CN102618795B - Smelting process of nitrogenous high alloy heat-resistant steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N - Google Patents
Smelting process of nitrogenous high alloy heat-resistant steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting process of nitrogenous high alloy heat-resistant steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N, which includes preparing a steel ladle, primary smelting in an electric arc furnace, refining the steel ladle and blowing nitrogen from the bottom of the ladle. The nitrogen which is rich in sources and low-price is used as material, the nitrogen is blown to molten steel for nitrogen alloying, and accordingly production cost of nitrogenous steel is lowered greatly. Alloy recovery efficiency is improved by reasonable processes, so that the problem that chemical components are difficult to control is solved, and the metallurgical quality of molten steel is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of smelting, refer more particularly to the smelting technology of nitrogenous heat-resistant high alloy steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N.
Background technology
Along with development and national economy, high-temperature oxidation resistance is good, creep rupture strength is high, thermal fatigue property is good and of many uses because of having for nitrogenous high temperature steel, constantly increase as the demand to high temperature steel in building materials, metallurgy, chemical industry and the power industry, ZG3Cr24Ni7N belongs to nitrogenous heat-resistant high alloy steel, have good oxidation-resistance and hot strength, use temperature can reach 1050 ℃, is commonly used for silicon-steel sheet annealing stove inner cover, carburizing retort, annealing furnace base plate, process furnace bottom roller, stove pawl, ammonia synthesis unit supporting plate and boiler tube etc.
The smelting past of the nitrogenous heat-resistant high alloy steel foundry goods of ZG3Cr24Ni7N is smelted fractional melting, oxidation, three phases of reduction through the electric arc furnace smelting cast, and there is following defective in this smelting process:
(1), the alloying of nitrogen generally adds nitro-alloy (as nitrided ferro-chromium, nitrogenize ferromanganese) and realizes smelting the later stage, nitrided ferro-chromium, the general foreign matter content of nitrogenize ferromanganese are higher, pollute molten steel;
(2), since nitro-alloy cost an arm and a leg, the recovery rate of nitrogen is lower during alloying, the alloy smelting cost is very high;
(3), chemical ingredients is difficult to control, causes compositions such as carbon, nitrogen offscale easily;
(4), the Chrome metal powder demand is big, and rate of recovery instability causes waste easily;
(5), fusing and oxidising process be blown into a large amount of oxygen, causes molten steel oxygen level height, inclusion and gas content height, cast(ing) surface easily produces pore, the scrap rate height;
(6), molten steel viscosity height, be difficult for cast.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the smelting technology that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of nitrogenous heat-resistant high alloy steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N, utilize aboundresources and cheap nitrogen to make raw material,, can reduce the production cost of nitrogenous steel significantly by carry out the alloying of nitrogen to the molten steel nitrogen flushing.Improve alloy recovery by rational technology, solved the uppity difficult problem of chemical ingredients, improved the molten steel metallurgical quality.
For realizing the purpose of foregoing invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The smelting technology of described nitrogenous heat-resistant high alloy steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N, its technical process are that ladle preparation → electric arc furnace just refines → ladle refining+bag bottom blowing nitrogen, wherein:
(1), ladle is prepared
Conscientiously check each position of ladle, ladle is installed slide gate nozzle, slide plate and is filled out drainage sand; Require ladle baking more than 4 hours, the ladle temperature reaches more than 800 ℃;
(2), electric furnace just refines
A), batching;
Consider that refining period, alloy had 40～50% add-on, should allocate 60～50% steel scrap during batching into;
B), charging
Steel scrap is packed in the electric furnace, and mat formation more than or equal to the quickened lime of 2t in the bottom of electric furnace;
C), fusing
The electrode lower end forms the molten bath, promptly begins oxygen blast and fluxes, making foamed slag, a large amount of slagging dephosphorizations;
D), adjust the chemical ingredients tapping
Tapping temperature is 1650～1680 ℃, and P in the molten steel≤0.006%, adds alloy and pre-melted slag before the tapping, and the add-on of alloy should make C:0.10～0.18% in the molten steel, Mn:0.3%, and Si:0.8%, the add-on of aluminium adds 1Kg by molten steel per ton and calculates and add;
(3), ladle refining+bag bottom blowing nitrogen
A), bag BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING
Ladle refining adopts electric-arc heating, and alr mode stirs for the bag BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING;
B), feed the aluminum steel pre-deoxidation
In molten steel, feed aluminum steel by molten steel feeding aluminum steel 0.33Kg per ton;
C), slag making
In molten steel, add lime, fluorite and diffusion deoxidizer;
D), temperature raising
Improve fast more than the temperature to 1640 ℃ of molten steel, adjust chemical ingredients;
E), alloying
Calculate nickel respectively according to the specification lower limit 7.00% of nickel composition among the ZG3Cr24Ni7N and the specification lower limit 23.00% of chromium component, the add-on of chromium, in molten steel, add nickel plate and ferrochrome, nitrided ferro-chromium (nitrogen is disregarded scaling loss and added nitrided ferro-chromium by 0.3%), and add ferrochrome earlier and add nitrided ferro-chromium again, must in advance the ladle bottom blowing argon gas be replaced as ladle bottom blowing nitrogen before adding nitrided ferro-chromium, nitrogen pressure 2.5～3.5kg, flow 45～65L/min, ferrochrome will divide three to four batches of addings, a collection of ferrochrome melts fully before will guaranteeing before a collection of adding in back, after the ferrochrome add-on reaches 70%, the sampling total analysis is adjusted the add-on of alloying element to specification requirement according to sampling result;
F), keep furnace atmosphere
All the time guarantee pressure-fired in the stove, add slag charge in good time, keep reducing atmosphere;
G), tapping
Tapping temperature is 1580～1590 ℃;
H), feed the aluminum steel final deoxygenation
In molten steel, feed aluminum steel by molten steel 0.33Kg per ton;
I), nitrogen flushing is handled
Molten steel is handled in nitrogen flushing, nitrogen pressure 1～1.5kg, and flow 20～30L/min guarantees that there is minor fluctuations on the molten steel surface, it is bright to meet molten steel;
J), bleed off drainage sand
Guarantee that drainage sand puts only;
K), cast
Playing the bag teeming temperature is 1540～1560 ℃.
