CN102623926B - Distant equipotential tackle and method for realizing charged equipotential access by using same - Google Patents
Distant equipotential tackle and method for realizing charged equipotential access by using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102623926B CN102623926B CN201210087461.8A CN201210087461A CN102623926B CN 102623926 B CN102623926 B CN 102623926B CN 201210087461 A CN201210087461 A CN 201210087461A CN 102623926 B CN102623926 B CN 102623926B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- equipotential
- coaster
- distant place
- tower
- protection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
- Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a distant equipotential tackle and a method for realizing charged equipotential access by using the same. The method comprises the following steps of: mounting the distant equipotential tackle on a 500kV compact line or a conductor line of a middle-phase small tower window of a 500kV cat-head tower; moving the distant equipotential tackle to an external position being over 5 meters away from an insulator string wire clip; using the conductor line as an anchor point; and towing a seat hanging basket by a motorized winch through an insulation steering tackle arranged on the distant equipotential tackle so as to feed or withdraw equipotential operating personnel to or from an equipotential position at a distant position outside a pole/tower. With the adoption of the distant equipotential tackle and the method for realizing the charged equipotential access by using the same, the operating personnel can carry out charged operation on a 500kV compact single-circuit line or a 500kV compact same-tower double-circuit line and a line of the middle-phase small tower window of the 500kV cat-head tower, and the demand for charged repair of transmission lines is ensured.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to the tool device of the charged repairing of a kind of ultra-high-tension power transmission line, particularly a kind of equipotential distant place of phase trourelle curtain heading tape electricity turnover equipotential coaster of realizing in 500 kilovolts of compact lines or 500kV cat-head transmission tower.
background technology
Adopt 500 kilovolts of circuit compact transmission technology, more traditional circuit improves ability to transmit electricity 35.34%, every kilometer accounts for 27.4 mu, power transmission corridor less, can reduce in a large number forest felling, young crops reparation and housing demolition amount, have transmission capacity large, save power transmission corridor, reduce the wastage, the advantage such as economic and social benefit is remarkable.Recent 500 kilovolts of circuit compact transmission technology are used widely in China's extra-high voltage transmission.
Live line working is to reduce interruption duration, improves equipment availability coefficient, the effective means improving the economic and social benefits.500 kilovolts of compact lists return, compact Compact Type Double Circuit Transmission Line three-phase conducting wire is arranged in same tower window, and insulator string fitting assembly is complicated, and space is narrower.The person that use equipotential method of direct turnover below shaft tower insulator string cannot meet < < electrical safe working order > > regulation should keep being not less than the combinational gap required distance of 4 meters with earth electrode and electrified body.
Chinese patent 201010609060 discloses a kind of realization strand mill hanging basket guide rail distant place turnover compact line equipotential method and device thereof, is by using insulating guide rail rope, insulation pull rope, motor-driven grinding mill, wire grip, angle bar stake, insulating guide rail coaster and hanging basket to be assembled.On the wire of one end of described insulating guide rail rope and operation phase, cross-arm is connected, the other end by wire grip be arranged in outside shaft tower miter angle, along line direction, and the angle bar stake below operation phase conductor subpoint connects, tighten up wire grip and make insulating guide rail rope stressed, and the wire outside wire clamp intersects with the wire of operation phase.Insulating guide rail coaster is connected with hanging basket, and be arranged on insulating guide rail rope, use motor-driven grinding mill traction insulation pull rope that hanging basket is at the uniform velocity promoted along insulating guide rail rope, operating personnel is sent or exited to wire, realize that 500 kilovolts of compact lists return, a compact common-tower double-return circuit trourelle window shaft tower distant place enters current potential.
Said method and device thereof exist following three to implement a difficult problem:
1, operation needs comparatively smooth landform commodiously.500 kilovolts of general tower heights of compact line are 30 meters to 50 meters, operation phase conductor subpoint arranged beneath angle bar stake that need to be outside the direction shaft tower miter angle of fair line road when said method is implemented, make it cross-arm insulating guide rail rope on the wire with operation phase and be connected, form hanging basket distant place turnover equipotential passage.Operation implements to need shaft tower landform of living in to have 30 meters to 50 meters smooth landform commodiously and on suitable line direction, these most shaft towers in the large mountain areas of living in, 500 kilovolts of compact line corridors of many south electric networks such as South-West Yunnan, the southeast of Guizhou Province, Gui Xi, Gui Bei cannot be implemented.
