CN209014430U - A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties - Google Patents

A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN209014430U
CN209014430U CN201821326240.0U CN201821326240U CN209014430U CN 209014430 U CN209014430 U CN 209014430U CN 201821326240 U CN201821326240 U CN 201821326240U CN 209014430 U CN209014430 U CN 209014430U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
plastic flexible
flexible pipe
outlet
dimensional
penetrating fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn - After Issue
Application number
CN201821326240.0U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张志红
马保玮
韩林
郑九州
苏粲粲
彭湃
鲍嘉翔
张云斌
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing University of Technology
Original Assignee
Beijing University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing University of Technology filed Critical Beijing University of Technology
Priority to CN201821326240.0U priority Critical patent/CN209014430U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN209014430U publication Critical patent/CN209014430U/en
Withdrawn - After Issue legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of pilot system for measuring clay film properties, comprising: penetrating fluid input system, infiltration generating system, data collection system, penetrating fluid discharge system;Wherein, penetrating fluid holds bottle from salting liquid through penetrating fluid input system and deionized water holds and is transported to the test soil sample both ends for permeating generating system in bottle, permeable pressure head is formed at soil sample both ends, it is collected after osmosis occurs, it measures that pressure at two ends is poor by differential pressure pickup, the parameter of characterization clay film properties is calculated.

