CN102630362B - A rotor segment for a rotor of a permanent magnet electrical machine - Google Patents

A rotor segment for a rotor of a permanent magnet electrical machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102630362B
CN102630362B CN201080053748.8A CN201080053748A CN102630362B CN 102630362 B CN102630362 B CN 102630362B CN 201080053748 A CN201080053748 A CN 201080053748A CN 102630362 B CN102630362 B CN 102630362B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rotor
sector
magneto
stator
magnetic pole
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201080053748.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102630362A (en
Inventor
帕努·库罗宁
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Switch Drive Systems Oy
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Switch Drive Systems Oy
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786Outer rotors
    • H02K1/2787Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2789Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2791Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/15Sectional machines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

Magnetic poles of a permanent magnet rotor composed of rotor segments (101-04) are positioned in a manner that a tangential interval between magnetic axes (114, 116) of adjacent magnetic poles belonging to neighboring rotor segments (101, 104) is greater than an average of tangential intervals between magnetic axes (114, 117) of adjacent magnetic poles belonging to a same rotor segment (101). Therefore, the tangential distance from the flanks (107, 108) of the segments to closest permanent magnets can be increased and more room can be provided for arrangements (121, 122) for fastening the rotor segments together. The above-described positioning of the magnetic poles decreases the magnetic coupling between the permanent magnet rotor and the stator windings but, on the other hand, cogging may torque also be decreased.

