), the bottom end of each upright post (2-2) of the supporting structure (2) is connected with the fixed base (10) through bolts, and the fixed base (10) is fixed on the ground through foundation bolts.
4. The lunar soil performance integration test bed according to claim 3, wherein: the X-direction horizontal movement large-thrust driving assembly (3), the Z-direction driving assembly (1-2) and the Y-direction horizontal movement small-thrust driving assembly (4) are all linear motors.
5. The lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed according to claim 4, characterized in that: the motor case assembly (1) further comprises force sensor interfaces (1-4), and the force sensor interfaces (1-4) are arranged on the side walls of the rotary motor cases (1-3).
6. The lunar soil performance integration test bed according to claim 5, wherein: the motor case assembly (1) further comprises a torque sensor (1-5), the torque sensor (1-5) is arranged between the rotary motor case (1-3) and the test tool interface (7), the upper end of the torque sensor (1-5) is connected with a rotating shaft of a rotary motor in the rotary motor case (1-3), and the lower end of the torque sensor (1-5) is connected with the test tool interface (7).
7. The lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed according to claim 6, characterized in that: the motor box component (1) further comprises a chuck (1-6), and the chuck (1-6) is installed at the lower part of the test tool interface (7).
8. The lunar soil performance integration test bed according to claim 7, wherein: the motor box component (1) further comprises piezoelectric ceramics (1-7), and the piezoelectric ceramics (1-7) are fixedly installed on the side wall of the lower portion of the rotary motor box (1-3).
9. The lunar soil performance integration test bed according to claim 8, wherein: the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed further comprises a soil tank limiter (8), the soil tank limiter (8) is horizontally arranged between the test soil tank (9) and the upright column (2-2) on one side of the rectangular steel structure frame (2-1), one end of the soil tank limiter (8) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the test soil tank (9), and the other end of the soil tank limiter (8) is fixedly connected with the upright column (2-2).
10. A test method for testing lunar soil performance by using the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the test method is realized by the following steps,
step one, lunar soil pressure bearing test:
the method comprises the following steps: mounting a pressure plate (A) special for a pressure-bearing test on a test tool interface (7) of a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
the first step is: then inserting a force sensor (G) connected with the tail end of the special pressure plate (A) for the pressure-bearing test into a force sensor interface (1-4);
step one is three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank (9);
step one is: the special pressure plate (A) for the pressure bearing test vertically moves downwards under the drive of the motor of the Z-direction drive assembly (1-2) to press and simulate lunar soil,
step one and five: the equipment performs a pressing test according to the set pressing speed and distance of the special pressing plate (A) for the pressure bearing test, records and outputs the pressing speed, the pressing distance and X, Y and Z three-dimensional force load; when the rear box body (9-4) of the test soil tank (9) is adopted in the test, the width is 50mm, the length of the rear box body (9-4) is not less than 400mm, the height of the simulated lunar soil is not less than 160mm, the size of the pressure plate (A) special for the pressure bearing test is 20 multiplied by 50mm, the test performed under the size limit of the rear box body (9-4) is a limited pressure bearing test, and the measured data is limited pressure bearing test data;
when a main box body (9-1) of a test soil tank (9) is adopted in a test, the width of the test soil tank (9) is increased to 500mm, the length of the test soil tank (9) is not less than 400mm, the height of simulated lunar soil is not less than 160mm, the size of a pressure plate (A) special for a pressure bearing test is 20 multiplied by 50mm, the test performed under the size limit of the main box body (9-1) is an unconfined pressure bearing test, and the measured data is unconfined pressure bearing test data;
thus, the lunar soil pressure bearing test simulating lunar soil is completed;
step two, lunar soil drilling test:
step two, firstly: a hollow external spiral drill bit (B) with the length of 0.5m special for a drilling test is arranged on a test tool interface (7) of a lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
step two: the test automatically acquires longitudinal force through a built-in force sensor of the rotary motor box (1-3) without an external relay sensor interface (1-4);
step two and step three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank (9);
step two, four: drilling lunar soil;
the first step is as follows: the special hollow outer spiral drill bit (B) for the drilling test vertically moves downwards under the driving of a motor of the Z-direction driving assembly (1-2);
the second step is that: the special hollow external spiral drill bit (B) for the drilling test is driven by a rotary motor in a rotary motor box (1-3) to drill downwards in a rotary manner;
step two and step five: the equipment carries out a drilling test according to the set rotation speed and the set footage speed, and records and outputs the rotation speed, the footage speed, the drilling depth, the torque and the longitudinal force load;
thus, the lunar soil drilling test simulating lunar soil is completed;
step three, lunar soil horizontal pushing test:
step three, firstly: a push plate (C) special for a horizontal push test is arranged on a test tool interface (7) of the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
step three: inserting a force sensor (G) connected with the tail end of a push plate (C) special for a horizontal push test into a force sensor interface (1-4);
step three: simulated lunar soil is filled in the test soil tank (9);
step three and four: carrying out horizontal pushing on lunar soil:
the first step is as follows: the special push plate (C) for the horizontal push test moves to one side of the test soil tank (9) under the driving of the motors of the two small-thrust driving components (4) which horizontally move in the Y direction;
the second step: a special push plate (C) for the horizontal push test is vertically inserted into the simulated lunar soil downwards under the drive of a motor of the Z-direction drive assembly (1-2);
the third step: horizontally pushing the simulated lunar soil along the horizontal X direction under the driving of a motor of a horizontal movement high-thrust driving component (3) in the X direction;
step three and five: the equipment carries out a horizontal pushing test according to the set insertion depth, horizontal pushing speed and horizontal pushing displacement, and records and outputs the insertion speed, the insertion depth, the horizontal pushing speed, the horizontal pushing distance, X, Y and Z three-way force load;
when the special position inserting plate (9-7) is inserted, the test soil tank (9) forms a box body with a special size and a width of 80mm, a limited side flat push test is realized, and corresponding flat push test data is recorded;
when the test soil tank (9) under the unconfined pressure bearing test size is used, an unconfined flat push test is realized, and corresponding flat push test data are recorded;
thus, the lunar soil flat push test simulating lunar soil is completed;
step four, conducting a lunar rock impact test:
step four, firstly: a special high-frequency impact head (D) matched with the piezoelectric ceramics (1-7) is arranged at the tail end of the lunar soil performance comprehensive test bed;
step four and step two: clamping a simulated lunar rock (F) at the center by adopting a special simulated lunar rock clamping jaw (E), placing the simulated lunar rock at the right lower part of a special high-frequency impact head (D), and respectively installing two support rails of the simulated lunar rock clamping jaw at the upper ends of a special position plugboard (9-7) and a central plugboard (9-8) to carry out a simulated lunar rock impact test;
step four and step three: the test high-frequency impact is realized by the piezoelectric ceramics (1-7), the stroke of the piezoelectric ceramics (1-7) is 60 microns in no-load, the piezoelectric ceramics vibrate about 300Hz in 30 micron stroke, vibrate about 1200Hz in 6 micron stroke, and vibrate 3-4KHz in 1-2 micron stroke, so that the high-frequency impact test under various frequency bands and vibration amplitude conditions is met;
during the test, a motor of the Z-direction driving assembly (1-2) applies continuous downward pressure in the longitudinal direction;
step four: the equipment performs an impact test according to the set impact frequency and the set down pressure, and records and outputs the impact frequency, the impact amplitude and the longitudinal force load;
thus, the lunar rock impact test simulating lunar soil is completed.
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