CN102621100B - V-shaped groove total-reflection liquid refraction ratio measuring device - Google Patents
V-shaped groove total-reflection liquid refraction ratio measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102621100B CN102621100B CN 201210083377 CN201210083377A CN102621100B CN 102621100 B CN102621100 B CN 102621100B CN 201210083377 CN201210083377 CN 201210083377 CN 201210083377 A CN201210083377 A CN 201210083377A CN 102621100 B CN102621100 B CN 102621100B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a V-shaped groove total-reflection liquid refraction ratio measuring device. A piece of image display glass is arranged at the upper end inside a lighttight casing; a semiconductor laser provided with the output end connected with the image display glass through a light-guide fiber light conveying band, and a CCD camera provided with the output end connected with a computer through a cable are arranged at the lower end of the image display glass; in the imager display glass, the upper surface of the image display glass is a V-shaped groove, and the two side surfaces of the V-shaped groove are optical surfaces; the lower surface of the image display glass is a plane; a light-transmitting band positioned under the bottom line of the V-shaped groove and parallel to the bottom line of the V-shaped groove is arranged on the lower surface of the image display glass; the light-transmitting band is an optical surface; other parts of the image display glass are frosted surfaces; a slot with the same width as the light-transmitting band is arranged under the light-transmitting band on the lower surface of the image display glass; the light-emitting end of the light-guide fiber light conveying band is arranged on the image display glass in the slot; the light-incoming end of the light-guide fiber light conveying band is arranged at the laser output end of the semiconductor laser; and a compensating prism installed with a light-proof cover on the upper surface is arranged on the upper surface of the image display glass.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and utilize optical instrument, namely utilize infrared light, visible light or ultraviolet light are tested or the analysis of material technical field, are specifically related to utilize interferometry, utilize the refractive index of schlieren method test liquid.
Background technology
Liquid refractivity is not only an important optical parametric of material, and is important measuring parameter in industrial and agricultural production and the scientific research.At present, the measurement of liquid refractivity can be divided into geometrical optics approach and wave optics method two large classes.Two classes are compared, and characteristics are respectively arranged.Geometrical optics approach instrument formation is simple, easy to operate, the measuring condition requirement is low, and measuring accuracy can meet the demands, and the application of at present geometrical optics approach measurement refractive index is more extensive.
The optical gauge digitizing is the important directions of optical gauge development, Abbe refractometer is measured the common instrument of liquid refractivity as geometrical optics approach, at present existing although " digital Abbe refractometer ", but complex structure, operation is complicated, cost is very high, maintenance difficulty is large, therefore is difficult to promote the use of.
The patent No. is that ZL201010118923.9, denomination of invention are " liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device and measuring method thereof " Chinese invention patent, disclose a kind of based on all reflective light iris effect, employing is to the total reflection of pointolite on sheet glass and liquid surface, the measurement of the formed circular hidden spot diameter relevant with liquid refractivity, calculate the refractive index of liquid, solved preferably the fast detecting problem of liquid refractivity.But there are the following problems for this patent: at first, these apparatus and method require the yardstick of pointolite as much as possible little in order to improve measuring accuracy, so that the light intensity of pointolite can not improve, thereby the circular blackening boundary light contrast that forms is less, measures difficulty relatively large; Secondly, definite relative difficult of circular light spot diameter; Secondly, in the process that forms even liquid film, be easy to air film occur in the part between the sheet glass, to the measurement result obvious; In addition, the described device operation of this patent relative complex.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcoming of aforesaid liquid apparatus for measuring refractive index, and a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, image boundary is clear and measuring accuracy is higher V-shaped groove total reflection measuring device for liquid refractive index is provided.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts is: the upper end is provided with image demonstration glass in lighttight housing, the lower end is provided with semiconductor laser and CCD camera in the housing, the output terminal of semiconductor laser shows that by optical fiber and image glass connects, the output terminal of CCD camera links to each other with computing machine by cable, above-mentioned image shows that glass is: image shows that surface on glass is V-shaped groove shape structure, the two sides of V-shaped groove are optical surface, the two sides of V-shaped groove show that with image the symmetrical plane of glass is symmetrical, image shows that the lower surface of glass is the plane, image show have on the lower surface of glass be positioned at the V-shaped groove bottom line under, the euphotic zone parallel with the V-shaped groove bottom line, the center line of V-shaped groove bottom line and euphotic zone is in same vertical plane, the center line of the geometric center of euphotic zone and CCD camera coincides, euphotic zone is optical surface, and remainder is frosted face; Described optical fiber is that light transmitting fiber is lost band.Under showing the lower glass surface euphotic zone, image is provided with the width slit identical with the euphotic zone width, the bright dipping end that light transmitting fiber is lost band is arranged on the laser output that the image demonstration is on glass in the slit, light inlet is arranged on semiconductor laser, show that at image surface on glass is provided with compensating prism, the upper surface of compensating prism is provided with shading cover.