Description

A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties
Technical field
The utility model belongs to seepage action of ground water technical field more particularly to a kind of test system for measuring clay film properties System.
Background technique
The semi-permeable membrane efficiency of clay obtains more and more extensive attention in engineering geology, the application of environmental geology etc., But domestic also relatively fewer for the research of clay semi-permeable membrane efficiency, correlation test is not yet fully deployed.It is external at present to carry out film Testing equipment used by performance test is primarily present following problem: 1. sample container scales are small, and acquired results can not Directly instruct engineer application (it is only 4cm that most thick soil sample is tested by foreign countries).2. part test sample container is unclosed, penetrating fluid and big Gas connection causes test result inaccurate.3. not considering concentration polarization phenomenon during permeability test, ie in solution ion is deposited in Soil sample surface causes solion percent of pass to reduce to test result inaccuracy.4. frequently with low discharge gear pump, no multi-pass Road function, conventional efficient are lower.5. part test device inputs, discharge solution is recycled, and does not consider solution during test The reduction of concentration.6. data acquisition is cumbersome, multiple groups experimental data can not be extracted simultaneously.
Utility model content
In order to eliminate the defect of above-mentioned experimental rig, the error of existing apparatus is reduced, the utility model provides a kind of measurement The pilot system of clay film properties has test scale wide, and test efficiency is high, and the small feature of test error can satisfy different rulers Spend test specimen, the measurement of the clay film properties parameter under various factors collective effect.
To meet the demand, adopt the following technical scheme that:
A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties, comprising: penetrating fluid input system, infiltration generating system, data are adopted Collecting system, penetrating fluid discharge system, wherein
Penetrating fluid input system includes: that salting liquid holds bottle, deionized water holds bottle, the first multi-channel peristaltic pump, second Multi-channel peristaltic pump, multiple first plastic flexible pipes, multiple second plastic flexible pipes, multiple third plastic flexible pipes, multiple 4th plastics Hose, multiple first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters, multiple second plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters, the first plastic flexible pipe Diameter is smaller than the diameter of the second plastic flexible pipe, and the diameter of third plastic flexible pipe is smaller than the diameter of the 4th plastic flexible pipe;Wherein, salt is molten Liquid holds bottle and connects multiple first plastic flexible pipes, and multiple first plastic flexible pipes pass through the connection of the first multi-channel peristaltic pump respectively and correspond to The first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapter, it is soft that multiple first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters connect corresponding second plastics Pipe, multiple second plastic flexible pipe connection infiltration generating systems;Deionization water bottle connects multiple third plastic flexible pipes, multiple third modelings Material hose passes through the second multi-channel peristaltic pump respectively and connects corresponding second plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapter, multiple second plastics Hose aperture conversion adapter connects corresponding 4th plastic flexible pipe, and multiple 4th plastic flexible pipes are separately connected infiltration generating system;
Infiltration generating system include: hold 10/30/50cm thickness test soil sample rigid walls cylinder, rigidity upper cover, rigidity Lower cover, multiple 5th plastic flexible pipes, multiple 6th plastic flexible pipes;Wherein, rigid upper cover has multiple first interfaces and multiple the Two interfaces, multiple first interfaces are connected with the second plastic flexible pipe corresponding in penetrating fluid input system respectively;Multiple second interfaces It is separately connected corresponding 5th plastic flexible pipe;There are rigid lower cover multiple third interfaces and multiple 4th interfaces, multiple thirds to connect Mouth is connect with the 4th plastic flexible pipe in penetrating fluid input system respectively, and it is soft that multiple 4th interfaces are separately connected corresponding 6th plastics Pipe;Rigid walls cylinder is tight by four bolts and rigidity upper and lower covers sealing bolt, is sequentially placed into the in rigid walls cylinder from bottom to up One permeable stone, the first filter paper, test soil sample, the second permeable stone, the second filter paper;
Data collection system includes: multiple differential pressure pickups, multichannel microcomputerized recorder, multiple first three-dimensionals are through-flow connects Head, multiple through-flow connectors of second three-dimensional;First three-dimensional is through-flow, and there is connector first outlet, second outlet, third to export, and the two or three There is first outlet, second outlet, third outlet to through-flow connector;Wherein, multiple 5th plastic flexible pipes are respectively with corresponding The first outlet connection of one three-dimensional is through-flow connector, the second outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of first three-dimensional and corresponding pressure difference The high-voltage end of sensor connects, and the third outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of first three-dimensional is connect with penetrating fluid discharge system; The 6th multiple plastic flexible pipes is connected with the first outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of second three-dimensional respectively, and the described corresponding 2nd 3 Connect to the second outlet of through-flow connector with the low-pressure end of corresponding differential pressure pickup, the corresponding through-flow connector of second three-dimensional Third outlet connect with penetrating fluid discharge system;Multiple differential pressure pickups are connect with multichannel microcomputerized recorder respectively;
Penetrating fluid discharge system includes: salting liquid receiving bottle, deionized water receiving bottle;Wherein, salting liquid receiving bottle and more The third of a through-flow connector of first three-dimensional exports connection;Deionized water receiving bottle and the third of multiple through-flow connectors of second three-dimensional go out Mouth connection.
Preferably, the first multi-channel type peristaltic pump and the second multi-channel type peristaltic pump are respectively that multi-channel type OEM is wriggled Pump.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, test accuracy is high.It considers some other pilot systems at present to set the problem of do not accounted for, such as concentration polarization Change phenomenon and optimize test generation environment, eliminates some irrelevant variables, reduce interference of the other factors to test result, make It is reliably accurate to obtain test result.
2, sample scale is adjustable.Only accomplish 4cm thickness for current external test, practical engineering application can not be made The soil sample permeameter scale of the case where instructing, the utility model can be customized according to different scale situation, meet different operating conditions, Different soil sample test requirements.
3, test efficiency is high.The multi-channel type peristaltic pump of use can carry out multiple groups permeability test, data acquisition in parallel simultaneously System can in real time be monitored each group, and each group test is again relatively independent, facilitate the adjusting for carrying out test relevant parameter.
