A kind of method that reduces tobacco leaf total sugar content
[technical field]
The present invention relates to technical field of tobacco processing.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method that reduces tobacco leaf total sugar content.
[background technology]
Tobacco leaf total sugar content is to embody the jealous important symbol of cigarette, is certain correlation with fragrance, harmony, assorted gas, strength, excitant and the pleasant impression of smokeing panel test in quality evaluation index.Because sugar burning produces, be acid flue gas, in and the free alkali in flue gas, eliminated the stimulation of the pungent and larynx of choking that flue gas produces, in certain amplitude range, sugar content height is the quality better of cigarette.Research shows, the too low meeting of sugared content in tobacco leaf make flue gas coarse, stimulate and increase; Sugar too high levels can make flue gas insipid, and affecting jealous, unnecessary sugar also can increase tar content, increases the harm of flue gas to human body.Therefore, improve the interior quality of cigarette, should note within total sugar content is controlled at suitable scope in flue-cured tobacco raw material.It is generally acknowledged, in tobacco leaf, total sugar content is more suitable below 28%.For example, < < Hunan Tobacco Region middle part Characteristic of Total Sugar of Flue-cured Tobacco situation and thinking with this piece of paper of > > that be related to of the quality of smokeing panel test, the tobacco leaf of Hunan Tobacco Region is when its total sugar content approximately 25.5%, and fragrance matter, fragrance, strength, jealous score value and the total points of smokeing panel test are the highest.
Yunnan is because of the major production areas of its special geographical environment ,Shi China high-quality tobacco, the flue-cured tobacco that produces can compare favourably with global high-quality tobacco.But, owing to planting and causing soil depletion continuously, therefore must heavy dressing obviously increase to maintain the amount of application of tobacco normal growth, especially nitrogenous fertilizer in recent years.Nitrogenous fertilizer addition and total sugar content are proportionate, and Yunnan Province arid causes tobacco leaf 15~20 days Huangs that fall in advance in recent years, cause tobacco leaf not arrive technical maturity and harvest in advance, starch accumulation amount is excessive, total sugar content is higher than 30%, causes in tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking the local assorted gas of performance heavier, burnt fragrant and sweet too outstanding, makes cloud and mist tobacco leaf delicate fragrance type style characteristic not obvious, the competitiveness of restriction Yunnan Province tobacco leaf on market, can not meet the requirement of cigarette industry.
Along with the development of tobacco industry, the tobacco worker tobacco leaf hypoglycemic method that begun one's study.Have been reported in tobacco leaf growth course, by regulated fertilization and regulate Topping Time and can effectively reduce tobacco leaf sugar content picking time; In tobacco leaf modulated process, by regulating temperature and time to reach the object that reduces total reducing sugar; In tobacco mellowing process, by outer interpolation enzyme to fall low sugar contents.At present, process the total sugar content that redried leaf tobacco reduces in tobacco leaf have not been reported by spray or immersion process, that the method has advantages of is easy and simple to handle, low-cost, can suitability for industrialized production.Therefore, the inventor is analyzing on the basis of prior art situation, by practice, proposes a kind ofly by soaking or spray the method for reduction tobacco leaf total sugar content, and determined and with this, reaches the final purpose of improving tobacco leaf interior quality by suitable technological parameter.
[summary of the invention]
[technical problem that will solve]
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that reduces tobacco leaf total reducing sugar.
[technical scheme]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to a kind of method that reduces tobacco leaf total sugar content, the method step is as follows:
A, at 35~90 ℃ of temperature, get tobacco leaf and soak 1-35min according to the volume ratio 1:20 of its weight and water~240g/ml, obtain solidliquid mixture;
B, by the solidliquid mixture centrifugation of steps A, obtain supernatant and be the tobacco leaf of sediment shape;
C, the supernatant that step B is obtained concentrate, alcohol precipitation, centrifugal, until concentrated supernatant concentration is to the 4%-8% of the volume of the supernatant of step B, the sealing of gained concentrate is also standby in 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores;
D, by step B obtain being sediment shape tobacco leaf at 59-61 ℃, toast 2~3h, take out the balance 47-49h of Hou Yu thermostatic constant wet chamber, then chopping;
E, the concentrate that step C is obtained are sprayed on balance 47-49h in the pipe tobacco Shang,Zai thermostatic constant wet chamber of the chopping that step D obtains, and then the pipe tobacco after balance are beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
In the present invention, the tobacco leaf of steps A is the tobacco leaf after redrying alcoholization.