Image of the present invention shows that the angle theta of surperficial V-shaped groove on glass two sides is 140 °～160 °, and image shows that the width of lower glass surface euphotic zone is 0.5～1mm.
Image of the present invention shows that the V-shaped groove bottom line of glass shows that to image the distance h of lower glass surface is 3～5mm.
Light transmitting fiber of the present invention is lost band: be provided with the fibre-optic bundle that is arranged in a row in the optical fiber cover, fibre-optic lower end is arranged in cylindrical fibre-optic bundle and is fixed on the optical fibre frame that the laser output with semiconductor laser links, and every fibre-optic bright dipping end is processed into spheric and is arranged under the euphotic zone that image shows glass.
The pixel of CCD camera of the present invention is 2048 * 2048.
Image of the present invention shows that it is the plane that glass adopts lower surface, upper surface is the V-shaped groove structure, have on the lower surface be positioned at the V-shaped groove bottom line under, the euphotic zone parallel with the V-shaped groove bottom line, the center line of V-shaped groove top line and euphotic zone is in same vertical plane, euphotic zone is optical surface, remainder is frosted face, on the euphotic zone of image demonstration glass the width slit identical with the euphotic zone width is set, be provided with the compensating prism that adapts with V-shaped groove in the upper surface V-shaped groove of image demonstration glass, the present invention has adopted light transmitting fiber to lose band, the bright dipping end that light transmitting fiber is lost band is arranged on that image shows on glass in the slit, light inputting end is arranged on the laser output of semiconductor laser, formed image is the rectangle blackening, image boundary is clear, compares with circular blackening, has improved measuring accuracy.That the present invention has is reasonable in design, simple in structure, easy to use, antijamming capability strong, measuring accuracy is than advantages of higher, can be used for the detection of liquid refractivity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that image shows glass 3 among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of image compensation prism 4 among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is that light transmitting fiber is lost structural representation with 7 among Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 adopts the present invention to measure the rectangle blackening photo of distilled water refractive index.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.
In Fig. 1,2,3,4, the V-shaped groove total reflection measuring device for liquid refractive index of the present embodiment by computing machine 1, housing 2, image show glass 3, compensating prism 4, shading cover 5, slit 6, light transmitting fiber lose be with 7, CCD camera 8, semiconductor laser 9 connect and consist of.
The image of the present embodiment shows that glass 3 upper surfaces are V-shaped groove shape structure, and the two sides of V-shaped groove are optical surface, and the angle theta of the two sides of V-shaped groove is 150 °, and the two sides of V-shaped groove are to show that by image the symmetrical plane of glass 3 center lines is symmetrical.Image shows that the lower surface of glass 3 is square-shaped planar, also can be rectangular planes, image show have on the lower surface of glass 3 be positioned at the V-shaped groove bottom line under, the euphotic zone parallel with the V-shaped groove bottom line, the center line of V-shaped groove bottom line and euphotic zone is in same vertical plane, the width of euphotic zone is 0.8mm, euphotic zone is optical surface, and remainder is processed into frosted face, and image shows that the geometric center of glass 3 lower surface euphotic zones and the center line of CCD camera 8 coincide.The V-shaped groove bottom line shows that to image the distance h of glass 3 lower surfaces is 4mm.Image shows that the refractive index n of glass 3 is 1.7496, stick with glue under the image demonstration glass 3 lower surface euphotic zones and be connected to slit 6, the width of slit 6 is identical with the width of euphotic zone, the bright dipping end that light transmitting fiber is lost with 7 is connected in the slit 6 with optical fiber is gluing, and light transmitting fiber is lost with 7 light inlet and the laser output of semiconductor laser 9 and linked.
In image demonstration glass 3 upper surface V-shaped grooves, be placed with compensating prism 4, being shaped as with image of plane, lower surface that be shaped as of compensating prism 4 upper surfaces shows the V-arrangement face that glass 3 upper surface V-shaped grooves match, compensating prism 4 shows that with image two downsides that two optical surfaces of glass 3 upper surface V-shaped grooves match are optical surface, and the upper surface of compensating prism 4, front end face and rear end face are light tight.The upper surface of compensating prism 4 sticks with glue and is connected to shading cover 5.When surveying the refractive index of liquid, within showing glass 3 upper surface V-shaped grooves, image drips fluid to be measured, compensating prism 4 is placed on the V-shaped groove of image demonstration glass 3 upper surfaces, compensating prism 4 is used for testing liquid is formed liquid film between the V-shaped groove sidewall of compensating prism 4 and image demonstration glass 3 again.
