CN102620232A - Transmission-type sunlight tunnel direct enhanced illumination device - Google Patents
Transmission-type sunlight tunnel direct enhanced illumination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102620232A CN102620232A CN201210086376XA CN201210086376A CN102620232A CN 102620232 A CN102620232 A CN 102620232A CN 201210086376X A CN201210086376X A CN 201210086376XA CN 201210086376 A CN201210086376 A CN 201210086376A CN 102620232 A CN102620232 A CN 102620232A
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Abstract
A device directly utilizing sunlight for tunnel enhanced illumination adopts two confocal transmission-type line (point) focusing Fresnel lenses to realize the functions of sunlight convergence and light path adjustment, obtains high-luminance parallel sunlight, and then utilizes a reflecting light guide lens equipped with an automatic tracking system to deliver the sunlight into a tunnel through the upper part space with a high efficiency, so that the uniform sunlight illumination on a road surface can be realized through the reflection of a reflecting film at the top of the tunnel. The device realizes the direct sunlight application at high cost performance, avoids the inherent sporadic defect of solar energy, and utilizes the characteristic to automatically meet the self-adaption characteristic that the tunnel inlet/outlet transition section enhanced illumination requires self-adaption to sunlight intensity, thereby creating conditions for sunlight direct application to popularization and application of tunnel enhanced illumination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sunshine and directly realize the device of tunnel illumination, be specifically related to a kind ofly can directly utilize sunshine to carry out the device that the tunnel strengthens illumination through transmission-type optically focused.
Background technology
For vcehicular tunnel; Except must being installed, the day and night lighting system guarantees the base lighting brightness requirement; Also have very big characteristics; Be exactly that necessary the restriction within the specific limits of brightness step (brightness rate of change) of (being called for short the luminance transition interval) in the segment distance imported and exported in driver's special demands tunnel; Otherwise " black hole " and " white hole " phenomenon will occur and cause the accident, promptly at this important also be in the most dangerous section brightness (than outside environment brightness) be one than the relative value of outside environment brightness but not absolute value; In case just there have not been the problems referred to above in the variation through driver behind this luminance transition interval has adapted to lamplight brightness after the eyesight of driver's eyes has been recovered normally yet.For example the driver from the highway of sunshine at noon very strong (like 60000Lx) in case get at a relatively high speed in (light weak (200Lx)) tunnel in the very short time of (200Lx); Because the brightness variable gradient is too big, tends to cause driver's spinning sensation even lose eyesight at short notice and have an accident.And overcast and rainy, promptly tunnel outside light more weak (like 5000Lx) time, for identical or lower tunnel intraoral illumination brightness, then there are not the problems referred to above in the driver.The extreme phenomenon of this situation-----night particularly, for the driver, the relative tunnel internal illumination of the brightness outside the tunnel on the highway is for the driver, or even gets into brightly from the light dark place, just do not have the incompatibility problem.According to " highway tunnel ventilation illumination Design standard " (JTJ026.1-1999) technical standard about the brightness designing requirement between transition region in the present tunnel illumination system; Generally import and export the tunnel and be divided into four sections such as inlet region, transition region, mesozone and outlet area; And require passing in and out the intensity that oral region is regulated lighting source automatically according to the variation of the brightness (sunlight intensity) outside the tunnel, to reach the target of saving the energy.But because the automatic control system working environment is too poor etc. former thereby cause fault rate high; Its system maintenance maintenance has very big difficulty again; So major part still adopts the constant brightness illumination scheme in the actual engineering: promptly the brightness step value in tunnel transition district must be less than the brightness step limit under noon in the summer the strongest solar light irradiation; (three seasons beyond summer that this limit data is obviously more weak to illumination; Particularly) winter, overcast and rainy and evening, just exist the energy waste phenomenon at the interval lighting source of luminance transition.
In sum, if directly utilize solar energy to realize the enhancing illumination of tunnel import and export, can meet this requirement just.Therefore the inventor has successively applied for " 201110258872.4; a kind of beam split type sunlight conveyer ", " 201210028758.7; a kind of sunshine direct illumination tunnel equipment "; Though its solar energy utilization ratio obviously improves, still there is certain defective aspect the serviceabilities such as cost of manufacture and operational reliability, thereby hindering applying in its field.Utilize solar energy directly to realize the method and the device of the illumination of tunnel import and export so further seek high efficiency on this basis, significant for energy savings with the popularization Application of Solar Energy.
Directly utilizing sunshine to carry out the tunnel, import and export to strengthen lighting device fairly perfect in the theory design, applies but restricted because of its performance deficiency in actual use.Mainly be the reflective parabolic curved surface of column solar concentrator that generally uses at present owing to itself exist efficient and the uniformity that directly has influence on optically focused in the light path that Light-modulating mirror must be in sun optically focused; And this design feature influenced the realization of its industrial productsization, when utilizing Fresnel Lenses to realize optically focused then Light-modulating mirror be in the opposite side of condensing body, thereby created condition for the commercialization production of concentrator.In addition, how the leaded light mirror is realized importing the tunnel face design section converging the rear in real time smoothly to the parallel sunshine that changes always, and the concrete technical problem during these are used all needs effectively to solve.
If can effectively solve technical problem in above-mentioned two sunshine direct illumination practical applications; Generally all linearly the concrete characteristics of property and parallel sunshine directly are delivered into the advantage that loss is little, cost is low that the tunnel has under without the situation of optical fiber or photoconductive tube according to tunnel import and export section (about 40 meters); Mode with the parallel direct irradiation of sunlight of high brightness after adopting transmission-type Fresnel solar energy line concentrator realization low cost more with practical value to converge sunshine and adjust light path realizes that the direct tunnel transition region of sunshine high-efficiency and low-cost strengthens illumination; Certainly have great practical value, can also effectively solve in addition because the reality that the changeover portion tunnel, gateway that the rugged complicacy in mountain area causes turns round and the automatic tracking technique of leaded light mirror.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to real solution directly utilizes sunshine to realize that the tunnel strengthens the technical problem that exists in the actual use of lighting device reflection-type beam condenser; The device that utilizes Fresnel line collector lens to provide the higher transmission type sunlight tunnel of a kind of cost performance directly to strengthen illumination improves sunshine utilization ratio and reliability, reduces cost.This method is not limited to transmission-type line optically focused mode, and is equally applicable to the Fresnel Lenses optically focused mode of transmission-type point optically focused; In addition, improve a little, can realize that also reflective line (point) solar concentrator carries out the direct sun light lighting function in tunnel.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: comprise the concentrator that is installed in tunnel face brightness buffering building upper end and with the corresponding leaded light mirror of concentrator; Described concentrator comprises the Fresnel line collector lens towards the sun; And with Fresnel line collector lens) transmission-type Fresnel Light-modulating mirror with same focus; Adjusting light path through the Light-modulating mirror that is in the back again after Fresnel line collector lens converges raising brightness after, parallel sunshine becomes the parallel sunshine of high brightness; Directly arrive the tunnel upper space then through leaded light mirror directional transmissions; Wherein the reflection ray of leaded light mirror is identical with the tunnel direction and be installed in tunnel face Wai Chu, and its setting height(from bottom) depends on the height of top, tunnel arc area and concentrator; On tunnel inner arc top wall, be coated with the reflective film that can the parallel sunshine that the leaded light mirror imports evenly be reflexed in the tunnel on the road surface everywhere.
Described concentrator also is connected with the driving output of the system of polar coordinates type high precision tracking sunray direction, and wherein foremost sunlight signal acquiring device is installed on the plane of Fresnel line collector lens in the concentrator.
Described Fresnel line collector lens and transmission-type Fresnel Light-modulating mirror have the one side of rib to be faced each other, is closed by sealing surface, and smooth one side outwardly.
Described leaded light mirror is connected with auto-guider; So that automatically the smooth transporting of the parallel sunshine of the enhancement mode of continuous change direction to identical with the tunnel direction and highly be in arc area space, top, tunnel; But the optical axis and the angle between the tunnel top straight line of the light of being carried by the leaded light mirror are β; And tg β=H/S, wherein H is the height of directional light, S is the air line distance of carrying in the tunnel.
Also be provided with the transparent brightness buffering building of steel structure on the highway in the outside certain distance of described tunnel import and export, concentrator and with the corresponding leaded light mirror of concentrator to be installed in this brightness buffering architectural.
It is described if just there is the tunnel that turns round in the entrance in the tunnel; In the tunnel top side match with the leaded light mirror and (perhaps one group) plane leaded light mirror that need not dispose automatic tracking system is installed, that realizes parallel sunshine correspondingly turns round and transmits farther distance.
The present invention is directed to and also cause the technological deficiency that converges the sunshine inhomogeneities and can't be made into product when Light-modulating mirror that the reflective type solar concentrator exists blocks light path; Adopt two Fresnel line collector lenses to dispose High Precision Automatic tracking sunshine system; Effectively realize the target that sunshine converges and is adjusted to the parallel sunshine of high brightness again; And then utilize the leaded light mirror that disposes automatic tracking system directly to be delivered into top, tunnel to sunshine installation and design light path high efficiency; And the process of passing through tunnel top reflective film road surface of throwing light on uniformly; Thereby realized the target that sunshine directly throws light on for the enhancing of tunnel import and export changeover portion; And the transmission-type concentrator created condition for the product industrialization, utilize around the stainless steel sheet| sealing after, can prevent effectively that condensing body and Light-modulating mirror (Fresnel Lenses) groove dust from gathering and influence the serious problems of its sunshine transmitance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure sketch map figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the tunnel entrance changeover portion structural representation of the present invention under the situation that turns round.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explain.
Referring to Fig. 1; The present invention includes the concentrator that is installed in tunnel face upper end and with the corresponding leaded light mirror 2 of concentrator; Described concentrator comprises towards the installing rack of the sun and is fixed on several plane Fresnel line collector lenses 11 on this installing rack; And with plane Fresnel line collector lens 11 have same focus and with the Fresnel line optically focused Light-modulating mirror 12 that is in condensing body installing rack integrative-structure, but method for using and installation and condensing body are just opposite, for example as figure shown in; The one side that two Fresnel Lenses have rib is faced each other; By around sealing surface 13 be closed, be smooth one side outwardly, thereby guarantee effectively to prevent between the operating period that groove that two Fresnel Lenses have the one side of rib from accumulating dust causes the decline of sunshine transmitance; Increased substantially serviceability, and this to be the reflective solar concentrator can't realize; The function of concentrator is to pool after the enhancing the more parallel sunshine that contravariant again becomes high brightness to parallel sunshine.Fresnel line collector lens 11 increases substantially sunlight intensity (about ten times) with the ethod of remittance through the plane; Again through becoming directional light after the Fresnel line optically focused Light-modulating mirror 12 adjustment light paths; Directly output to leaded light mirror 2 then; Wherein (sunlight signal acquiring devices in a kind of High Precision Automatic tracking system: obtained invention patent mandate: ZL200910254626.4) independent stationary is installed on the cross section of reflected sunlight process the reflected sunlight signal picker 21 in the auto-guider that is connected of leaded light mirror 2, and its optical axis is parallel with the parallel sunshine optical axis in the incident tunnel of design; And its drive part and leaded light mirror 2 are structurally formed one, and driving leaded light mirror 2 is followed the tracks of incident sunshine direction automatically and imported the opening length of plane, tunnel Fresnel line collector lens 11 and the length ratio of Light-modulating mirror to it smoothly at two-dimensional directional is exactly the optically focused ratio of this concentrator: L11/L12; And the line condensing body is identical with the width of line Light-modulating mirror, all is W.In addition, the width W of Light-modulating mirror 12 depends on the height or the top radian height in tunnel, wherein the reflection ray of leaded light mirror 2 must be identical with tunnel incident sunshine direction and setting height(from bottom) depend on height at top, tunnel face arc area and concentrator; Leaded light mirror 2 is connected with supporting autotracker; And its sunlight signal acquiring device independent stationary in motion tracking is installed on the top of tunnel top or sunshine buffering building 4; And its optical axis is parallel to the parallel sun optical axis in desirable incident tunnel, its concrete operation principle concentrator automatic tracking system system; Can also adopt photo resistance and single-chip microcomputer to combine in addition automatic tracking signal is provided; Thereby specifically be to provide the beginning of sunshine signal from motion tracking by photo resistance; And specifically regularly send according to required precision by single-chip microcomputer from the signal of motion tracking, but being 15/2=7.5 °/hour, the rotational angular velocity of the normal of its leaded light mirror gets final product.Parallel sunshine transporting after leaded light mirror 2 will converge is to identical with desirable sunshine incident direction and highly be in arc area space, top, tunnel; To prevent to travel on blocking of high capacity waggon on the road; The optical axis and the angle between the tunnel top straight line of the light of being carried by the leaded light mirror are β; And tg β=H/S, wherein H is the light height of directional light, S is the air line distance of carrying in the tunnel.So leaded light mirror 2 installs and fixes the height that the locus depends primarily on concentrator and tunnel portal place.On tunnel inner arc top wall, being coated with can be with the even transporting of parallel sunshine of leaded light mirror 2 reflective film 3 on the road surface everywhere in the tunnel.Utilize the reflective film that sprays on the tunnel top wall 3 the parallel sunshines of carrying into through tunnel top directly with the even transporting of reflection way in the tunnel everywhere on the road surface; Thereby the direct enhancement mode illumination of import and export place, the tunnel transition zone sunshine of realizing the sunshine high-efficiency and low-cost.
The present invention also also is provided with the transparent brightness buffering building 4 of steel structure on the highway in the outside certain distance of tunnel import and export.One of function is the brightness when effectively reducing automobile entering tunnel, has reduced the tunnel import and export is strengthened the requirement of strength of illumination relatively; And carry out integrated unified design optimization to the design and installation of native system with it again; Increasing under the very little condition of cost; Both effectively realized the pooling feature of transition region brightness; Made things convenient for the installation of parts in this apparatus system (concentrator) and 2 (leaded light mirror) again, and made the effect that sunshine direct illumination efficient is improved significantly because system illumination distance is the shortest.
Referring to Fig. 2; In addition; For with a varied topography, cause the tunnel just to have to form the situation of curved shape importing and exporting changeover portion, in order to realize equally that sunshine directly strengthens illumination functions; Must effectively prolong the straight length that strengthens illumination; Corresponding the turning round of the plane leaded light mirror 20 that matches with leaded light mirror 2 (or a group several) the parallel sunshine of realization promptly is installed in the tunnel top side and transmits farther distance, but this leaded light mirror 20 need not dispose automatic tracking system, specifically referring to side view shown in Figure 2.
Tunnel for North and South direction; The sunshine that is in the south (for the earth Northern Hemisphere) porch transition region directly strengthens illuminator and directly is installed on above the transparent building that the tunnel face prolongs; Its major advantage is: first; Reduce transmission range to greatest extent, helped the raising of the transfer efficiency of sunshine; The second, this transparent building has effectively reduced the brightness of porch, has reduced the requirement to the brightness of enhancing groupings, and the 3rd, because directly gathering sunshine, this device carries out tunnel illumination, so itself is just to possessing the characteristic of self adaptation sunshine.And strengthen illumination for the transition region at place, gateway, north, be not difficult according to this to push away, only turning to the vertical symmetry position to the incline direction of leaded light mirror can realize, detailed process is no longer narrated.
The transition region of locating for the gateway, tunnel of east-west direction or other any direction strengthens illumination; Because recited abovely be adjusted into parallel high brightness sunshine again after having converged, get final product so can increase the plane mirror of sunshine direction (angle) on the adjustment horizontal plane as required on this basis again.For example for the tunnel of positive east-west direction, direct on this basis increase is again installed a reflective mirror that changes 90 ° of optical path directions in the horizontal direction and can be realized the direction of parallel sunshine guiding tunnel import and export.
Because this method is that Salar light-gathering is used, particularly import and export transition region in tunnel strengthens to study repeatedly on the basis of lighting source application study and application to update on the basis and completes after improving studying for many years; Its concentrator cost reduces significantly; The entire system structure is simpler; The loss of sunshine course of conveying further reduces; And most important parts---concentrator is owing to adopt transmission-type optically focused, thereby can make enclosed product, effectively prevents to accumulate dust in two nonplanar groove uses of Fresnel Lenses and causes the decline of sunshine transmitance; Increased substantially serviceability, and this to be the reflective solar concentrator can't realize; System itself just has the characteristic of self adaptation tunnel outside sunlight intensity in addition, so the enhancement mode lighting source of importing and exporting transition region as the tunnel is optimal selection; Certainly the social benefit of energy-saving and emission-reduction is obvious especially, has great practical value.