Preferably, the pH value of the solidliquid mixture of steps A is 5.5~6.0, and the solidliquid mixture by steps A adds citric acid and/or NaOH to regulate pH value.
According to preferred embodiment a kind of, step B centrifugal is centrifugal 15-25min at 0~4 ℃ of temperature, under rotating speed 4000~6000r/min.
Preferably, the concentrated of step C carries out under 45~65 ℃ of temperature, pressure 0.09~0.10MP.
Preferably, the alcohol precipitation of step C is alcohol precipitation 18~36h at 0~4 ℃ of temperature, in volumetric concentration 75~95% ethanol.
Preferably, step C centrifugal is centrifugal 10~15min at 0~4 ℃ of temperature, under rotating speed 5000~7000r/min.
Preferably, in step D and E, described constant temperature and humidity is temperature 21.5-22.5 ℃, humidity 59.5-60.5%.
The present invention will be described in more detail below.
At present some area institute tobacco leaves that produce are burnt fragrant and sweet too outstanding, affect the harmony of mouthfeel and integral body, study to show in this and tobacco leaf that total sugar content is too high and have a direct relation.
The present invention proposes a kind of method that reduces tobacco leaf total reducing sugar, and the step of described method is as follows:
A, at 35~90 ℃ of temperature, tobacco leaf is processed 1-35min according to the volume ratio 1:20 of its weight and water~240g/ml, obtains the solidliquid mixture that a kind of pH value is 5.5~6.0.
According to the present invention, described tobacco leaf obtains after just roasting, redrying, alcoholization, for example, buy the tobacco leaf product from Yunnan.
Described tobacco leaf process at 35~90 ℃ is soaked (or spray), if this temperature, lower than 35 ℃, will be unfavorable for the stripping of total reducing sugar in tobacco leaf; If described tobacco leaf soaks or sprays treatment temperature higher than 90 ℃, the excessive stripping of total reducing sugar in tobacco leaf, other solable matter of while is a large amount of strippings thereupon also, thereby destroy the fragrance of tobacco leaf itself.
Particularly preferably, described tobacco leaf immersion (or spray) temperature is 40~60 ℃.
Suitable soak time is conducive to the total sugar substance in stripping tobacco leaf.If the processing time of steps A is too short, in tobacco leaf, total reducing sugar is difficult for stripping; If described tobacco leaf soaks or the spray processing time is long, also can cause the excessive stripping of total reducing sugar in tobacco leaf, and a large amount of strippings of other solable matter, thereby the fragrance of destruction tobacco leaf itself.Particularly preferably, described tobacco leaf immersion or spray processing time are 8~12min.
In this step, pH value during immersion treatment is not very crucial, and the normally used pH value of the art is 5.5-6.0, can add citric acid to regulate by the solidliquid mixture to steps A, when citric acid adds when too much, can be by adding NaOH to regulate pH value.。
According to preferred embodiment a kind of, in steps A, the weight of tobacco leaf and the volume ratio of water can be 1:20~1:50g/ml.
B, solidliquid mixture that steps A is obtained carry out centrifugal 15~25min under the condition of 0~4 ℃ of temperature and 4000~6000r/min, obtain supernatant and are the tobacco leaf of sediment shape.
In the present invention, the equipment that centrifugation is used is product sold in the market, and for example UNT Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. in Suzhou produces centrifuge.
C, supernatant that step B is obtained concentrate under 45~65 ℃, 0.09~0.10MP condition, at 0~4 ℃ of temperature, by volumetric concentration, be 75~95% ethanol water alcohol precipitation 18~36h again, then centrifugal 10~15min under the condition with 5000~7000r/min at 0~4 ℃, the supernatant obtaining thus 40~60 ℃ with 0.09~0.10MP condition under again concentrated, until volume is concentrated into the 4%-8% of original volume of the supernatant of step B, the concentrate obtaining thus seals and is standby in 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores.
In the present invention, the concentrated equipment using is product sold in the market, the rotary evaporator that for example Shanghai Yarong Biochemical Instrument Plant produces.
In the present invention, the equipment that centrifugation is used is product sold in the market, the centrifuge that for example UNT Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. in Suzhou produces.
Comparative optimization ground, the supernatant concentration temperature that step B obtains is 50~55 ℃, pressure 0.09~0.10MP.
If the too low alcohol precipitation that easily causes of the concentration of alcohol of selecting during alcohol precipitation is incomplete, in solution, still have more glucide, do not reach the object of hypoglycemic of the present invention; If concentration of alcohol is higher than 95%, also easy a large amount of depositions of the material of other and sugared chelating in solution, cause a large amount of losses of aroma component.Therefore, described supernatant alcohol precipitation concentration is 75~95%, suitable.
Preferably, concentration of alcohol is 85~90% during alcohol precipitation.
In addition, the alcohol precipitation time also easily causes alcohol precipitation incomplete lower than 18h, in solution, still leaves compared with polysaccharose substance, does not reach object of the present invention; And the alcohol precipitation time extended the processing time during higher than 36h, normally unnecessary.
Preferably, the described supernatant alcohol precipitation time is 22~26h.
Preferably, described supernatant alcohol precipitation be at 0~4 ℃ of temperature in 85~90% ethanol alcohol precipitation 22~26h.
Then, the solution obtaining after alcohol precipitation is centrifugal 10~15min under the condition of 0~4 ℃ of temperature and 5000~7000r/min, thereby obtains supernatant.
Next, the supernatant obtaining thus 40~60 ℃ with 0.09~0.10MP condition under be again concentrated to the 4%-8% of its original volume.If thickening temperature lower than 40 ℃, extends concentration time, is unfavorable for concentrating; If thickening temperature is higher than 60 ℃, in concentrate, low boiling flavor matter volatilizees.Therefore, again concentrated temperature to be 40~60 ℃ be suitable.
D, tobacco leaf that step B is obtained dry 2~3h in 59-61 ℃, take out balance 47-49h in Hou thermostatic constant wet chamber, then by the tobacco leaf chopping obtaining.
In the present invention, term " balance " is construed as and makes tobacco leaf humidity reach 11.0-13.0%.
Temperature 21.5-22.5 ℃, humidity 59.5-60.5% in described thermostatic constant wet chamber.
In the present invention, the equipment that tobacco leaf chopping is used is product sold in the market, the QS-BD tobacco leaf filament cutter that for example the prompt sharp weapon material in Kaifeng factory produces.
In the present invention, the total sugar content of described pipe tobacco adopts the method for the < < tobacco business standard > > YC/T159-2002 of People's Republic of China (PRC) regulation to measure.
E, the concentrate that step C is obtained are sprayed on balance 47-49h in the pipe tobacco Shang,Zai thermostatic constant wet chamber that step D obtains, and then the pipe tobacco after balance are beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
In step e, when concentrate is sprayed with pipe tobacco, it is proper that every 100g pipe tobacco sprays 15~20g liquid.
In the present invention, it is product sold in the market that tobacco leaf is beaten equipment that cigarette uses, the cigarette drawing device that for example the prompt sharp weapon material in Kaifeng factory produces.
Then to reduce tobacco leaf total sugar content the method tobacco product of producing and the tobacco product that adopts conventional production method to produce according to the present invention, carry out sensory evaluating smoking's evaluation, and result is compared.
Described sensory evaluating smoking's authentication method forms evaluation group by five cigarettes with perfumer, adopt the method for secretly commenting, the fragrance of setting up according to our company, harmony, assorted gas, strength, excitant and six index classification standards of pleasant impression are carried out performance rating, to adopting tobacco leaf that reduction tobacco leaf total sugar content method of the present invention processed and the tobacco product quality of undressed leaf tobacco production to compare.Result of the test shows, uses the tobacco leaf tobacco product of making and the tobacco product of making without the tobacco leaf of the inventive method processing through reduction tobacco leaf total sugar content method of the present invention, processed having very significantly and improving aspect fragrance, harmony, assorted gas, strength, excitant and pleasant impression.
[beneficial effect]
The present invention adopts a kind of solution to soak or the method for spray reduces tobacco leaf total sugar content, effectively improved part tobacco leaf when suction because of sugared content too high and burnt fragrant and sweet too outstanding, thereby affect the harmful effect of fresh and sweet style and total tune, unnecessary sugar also can increase tar content simultaneously, reduces tobacco leaf total sugar content and is conducive to reduce the impact of tar on health.
[specific embodiment]
By following embodiment, will further understand the present invention.
embodiment 1
Take the red large C of stone forest
1f tobacco leaf 100g, in 35 ℃ of temperature, pH value 5.5(by adding citric acid to regulate), soak 1min under solid-liquid ratio 1:20g/ml condition, by the solidliquid mixture obtaining centrifugal 20min under the condition of 4 ℃ of temperature, 5000r/min, separation obtains supernatant and tobacco leaf (precipitation).
After the supernatant obtaining is concentrated under 55 ℃, 0.1MP condition, with 85% concentration of alcohol in 4 ℃ of alcohol precipitation 22h, after 6000r/min is centrifugal, discard precipitation, the supernatant obtaining is thus concentrated 15g concentrate (approximately unconcentrated supernatant volume 8%) under 50 ℃, 0.1MP condition, sealing, 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores are standby.