At Fig. 2, in 5, the light transmitting fiber of the present embodiment is lost and is with 7 to be by optical fiber cover 7-1, light transmitting fiber 7-2, optical fibre frame 7-3 connects formation, optical fiber cover 7-1 is shaped as the flat body, in the optical fiber cover 7-1 fibre-optic bundle that is arranged in a row is housed, the concrete radical of light transmitting fiber 7-2 should be determined according to the concrete length of slit 6, the lower end of light transmitting fiber 7-2 is stretched out outside the optical fiber cover 7-1 and is arranged in cylindrical fibre-optic bundle, be fixed on the optical fibre frame 7-3, optical fibre frame 7-3 links by the laser output of screw thread and semiconductor laser 9, the fibre-optic bundle lower end is positioned at the Laser output optical axis direction of semiconductor laser 9, the light output end of every light transmitting fiber 7-2 is processed into spherical, the upper end of optical fiber cover 7-1 is connected on the slit 6 with optical fiber is gluing, and the bright dipping end of light transmitting fiber 7-2 is positioned at the lower surface that slit 6 images show glass 3 euphotic zones.
Laser beam by semiconductor laser 9 ejaculations, through light transmitting fiber lose be with 7 the transmission, the light transmitting fiber 7-2 spherical end surface of losing with 7 from light transmitting fiber penetrates, show that from image the euphotic zone of glass 3 lower surfaces enters image and shows glass 3, arrive the interface between image demonstration glass 3 and the testing liquid, the frosted face that shows glass 3 at image forms the rectangle blackening, and CCD camera 8 becomes digital signal to output to computing machine 1 by cable the rectangle blackening image transitions that receives, and computing machine 1 is pressed following formula:
Calculate testing liquid refractive index, demonstrate the image of result of calculation and rectangle blackening.N in the formula
xFor the refractive index of testing liquid, width, the θ that L is the rectangle blackening are the angle of the two sides of V-shaped groove, n is that image shows that refractive index, the h of glass 3 are the V-shaped groove bottom line shows glass 3 lower surfaces to image distance.
Adopt the V-shaped groove total reflection measuring device for liquid refractive index of embodiment 1 to measure the method step of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol refractive index as follows:
1, takes out image and show the compensating prism 4 of placing on the V-shaped groove of glass 3, in V-shaped groove, drip distilled water with buret, place compensating prism 4 on the V-shaped groove, form liquid film between compensating prism 4 walls and the V-shaped groove wall.
2, connect laser power supply, laser emitting light enters light transmitting fiber and loses and be with 7, show that from image glass 3 lower surface euphotic zones enter image and show in the glass 3, total reflection on V-shaped groove wall and liquid film interface shows that at image the frosted face of glass 3 lower surfaces forms the rectangle blackening.
3, take the photograph 25 number of pixels demarcation pixel equivalent in the image by the corresponding CCD camera 8 of 1mm length on the frosted face of image demonstration glass 3, CCD camera 8 becomes digital signal to output to computing machine 1 by cable the rectangle blackening image transitions that receives, computing machine 1 is by 686 of the corresponding pixel counts of rectangle blackening width, the width L that calculates the rectangle blackening is 27.44mm, is calculated as follows out liquid refractivity:
N in the formula
xFor the refractive index of testing liquid, width, the θ that L is the rectangle blackening are the angle of the two sides of V-shaped groove, n is that image shows that refractive index, the h of glass 3 are the V-shaped groove bottom line shows glass 3 lower surfaces to image distance.
And according to following formula:
Calculate relative error, ε is relative error in the formula, n
sBe standard value, n
xBe measured value.
Use the same method and measure the refractive index of absolute ethyl alcohol, show that at image the width L of the frosted face formation rectangle blackening of glass 3 lower surfaces is 29.72mm.Calculate the refractive index of absolute ethyl alcohol by (1) formula, calculate relative error by (2) formula.Result of calculation sees Table 1.