Description

Be used for the rotor sector of the rotor of magneto
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to electric rotating machine.More specifically, the present invention relates to the rotor sector for the rotor of magneto, and the present invention relates to magneto.
Background technology
The direct driving wind-driven generator that major diameter motor, for example air-gap diameter even can be greater than 2000mm comprises sectionalized stator and/or segmented rotor in many cases.In typical case, rotor sector and/or stator sector are in the three unities manufacture and be transported to another place, at this another place place, described sector are assembled into motor.The rotor sector of magneto typically comprises supporting construction and is attached to the permanent magnet of this supporting construction.Permanent magnet is arranged to provide magnetic pole in the air gap surface of rotor sector.Described air gap surface is in the time that rotor sector is used as magneto a part of, towards the surface of the rotor sector of the stator of magneto.One of challenge of the p-m rotor of the rotor sector of assembling the above-mentioned type relates to adjacent rotor sector is tightened together.Near the permanent magnet of sensitive for damages, carrying out the fastening fact has limited and fastening relevant apparatus and method.Another one challenge relates to the transport of rotor sector, and this is because especially in conjunction with the structure with surface-mount type permanent magnet, the permanent magnet that approaches the side of rotor sector most during transportation may easily be damaged.
Summary of the invention
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of Novel permanent-magnet motor.In magneto according to the present invention, the magnetic pole that includes the p-m rotor of rotor sector is located as follows, is greater than the mean value of the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of the adjacent pole that is belonging to same rotor sector in the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of adjacent pole that belongs to adjacent rotor sector that is:.Therefore, can increase the tangential distance from the side of rotor sector to immediate permanent magnet, therefore can be for providing more spaces for the layout that rotor sector is tightened together.In addition, especially in conjunction with the structure with surface-mount type permanent magnet, because the described side of permanent magnet distance is farther, so reduced vulnerability during transportation.The above-mentioned location of magnetic pole has reduced the magnetic coupling between permanent magnet and the stator winding of magneto, still, on the other hand, also can reduce cogging torque.
A kind of rotor sector of the novel rotor for magneto is provided according to a second aspect of the invention.According to the central angle between the first side of rotor sector of the present invention and the second side maximum is π radian, 180 °, and described rotor sector comprises supporting construction and is attached to the permanent magnet of described supporting construction.This permanent magnet is arranged to provide magnetic pole in the air gap surface of rotor sector, and in the time that this rotor sector is used as magneto a part of, described air gap surface is towards the stator of magneto.Described magnetic pole is positioned in described air gap surface, makes:
and
Wherein:
α 1be in the first side of rotor sector and approach the central angle between the magnetic axis of magnetic pole of described the first side most,
α 2be in the second side of rotor sector and approach the central angle between the magnetic axis of magnetic pole of described the second side most,
P is the number of the magnetic pole of rotor sector,
R agthe air gap radius of rotor sector, and
B 1and B 2be tangential length, described tangential length is selected such that in the time that rotor sector is used as magneto a part of, obtain the enough tangential spacing between the permanent magnet of adjacent rotor sector.Be applicable to B 1and B 2numerical value in concrete condition, depend on mechanical realization and the size of rotor sector and/or depend on the geometry of stator winding.In actual conditions, 5mm is B 1and B 2lower limit.Item B 1/ R agwith item B 2/ R agshow that radian is the general rule of arc length divided by radius.
Multiple example embodiment of the present invention has been described in appended dependent claims.
When read by reference to the accompanying drawings for concrete example embodiment following explanation time, will understand best the various example embodiment about structure and method of operation of the present invention and other object of the present invention and advantage.
In this article, verb " comprises " that it neither repels, also do not require the existence of the feature of not enumerating as open restriction.Unless explicit state in addition, the feature of enumerating in dependent claims is independent assortment mutually.
Brief description of the drawings
Explain in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of example example embodiment of the present invention and their advantage, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the cross section of magneto according to an embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 2 shows the cross section of magneto according to another embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the cross section of magneto according to an embodiment of the invention.Be external rotor electric machine at the magneto shown in Fig. 1, in this external rotor electric machine, rotor is arranged to around stator.This stator comprises the sectionalized stator iron core being assembled into by stator sector 125,126,127 and 128.Preferably but be optionally arranged in such a way, that is: each coil of stator winding occupies the only stator slot of a sector that belongs to stator core to stator winding.In this case, stator sector can be wound around separated from one anotherly, and only the terminal of the winding of different stator sectors must couple together in suitable mode after assembling stator core.According to one embodiment of present invention, comprise four rotor sectors 101,102,103 and 104 at the rotor of the magneto shown in Fig. 1.Described rotor sector 101-104 is similar each other, therefore, only explains in more detail hereinafter rotor sector 101.In Fig. 1, angle be illustrated in the central angle between the first side 107 of rotor sector 101 and the second side 108 of rotor sector 101.Because have four similar rotor sectors, so central angle pi/2 radian, 90 °.But, it should be noted that, according to the structure of motor and size, rotor and stator can be segmented to have the sector of any applicable number.For example, in some cases, rotor can comprise only two rotor sectors, in this case, and central angle will be π radian, 180 °, and at some, in other situation, rotor can comprise three sectors or the sector more than four.