2, power tool, device, mechanical various.Said method is by being used insulating guide rail rope, insulation pull rope, motor-driven grinding mill, wire grip, angle bar stake, insulating guide rail coaster and hanging basket to be assembled.In ungetable large mountain areas, implement to drop into a large amount of human and material resources.
3, operation procedure is numerous and diverse.Said method is implemented to be assembled by multi-mode operation instrument, device, machinery, and operation layout is multi-point and wide-ranging, and program is numerous and diverse, and operation process is careless slightly, likely causes the generation of personal injury or equipment breakdown.
Chinese patent 200920125663 discloses an a kind of distant place and has entered equipotential dedicated pulley, that distant place equipotential coaster is moved out to the distance outside 5 meters outside insulator string wire clamp, utilize wire as anchor point, equal potential working personnel take hanging basket by the insulation corner block installed on the equipotential coaster of a distant place by motor-driven grinding mill traction, realize operating personnel 500 kilovolts of compact lists return or common-tower double-return circuit on a distant place enter equipotential.
Said method and device thereof exist following two to implement a difficult problem:
When 1, an existing distant place enters the use of equipotential gin block, the suffered concentrated stress of wire is larger, easily damage wires.
2, to enter equipotential gin block diameter less in a distant place, cannot, by the wire of stockbridge damper is installed, fail comprehensively general on the line.
summary of the invention
In 500 kilovolts of compact lines or 500kV cat-head transmission tower, phase trourelle window wire adopts bundle conductor design, bundle conductor is generally positive square or regular hexagon is arranged, utilize above-mentioned line design feature, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the distant place equipotential coaster of phase trourelle window in 500 kilovolts of compact lines of a kind of charged turnover or 500kV cat-head transmission tower is provided and realizes the equipotential method of charged turnover, be applicable to 500 kilovolts of compact lines, comprise compact list return with common-tower double-return compact type circuit or 500kV cat-head transmission tower in the equal potential working of phase trourelle window, solve a difficult problem for the rush repair of compact transmission line, guarantee the needs of the charged repairing of transmission line.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: the equipotential distant place of a kind of charged turnover equipotential coaster, by pressing line pulley, coaster protective plate, coaster protection hanging hole, insulation corner block hanging hole, formed, described pressing line pulley is distributed in the both sides of distant place equipotential coaster, inside and outside protective plate is installed respectively in both sides at pressing line pulley, prevents the moving process job-hopping on wire of distant place equipotential coaster; Coaster protection hanging hole is positioned at the center of distant place equipotential coaster, is connected protection distant place equipotential coaster prevents from falling with it by insulating cord with cross arm of tower; Insulation corner block hanging hole is arranged on the below of coaster protection hanging hole, for installing, always pulls round coaster.Described distant place equipotential coaster is by being installed on the divisural line at 5 meters of, shaft tower outside, by tower and Ground Operation personnel control and protection, realizes equal potential working personnel and enters or exit compact line equipotential along an insulated flexible ladder distant place.
Described distant place equipotential coaster and realize the equipotential method of charged turnover, comprises the steps:
1, the equipotential distant place of described charged turnover equipotential coaster is installed in 500 kilovolts of compact lines or 500kV cat-head transmission tower on phase trourelle window wire, and described distant place equipotential coaster is moved out to the distance outside 5 meters outside insulator string wire clamp, utilize wire as anchor point, equal potential working personnel take hanging basket by the insulation corner block of installing on the equipotential coaster of a distant place by motor-driven grinding mill traction, realize operating personnel 500 kilovolts of compact lists return or common-tower double-return circuit on a distant place enter equipotential, exit equipotential program contrary.
2, described distant place equipotential coaster arranges two pressing line pulleys by employing and is installed on two oidiospore wires; the injury of the centralized load of the single pressing line pulley of minimizing use to wire; the both sides of overload pressing line pulley arrange interior outer casing; prevent that pressing line pulley from use job-hoping and falling; protection operating personnel personal safety; the center that insulation corner block hanging point is arranged on coaster is at the center of two oidiospore wires; convenient working personnel enter or exit equipotential; reduce labour intensity, increase work efficiency.
3, at the supratrochlear coaster protection of described distant place equipotential hanging hole installing insulating protection rope, and be connected with shaft tower, be fixed on shaft tower, prevent that pressing line pulley from falling, utilize insulation protection rop exercise control to install or remove pressing line pulley simultaneously; Installing insulating protection rope on the total pull rope of insulation in insulation below corner block, and being connected with shaft tower, is fixed on shaft tower, outside meeting appears in the corner block that prevents from insulating and total pull rope that makes to insulate falls; Personnel take hanging basket rise enter or exit equipotential process by ground staff by " small slide " using the main material of pole and tower foundation as anchor point protection control; personal falling protective rope when rising or declining for equal potential working personnel, reaches job safety, convenient, efficient object.
