CN102621768A - N-bit optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro ring resonator - Google Patents
N-bit optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro ring resonator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102621768A CN102621768A CN2012100776583A CN201210077658A CN102621768A CN 102621768 A CN102621768 A CN 102621768A CN 2012100776583 A CN2012100776583 A CN 2012100776583A CN 201210077658 A CN201210077658 A CN 201210077658A CN 102621768 A CN102621768 A CN 102621768A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an N-bit optical digital-to-analog converter based on a micro ring resonator. The N-bit optical digital-to-analog converter comprises N optical beam splitters and N micro ring resonators, wherein each optical beam splitter comprises a first input waveguide, a first output waveguide and a second output waveguide; the second output waveguides are connected with the input waveguide of a next optical beam splitter, and are cascaded gradually; a last second output waveguide is suspended; each micro ring resonator is provided with a silicon-based nano wire micro ring, an input waveguide, a through waveguide and a public downloading waveguide; the input waveguides are connected with the first output waveguides of adjacent optical beam splitters; N micro ring resonators share a public downloading waveguide; digital signals to be converted are N voltage signals which are loaded on the N micro ring resonators respectively; and light signals output by the public downloading waveguide are analog signals which are converted from digital signals, and can directly enter a next stage for operating and can be access a photoelectric detector from the public downloading waveguide to directly read out a calculation result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator; This optical digital-to-analog converter utilize optics intrinsic advantage accomplish the digital-to-analog conversion of N position digital signal, thereby make optical digital-to-analog converter replace the electricity digital to analog converter to be achieved.Especially, this device is realized the digital-to-analog conversion function with a kind of silicon-based integrated micro-ring resonator of compact conformation, is expected in photoelectricity digital-to-analogue commingled system in the future, play a role.
Background technology
Along with science and technology development, increasingly high requirement has been proposed for the speed and the capacity of information processing, like this; Traditional electrical signal is handled means and is being shown increasing limitation aspect speed and the power consumption, and optical signalling is handled the new approach as a kind of signal Processing, because the natural characteristic of optical instrument; Shown the not available advantage of electricity means; Fast like speed, low in energy consumption, concurrency is good etc.
Digital to analog converter is the critical component in electronics and the Photoelectric Signal Processing, and in a lot of Photoelectric Signal Processing systems, digital signal must convert simulating signal to and just can further handle and transmit, and optical digital-to-analog converter just seems very important like this.Compare with the electricity means, optical instrument speed is fast, and bandwidth is high, and volume is little, and a lot of advantages are arranged.
The invention belongs to optoelectronic information and handle category, thereby the N figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter based on micro-ring resonator that the present invention proposes is exactly to utilize the mode of optics to realize that the N position digital signal improves the speed of destiny mould conversion greatly to the conversion of simulating signal.Optical mode realizes that the great advantage of digital-to-analog conversion is: it is big that each element to be converted is separate, time-delay is little, degree of parallelism is high, data gulp down tolerance, and this is that natural quality by light determines.
Digital to analog converter based on integrated optics is compatible at process aspect with CMOS technology; Be easy to realize integrated on a large scale, power consumption is lower, volume is little, time-delay is little, speed is fast, possibly bring into play important effect at the processor unit of high-performance photon computing machine in the near future.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator; It is to utilize optical principle to realize the device of N figure place mould conversion; In order to solve problems such as speed in traditional electricity digital to analog converter, time-delay, power consumption, volume; Improve the speed of digital-to-analog conversion in the electro-optical system, reduce volume, reduce power consumption and cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator, comprising:
N beam splitter, each beam splitter all comprises an input waveguide, one first output waveguide; One second output waveguide; Second output waveguide of each beam splitter all links to each other with the input waveguide of next beam splitter, cascade step by step, and second output waveguide of N beam splitter is unsettled;
N micro-ring resonator, each micro-ring resonator all have the little ring of a silica-based nanowire, an input waveguide; One straight-through waveguide; One public download waveguide, the input waveguide of each micro-ring resonator all link to each other with first output waveguide of the beam splitter that faces mutually, and N the public carrier wave once of micro-ring resonator led;
The input waveguide of first beam splitter; The signal of input is N the constant light signal that wavelength is different; The resonance wavelength of each in the corresponding N of each wavelength difference micro-ring resonator; Digital signal to be converted is for being carried in N the voltage signal of the N on the micro-ring resonator respectively; From the light signal of public download waveguide output be the simulating signal of coming from the digital signal conversion, carries out computing and also can directly read result of calculation at public download waveguide access photodetector thereby this light signal can directly get into next stage.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: utilized the optical digital-to-analog converter of the natural characteristic realization of light to replace traditional electricity digital to analog converter, thereby can realize the parallel computation of high-speed high capacity.Utilize ready-made technology, make device volume little, low in energy consumption, favorable expandability is convenient to electricity component integrated.This makes the present invention in electronics and photoelectron number analog/mixed signal disposal system, good application prospects arranged.
