CN102620692B - Cutter abrasion detection device and method used in tunnel shield construction - Google Patents
Cutter abrasion detection device and method used in tunnel shield construction Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutter abrasion detection device and method used in the tunnel shield construction industry, comprising the following steps: the shield body hydraulic system comprises a plurality of hydraulic oil pipes, a plurality of oil cavity detection cutters, a shield body hydraulic system, a hydraulic oil output pipeline and a hydraulic system overflow loop, wherein the hydraulic oil pipes are used for connecting the opening ends of the oil cavities of the detection cutters and the shield body hydraulic system; and the hydraulic oil overflow loop is provided with an electromagnetic pressure valve, and the electromagnetic pressure valve and the pressure sensing device are both connected with an automatic control system. The invention realizes that a plurality of pressure values are measured by one hydraulic pipeline of the central revolving shaft, and then different wear degrees of the cutter are calculated; the defect that a plurality of pressure values cannot be detected by a single hydraulic loop in traditional hydraulic detection is solved, and the problems that the electrical control interference is large and unreliable, the central rotary machining difficulty is increased and the like are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cutter abrasion detection device and method, refer to especially a kind of cutter abrasion detection device and method for tunneling shield construction, be applicable to the abrasion detection of shield cutter.
Background technology
Along with the acceleration of China's modernization construction, subway tunnel, municipal tunnel, highway water power tunnel increase gradually, and shield structure, with its advantageous advantage in constructing tunnel, is widely used.Shield cutter is as shield driving critical component, directly determined the efficiency of construction, the length of driving, driving ability etc., so the abrasion detection of cutter seems particularly important in shield tunnel construction.
A kind of practicality and intelligent cutter abrasion detection device are all being explored by Dun Gou producer both at home and abroad, by understanding the wear detector of the different manufacturers such as Mitsubishi, German extra large Rake, U.S. Luo Binsi, Shenyang heavy industry, sum up existing tool wear monitoring mode and have three kinds: a kind of is electric detection, comprise metal probe detection, ultrasound examination etc.; A kind of is signal detecting; Also having a kind of is that chemical gas detects.
Electric detection generally detects tool wear degree by a sensor being arranged in cutter, for example the initial contact of metal probe sensor is cutter metal inner casing, after the metal of probe contact grinds off, metal probe sensor will feedback a signal, can know the wear extent of cutter by this signal.But electric abrasion detection exists two serious defects, first, in shield machine progradation, before cutterhead and the environment very severe of Tu Cang, electrical equipment is generally difficult to guarantee the reliability of its work under rugged environment like this; Secondly, electric wiring bothers by center steering very much, has increased the difficulty of processing of center steering.
Traditional hydraulic pressure abrasion detection arranges a pressure transducer by a fluid pressure line, then according to pressure transducer, calculate the wear extent of cutter, this detection method is because electrical equipment is arranged on shield body the inside, so testing result is simple and reliable, but due to the rotating space constraint of acceptor center, the fluid pressure line quantity of passing through is very limited, thereby the wear extent that can test is also very limited, conventionally only have 1-2 position probing, abrasion condition that can not effecting reaction cutter.
Chemical gas pick-up unit is measured tool abrasion by compress a certain amount of chemical gas that is easy to detect in cutter cavity, when tool wear arrives cavity, a large amount of chemical gas distribute, a part is passed to screw machine soil outlet, by near the wear extent of the gas-detecting device indirect detection cutter set up screw machine soil outlet.The advantage of this chemical gas detection method is that equipment is simple, processing ease.Shortcoming is in actual applications, is difficult to detect and be difficult to determine the position of release cutter during air release.
As seen through the above analysis, conventional wear detects the restriction due to acceptor center revolving shaft size, realizes multiple spot multiposition and detect the difficulty that existence is larger on cutterhead.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction industry and method, be intended to solve existing tool wear monitoring method owing to being subject to the restriction of shield machine center steering shaft size, on cutterhead, be difficult to realize the problem that multiple spot multiposition is detected.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction industry, comprise: a plurality of with oil pocket detect cutter, shield body fluid pressing system and connect described detection cutter oil pocket openend and the hydraulic oil output pipe of shield body fluid pressing system, the hydraulic oil pipe of hydraulic system skimmer circuit, this hydraulic oil pipe is provided with pressure transducer, and on the oil pipe of each oil pocket openend, correspondence is provided with surplus valve; Described hydraulic oil skimmer circuit is provided with electromagnetic pressure valve, and described electromagnetic pressure valve, pressure transducer all connect automatic control system.
Also comprise warning device, be connected with described automatic control system.
Described detection cutter is the inner cutter that has different depth blind hole.
Described hydraulic oil output pipe is provided with pressure switch.
Described automatic control system is PLC control system.
A detection method for the cutter abrasion detection device of constructing for tunneling shield, step is as follows:
Step 1, while initially installing, hydraulic oil pressure corresponding to wear extent that detects cutter is set by surplus valve;
Step 2, hydraulic oil pump provide oil pressure, and system is set up original pressure by electromagnetic pressure valve, lower than the surplus valve of original pressure, all open;
When step 3, shield driving, when tool wear surpass to detect in cutter that surplus valve is set corresponding minimal wear amount, this detection cutter internal oil passages starts draining, declining will appear in the former oil pressure of system, by pressure transducer, detect this force value, the judgement of plc program, provides tool abrasion and has surpassed the warning message of this setting value;
Step 4, system are built pressure again, plc program is built pressure again by electromagnetic pressure valve, build pressure value lower than the corresponding force value of reporting to the police for the first time, higher than the second low wear extent, detect surplus valve in cutter and set force value, in the first abrasion detection cutter, surplus valve cuts out, all the other detect surplus valve corresponding to cutter and are held open state, for second detection cutter detects abrasion detection, provide condition;
Step 5, when tool wear surpasses the second low wear extent and detects in cutter that surplus valve sets force value, the similar minimal wear amount of System Working Principle detects the analysis of cutter testing process, provides wear extent and reports to the police;
Step 6, system are built pressure again, and last abrasion detection cutter surplus valve then cuts out, and for next detection cutter detects, provide testing conditions;
If step 7 continues driving wearing and tearing, System Working Principle is similar as above to be analyzed, thereby can detect each attrition value in various degree by system liquid pressure pressure value is different.
Surplus valve in further described step 1 according to the corresponding different force value of different set that detects blind hole depth in cutter.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect:
The novel wear detector of the present invention connects the oil pocket openend of shield body fluid pressing system and a plurality of detection cutters by a hydraulic oil pipe, and on the oil pipe of oil pocket open end, be provided with have different oil pressure reliefs, correspondence has the surplus valve of the detection cutter of different wear extenies, to control oil pressure in this detection cutter oil pocket, realized by fluid pressure line of center steering axle and measured a plurality of force value and then extrapolate the different degrees of wear that detect cutter, detected the attrition value of a plurality of detection cutters; Solved conventional hydraulic and detected the defect that can not wall scroll hydraulic circuit detects a plurality of force value, also solved electrical control disturb large, unreliable, increased the problems such as center steering difficulty of processing; In addition, control procedure of the present invention is simple and reliable, and wear data can be incorporated into the original PLC control system of shield machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of cutter abrasion detection device of providing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of a plurality of detection cutters of providing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the detection cutter that provides of the embodiment of the present invention.
The structural representation of the Double-hydraulic wear detector that Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention provides.
Fig. 5 is the detection method process flow diagram of a kind of cutter abrasion detection device of providing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral: 1-detects cutter, 2-surplus valve, 3-pressure transducer, 4-electromagnetic pressure valve, 5-hydraulic reservoir, 6-liquid level detecting switch, 7-ball valve, 8-filter core, 9-pressure switch, 10-hydraulic oil pump, 11-oil pocket.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated.
Wear detector of the present invention is by detecting the wear extent of cutter, to determine the degree of wear of cutter to provide effective support for shield structure makes smooth advances.
Shown in Fig. 1-2, a kind of cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction industry, comprise: a plurality of detection cutters 1 with oil pocket 11, shield body fluid pressing system and connect described detection cutter 1 oil pocket openend and the hydraulic oil output pipe of shield body fluid pressing system, the hydraulic oil pipe A of hydraulic system skimmer circuit, this hydraulic oil pipe is provided with pressure transducer 3, the corresponding surplus valve 2 of controlling oil pressure in this detection cutter oil pocket, having certain pressure value that is provided with on the oil pipe of each oil pocket openend; Described hydraulic oil skimmer circuit is provided with electromagnetic pressure valve 4, and described electromagnetic pressure valve 4, pressure transducer all connect automatic control system.
Referring to Fig. 3, each detects cutter corresponding wear extent b is set, this wear extent b characterizes by detecting the vertical range on cutter top and inner oil pocket top, different distances represents different wear extenies, corresponding, different hydraulic oil pressures corresponding to different wear extenies wherein, for example, arrange and detect tool abrasion b and be respectively 3cm, 6cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, its respectively corresponding hydraulic oil pressure be 13bar, 11 bar, 9bar, 7bar, 5bar.
Wherein, described shield body fluid pressing system comprises hydraulic reservoir 5, hydraulic oil pump 10 and the motor of power is provided to described hydraulic oil pump 10.Concrete, hydraulic reservoir capacity of the present invention is 50L, adopts 2.2kW driven by motor hydraulic oil pump, and pressure more than 15bar can be provided.
Described detection cutter 1 is the inner cutter that has different depth blind hole.
Preferably, described hydraulic reservoir is provided with liquid level detecting switch 6.
Further, described hydraulic oil output circuit is provided with and detects the pressure switch 9 of fluid filtration and the filter core 8 of filtered fluid force feed.
Wherein, on described confining liquid pressuring oil pipe, be provided with ball valve 7.
Pick-up unit of the present invention also comprises warning device, is connected with described automatic control system.In addition, in apparatus of the present invention, on hydraulic oil output pipe and on hydraulic oil skimmer circuit, be also provided with the surplus valve that prevents that hydraulic oil from refluxing, on the oil circuit being connected with hydraulic oil pump at hydraulic reservoir, be provided with the devices such as ball valve.
Automatic control system of the present invention is PLC control system.This control system can be control system independently, also can be incorporated in the PLC control system of shield machine.
Many detection cutter 1 is arranged on cutterhead, every a surplus valve 2 in the corresponding cutterhead hydraulic circuit of detection cutter, by default different oil pressure relief, carry out the variation of detection system force value, thereby obtain the degree of wear of the cutter in tunneling process.
The present invention is many wear detection tool 1 by arranging on cutterhead, every a surplus valve 2 in the corresponding cutterhead hydraulic circuit of wear detection tool, by default different oil pressure relief, carry out the variation of detection system force value, thereby obtain the tool wear degree in tunneling process.
The present invention is by controlling the oil pressure in cutter oil pocket need to detect interior default several surplus valves 2 with certain pressure value of cutter 1, when the oil pressure providing at shield body fluid pressing system reaches certain pressure, in cutter, corresponding surplus valve 2 is open-minded, when system oil pressure is reduced to certain pressure, corresponding surplus valve 2 cut-offs in cutter.
The oil pressure of hydraulic system of the present invention is controlled by a hydraulic oil pump 10 and an electromagnetic pressure valve 4, and the control of electromagnetic pressure valve 4 is based on the measured data of high-precision pressure transducer 3, and pressure transducer 3 degree of accuracy can reach 0.01bar; Pressure transducer 3 is unique judgement sources that system is built pressure, and system is built to press and carried out controlling water kick pressure by an electromagnetic pressure valve 4, system pressure can be reported and remain accurately the pressure needing.
Pick-up unit of the present invention comprises hydraulic control system and electric control system, hydraulic control system is controlled the pressure of cutter oil intraluminal fluid force feed by surplus valve 2, electric control system is by the pressure of hydraulic oil in pressure transducer 3 detection system oil pipes, then by the pressure of electromagnetic pressure valve 4 regulating system hydraulic oil.The present invention, by the cooperation of hydraulic system and electrical system, has realized single fluid pressure line and has detected a plurality of force value, thereby can detect a plurality of wear extenies.
This novel wear detector is applied on shield machine, and its major part is arranged on shield machine shield body and cutterhead position, and wherein, hydraulic oil pipe is located at center steering axle the inside, and surplus valve is located in cutterhead, detects cutter and is located at corresponding position on cutterhead.
The present invention has the detection cutter of different wear extenies by have the surplus valve correspondence of different oil pressure reliefs in the setting of cutterhead the inside, according to the flooded conditions of cutter hydraulic circuit, can record a plurality of force value, and then can calculate the different degrees of wear of cutter; In addition, the detection cutter that detects differing heights by arranging in the representative position of cutterhead is determined the abrasion condition that cutterhead is fixed a cutting tool.