Rotor sector 101 comprises supporting construction 109, and described supporting construction 109 can comprise lamination ferromagnetic material and/or solid ferromagnetic material.Rotor sector 101 comprises the permanent magnet 110,111,112 and 113 that is attached to supporting construction 109.In the situation shown in Fig. 1, described permanent magnet is installed on the surface of supporting construction 109.But, also can make supporting construction there is the recess for described permanent magnet.Permanent magnet is arranged to provide magnetic pole in the air gap surface of rotor sector.Draw the arrow representing in the drawings on the element of permanent magnet and indicate the direction of magnetization of each permanent magnet.Described magnetic pole is positioned in so a kind of mode, is greater than the mean value of the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of the adjacent pole that is belonging to same rotor sector in the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of adjacent pole that belongs to adjacent rotor sector that is:.In Fig. 1, central angle γ 1corresponding to the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis 114 and 116 of adjacent pole that belongs to respectively adjacent rotor sector 101 and 104.Correspondingly, central angle γ 2corresponding to the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis 115 and 120 of adjacent pole that belongs to respectively adjacent rotor sector 101 and 102.Because rotor sector 101-104 is mutually similar, so γ 1equal γ 2.Central angle β 1, β 2and β 3corresponding to the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of adjacent pole that belongs to rotor sector 101.The location of magnetic pole completes by the appropriate location of permanent magnet 110-113.Have the supporting construction for the recess of permanent magnet in use, the location of magnetic pole also can complete by the suitable shaping of the ferromagnetic part to the path that forms magnetic flux.The above-mentioned location of magnetic pole has increased respectively the tangential distance from the side 107 and 108 of rotor sector 101 to immediate permanent magnet 110 and 113, therefore for the layout 121 and 122 that rotor sector 101 is fastened to adjacent rotor sector 104 and 102 provides more spaces.The above-mentioned location of magnetic pole has reduced the magnetic coupling between p-m rotor and the stator winding of magneto, still, on the other hand, also can reduce cogging torque.
By by the central angle alpha shown in Fig. 1 1be chosen to be greater than radian=11.25 ° and by the central angle alpha shown in Fig. 1 2be chosen to be greater than can obtain the above-mentioned characteristic at the magneto shown in Fig. 1.Denominator 8 comes from rotor sector 101 and has the fact of four magnetic poles.Central angle alpha 1be in the first side 107 of rotor sector and approach the angle between the magnetic axis 114 of magnetic pole of this first side most, and central angle alpha 2be in the second side 108 of rotor sector and approach the angle between the magnetic axis 115 of magnetic pole of this second side most.Central angle alpha 1and central angle alpha 2this selection can characterize by means of following formula:
and (1)
Wherein R agit is the air gap radius of rotor sector as shown in Figure 1.In conjunction with external rotor electric machine as shown in Figure 1, this air gap radius R agbe can by rotor ring around maximum radius of a circle.B 1and B 2be tangential length, this tangential length is selected such that to obtain the enough tangential spacing between the permanent magnet of adjacent rotor sector.Be applicable to B 1and B 2numerical value depend on as the case may be mechanical realization and the size of rotor sector and/or depend on the geometry of stator winding.In actual conditions, 5mm is B 1and B 2lower limit.
In magneto shown in Figure 1, the number of the magnetic pole of each rotor sector is four.In more common situation, be p at the number of the magnetic pole of each rotor sector, central angle alpha 1 and central angle alpha 2 are:
and (2)
In rotor sector according to an embodiment of the invention, the magnetic axis of the magnetic pole of rotor sector is set pitch with uniform distances in this rotor sector, in tangential direction.In conjunction with the rotor sector 101 shown in Fig. 1, this will mean β 1, β 2and β 3be less than the fact be the conclusion of formula (1).β 1, β 2and β 3in each be therefore less than summation α 1+ α 212, that is, the magnetic axis of whole magnetic poles of whole rotor is not to set in the same manner pitch.
In rotor sector according to an embodiment of the invention, B 1substantially equal B 2, i.e. central angle alpha 1substantially equal central angle alpha 2.
Fig. 2 shows the cross section of magneto according to an embodiment of the invention.Magneto shown in Fig. 2 is inner rotor motor, and in this inner rotor motor, stator is arranged to around rotor.Described stator comprises the sectionalized stator iron core being assembled by stator sector 225,226,227,228,229 and 230.Preferably but be optionally arranged in such a way, that is: each coil of stator winding occupies the only stator slot of a sector that belongs to stator core to stator winding.In this case, stator sector can be wound around separated from one anotherly, and only the terminal of the winding of different stator sectors must couple together in the mode being applicable to after assembling stator core.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the rotor of magneto comprises six rotor sectors 201,202,203,204,205 and 206 shown in figure 2.201-206 is secured to one another for rotor sector, and is secured to axle 250.In Fig. 2, angle represent the central angle between the first side 207 of rotor sector 201 and the second side 208 of rotor sector 201.Because have six similar rotor sectors, so central angle π/3 radians, 60 °.
Each in rotor sector 201-206 comprises supporting construction, and described supporting construction can comprise lamination ferromagnetic material and/or solid ferromagnetic material.Each in rotor sector 201-206 also comprises the permanent magnet that embeds superficial layer 232.Therefore, independent permanent magnet is not shown in Fig. 2.Permanent magnet is arranged to provide magnetic pole in the air gap surface of rotor sector.In Fig. 2, the number of the magnetic pole of each rotor sector is p, and dotted line 214,217,218,219,231 and 215 represents the magnetic axis of some magnetic poles in p magnetic pole of rotor sector 201.Dotted line 216 represents the magnetic axis of a magnetic pole in two outermost magnetic poles of rotor sector 206.Magnetic pole is located as follows, is greater than the mean value of the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of the adjacent pole that is belonging to same rotor sector in the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of adjacent pole that belongs to adjacent rotor sector that is:.In Fig. 2, central angle γ 1corresponding to the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis 214 and 216 of adjacent pole that belongs to respectively adjacent rotor sector 201 and 206.Central angle β 1, β 2..., β p-2and β p-2corresponding to the tangential spacing between the magnetic axis of adjacent pole that belongs to rotor sector 201.The above-mentioned location of magnetic pole has increased the tangential distance from the side of rotor sector to immediate permanent magnet, thus for providing more spaces for the layout that each rotor sector is fastened to its adjacent rotor sector.The above-mentioned location of magnetic pole has reduced the magnetic coupling between stator winding and the p-m rotor of magneto, still, on the other hand, also can reduce cogging torque.
In magneto according to an embodiment of the invention, in each rotor sector, the magnetic axis of magnetic pole is set pitch with uniform distances, and magnetic pole of the stator pitch is different from the length of described uniform distances.
In magneto according to an embodiment of the invention, the length of described uniform distances, the rotor magnetic pole pitch in each rotor sector is roughly:
(P S×p-n×τ S)/p,
Wherein P sbe magnetic pole of the stator pitch, p is the number of the magnetic pole of each rotor sector, τ sbe stator slot pitch, and n is more than or equal to 1 integer.
For illustrative purposes, consider following example below:
Number=the p of the magnetic pole of-each rotor sector
-magnetic pole of the stator pitch=P s,
-stator slot pitch=τ s,
-referring to formula (1) and (2), at the extra tangential distance B at two sides place of rotor sector 1and B 2the half of stator slot pitch, i.e. B 1=B 2s/ 2, and
-air gap radius is R ag.
In conjunction with external rotor electric machine as illustrated in fig. 1, air gap radius R agbe can by rotor ring around maximum radius of a circle, and, in conjunction with inner rotor motor as shown in Figure 2, air gap radius R agbe can surrounding rotor minimum radius of a circle.
In above-mentioned example, at the central angle shown in Fig. 1 and 2 α 1and α 2be:
and
Therefore:
and
If for example magnetic pole of the stator pitch P s=150mm and stator slot pitch τ s=50mm, central angle if the magnetic axis of the magnetic pole of each rotor sector is set pitch with uniform distances, the length of this uniform distances, i.e. rotor magnetic pole pitch P in each rotor sector rbe:
﹙p×P S-2×τ S/2﹚/p=P S-τ S/p。
If for example magnetic pole of the stator pitch P s=150mm, stator slot pitch τ sthe number p=24 of the magnetic pole of=50mm and each rotor sector, this rotor magnetic pole pitch P r=147.9mm.
It is restrictive that the concrete example providing in the explanation providing above should not be construed as.Therefore, the present invention is not limited in above-described embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. the rotor sector for the rotor of magneto (101,201), the central angle between the first side and the second side (107,108,207,208) of described rotor sector maximum is π radian, and described rotor sector comprises supporting construction (109) and permanent magnet (110-113), described permanent magnet is attached to described supporting construction, and be arranged to provide at least two magnetic poles in the air gap surface of described rotor sector, in the time that described rotor sector is used as described magneto a part of, described air gap surface, towards the stator of described magneto, is characterized in that:
and
Wherein:
α 1be in described first side (107,207) of described rotor sector and approach the central angle between the magnetic axis (114,214) of the magnetic pole of described the first side most,
α 2be in described second side (108,208) of described rotor sector and approach the central angle between the magnetic axis (115,215) of the magnetic pole of described the second side most,
P is the number of the magnetic pole of described rotor sector,
R agit is the air gap radius of described rotor sector, in the situation of external rotor electric machine, described air gap radius be can by described rotor ring around maximum radius of a circle, and in the situation of inner rotor motor, described air gap radius is can be around the minimum radius of a circle of described rotor, and
B 1be more than or equal to 5 millimeters, B 2be more than or equal to 5 millimeters, and a B 1/ R agwith item B 2/ R agshown radian be arc length divided by radius, wherein B 1and B 2along thering is radius R agthe length of circular arc of circle, and B 1and B 2it is at least described 5 millimeters, while being used as described magneto a part of with the described rotor sector of box lunch, obtain the enough tangential gaps between the permanent magnet of adjacent rotor sector.
2. rotor sector according to claim 1, wherein, the magnetic axis of described magnetic pole is set pitch with uniform distances in tangential direction, and the central angle corresponding with uniform distances described in each is less than α 1+ α 2.
3. rotor sector according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, B 1equal B 2.
4. a magneto, described magneto comprises stator and rotor, described rotor comprises at least two rotor sectors according to claim 1 (101-104,201-206).
5. magneto according to claim 4, wherein, in each rotor sector, the magnetic axis of described magnetic pole is set pitch with uniform distances, and magnetic pole of the stator pitch is different from the length of described uniform distances.
6. magneto according to claim 5, wherein, the length of described uniform distances is:
(P S×p-n×τ S)/p,
Wherein P sfor described magnetic pole of the stator pitch, p is the number of the magnetic pole of each rotor sector, τ sfor stator slot pitch, and n is more than or equal to 1 integer.
7. magneto according to claim 6, wherein, Integer n is 1.
8. according to the magneto described in any one in claim 4-7, wherein, described magneto is external rotor electric machine, makes described rotor around described stator.
9. according to the magneto described in any one in claim 4-7, wherein, described magneto is inner rotor motor, makes described stator around described rotor.
10. according to the magneto described in any one in claim 4-7, wherein, described stator comprises sectionalized stator iron core, and each coil of stator winding is arranged to occupy the only stator slot of a sector that belongs to described stator core.
CN201080053748.8A 2009-10-28 2010-10-20 A rotor segment for a rotor of a permanent magnet electrical machine Expired - Fee Related CN102630362B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20096107 2009-10-28
FI20096107A FI122303B (en) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Rotor segment for a rotor in a permanently magnetized electric machine
PCT/FI2010/050817 WO2011051555A2 (en) 2009-10-28 2010-10-20 A rotor segment for a rotor of a permanent magnet electrical machine