The technique effect that the present invention reaches:
1, by distant place equipotential coaster is installed apart from 5.0 meters of, shaft tower outside on bundle conductor, enter or exit equipotential, increase the distance of equal potential working personnel and tower grounding member, to meet combinational gap that the operating personnel person and tower grounding body and electrified body formed, meet < < electrical safe working order > > and be not less than the requirement of 4.0 meters, greatly improve operational security.
2, equipotential coaster in a distant place arranges two pressing line pulleys by employing and is installed on two oidiospore wires; the injury of the centralized load of the single pressing line pulley of minimizing use to wire; cross in the both sides of pressing line pulley interior outer casing is set; prevent that pressing line pulley from falling in use procedure job-hopping; protection operating personnel personal safety, the center that insulation corner block hanging point is arranged on coaster is at the center of two oidiospore wires, and convenient working personnel enter or exit equipotential; reduce labour intensity, increase work efficiency.
3, the protection of equipotential coaster upper pulley protection hanging hole installing insulating is restricted in the distance, and is connected with shaft tower, is fixed on shaft tower, prevents that pressing line pulley from falling, and utilizes insulation protection rop exercise control to install or remove pressing line pulley simultaneously; Installing insulating protection rope on the total pull rope of insulation in insulation below corner block, and being connected with shaft tower, is fixed on shaft tower, outside meeting appears in the corner block that prevents from insulating and total pull rope that makes to insulate falls; Personnel take hanging basket rise enter or exit equipotential process by ground staff by " small slide " using the main material of pole and tower foundation as anchor point protection control; personal falling protective rope when rising or declining for equal potential working personnel, makes operating personnel all the time under shielded safe condition.
4, the distant place equipotential coaster through particular design processing can have free passage on the bundle conductor that stockbridge damper is installed, and reduces workload and the labour intensity removing and recover hammer for preventing conductor from vibration, thereby effectively increases work efficiency.
5, by distant place equipotential coaster is installed apart from 5.0 meters of, shaft tower outside on bundle conductor, with pole and tower foundation shape in an angle, the insulation pull rope that can utilize pole and tower foundation to rise as transmission personnel and decline and as the anchor point that turns to of the motor-driven grinding mill of power traction, solves mountain areas operation special show with a varied topography and arranges difficult problem.
6, use motor-driven as power traction, at the uniform velocity lifting or decline hanging basket, alleviate the labour intensity that equal potential working personnel climb shaft tower or rope ladder, reach job safety, convenient, efficient object.
accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of Fig. 1 distant place of the present invention equipotential coaster.
The vertical view of Fig. 2 distant place of the present invention equipotential coaster.
The left view of Fig. 3 distant place of the present invention equipotential coaster.
Fig. 4 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
The scene application schematic diagram of Fig. 5 distant place of the present invention equipotential coaster.
embodiment
By drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further below:
As shown in Figure 1; a distant place of the present invention equipotential coaster, is assembled by the first pressing line pulley 1, the second pressing line pulley 2, the first coaster protection outside plate 3, the first coaster protection inner panel 7, the second coaster protection outside plate 4, the second coaster protection inner panel 8, coaster protection hanging hole 5, insulation corner block hanging hole 6, the first pressing line pulley axle 9 and the second pressing line pulley axle 10.
The first pressing line pulley 1 and the second pressing line pulley 2 are distributed in the both sides of distant place equipotential coaster, in the both sides of the first pressing line pulley 1 and the second pressing line pulley 2, be separately installed with the first coaster protection outside plate 3, the first coaster protection inner panel 7 and the second coaster protection outside plate 4, the second coaster protection inner panel 8, prevent the moving process job-hopping on wire of distant place equipotential coaster; Coaster protection hanging hole 5 is positioned at the center of distant place equipotential coaster, is connected protection distant place equipotential coaster prevents from falling with it by insulating cord with cross arm of tower; Insulation corner block hanging hole 6 is arranged on the below of coaster protection hanging hole, for installing, always pulls round coaster.Described distant place equipotential coaster is by being installed on the divisural line at 5 meters of, shaft tower outside, by tower and Ground Operation personnel control and protection, realizes equal potential working personnel and enters or exit compact line equipotential along an insulated flexible ladder distant place.