The sunlight signal acquiring device from motion tracking sunshine system that disposes in the concentrator of the present invention is mounted on the Fresnel Lenses plane; Then through after signal is handled; Single-chip microcomputer sends instruction, and the drive device drives concentrator that commander and concentrator are installed on one is from motion tracking sunshine direction; But the leaded light mirror supporting automatic tracking system then be in order constantly to be transported in the tunnel the parallel sunshine of the high brightness of the continuous change direction of three dimensions; So in this automatic tracking system; Sunlight signal acquiring device 21 is with in the light path that independently is installed on the parallel sunshine of high brightness, and its optical axis is parallel to the parallel sun optical axis in design incident tunnel; Its drive unit then is mounted to one with the leaded light mirror, realizes adjustment three-dimensional space direction automatically according to sending instruction drive leaded light mirror, thereby advances the tunnel to the continuous parallel sunshine smooth delivery of power of high brightness that changes incident direction.
Claims (6)
1. a transmission type sunlight tunnel directly strengthens the device of illumination, it is characterized in that: comprise the concentrator (1) that is installed in tunnel face brightness buffering building (4) upper end and with the corresponding leaded light mirror of concentrator (2); Described concentrator comprises the Fresnel line collector lens (11) towards the sun; And the transmission-type Fresnel Light-modulating mirror (12) that has same focus with Fresnel line collector lens (11); Adjusting light path through the Light-modulating mirror (12) that is in the back again after Fresnel line collector lens (11) converges raising brightness after, parallel sunshine becomes the parallel sunshine of high brightness; Directly arrive the tunnel upper space then through leaded light mirror (2) directional transmissions; Wherein the reflection ray of leaded light mirror (2) is identical with the tunnel direction and be installed in tunnel face Wai Chu, and its setting height(from bottom) depends on the height of top, tunnel arc area and concentrator; On tunnel inner arc top wall, be coated with the reflective film (3) that can the parallel sunshine that leaded light mirror (2) imports evenly be reflexed in the tunnel on the road surface everywhere.
2. transmission type sunlight according to claim 1 tunnel directly strengthens the device of illumination; It is characterized in that: described concentrator also is connected with the driving output of the system of polar coordinates type high precision tracking sunray direction, and wherein foremost sunlight signal acquiring device is installed on the plane of Fresnel line collector lens (11) in the concentrator.
3. transmission type sunlight according to claim 1 tunnel directly strengthens the device of illumination; It is characterized in that: described Fresnel line collector lens (11) is faced with the one side that transmission-type Fresnel Light-modulating mirror (12) has rib each other; Be closed by sealing surface (13), smooth one side outwardly.
4. transmission type sunlight according to claim 1 tunnel directly strengthens the device of illumination; It is characterized in that: described leaded light mirror (2) is connected with auto-guider (21); So that automatically the smooth transporting of the parallel sunshine of the enhancement mode of continuous change direction to identical with the tunnel direction and highly be in arc area space, top, tunnel; But the optical axis and the angle between the tunnel top straight line of the light of being carried by the leaded light mirror are β; And tg β=H/S, wherein H is the height of directional light, S is the air line distance of carrying in the tunnel.
5. transmission type sunlight according to claim 1 tunnel directly strengthens the device of illumination; It is characterized in that: also be provided with the transparent brightness buffering building (4) of steel structure on the highway in the outside certain distance of described tunnel import and export, concentrator and be installed on this brightness buffering building (4) with the corresponding leaded light mirror of concentrator (2).
6. transmission type sunlight according to claim 1 tunnel directly strengthens the device of illumination; It is characterized in that: described if just there is the tunnel that turns round in the entrance in the tunnel; In the tunnel top side match with leaded light mirror (2) and (perhaps one group) plane leaded light mirror (20) that need not dispose automatic tracking system is installed, that realizes parallel sunshine correspondingly turns round and transmits farther distance.
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| CN201210086376XA CN102620232A (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Transmission-type sunlight tunnel direct enhanced illumination device |
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| CN201210086376XA CN102620232A (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Transmission-type sunlight tunnel direct enhanced illumination device |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103185283A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-07-03 | 珠海中电数码科技有限公司 | High-efficiency energy-saving light refraction illuminating system |
| CN106594666A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-04-26 | 重庆大学 | Tunnel entrance lighting system |
| CN108775543A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-09 | 重庆和其光光电科技有限公司 | A kind of lighting structure of solar energy light guide energy efficient lighting system |
| WO2019006579A1 (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-10 | 博立多媒体控股有限公司 | Fresnel condenser device and condenser-type solar energy system |
| CN109458599A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-12 | 江西苏洋太阳能科技有限公司 | Optical illumination equipment is taken suitable for tunnel face |
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Cited By (5)
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Application publication date: 20120801 |