Cutter abrasion detection device of the present invention, measurement range scope are wider, can contain the Abradability detection of 5 grades of 3mm-20mm scope; Can detect 3mm, 6mm, 10mm, 15mm, five different wear extenies of 20mm, pressure remains on the scope of 3-15bar, and according to the construction experience in reality, this is one group of more rational degree of detection.Certainly, in special formation, these wear datas can also be made suitable adjustment.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, this detection method that is applied to the cutter abrasion detection device in tunneling shield construction, step is as follows:
Step 1, while initially installing, the wear extent b that detection cutter 1 is set by surplus valve 2 is respectively 3cm, 6cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, its respectively corresponding hydraulic oil pressure be 13bar, 11 bar, 9bar, 7bar, 5bar, in order to ensure the accuracy of system, can set more wear monitoring point or duplexed system.
Step 2, hydraulic oil pump 10 provide oil pressure more than 15bar, by filter core 8 filtered fluid force feeds, initial time, it is 14bar that electromagnetic pressure valve 4 arranges oil pressure relief, all detection cutters 1 and corresponding surplus valve 2 are all opened, and now the oil pressure of whole system maintains 14bar.
Step 3, surpass 3mm when wear extent, the surplus valve of the detection cutter the inside of corresponding 3mm wear extent starts draining, system oil pressure can not maintain 14bar again, now system oil pressure can only remain on 13bar, by pressure transducer 3, will record this force value, pass to rapidly plc input end, the judgement of plc program, provides tool abrasion and has surpassed 3mm warning message.
Step 4, system are built pressure process again: if when pressure transducer 3 records oil pressure and is 13bar, it is 12bar that program regulates the oil pressure relief of electromagnetic pressure valve 4 immediately automatically, default oil pressure relief is that the surplus valve 2 of 13bar cuts out in time, stop too much leakage of oil, whole system pressure maintains 12bar left and right, cutter 1 internal oil passages of corresponding 3mm abrasion detection does not re-use, and all the other detect surplus valve corresponding to cutter and are held open state.
If step 5 continues after driving certain distance, tool abrasion further strengthens, when tool wear surpasses 6mm, the cutter internal oil passages pressure release of corresponding 6mm abrasion detection, due to the effect of its surplus valve, the 12bar oil pressure before system cannot maintain, then maintain the default 11bar oil pressure of surplus valve corresponding to 6mm wear extent 2, by pressure transducer 3, detect this force value, the judgement of plc program, provides tool abrasion and has surpassed 6mm warning message.
When if step 6, the pressure transducer 3 that is located at shield body position record oil pressure 11bar, it is 10bar that program regulates the oil pressure relief of electromagnetic pressure valve 4 at once, preset pressure is that the surplus valve of 11bar turn-offs immediately, no longer leakage of oil, system is by electromagnetic pressure valve 4 overflow hydraulic return fuel tanks, now the oil pressure of whole system will maintain 10bar, the surplus valve that wherein default oil pressure relief is 13bar, 11bar continues to keep closed condition, and all the other detect surplus valve corresponding to cutter and are held open state.
If step 7 continues driving wearing and tearing, System Working Principle is similar as above to be analyzed.Thereby by system liquid pressure pressure value is different, can detect each attrition value in various degree, in order to ensure the accuracy of system, can set more wear monitoring point.
Wear detector electrical equipment of the present invention is considerably less, can be incorporated into shield machine PLC electric control system the inside, this wear detector has intelligent data management function and man-machine interface, by being connected with shield machine PLC electric control system, by plc data library management, can feed back in time tool abrasion and alarm set point position, safe reliability is high; By calculating the rate of wear in each stage, in conjunction with geologic report, make corresponding driving operation adjustment.
In actual applications, if geologic condition is more severe, while producing uneven wear, will produce wrong report.Under these circumstances, can consider to increase a set of duplicate abrasion detection control system.
Referring to Fig. 4, this abrasion detection control system includes two hydraulic oil pipe B, C, these two hydraulic oil pipe B, C are a plurality of detection cutters 1 of corresponding connection respectively, each detects cutter and is provided with different wear extenies, the force value that each wear extent is corresponding different, concrete wear extent and force value can need to be set according to real work; The oil pipe of corresponding each detection cutter is provided with corresponding surplus valve 2, on each hydraulic oil pipe, be located at ball valve 7 and pressure transducer 3, each hydraulic oil skimmer circuit is provided with pressure solenoid valve 4, hydraulic oil output circuit is provided with pressure switch 9 and filter core 8, by including the hydraulic system of hydraulic reservoir 5, hydraulic oil pump 10 and motor, provide hydraulic pressure used, described hydraulic reservoir 5 is provided with liquid level detecting switch 6; Meanwhile, in order to make this device more effective, on hydraulic oil output pipe, be also provided with the surplus valve that prevents hydraulic oil and reflux, corresponding one-way on-off valve, on the oil circuit being connected with hydraulic oil pump 10 at hydraulic reservoir 5, be provided with ball valve 7 devices such as grade.