Contrast Fig. 5, a distant place of the present invention equipotential coaster is realized the equipotential method of charged turnover, and field conduct step is:
1, ground staff assembles distant place equipotential coaster: installing insulating protection rope 16, the corner block 11 that will insulate, total pull rope 12 that insulate, hanging basket 13 and distant place equipotential coaster assembly and connection on coaster protection hanging hole 5, and insulation corner block protection rope 17 is arranged on the total pull rope 12 of insulation by shackle.
2, ground staff passes to distant place equipotential coaster on cross arm of tower 18, by operating personnel on tower, distant place equipotential coaster is installed in 500 kilovolts of compact lines or 500kV cat-head transmission tower on phase trourelle window oidiospore wire 10, and the first pressing line pulley 1 is pressed on bundle conductor 14, the second pressing line pulley 2 is pressed on bundle conductor 15, ground staff pulls the total pull rope 12 of insulation, and distant place equipotential coaster is moved on the wire at 5.0 meters of, shaft tower outside.
2, on tower, personnel are fixed on insulation protection rope 16 and corner block protection rope 17 on cross arm of tower 18; equal potential working personnel are seated in hanging basket 13; motor-driven grinding mill operator starts motor-driven grinding mill and affects the total pull rope 12 of insulation; at the uniform velocity promote or decline; operating personnel is sent or is exited to wire; realize 500kV compact line, comprise that 500kV compact list returns with common-tower double-return circuit or a cat-head transmission tower trourelle window shaft tower distant place to enter current potential.
3, operating personnel is entering or is exiting equipotential process; by insulation protection rope 16, corner block, protect rope 17 and transmit by insulation the protection system that rope is assembled into; by ground staff, control whole process protection, make operating personnel enter or exit equipotential process all the time in shielded safe condition taking hanging basket.
Claims (1)
1. a distant place equipotential coaster is realized the equipotential method of charged turnover; it is characterized in that; this coaster is comprised of pressing line pulley, coaster protective plate, coaster protection hanging hole, insulation corner block hanging hole; described pressing line pulley is distributed in the both sides of distant place equipotential coaster; inside and outside protective plate is installed respectively in both sides at pressing line pulley; coaster protection hanging hole is positioned at the center of distant place equipotential coaster; insulation corner block hanging hole is arranged on the below of coaster protection hanging hole; distant place equipotential coaster is realized the equipotential method of charged turnover, comprises the steps:
1.1 install the equipotential distant place of described charged turnover equipotential coaster in 500 kilovolts of compact lines or 500kV cat-head transmission tower on phase trourelle window wire, and described distant place equipotential coaster is moved out to the distance outside 5 meters outside insulator string wire clamp, utilize wire as anchor point, equal potential working personnel take hanging basket by the insulation corner block of installing on the equipotential coaster of a distant place by motor-driven grinding mill traction, realize operating personnel 500 kilovolts of compact lists return or common-tower double-return circuit on a distant place enter equipotential, exit equipotential program contrary;
Described in 1.2, equipotential coaster in a distant place arranges two pressing line pulleys by employing and is installed on two oidiospore wires, the injury of the centralized load of the single pressing line pulley of minimizing use to wire, and in the both sides of pressing line pulley, interior outer casing is set, prevent that pressing line pulley from use job-hoping and falling;
1.3 at the supratrochlear coaster protection of described distant place equipotential hanging hole installing insulating protection rope, and is connected with shaft tower, is fixed on shaft tower, prevents that pressing line pulley from falling, and utilizes insulation protection rop exercise control to install or remove pressing line pulley simultaneously; Installing insulating protection rope on the total pull rope of insulation in insulation below corner block, and being connected with shaft tower, is fixed on shaft tower, and the corner block that prevents from insulating occurs surprisingly and total pull rope that makes to insulate falls; Personnel take hanging basket rise enter or exit equipotential process by ground staff by " small slide " using the main material of pole and tower foundation as anchor point protection control, the personal falling protective rope when rising or declining for equal potential working personnel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210087461.8A CN102623926B (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2012-03-29 | Distant equipotential tackle and method for realizing charged equipotential access by using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210087461.8A CN102623926B (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2012-03-29 | Distant equipotential tackle and method for realizing charged equipotential access by using same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102623926A CN102623926A (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| CN102623926B true CN102623926B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
Family
ID=46563671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210087461.8A Active CN102623926B (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2012-03-29 | Distant equipotential tackle and method for realizing charged equipotential access by using same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102623926B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106129898B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-01-02 | 国网山东省电力公司经济技术研究院 | One kind changes ground wire and crosses over servicing unit |