The V-shaped groove total reflection measuring device for liquid refractive index of table 1 embodiment 1 is surveyed the refractive index of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol
| Testing liquid | Distilled water | Absolute ethyl alcohol |
| Standard refraction rate (20 ℃) | 1.3330 | 1.3618 |
| Measured value n of the present invention x | 1.3324 | 1.3620 |
| Relative error (%) | 0.045 | 0.015 |
The image of the present embodiment shows that glass 3 upper surfaces are V-shaped groove shape structure, and the two sides of V-shaped groove are optical surface, and the angle theta of the two sides of V-shaped groove is 140 °, and the two sides of V-shaped groove show that with image the symmetrical plane of glass 3 is symmetrical.Image shows that the lower surface of glass 3 is square-shaped planar, also can be rectangular planes, image show have on the lower surface of glass 3 be positioned at the V-shaped groove bottom line under, the euphotic zone parallel with the V-shaped groove bottom line, the center line of V-shaped groove bottom line and euphotic zone is in same vertical plane, the width of euphotic zone is 0.5mm, euphotic zone is optical surface, and remainder is processed into frosted face, and image shows that the geometric center of glass 3 lower surface euphotic zones and the center line of CCD camera 8 coincide.The V-shaped groove top shows that to image the distance h of glass 3 lower surfaces is 3mm.The connecting relation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The image of the present embodiment shows that the glass surface is V-shaped groove shape structure on the glass, and the two sides of V-shaped groove are optical surface, and the angle theta of the two sides of V-shaped groove is 160 °, and the two sides of V-shaped groove show that with image the symmetrical plane of glass 3 is symmetrical.Image shows that the lower surface of glass 3 is square-shaped planar, also can be rectangular planes, image show have on the lower surface of glass 3 be positioned at the V-shaped groove bottom line under, the euphotic zone parallel with the V-shaped groove bottom line, the center line of V-shaped groove bottom line and euphotic zone is in same vertical plane, the width of euphotic zone is 1.0mm, euphotic zone is optical surface, and remainder is processed into frosted face, and image shows that the geometric center of glass 3 lower surface euphotic zones and the center line of CCD camera 8 coincide.The V-shaped groove top shows that to image the distance h of glass 3 lower surfaces is 5mm.The connecting relation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (3)
1. V-shaped groove total reflection measuring device for liquid refractive index, the upper end is provided with image demonstration glass (3) in lighttight housing (2), the interior lower end of housing (2) is provided with semiconductor laser (9) and CCD camera (8), the output terminal of semiconductor laser (9) shows that by optical fiber and image glass (3) connects, the output terminal of CCD camera (8) links to each other with computing machine (1) by cable, it is characterized in that described image shows that glass (3) is: image shows that glass (3) upper surface is V-shaped groove shape structure, the two sides of V-shaped groove are optical surface, the two sides of V-shaped groove show that with image the symmetrical plane of glass (3) is symmetrical, image shows that the lower surface of glass (3) is the plane, image show have on the lower surface of glass (3) be positioned at the V-shaped groove bottom line under, the euphotic zone parallel with the V-shaped groove bottom line, the center line of V-shaped groove bottom line and euphotic zone is in same vertical plane, the center line of the geometric center of euphotic zone and CCD camera (8) coincides, euphotic zone is optical surface, and remainder is frosted face; Described optical fiber is that light transmitting fiber is lost band (7); Under showing glass (3) lower surface euphotic zone, image is provided with the width slit (6) identical with the euphotic zone width, the bright dipping end that light transmitting fiber is lost band (7) is arranged on the laser output that the interior image demonstration glass of slit (6) (3) is upper, light inlet is arranged on semiconductor laser (9), show that at image glass (3) upper surface is provided with compensating prism (4), the upper surface of compensating prism (4) is provided with shading cover (5);
Above-mentioned image shows that the angle theta of glass (3) upper surface V-shaped groove two sides is 140 °～160 °, and image shows that the width of glass (3) lower surface euphotic zone is 0.5～1mm;
Above-mentioned light transmitting fiber is lost band (7): be provided with the fibre-optic bundle that is arranged in a row in optical fiber cover (7-1), the lower end of light transmitting fiber (7-2) is arranged in cylindrical fibre-optic bundle and is fixed on the optical fibre frame (7-3) that the laser output with semiconductor laser (9) links, and the bright dipping end of every light transmitting fiber (7-2) is processed into spheric and is arranged under the euphotic zone that image shows glass (3).
2. according to V-shaped groove total reflection measuring device for liquid refractive index claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described image shows that the V-shaped groove bottom line of glass (3) shows that to image the distance h of glass (3) lower surface is 3～5mm.
3. according to V-shaped groove total reflection measuring device for liquid refractive index claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pixel of said CCD camera (8) is 2048 * 2048.
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| CN 201210083377 CN102621100B (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2012-03-27 | V-shaped groove total-reflection liquid refraction ratio measuring device |
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| CN 201210083377 CN102621100B (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2012-03-27 | V-shaped groove total-reflection liquid refraction ratio measuring device |
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| CN102621100A CN102621100A (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| CN102621100B true CN102621100B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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| CN101799413B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-07-06 | 陕西师范大学 | Experimental apparatus for measuring refractive indexes of liquid and measuring method thereof |
| CN101782515B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-07-20 | 陕西师范大学 | Method for measuring liquid refractive rate based on total reflection diaphragm effect |
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