Its concrete principle, with above-mentioned cutter abrasion detection device, is not described in detail.Just when two control system detect same wear extent, during such as 10mm, program just thinks that tool wear has reached in so far, thereby can reduce to a certain extent wrong report, the reliability of increase system and accuracy, also at center steering, increase a fluid pressure line, the reasonable Arrangement that detects cutter is also a very important factor simultaneously, and the detection cutter of reasonable Arrangement can embody wearing and tearing accurately.
It is significant that this wear detector is invented, and by gathering the wear data of some, in conjunction with corresponding geologic report, can obtain a complete cutterhead abrasion analysis data report, and this research to shield cutter is significant.
This novel wear detector invention, advantage is very obvious, and electrical Interference, without any electrical equipment, has been avoided in cutterhead the inside; Only having a hydraulic circuit by center steering axle, reduced the difficulty of processing of center steering axle, is a kind of device that utilizes wall scroll fluid pressure line to detect a plurality of force value, has realized the detection technique of utilizing a fluid pressure line to detect multiple spot.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the detection method for the cutter abrasion detection device of tunneling shield construction, it is characterized in that, the described cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction industry, comprise: a plurality of band oil pockets detect cutter (1), shield body fluid pressing systems and connect described detection cutter (1) oil pocket openend and the hydraulic oil output pipe of shield body fluid pressing system, the hydraulic oil pipe of hydraulic system skimmer circuit, this hydraulic oil pipe is provided with pressure transducer (3), and on the oil pipe of each oil pocket openend, correspondence is provided with surplus valve (2); Described hydraulic oil skimmer circuit is provided with electromagnetic pressure valve (4), and described electromagnetic pressure valve (4), pressure transducer all connect automatic control system;
Also comprise warning device, be connected with described automatic control system;
Described detection cutter (1) is the inner cutter that has different depth blind hole;
The detection method step of the described cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction is as follows:
Step 1, while initially installing, hydraulic oil pressure corresponding to wear extent that detects cutter (1) is set by surplus valve (2);
Step 2, hydraulic oil pump (10) provide oil pressure, and system is set up original pressure by electromagnetic pressure valve (4), lower than the surplus valve (2) of original pressure, all open;
When step 3, shield driving, when tool wear surpass to detect in cutter that surplus valve is set corresponding minimal wear amount, this detection cutter internal oil passages starts draining, declining will appear in the former oil pressure of system, by pressure transducer (3), detect this force value, the judgement of plc program, provides tool abrasion and has surpassed the warning message of this setting value;
Step 4, system are built pressure again, plc program is built pressure again by electromagnetic pressure valve (4), build pressure value lower than the corresponding force value of reporting to the police for the first time, higher than the second low wear extent, detect surplus valve in cutter and set force value, in the first abrasion detection cutter, surplus valve cuts out, all the other detect surplus valve corresponding to cutter and are held open state, for second detection cutter detects abrasion detection, provide condition;
Step 5, when tool wear surpasses the second low wear extent and detects in cutter that surplus valve sets force value, System Working Principle, as the testing process analysis of step 3, provides wear extent and reports to the police;
Step 6, system are built pressure again, and last abrasion detection cutter surplus valve then cuts out, and for next detection cutter detects, provide testing conditions;
If step 7 continues driving wearing and tearing, System Working Principle is as the System Working Principle of step 3, thereby can detect each attrition value in various degree by system liquid pressure pressure value is different.
2. the detection method of the cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the surplus valve in described step 1 (2) according to the corresponding different force value of different set that detects the interior blind hole depth of cutter (1).
3. the detection method of the cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described hydraulic oil output pipe is provided with pressure switch (9).
4. the detection method of the cutter abrasion detection device for tunneling shield construction according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described automatic control system is PLC control system.
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| CN108035724B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2024-04-16 | 徐工集团凯宫重工南京有限公司 | Shield machine and cutter abrasion detection and automatic compensation device thereof |
| CN109063354B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2022-02-11 | 中南大学 | Prediction method for partition cutting performance of shield cutter head cutter |
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| CN109374276B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-01-26 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Detachable cutter loosening detection device of shield cutter head |
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| 张厚美.复合地层中盾构刀具磨损的检测方法研究.《大直径隧道与城市轨道交通工程技术-2005上海国际隧道工程研讨会文集 》.2006,第461-471页. |
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