| CN106684757B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2018-12-11 | 国网河南省电力公司检修公司 | Extra-high voltage electrified operation is along anchor support insulator chain into electric field moving trolley |
| CN108074280B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-09-03 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Method for simulating moving track of hanging basket in equipotential live working of high-voltage transmission line |
| CN109061358B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2021-10-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for testing single-phase instantaneous grounding short circuit of power transmission line |
| CN109406930A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-01 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of method that U-shaped short-circuit test device is installed in livewire work |
| CN109212361A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-15 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power transmission line phase fault test method and system |
| CN110265914B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2022-10-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Device and method for entering alternating-current extra-high voltage composite cross arm line equipotential in live line |
| CN110943396B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-04-12 | 国家电网有限公司 | Operation method for live access equipotential of power transmission line in river network area |
| CN111668756A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-15 | 云南电网有限责任公司红河供电局 | 220kV straight line cement pole electrified operation tool for replacing insulator string |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201466576U (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2010-05-12 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司天生桥局 | Special pulley for remote access equipotentially |
| CN101728787A (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-06-09 | 国网电力科学研究院 | Equipotential access method of 500kV same-tower four-circuit transmission line tangent tower live-wire work |
| CN202550399U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-11-21 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司百色局 | Distant equipotential tackle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080024845A (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-19 | 한국전기공사협회 | Approaching method to live line in transmission towers |
-
2012
- 2012-03-29 CN CN201210087461.8A patent/CN102623926B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101728787A (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-06-09 | 国网电力科学研究院 | Equipotential access method of 500kV same-tower four-circuit transmission line tangent tower live-wire work |
| CN201466576U (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2010-05-12 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司天生桥局 | Special pulley for remote access equipotentially |
| CN202550399U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-11-21 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司百色局 | Distant equipotential tackle |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 带电作业进入等电位方式点评;李如虎;《南方电网技术》;20090430;第3卷(第2期);59-61 * |
| 李如虎.带电作业进入等电位方式点评.《南方电网技术》.2009,第3卷(第2期),59-61. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102623926A (en) | 2012-08-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102623926B (en) | Distant equipotential tackle and method for realizing charged equipotential access by using same | |
| CN102136693B (en) | Method and device for realizing long-distance equal electric potential access of winch hanging basket guide rail | |
| CN201523180U (en) | 500kV power transmission line overhead ground wire flying car | |
| CN202550399U (en) | Distant equipotential tackle | |
| CN103779809B (en) | The two oidiospore wire pitch operational method of charged adjustment | |
| CN205882560U (en) | Special circulation cord rack device of distribution live working earth potential | |
| CN204376311U (en) | The heavy electric power cable high-altitude of lifting formula is handed over across unfolding device | |
| CN103199474B (en) | Method for 500KV large cross-section wire hot-line installation of phase to phase spacers | |
| CN203690799U (en) | Device for replacing suspension angle tower insulator string in live state | |
| CN103855642A (en) | 10 KV tackle type grounding wire | |
| CN203039288U (en) | 10kV pulley-type ground wire | |
| CN206022675U (en) | Universal shaped cable clamp earth lead | |
| CN104314352A (en) | Compact composite material power transmission line tower | |
| CN201984860U (en) | Stretch-proof cable | |
| CN103532052A (en) | Live erection of simple crossing structure on ADSS (all-dielectric self-supporting optic fiber cable) and implementation method | |
| CN203166445U (en) | Device using coupling ground line to reduce lightning trip-out rate of transmission line | |
| CN104600623A (en) | High-altitude crossover releasing device for lifting type heavy power cable | |
| CN202840449U (en) | Tower shunt wire drawing and copper grounding structure | |
| CN202424088U (en) | Socket spanner special for charged installation of arrester in ground potential | |
| CN206293856U (en) | A kind of copper-alloy stranded conductor bracing cable is pressed from both sides | |
| CN204835361U (en) | Electric power system overhead line work auxiliary assembly | |
| CN204174992U (en) | Composite material compact transmission line shaft tower | |
| CN203553771U (en) | Pulley fixing plate applied to overhead line stringing | |
| CN205081393U (en) | Electrified insulator chain lifting mechanism | |
| CN103296613A (en) | Hot-line working limit orbital cabin |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |