CN102627472A - Laser near net shaping method of low-porosity titanium alumina ceramic piece - Google Patents
Laser near net shaping method of low-porosity titanium alumina ceramic piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN102627472A CN102627472A CN2012101144557A CN201210114455A CN102627472A CN 102627472 A CN102627472 A CN 102627472A CN 2012101144557 A CN2012101144557 A CN 2012101144557A CN 201210114455 A CN201210114455 A CN 201210114455A CN 102627472 A CN102627472 A CN 102627472A
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- aluminum oxide
- alumina ceramic
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser near net shaping method of a low-porosity titanium alumina ceramic piece. Laser net shaping is performed on titanium alumina ceramic powder by using a laser processing system. The laser near net shaping method specifically comprises the following steps of: mixing the titanium alumina ceramic powder and SiC powder, drying and then placing in a powder feeder; connecting a laser processing head with a Nd:YAG solid laser through a transmission optical fiber; and realizing the laser net shaping of the low-porosity titanium alumina ceramic piece by controlling continuous movement of the processing head by taking argon gas as powder feeding and protecting gas. According to the laser near net shaping method, on one hand, the laser net shaping of the low-porosity titanium alumina ceramic piece can be realized, and on the other hand, the complexity of parameter optimization is simplified; the introduction of other adverse problems is avoided; and thus, a feasible parameter range is expanded and the production efficiency is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forming technique of aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member, particularly the laser near-net-shape method of low porosity aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member.
Background technology
Fast development along with world industry level and advanced manufacturing technology; Structural part is required to improve constantly the work-ing life under special environment; The performance of metallic substance under high temperature corrosion, insulation and high abrasion environment has been difficult to meet the demands, and weares and teares high temperature resistant impeller, extreme industrial and mineral condition with mechanical manipulator, national defence and high-technology field special type component etc. such as the height of aerospace mover.And stupalith is because the popularity in its source and unique wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, high firmness and high temperature resistant property receive much concern in material family, and every field all has important application.Al wherein
2O
3It is abundant, cheap to contain distribution, more excellent than mechanics, heat and the electrical property of other oxide ceramics, so become stupalith the most frequently used in the microelectronics industry, is applicable to the electron device of making various geometrical shapies, for improving Al
2O
3Fragility and crucible zone performance, add a certain amount of TiO usually
2, aluminum oxide titanium material widespread use in industry now.
Laser near-net-shape technology (Laser Engineered Net Shaping-LENS
TM) be that a kind of high energy beam directly acts on powdered material, through making the advanced method of manufacture of powder smelting resolidification shaping object construction, have high-quality, efficient, high precision, lightweight, characteristics cheaply.Be applied in the shaping manufacturing of aluminum oxide titanium and can improve ceramic member dense structure property and homogeneity of ingredients; The simplified manufacturing technique flow process; Not only can give full play to the premium properties of aluminum oxide titanium stupalith; Also directly make for the structural part of this kind material a kind of novel method is provided, realize the preparation of complicated ceramic member, the aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member replace complex hardware under the practical applications field makes special environment becomes possibility.But, cause drip molding inside to have a large amount of pores because the laser processing energy is high, consolidation is fast.A large amount of existence of pore can reduce outside heat-shock resistance, resistance to thermal cycling and the corrosion resistance nature of structural part, also possibly form stress concentration at the pore place, cause defectives such as crackle, fracture, and are fairly obvious to the weakening of mechanical strength.Therefore in the laser near-net-shape aluminum oxide titanium structural part process, effectively reducing structural part internal porosity rate is the key that guarantees aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member safety.Improve problem about the pore origin cause of formation in the laser processing stupalith process and stupalith pore, following document all has report:
German scholar M.F.Zawrah, J.Schneider, K.H.Zum Gahr: " microtexture of laser melting coating aluminum oxide coating layer and mechanical property ", " Materials Science and Engineering ", 332A volume in 2002.
Britain scholar D.Triantafyllidis, L.Li, F.H.Stott: " mechanism that laser melting coating stupalith pore forms along solid-liquid interface ", " applied surface science ", 208-209 volume in 2003.
American scholar A.N.Samant, S.R.Paital, N.B.Dahotre: " " the laser processing technology journal ", 2008 203 volumes.
Wang Dongsheng, Tian Zongjun, Shen Lida: " influence of laser remolten article on plasma spray aluminum oxide titanium nano coating microtexture ", " applied surface science ", 2009 255 volumes.
Li Qiang, pair great waves, Yang Kun: " laser fusion covered nickel base tungsten-carbide cermet pore Study on Problems ", " laser journal, 2006 27 volumes.
Recognize through literature survey; The cold contraction of high-energy, rapidly solidification, disease in the laser processing stupalith process and the characteristics of ceramic powder itself all can produce pore in inducing materials inside, and it is not extensive that this causes laser near-net-shape stupalith worldwide to be carried out.Therefore the pore problem that solves in the course of processing becomes the key factor that laser near-net-shape technology is able to promote.Though above-mentioned document proposes and can improve through regulating parameter such as power, sweep velocity, powder sending quantity and remelting measure, and is not enough below existing:
At first, laser processing parameter is that the comprehensive action of parameter is not separate to the influence of pore, and exists between each parameter and be closely connected, and is quite complicated even harshness very to pore problem adjustment laser processing parameter therefore.
Secondly, result of study shows mostly, though can improve the inner pore problem of structural part through laser remolten, effect is unsatisfactory, still has a large amount of pores residual.In addition, because the shaped structure spare number of plies is more, remelting successively will increase the complicacy of process control greatly; Have a strong impact on working (machining) efficiency; And reflow process very easily increases the structural part internal stress, and other defect such as aggravation crackle etc., is unfavorable for very much the performance of structural part.
At last, no matter be adjustment machined parameters or laser remolten, all will great effect be arranged to the macro morphology of structural part itself, microtexture, bonding strength, element ablation etc.Therefore want that improving pore through process means tends to draw other problems, even lose the original use value of structural part.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving the pore problem in the laser near-net-shape aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member process, and avoids the defective that exists in the existing method, in shaping, makes the fusing of aluminum oxide ti powder keep the SiC powder through ordering parameter and melts state.The reason that can reduce void content in the laser near-net-shape aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member is:
1, in the rapidly solidification process, therefore molten SiC particle thermal expansivity can being heated of inhibited oxidation aluminium titanium crystal grain grow and the cooling shrinkage degree less than the aluminum oxide titanium, avoids shrinking in the process of cooling macroscopic cavitation of being caused;
2, the second not introducing of molten additive mutually can make the gas that produces in the laser near-net-shape process discharged by crystal boundary;
3, no cofusing particle gets in the molten bath and can the stirring that the molten bath produces be aggravated, and is beneficial to gas and discharges gas;
4, there is certain chemical reaction, can gaseous substance be consumed.
The object of the present invention is to provide the laser near-net-shape method of low porosity aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member; Not only can improve the pore problem of aluminum oxide titanium structural part fairly obviously; And avoided the introducing of other defect; Simplified the complicacy of process control and machined parameters adjustment, enhanced productivity.
Be the realization above-mentioned purpose, the laser near-net-shape method of low porosity aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member, concrete technical scheme may further comprise the steps:
A, for improving shaping bond quality and the flowability of powder in powder feeder, select the ball-aluminium oxide ti powder of 20～90 μ m, add the SiC powder of 5～25wt.% granularity of the same race and shape, carry out drying treatment at drying baker after utilizing ball mill to mix.
B, the composite powder of handling well is put into powder feeder, the operating distance of the relative substrate surface of adjustment laser Machining head lowermost end is 9～12mm, makes laser spot can cover the focus of flow of powder, and powder is fully utilized.
For guaranteeing that the fusing of aluminum oxide ti powder keeps the not molten state of SiC powder, the adjustment laser parameter: laser power is 150～270W, and sweep velocity is 200～500mm/min, and powder sending quantity is 0.99～2.14g/min in C, the processing.
D, open rare gas element; Processing provides powder feeding power and gas shield in order to be shaped; Priority starts powder feeder and laser apparatus forms processing to the aluminum oxide titanium ceramic powder that has added the SiC powder, on substrate, produces the drip molding that satisfies dimensional requirement, accomplishes processing.
Wherein, the described rare gas element of step D can adopt argon gas, and its purity generally is not less than 99.9%, can the gas shield atmosphere be provided, anti-oxidation for powder feeding provides enough power also to can be shaping manufacturing.
Solid continuous wave laser of the present invention adopts Nd:YAG solid continuous wave laser.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the technical process of being adopted among the present invention is compared with the scheme of reporting in the past, can solve the pore problem in the laser near-net-shape ceramic member more completely, and effect is obvious especially, has realized the laser near-net-shape of low porosity aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member;
2, the technical process of being adopted among the present invention is compared with the scheme of reporting in the past; Only need before shaping, to mix the SiC powder; Save the process that laser processing parameter is optimized; The complicacy that reduced parameter is optimized has not only enlarged the feasible parameter area in the forming process, has also improved the production efficiency of laser near-net-shape;
3, the technical process of being adopted among the present invention is compared with the scheme of reporting in the past, when the pore problem is resolved, also avoids other influences that cause therefrom.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the laser near-net-shape device synoptic diagram of low porosity aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member.
Among the figure: 1 solid continuous wave laser, 2 Transmission Fibers, 3 laser Machining heads, 4 laser beams, 5 drip moldings, 6 substrates, 7 powder feeders, 8 rare gas elementes.
Fig. 2 (a) is the aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member internal porosity figure that does not add the SiC powder.
Among the figure: dark color is a pore, and light color is the aluminum oxide titanium;
Fig. 2 (b) is the aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member internal porosity figure that adds the SiC powder.
Among the figure: white is the SiC no cofusing particle, and black is the aluminum oxide titanium.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified: as shown in Figure 1; The laser near-net-shape method of low porosity aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member; Embodiments of the invention require: the length of aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member is 17mm, and wide is 2mm, and height is 6mm; Adopt JK1002 type Nd:YAG solid continuous wave laser that the aluminum oxide ti powder is carried out the laser near-net-shape, concrete forming step is following:
A, select the subsphaeroidal aluminum oxide titanium of 42～90 μ m as requested, add the SiC of 10wt.%, the powder that proportioning is good mixes 24h in planetary ball mill after, 100 ℃ times dry 4h in the electrothermic type air dry oven;
Before B, the processing forming board 6 is used sand papering, and use alcohol wash;
C, the composite powder that pre-treatment is good are put into powder feeder 7, and the operating distance on the relative substrate of adjustment laser Machining head 3 lowermost ends 6 surfaces is adjusted into 9mm;
D, adjustment laser processing parameter: laser power is 186W, and sweep velocity is 300mm/min, and powder sending quantity is 1.78g/min;
E, open rare gas element 8, adjustment powder feeding air pressure is 0.2MPa, and flow is 5L/min, and protection air pressure is 0.1MPa, and flow is 15L/min.Successively start powder feeder 7 and form processing with the aluminum oxide titanium ceramic powder that 1 pair in laser apparatus has added the SiC of 10wt.%; Laser Machining head 3 moves according to the path of programming in advance automatically, on substrate 6, produces the long 17mm that is, wide is 2mm; Height is thin molded 5 of 6mm, accomplishes processing.
The described baseplate material of step D of the present invention is the Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Claims (3)
1. the laser near-net-shape method of a low porosity aluminum oxide titanium ceramic member is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
The ball-aluminium oxide ti powder of A, selection 20～90 μ m is added the SiC powder of same granularity of 5～25wt.% and shape, mixes and drying treatment;
B, the composite powder that pre-treatment is good are put into powder feeder, and the operating distance of the relative substrate surface of adjustment laser Machining head lowermost end is 9～12mm, make laser spot cover the focus of flow of powder, and powder is fully utilized;
For guaranteeing that the fusing of aluminum oxide ti powder keeps the not molten state of SiC powder, the adjustment laser parameter: laser power is 150～270W, and sweep velocity is 200～500mm/min, and powder sending quantity is 0.99～2.14g/min in C, the processing;
D, open rare gas element, successively start powder feeder and laser apparatus the aluminum oxide titanium ceramic powder that has added the SiC powder is formed processing, on substrate, produce the drip molding that satisfies dimensional requirement, accomplish processing.
2. laser near-net-shape method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said rare gas element is an argon gas, and its purity is not less than 99.9%.
3. laser near-net-shape method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described solid continuous wave laser adopts Nd:YAG solid continuous wave laser.
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| CN 201210114455 CN102627472B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Laser near net shaping method of low-porosity titanium alumina ceramic piece |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103159484A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-19 | 大连理工大学 | Laser near-net forming method for ZrO2 and SiC compound mixed toughening Al2O3 base ceramic piece |
| CN103204683A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-07-17 | 大连理工大学 | Laser near-net forming method for Al2O3 ceramic parts different in colors |
| CN110642606A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-03 | 天津城建大学 | Method for improving reflectivity of light-gathering cavity of alumina ceramic |
Citations (3)
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| WO2002020251A2 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2002-03-14 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Procedures for rapid build and improved surface characteristics in layered manufacture |
| US6459951B1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2002-10-01 | Sandia Corporation | Direct laser additive fabrication system with image feedback control |
| US20080008894A1 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Siemens Power Generation, Inc. | Rapid prototyping of ceramic articles |
-
2012
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6459951B1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2002-10-01 | Sandia Corporation | Direct laser additive fabrication system with image feedback control |
| WO2002020251A2 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2002-03-14 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Procedures for rapid build and improved surface characteristics in layered manufacture |
| US20050131570A1 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2005-06-16 | Jamalabad Vikram R. | Procedures for rapid build and improved surface characteristics in layered manufacture |
| US20080008894A1 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Siemens Power Generation, Inc. | Rapid prototyping of ceramic articles |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| MITUN DAS 等: "Laser processing of SiC-particle-feinforced coating on titanium", 《SCRIPTA MATERIALIA》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103159484A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-19 | 大连理工大学 | Laser near-net forming method for ZrO2 and SiC compound mixed toughening Al2O3 base ceramic piece |
| CN103159484B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-08-27 | 大连理工大学 | Laser near-net forming method for ZrO2 and SiC compound mixed toughening Al2O3 base ceramic piece |
| CN103204683A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-07-17 | 大连理工大学 | Laser near-net forming method for Al2O3 ceramic parts different in colors |
| CN103204683B (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 大连理工大学 | Laser near-net forming method for Al2O3 ceramic parts different in colors |
| CN110642606A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-03 | 天津城建大学 | Method for improving reflectivity of light-gathering cavity of alumina ceramic |
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| CN102627472B (en) | 2013-07-10 |
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