To sum up, the utility model pilot system is the wider a set of clay film properties pilot system of the scope of application, be can be used for Under the influence of multivariable, the measurement of the film properties parameter of different soil samples.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the experimental rig of the measurement clay film properties of the utility model.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides a kind of pilot system for measuring clay film properties, comprising: penetrating fluid input System, infiltration generating system, data collection system, penetrating fluid discharge system, wherein
Penetrating fluid input system includes: that salting liquid holds bottle, deionized water holds bottle, the first multichannel OEM peristaltic pump, Two multichannel OEM peristaltic pumps, multiple first plastic flexible pipes, multiple second plastic flexible pipes, multiple third plastic flexible pipes, the multiple 4th Plastic flexible pipe, multiple first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters, multiple second plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters, the first plastics are soft The diameter of pipe is smaller than the diameter of the second plastic flexible pipe, and the diameter of third plastic flexible pipe is smaller than the diameter of the 4th plastic flexible pipe;Wherein,
Salting liquid holds bottle and connects multiple first plastic flexible pipes, and multiple first plastic flexible pipes pass through the first multichannel respectively OEM peristaltic pump connects corresponding first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapter, multiple first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapter connections Corresponding second plastic flexible pipe, multiple second plastic flexible pipe connection infiltration generating systems;Deionization water bottle connects multiple third modelings Expect that hose, multiple third plastic flexible pipes pass through the second multichannel OEM peristaltic pump respectively and connect corresponding second plastic flexible pipe bore Crossover sub, multiple second plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters connect corresponding 4th plastic flexible pipe, multiple 4th plastic flexible pipes It is separately connected infiltration generating system.
Infiltration generating system include: hold 10/30/50cm thickness test soil sample rigid walls cylinder, rigidity upper cover, rigidity Lower cover, multiple 5th plastic flexible pipes, multiple 6th plastic flexible pipes;Wherein, rigid upper cover has multiple first interfaces and multiple the Two interfaces, multiple first interfaces are connected with the second plastic flexible pipe corresponding in penetrating fluid input system respectively;Multiple second interfaces It is separately connected corresponding 5th plastic flexible pipe;There are rigid lower cover multiple third interfaces and multiple 4th interfaces, multiple thirds to connect Mouth is connect with the 4th plastic flexible pipe in penetrating fluid input system respectively, and it is soft that multiple 4th interfaces are separately connected corresponding 6th plastics Pipe;Rigid walls cylinder is tight by four bolts and rigidity upper and lower covers sealing bolt, is sequentially placed into the in rigid walls cylinder from bottom to up One permeable stone, the first filter paper, test soil sample, the second permeable stone, the second filter paper.
Data collection system includes: multiple differential pressure pickups, multichannel microcomputerized recorder, multiple first three-dimensionals are through-flow connects Head, multiple through-flow connectors of second three-dimensional;First three-dimensional is through-flow, and there is connector first outlet, second outlet, third to export, and the two or three There is first outlet, second outlet, third outlet to through-flow connector;Wherein,
Multiple 5th plastic flexible pipes are connected with the first outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of first three-dimensional respectively, described corresponding The second outlet of first three-dimensional is through-flow connector connects with the high-voltage end of corresponding differential pressure pickup, and corresponding first three-dimensional is logical The third outlet of stream connector is connect with penetrating fluid discharge system;The 6th multiple plastic flexible pipes is logical with corresponding second three-dimensional respectively Flow the first outlet connection of connector, the second outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of second three-dimensional and corresponding differential pressure pickup Low-pressure end connects, and the third outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of second three-dimensional is connect with penetrating fluid discharge system;Multiple pressure differences Sensor is connect with multichannel microcomputerized recorder respectively.
Penetrating fluid discharge system includes: salting liquid receiving bottle, deionized water receiving bottle;Wherein, salting liquid receiving bottle and more The third of a through-flow connector of first three-dimensional exports connection;Deionized water receiving bottle and the third of multiple through-flow connectors of second three-dimensional go out Mouth connection.
Using the technical solution of the utility model, penetrating fluid (salting liquid and deionized water) is through penetrating fluid input system from salt Solution holds bottle and deionized water holds the test soil sample both ends that infiltration generating system is transported in bottle, is formed and is seeped at soil sample both ends Saturating pressure difference is collected after osmosis occurs, and it is poor to measure pressure at two ends by differential pressure pickup, and characterization clay film property is calculated The parameter of energy.
Penetrating fluid input discharge system is described as follows:
It holds input and the solution bottle of penetrating fluid is discharged and take the semiclosed solution bottle of larger capacity, for prolonged test Process provides except condition, also facilitates the adjustment of solution concentration and the replacement of solution.It is defeated in previous part test The penetrating fluid for entering and being discharged is contained and is recycled with same solution bottle, and this mode will lead to soil sample two sides penetrating fluid concentration not The disconnected inaccuracy changed so as to cause test result, thus the utility model experimental rig will input and the solution bottle of discharge is split To improve test accuracy.For the power resources of solution input and discharge in multi-channel type OEM peristaltic pump, the speed of the peristaltic pump can It adjusts, effect is that the penetrating fluid above and below guarantee test soil sample is flowed with constant rate.By this mode, can disappear The concentration polarization phenomenon generated when except solution stand infiltration, to reduce test bring error.In previous geotechnological film properties In test, influence of the concentration polarization bring to clay film properties is not usually accounted for, facts proved that concentration polarization is to clay film The influence of performance be it is very important, it will be greatly reduced the percent of pass of solion, and test result is caused not reflect really Clay film properties.This can be solved the problems, such as using the solution input wipe-out mode of the utility model.Meanwhile peristaltic pump is multichannel Type, it can while parallel progress multiple groups permeability test, substantially increase the efficiency of test.
Infiltration generating system is described as follows:
Due to being directed to the clay sample of larger size, thus the cubic deformation of the soil body in the solution is had ignored, therefore used Rigid walls permeameter.The clay permeability test of large scale is not yet unfolded in foreign countries, and thickness maximum also only has 4cm.This is practical new The rigid walls cylinder of type can hold soil sample with a thickness of 10cm, and the sample of 30cm, 50cm can also be according to the actual situation to permeameters Increased again to meet different tests demand.Test soil sample connects the plastic flexible pipe of input and discharge liquor respectively up and down.Penetrating fluid It is flowed through plastic flexible pipe in test soil sample two sides with constant rate, to form constant permeable pressure head at soil sample both ends, is made Chemosmosis occurs in clay;It is measured by the relevant parameter to discharge liquor, can establish solion in clay Effective osmotic efficiency coefficient of characterization clay film properties is calculated in the model of middle migration.