Description of drawings
For the purpose that makes the invention described above, implementation, advantage etc. are more clear understandable, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment specifies as after, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of N position optical digital-to-analog converter;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a beam splitter among Fig. 1, and this beam splitter is the y-branch coupling mechanism;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a micro-ring resonator among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is to be example with 4 optical digital-to-analog converters, the signal code shape figure of drafting, and N is big more, and the interval of the analog optical signal of output is more little, and is level and smooth more.
Embodiment
With reference to shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator, comprising:
N beam splitter 1-N (consult Fig. 2, show the structure of a beam splitter), each beam splitter 1-N comprises an input waveguide 11-N1; One first output waveguide 12-N2; One second output waveguide 13-N3, the second output waveguide 13-N3 of each beam splitter 1-N links to each other cascade step by step with the input waveguide 11-N1 of next beam splitter 1-N; The second output waveguide N3 of N beam splitter is unsettled, and wherein said beam splitter 1-N is the y-branch coupling mechanism;
N micro-ring resonator M1-MN (consults Fig. 3; The structure that shows a micro-ring resonator); Each micro-ring resonator M1-MN has the little ring of silica-based nanowire M10-MN0, an input waveguide M11-MN1, a straight-through waveguide M12-MN2; One public download waveguide MS; The input waveguide M11-MN1 of each micro-ring resonator M1-MN links to each other with the first output waveguide 12-N2 of the beam splitter 1-N that faces mutually, and N public one of micro-ring resonator M1-MN downloads waveguide MS, and wherein N micro-ring resonator M1-MN has heat modulation mechanism or electrical modulation mechanism 100 respectively;
The input waveguide 11 of first beam splitter 1; The signal of input is N the constant light signal that wavelength is different; The resonance wavelength of each among corresponding N micro-ring resonator 1-N of each wavelength difference; Digital signal to be converted is for being carried in N the voltage signal of the N on the micro-ring resonator 1-N respectively; This N to be converted voltage signal acts on N micro-ring resonator M1-MN through modulation mechanism respectively, and the definition voltage signal is that low level is a logic ' 0 ', and voltage signal is that high level is a logic ' 1 '; This N to be converted voltage signal is defined as the mode of action of separately micro-ring resonator M1-MN: among the micro-ring resonator M1-MN institute's making alive signal be logical one at operating wave strong point resonance, the light signal of output is coupled to public download waveguide MS output; Among the micro-ring resonator M1-MN institute's making alive signal be logical zero at operating wave strong point resonance not; Light signal is from straight-through waveguide M12-MN2 output; Each logical value of this N to be converted voltage signal is accurately alignment in time; It is each logical value precise synchronization in time; From the light signal of public download waveguide MS output be the simulating signal of coming from the digital signal conversion, carries out computing and also can directly read result of calculation at public download waveguide MS access photodetector thereby this light signal can directly get into next stage.
The present invention adopts the silicon materials preparation on the insulator.
Beam splitter shown in Figure 2 is the y-branch coupling mechanism; Through the parameters such as angle between well-designed two output waveguides; Make the light signal strength that obtains in first output waveguide and second output waveguide through the beam splitting of this device by the light signal of input waveguide input equate and loss less, promptly realize the light beam splitting of one-to-two.
Below through analyzing the transmission course of light signal light in micro-ring resonator shown in Figure 3, its principle of work of brief description:
For micro-ring resonator shown in Figure 3; Putative signal light is imported from input waveguide M1-MN; When flashlight during through coupled zone (a scope) at the nearest place of the little ring of straight wave guide and silica-based nanowire M10-MN0 ring curved waveguide; Flashlight is coupled among the little ring of the silica-based nanowire M10-MN0 through evanscent field coupling meeting, and the light signal among the little ring of the silica-based nanowire M10-MN0 also can be coupled among the public download waveguide MS through the evanscent field coupling, for satisfying condition of resonance (m * λ=N
gThe flashlight of * 2 π * R) can be coupled among the public download waveguide MS, from downloading waveguide MS output, exports at straight-through waveguide M12-MN2 for the coupled zone of passing through that the flashlight that does not satisfy condition of resonance will be had no effect.
Used N the micro-ring resonator M1-MN that resonance wavelength is different among the present invention, their resonance wavelength is designated as λ respectively
1, λ
2... λ
NBy condition of resonance formula (m * λ=N
g* 2 π * R) visible will obtain the different micro-ring resonator of resonance wavelength, can be through making the little ring radius R of silica-based nanowire, and the methods such as a series of micro-ring resonators that group index is different realize.The download waveguide of each micro-ring resonator links to each other; The download waveguide that is N micro-ring resonator M1-MN is public; Be designated as and download waveguide MS, like this, when light signal is downloaded by micro-ring resonator; The light signal that among the micro-ring resonator M1-MN one or several downloaded can import same download waveguide MS and output, detect will be wavelength different downloading light signal intensity with.
Last surface analysis be the quiescent operation characteristic of micro-ring resonator M1-MN, promptly micro-ring resonator M1-MN can make road under some wavelength signals (satisfying the wavelength of condition of resonance) regularly, some wavelength signals leads directly to (not satisfying the wavelength of condition of resonance).During real work, need micro-ring resonator resonance wavelength dynamic adjustable (being dynamic filter) to realize complicated more function.Through top condition of resonance formula (m * λ=N
g* 2 π * R) can see will regulate resonance wavelength to realize dynamic filter, and the physical quantity that can change has the radius R and the group index N thereof of the little ring of silica-based nanowire
gThe former just decides after technology is accomplished, and can't regulate.So can only be through regulating the group index N of disc waveguide
gChange the resonance wavelength of micro-ring resonator.Group index is relevant with the refractive index of material, changes with the variations in refractive index of material.Thereby the refractive index that we can take two kinds of methods to change material changes the group index of material: the one, through to material heating (concrete way is thermoae as heating through MOCVD deposit layer of metal in the silicon waveguide) thus the refractive index that changes the temperature change material of material that is to say so-called thermo-optic effect.The 2nd, inject the refractive index (electrooptical effect) that changes material through charge carrier.Generally in High Speed System, adopt electrooptical effect.The present invention mainly is a principle of work of utilizing thermo-optic effect funerary objects spare.Thereby we through thermoae to silicon waveguide heat the refractive index that changes material and can Dynamic Selection need download to the light signal of public download waveguide MS and need output to the light signal of straight-through waveguide M12-MN2; Make light signal dynamically exporting in public download waveguide MS output or at straight-through waveguide M12-MN2 under the control, thereby through thermoae loading level being changed the purpose that refractive index reaches the output trend of control signal light.
The structural representation of Fig. 1 optical digital-to-analog converter.Specifically introduce principle of work of the present invention below in conjunction with synoptic diagram:, establish its wavelength and be respectively λ from N flashlight that the wavelength varying strength is identical of first beam splitter 1 input waveguide, 11 inputs
1, λ
2... λ
N, use the purpose of multi-wavelength to be to prevent to interfere the generation mistake after light signal from different micro-ring resonators is coupled among the public download waveguide MS, the intensity of the light signal of this N wavelength all is I, total intensity is NI.Light is imported first beam splitter, 1 back and is exported by first output waveguide 12 and second output waveguide 13 by beam splitting, and the intensity of two-beam signal all is N1/2, and first output waveguide 12 wherein a branch of resonance wavelength that is input to is λ
1The input waveguide M11 of the first micro-ring resonator M1, when the voltage that is carried on the first micro-ring resonator M1 through modulation mechanism is high level, i.e. D
1=1 o'clock, the first micro-ring resonator M1 was to corresponding resonance wavelength
1Optical resonance, with its download to public download waveguide MS and output, when voltage is low level, i.e. D
1=0 o'clock, light can not be downloaded, from straight-through waveguide M12 output; Second output waveguide 13 is the input waveguide 21 that the light signal of N1/2 is input to second beam splitter 2 with other light intensity; This Shu Guang will be that intensity is that two bundles of N1/4 are exported from first output waveguide 22 and second output waveguide 23 respectively by beam splitting, and it is λ that first output waveguide 22 is input to resonance wavelength with a branch of light signal
2The input waveguide M21 of the second micro-ring resonator M2, same, when voltage is that high level is D
2=1 o'clock, it was λ that wavelength is arranged
2Intensity is that 1/4 light signal is downloaded to public download waveguide MS output, when voltage is low level, i.e. D
2=0 o'clock, light can not be downloaded, from straight-through waveguide M22 output; Another beam intensity is the input waveguide 31 that second output waveguide 23 of optical signals second beam splitter 2 of N1/4 is input to the 3rd beam splitter 3 ... Visible from top analysis discussion; To the i beam splitter; It is that the two-beam signal of N1/2 is from respectively from the first and second output waveguide i2 and i3 output that intensity will be arranged; The first output waveguide i2 is input to the input waveguide Mi1 of i micro-ring resonator Mi with a branch of light signal, when voltage is high level D
i=1 o'clock, it was that λ i intensity is that 1/4 light signal is downloaded among the public download waveguide MS and output that wavelength is arranged, when voltage is low level D
i=0 o'clock, light can not be downloaded, from straight-through waveguide Mi2 output.The intensity summation of the light signal that the intensity different wave length that it is thus clear that the light intensity of public download waveguide MS output is different micro-ring resonator to be downloaded is different, setting carrier wave, to lead the output signal strength of MS be I
0, according to the analysis of front, I
0Expression formula can be written as:
Convert metric definition, output intensity I to according to binary number
oBe by binary numeral D
1D
2l... D
NThe decimal system numerical value that converts to.Thereby utilize this device to accomplish the function that digital signal converts simulating signal to.