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CN102630362A CN102630362A (en) 2012-08-08
CN102630362B true CN102630362B (en) 2014-09-17

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CN (1) CN102630362B (en)
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DE102012208547A1 (en) 2012-05-22 2013-11-28 Wobben Properties Gmbh Synchronous generator of a gearless wind turbine
TWI699943B (en) * 2018-06-19 2020-07-21 建準電機工業股份有限公司 Rotor of outer rotor motor
KR102702303B1 (en) 2022-11-04 2024-09-04 한국해양과학기술원 Outer-rotor type permanent magnet synchronous generator

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CN2821195Y (en) * 2005-07-14 2006-09-27 潍坊中云机器有限公司 Split external rotor wind power generator

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JP3995450B2 (en) * 2000-12-20 2007-10-24 ヤマハモーターエレクトロニクス株式会社 Permanent magnet type rotating electric machine
JP2007252079A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Synchronous motor
CN102983699B (en) * 2007-05-31 2015-12-09 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Motor
DK2063117T3 (en) * 2007-11-26 2016-12-19 Siemens Ag A device for a direct drive generator, a direct drive generator, turbine and the method for mounting a generator

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CN2821195Y (en) * 2005-07-14 2006-09-27 潍坊中云机器有限公司 Split external rotor wind power generator

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Title
JP特开2007-252079A 2007.09.27

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI122303B (en) 2011-11-30
WO2011051555A3 (en) 2011-11-17
WO2011051555A2 (en) 2011-05-05
FI20096107A (en) 2011-04-29
KR101339516B1 (en) 2014-01-10
KR20120088766A (en) 2012-08-08
FI20096107A0 (en) 2009-10-28
CN102630362A (en) 2012-08-08

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