The tobacco leaf obtaining (precipitation) is dried to 2h in 59 ℃, chopping after the taking-up balance 49h of Hou Yu thermostatic constant wet chamber, the ratio that the concentrate of above-mentioned preservation is sprayed to 15g with every 100g pipe tobacco is evenly sprayed onto on pipe tobacco and mixes, the pipe tobacco of so processing is in the balance 49h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, then the pipe tobacco after balance is beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
Adopt the method for describing in this description to measure the total sugar content of tobacco leaf.To reduce tobacco leaf total sugar content the method tobacco product of producing and the tobacco product that adopts conventional production method to produce according to the present invention, carry out sensory evaluating smoking's evaluation.Total sugar content and sensory evaluating smoking the results are shown in table 1 and table 2.
Table 1 hypoglycemic is processed the variation of rear tobacco leaf total sugar content
Smoking result after table 2 hypoglycemic is processed
embodiment 2
Take the red large C of stone forest
1f tobacco leaf 100g soaks or spray 34min under 90 ℃ of temperature, pH value 6.0, solid-liquid ratio 1:50g/ml condition, by the solidliquid mixture obtaining centrifugal 25min under the condition of 2 ℃ of temperature, 4000r/min, obtains supernatant and tobacco leaf (precipitation).
After the supernatant obtaining is concentrated under 45 ℃, 0.09MP, with 90% concentration of alcohol in 4 ℃ of alcohol precipitation 36h, after the centrifugal 10min of 7000r/min, discard precipitation, the supernatant obtaining is thus concentrated 15g concentrate (approximately unconcentrated supernatant volume 4%) under 50 ℃, 0.1MP condition, sealing, 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores are standby.
The tobacco leaf obtaining (precipitation) is dried to 2h in 61 ℃, then take out, chopping after the balance 49h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, the ratio that the concentrate of above-mentioned preservation is sprayed to 20g with every 100g pipe tobacco is evenly sprayed onto on pipe tobacco and mixes, the pipe tobacco of so processing is in the balance 49h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, then the pipe tobacco after balance is beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
Adopt the method for describing in this description to measure the total sugar content of tobacco leaf.To reduce tobacco leaf total sugar content the method tobacco product of producing and the tobacco product that adopts conventional production method to produce according to the present invention, carry out sensory evaluating smoking's evaluation.Total sugar content and sensory evaluating smoking the results are shown in table 3 and table 4.
Table 3 hypoglycemic is processed the variation of rear tobacco leaf total sugar content
Smoking result after table 4 hypoglycemic is processed
embodiment 3
Take the red large C of stone forest
1f tobacco leaf 100g sprays 25min under 75 ℃ of temperature, pH value 5.8, solid-liquid ratio 1:40g/ml condition, by the solidliquid mixture obtaining centrifugal 15min under the condition of 0 ℃ of temperature, 6000r/min, obtains supernatant and tobacco leaf (precipitation).
After the supernatant obtaining is concentrated under 65 ℃, 0.1MP, with 75% concentration of alcohol in 0 ℃ of alcohol precipitation 18h, after the centrifugal 15min of 5000r/min, discard precipitation, the supernatant obtaining is thus the concentrated 15g concentrate (approximately unconcentrated supernatant volume 5%) that obtains under 50 ℃, 0.1MP condition, sealing, 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores are standby.
The tobacco leaf obtaining (precipitation) is dried to 2.5h in 60 ℃, take out, chopping after the balance 47h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, the ratio that the concentrate of above-mentioned preservation is sprayed to 25g with every 100g pipe tobacco is evenly sprayed onto on pipe tobacco and mixes, pipe tobacco is in the balance 47h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, then the pipe tobacco after balance is beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
Adopt the method for describing in this description to measure the total sugar content of tobacco leaf.To reduce tobacco leaf total sugar content the method tobacco product of producing and the tobacco product that adopts conventional production method to produce according to the present invention, carry out sensory evaluating smoking's evaluation.Total sugar content and sensory evaluating smoking the results are shown in table 5 and table 6.
Table 5 hypoglycemic is processed the variation of rear tobacco leaf total sugar content
Smoking result after table 6 hypoglycemic is processed
embodiment 4
Take the red large C of stone forest
1f tobacco leaf 100g soaks 35min under 40 ℃ of temperature, pH value 5.9, solid-liquid ratio 1:240g/ml condition, by the solidliquid mixture obtaining centrifugal 20min under the condition of 4 ℃ of temperature, 5000r/min, obtains supernatant and tobacco leaf (precipitation).