Need to prove: in the device course of work, electrical pulse sequence to be converted in time must precise synchronization.In High Speed System, need reach synchronous requirement through special electrode design, special placement-and-routing and electromagnetic compatibility analysis.
Fig. 4 is to be the oscillogram of example drafting with four optical digital-to-analog converters.
Above-described specific embodiment; The object of the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect have been carried out further explain, and institute it should be understood that the above is merely specific embodiment of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator comprises:
N beam splitter, each beam splitter all comprises an input waveguide, one first output waveguide; One second output waveguide; Second output waveguide of each beam splitter all links to each other with the input waveguide of next beam splitter, cascade step by step, and second output waveguide of N beam splitter is unsettled;
N micro-ring resonator, each micro-ring resonator all have the little ring of a silica-based nanowire, an input waveguide; One straight-through waveguide; One public download waveguide, the input waveguide of each micro-ring resonator all link to each other with first output waveguide of the beam splitter that faces mutually, and N the public carrier wave once of micro-ring resonator led;
The input waveguide of first beam splitter; The signal of input is N the constant light signal that wavelength is different; The resonance wavelength of each in the corresponding N of each wavelength difference micro-ring resonator; Digital signal to be converted is for being carried in N the voltage signal of the N on the micro-ring resonator respectively; From the light signal of public download waveguide output be the simulating signal of coming from the digital signal conversion, carries out computing and also can directly read result of calculation at public download waveguide access photodetector thereby this light signal can directly get into next stage.
2. the N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, wherein N micro-ring resonator has heat modulation mechanism or electrical modulation mechanism respectively.
3. the N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, beam splitter wherein is the y-branch coupling mechanism.
4. the N position optical digital-to-analog converter based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 1; A N wherein to be converted voltage signal acts on N micro-ring resonator through modulation mechanism respectively; The definition electric impulse signal is that low level is a logic ' 0 ', and electric impulse signal is that high level is a logic ' 1 '.
5. claim 1 or 4 described N position optical digital-to-analog converters based on micro-ring resonator; A N wherein to be converted voltage signal is defined as the mode of action of separately micro-ring resonator: in the micro-ring resonator institute's making alive signal be logical one at operating wave strong point resonance, the light signal of output is coupled to public download waveguide output; In the micro-ring resonator institute's making alive signal be logical zero at operating wave strong point resonance not, light signal is from straight-through waveguide output.
6. claim 1,4 or 5 described N position optical digital-to-analog converters based on micro-ring resonator, each logical value of a N wherein to be converted voltage signal are accurately alignment in time, i.e. each logical value precise synchronization in time.
7. the N position optical digital-to-analog converter of stating according to claim 1-4 based on micro-ring resonator, wherein said digital to analog converter adopt the silicon materials preparation on the insulator.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103678258A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for improving data resolution ratio of silica-based optical matrix processor and processor |
| CN107769783A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of more analog-digital-analog converters |
| WO2019167620A1 (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-06 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical arithmetic unit |
| JP2019152848A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-12 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical computing unit |
| WO2020039727A1 (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-02-27 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical digital/analog converter |
| CN111208690A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-05-29 | 光子算数(北京)科技有限责任公司 | Optical digital-to-analog converter, signal processing system and photonic neural network chip |
| CN112255195A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2021-01-22 | 上海交通大学 | Refractive index sensing device based on few-mode silicon nitride micro-ring resonator |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103678258A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for improving data resolution ratio of silica-based optical matrix processor and processor |
| CN103678258B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2017-01-25 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for improving data resolution ratio of silica-based optical matrix processor |
| CN107769783A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of more analog-digital-analog converters |
| WO2019167620A1 (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-06 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical arithmetic unit |
| JP2019152848A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-12 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical computing unit |
| WO2020039727A1 (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-02-27 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical digital/analog converter |
| JP2020030294A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-02-27 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical digital analog converter |
| JP7163666B2 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2022-11-01 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical digital/analog converter |
| CN112255195A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2021-01-22 | 上海交通大学 | Refractive index sensing device based on few-mode silicon nitride micro-ring resonator |
| CN111208690A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-05-29 | 光子算数(北京)科技有限责任公司 | Optical digital-to-analog converter, signal processing system and photonic neural network chip |
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