Data collection system is described as follows:
The through-flow connector of three-dimensional is connected on penetrating fluid discharge liquid pipeline, the collection of solution is on the one hand carried out, on the other hand exists Differential pressure pickup is connected on two discharge liquid pipelines to measure the permeable pressure head of both ends solution to be measured.In previous test, be After chemosmosis fully reacting, sensor pressure at two ends difference is measured, is then store in memory card.Using this Data recording fashion can not be monitored permeable pressure head variation caused by solution concentration variation in real time during test.This Utility model data collection system can solve the above problem, can be to multiple groups by the microcomputerized recorder of external multichannel The real time data of differential pressure pickup is monitored and records, and the range and precision of the recorder are adjustable, can be to small pressure Difference is monitored.In other words, solution concentration caused by the process of osmosis of every group of sample changes, can be at any time and accurate anti- It reflects on a display screen, control when not only having increased test in this way to test process, but also facilitates the acquisition of test data.
The utility model pilot system uses the multi-channel peristaltic pump of penetrating fluid input system to provide power for solution, eliminates Seriously affect factor-concentration polarization phenomenon of clay film properties test;The peristaltic pump of multichannel can agreed in the time simultaneously It is parallel to carry out multiple groups test, the efficiency of test is substantially increased, it is long to change the previous soil test period, the state of low efficiency; Data collection system can monitor test process in real time, can more accurately be controlled to test;Permeate generating system conduct The generating device of test, flexible design can meet a variety of soil samples, the demand of a variety of test scales.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of pilot system for measuring clay film properties characterized by comprising penetrating fluid input system, infiltration are System, data collection system, penetrating fluid discharge system, wherein
Penetrating fluid input system includes: that salting liquid holds bottle, deionized water holds bottle, the first multi-channel peristaltic pump, the second multi-pass Road peristaltic pump, multiple first plastic flexible pipes, multiple second plastic flexible pipes, multiple third plastic flexible pipes, multiple 4th plastic flexible pipes, Multiple first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters, multiple second plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters, the diameter of the first plastic flexible pipe Diameter than the second plastic flexible pipe is small, and the diameter of third plastic flexible pipe is smaller than the diameter of the 4th plastic flexible pipe;Wherein, salting liquid is contained It puts bottle and connects multiple first plastic flexible pipes, multiple first plastic flexible pipes pass through the first multi-channel peristaltic pump connection corresponding the respectively One plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapter, multiple first plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapters connect corresponding second plastic flexible pipe, more A second plastic flexible pipe connection infiltration generating system;Deionization water bottle connects multiple third plastic flexible pipes, and multiple third plastics are soft Pipe passes through the second multi-channel peristaltic pump respectively and connects corresponding second plastic flexible pipe aperture conversion adapter, multiple second plastic flexible pipes Aperture conversion adapter connects corresponding 4th plastic flexible pipe, and multiple 4th plastic flexible pipes are separately connected infiltration generating system;
Infiltration generating system includes: the rigid walls cylinder of test soil sample for holding 10/30/50cm thickness, rigidity upper cover, under rigidity Lid, multiple 5th plastic flexible pipes, multiple 6th plastic flexible pipes;Wherein, rigid upper cover has multiple first interfaces and multiple second Interface, multiple first interfaces are connected with the second plastic flexible pipe corresponding in penetrating fluid input system respectively;Multiple second interfaces point Corresponding 5th plastic flexible pipe is not connected;Rigid lower cover has multiple third interfaces and multiple 4th interfaces, multiple third interfaces It is connect respectively with the 4th plastic flexible pipe in penetrating fluid input system, it is soft that multiple 4th interfaces are separately connected corresponding 6th plastics Pipe;Rigid walls cylinder is tight by four bolts and rigidity upper and lower covers sealing bolt, is sequentially placed into the in rigid walls cylinder from bottom to up One permeable stone, the first filter paper, test soil sample, the second permeable stone, the second filter paper;
Data collection system include: multiple differential pressure pickups, multichannel microcomputerized recorder, multiple first three-dimensionals are through-flow connector, Multiple through-flow connectors of second three-dimensional;First three-dimensional is through-flow, and connector has first outlet, second outlet, third outlet, the second three-dimensional Through-flow connector has first outlet, second outlet, third outlet;Wherein, multiple 5th plastic flexible pipes are respectively with corresponding first The first outlet connection of three-dimensional is through-flow connector, the second outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of first three-dimensional are passed with corresponding pressure difference The high-voltage end of sensor connects, and the third outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of first three-dimensional is connect with penetrating fluid discharge system;It is more The 6th a plastic flexible pipe is connected with the first outlet of the corresponding through-flow connector of second three-dimensional respectively, corresponding second three-dimensional The second outlet of through-flow connector connects with the low-pressure end of corresponding differential pressure pickup, the corresponding through-flow connector of second three-dimensional Third outlet is connect with penetrating fluid discharge system;Multiple differential pressure pickups are connect with multichannel microcomputerized recorder respectively;
Penetrating fluid discharge system includes: salting liquid receiving bottle, deionized water receiving bottle;Wherein, salting liquid receiving bottle and multiple the The third of one three-dimensional is through-flow connector exports connection;The third of deionized water receiving bottle and multiple through-flow connectors of second three-dimensional, which exports, to be connected It connects.
2. a kind of pilot system for measuring clay film properties as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first multi-channel type is compacted Dynamic pump and the second multi-channel type peristaltic pump are respectively multi-channel type OEM peristaltic pump.
CN201821326240.0U 2018-08-17 2018-08-17 A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties Withdrawn - After Issue CN209014430U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201821326240.0U CN209014430U (en) 2018-08-17 2018-08-17 A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201821326240.0U CN209014430U (en) 2018-08-17 2018-08-17 A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN209014430U true CN209014430U (en) 2019-06-21