After the supernatant obtaining is concentrated under 55 ℃, 0.1MP condition, with 95% concentration of alcohol in 4 ℃ of alcohol precipitation 25h, after the centrifugal 10min of 6000r/min, discard precipitation, supernatant is the concentrated 15g concentrate (approximately unconcentrated supernatant volume 8%) that is able under 50 ℃, 0.1MP condition, sealing, 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores are standby.
Gained tobacco leaf (precipitation) is dried to 3h in 59 ℃, take out, chopping after the balance 47h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, the ratio that the concentrate of above-mentioned preservation is sprayed to 18g with every 100g pipe tobacco is evenly sprayed onto on pipe tobacco and mixes, pipe tobacco is in the balance 47h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, then the pipe tobacco after balance is beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
Adopt the method for describing in this description to measure the total sugar content of tobacco leaf.To reduce tobacco leaf total sugar content the method tobacco product of producing and the tobacco product that adopts conventional production method to produce according to the present invention, carry out sensory evaluating smoking's evaluation.Total sugar content and sensory evaluating smoking the results are shown in table 7 and table 8.
Table 7 hypoglycemic is processed the variation of rear tobacco leaf total sugar content
Smoking result after table 8 hypoglycemic is processed
embodiment 5
Take the red large C of stone forest
1f tobacco leaf 100g soaks 7min under temperature 60 C, pH value 5.7, solid-liquid ratio 1:30g/ml condition, by the solidliquid mixture obtaining centrifugal 20min under the condition of 4 ℃ of temperature, 5000r/min, obtains supernatant and tobacco leaf (precipitation).
After the supernatant obtaining is concentrated under 55 ℃, 0.1MP condition, with 90% concentration of alcohol in 4 ℃ of alcohol precipitation 22h, after 6000r/min is centrifugal, discard precipitation, the supernatant obtaining is thus the concentrated 15g concentrate that obtains under 50 ℃, 0.1MP condition, sealing, and 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores are standby.
The tobacco leaf obtaining (precipitation) is dried to 2h in 59 ℃, take out, chopping after the balance 49h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, the ratio that the concentrate of above-mentioned preservation is sprayed to 16g with every 100g pipe tobacco is evenly sprayed onto on pipe tobacco and mixes, pipe tobacco is in the balance 49h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, then the pipe tobacco after balance is beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
Adopt the method for describing in this description to measure the total sugar content of tobacco leaf.To reduce tobacco leaf total sugar content the method tobacco product of producing and the tobacco product that adopts conventional production method to produce according to the present invention, carry out sensory evaluating smoking's evaluation.Total sugar content and sensory evaluating smoking the results are shown in table 9 and table 10.
Table 9 hypoglycemic is processed the variation of rear tobacco leaf total sugar content
Smoking result after table 10 hypoglycemic is processed
embodiment 6
Take the red large C of stone forest
1f tobacco leaf 100g sprays 10min under 40 ℃ of temperature, pH value 5.8, solid-liquid ratio 1:30g/ml condition, by the solidliquid mixture obtaining centrifugal 20min under the condition of 4 ℃ of temperature, 5000r/min, obtains supernatant and tobacco leaf (precipitation).
After the supernatant obtaining is concentrated under 55 ℃, 0.1MP, with 85% concentration of alcohol in 4 ℃ of alcohol precipitation 24h, after 6000r/min is centrifugal, discard precipitation, the supernatant obtaining is thus the concentrated 15g concentrate that obtains under 50 ℃, 0.1MP condition, sealing, and 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores are standby.
Gained tobacco leaf (precipitation) is dried to 3h in 59 ℃, take out, chopping after the balance 49h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, the ratio that the concentrate of above-mentioned preservation is sprayed to 22g with every 100g pipe tobacco is evenly sprayed onto on pipe tobacco and mixes, pipe tobacco is in the balance 47h of thermostatic constant wet chamber, then the pipe tobacco after balance is beaten to cigarette, thereby obtain tobacco product.
Adopt the method for describing in this description to measure the total sugar content of tobacco leaf.To reduce tobacco leaf total sugar content the method tobacco product of producing and the tobacco product that adopts conventional production method to produce according to the present invention, carry out sensory evaluating smoking's evaluation.Total sugar content and sensory evaluating smoking the results are shown in table 11 and table 12.
Table 11 hypoglycemic is processed the variation of rear tobacco leaf total sugar content
Smoking result after table 12 hypoglycemic is processed