Family

ID=66829734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201821326240.0U Withdrawn - After Issue CN209014430U (en) 2018-08-17 2018-08-17 A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN209014430U (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109632596A (en) * 2018-08-17 2019-04-16 北京工业大学 A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109632596A (en) * 2018-08-17 2019-04-16 北京工业大学 A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties
CN109632596B (en) * 2018-08-17 2024-03-15 北京工业大学 Test system for measuring clay film performance

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102221514B (en) Joint testing device and method of rheological property of polymer solution and relative permeability of core
CN102151487B (en) Full-automatic ultrafiltration membrane pore size distribution determining instrument and automatic determining method thereof
CN107063972B (en) It is a kind of often-varying head integration osmotic coefficient investigating device and its test method
CN105092450B (en) A kind of hypotonicity saturated clay permeation tester and method of testing
CN106501155A (en) Rock core gas liquid two purpose permeability test device and reservoir damage evaluation method
CN210264648U (en) Multifunctional rock core displacement device
CN108051643A (en) Multipair dynamic monitoring displacement system of multi-functional long cores radial direction
CN106706492A (en) Penetration device for researching porous medium whole-zone penetration mechanism
CN209821028U (en) Rock core permeability testing arrangement
CN2927035Y (en) Drilling-liquid semi-transparent film determiner
CN109765161A (en) It is a kind of to utilize permeability test method and device that bucket offer osmotic pressure and confining pressure are provided
CN217180509U (en) Combined core displacement experimental device for representing reservoir interference degree
CN109799177A (en) A kind of device and method multiple groups rock sample Non-Darcy Flow in Low Permeability Reservoir test while measured
CN209014430U (en) A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties
CN208902578U (en) A kind of seepage inflow erosion pilot system
CN209821099U (en) Multifunctional compact gas reservoir dynamic parameter joint measurement device based on nuclear magnetic resonance
CN202041437U (en) Device for jointly measuring polymer solution rheological property and core relative permeability efficiently and quickly
CN106840990A (en) A kind of achievable permeability apparatus for becoming effect of water pressure
CN209069798U (en) A kind of darcy permeability test instrument
CN208076347U (en) Rock permeability and compressed coefficient translocation device
CN109060630A (en) A kind of seepage inflow erosion pilot system and method
CN208313774U (en) A kind of waterpower industry geomembrane permeability coefficient determinator
CN205317631U (en) Positive osmotic membrane testing arrangement in laboratory
CN101949817B (en) Automatic filter membrane flux evaluation device and method
CN109632596A (en) A kind of pilot system measuring clay film properties

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
AV01 Patent right actively abandoned

Granted publication date: 20190621

Effective date of abandoning: 20240315

AV01 Patent right actively abandoned

Granted publication date: 20190621

Effective date of abandoning: 20240315

AV01 Patent right actively abandoned
AV01 Patent right actively abandoned