Because adopt aforesaid technical scheme, the present invention has following superiority:
1, chemical ingredients is easy to control, and C, N etc. can stablize and enters specification;
2, metallurgical quality improves, gas and be mingled with minimizing;
3, alloy reclaims and stablizes, and waste reduces;
4, nitrogen flushing alloying reduces the chromium nitride consumption, and cost reduces.
Embodiment
The present invention is mainly used in smelting and the cast of nitrogenous heat-resistant high alloy steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N, for example: the smelting cast of the car body up and down in ￠ 4.0 * 11.7m converter, technology weight 31.8t, plan molten steel amount 36t, electric furnace goes out the 20t molten steel, alloy consumption 18t.Reference to standard JB/T6403-92, chemical ingredients is as follows: C:0.27-0.37%, Si:1.30-2.00%, Mn:0.30-0.80%, S≤0.030%, P≤0.035%, Cr:23.00-26.00%, Ni:7.00-8.70%, N:0.20-0.30%.Concrete process implementing is as follows:
(1), ladle is prepared
Use the 40t ladle, each position of ladle is checked normal, toasts 6 hours, and temperature reaches 800
More than ℃.Check gas permeable brick before collecting molten steel, ventilative good.
(2), use the 30t electric arc furnace just to refine
A), batching
Allocate in steel cuttings 11t, stub bar 15t, the pig iron 8t(stove and stay molten steel 10t);
B), charging
Steel scrap is packed in the electric furnace, and at the quickened lime of the shop, bottom of electric furnace 4t;
C), fusing
The electrode lower end forms the molten bath, and promptly begin oxygen blast and flux, making foamed slag, a large amount of slagging dephosphorizations,
D), adjust the chemical ingredients tapping
1680 ℃ of liquid steel temperatures, P:0.006% in the steel, C:0. 10%, tapping.In molten steel, add 500Kg pre-melted slag and Si-Mn alloy 200Kg, Si-Fe alloy 300Kg, aluminium 20Kg during tapping.Go out the 19.4t molten steel;
(3) ladle refining+bag bottom blowing nitrogen
A), bag BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING
The bag argon bottom-blowing, argon flow amount 60L/min, pressure 3Kg, molten steel face have obvious air-flow to gush out;
B), feed the aluminum steel pre-deoxidation
Feed aluminum steel 12Kg to molten steel;
C), slag making
Adding lime and fluorite are made thin slag in molten steel, have avoided molten steel air-breathing in the temperature raising process, add carbon dust and sial iron powder and make reducing slag;
D), temperature raising
Chemical ingredients is adjusted in fast temperature raising to 1690 ℃;
E), alloying
Add first low carbon ferrochromium alloy, every afterwards temperature raising 10-15 minute, temperature added 4 batches of low carbon ferrochromium alloys altogether adding a collection of low carbon ferrochromium alloy more than 1630, every batch of add-on is respectively 2140kg, 1650kg, 4030kg and 3000kg, amounts to 10820kg.During liquid steel temperature 1682, add Ni plate 2600kg subsequently.Sampling analysis after 20 minutes, C:0.19%, Cr:19.20%, Ni:7.70%, N:0.02%, the bag BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING stirs and changes the nitrogen flushing stirring into, nitrogen pressure 3kg, flow 60L/min adds chromium nitride 1200kg, add medium carbon ferrochrome alloy 2000kg again, Si-Fe alloy 250kg.In the time of 33 minutes, 1644 ℃ of samplings of liquid steel temperature C:0.28%, Mn:0.55%, Cr:21.50%, Ni:7.30%, N:0.23%, middle chromium 100kg, Ni plate 140kg.Take a sample after 20 minutes C:0.30%, Mn:0.55%, Si:1.63%, Cr:22.65%, Ni7.35%, N:0.25% (sample 1), N:0.21%(sample 2), add low chromium 1000kg.Sampling after 30 minutes: C:0.30%, Mn:0.51%, Si:1.54%, Cr:23.60%, Ni:7.33%, N:0.22%;
F), keep furnace atmosphere
Pressure-fired atmosphere keeps good in the stove, successively adds sial iron powder and carbon dust four times, is respectively: sial iron powder 20Kg and carbon dust 20Kg, sial iron powder 25Kg and carbon dust 25Kg, sial iron powder 20Kg and carbon dust 20Kg, sial iron powder 45Kg and carbon dust 25Kg;
G), tapping
Molten steel chemical ingredients: C:0.37%, Si:1.54%, Mn:0.50%, S:0.006%, P:0.025%, Cr:24.60%, Ni:7.30%, N:0.27%, 1589 ℃ of tappings of temperature.
H), feed the aluminum steel final deoxygenation
To molten steel feeding aluminum steel 12Kg;
I), nitrogen flushing is handled
Molten steel is handled in nitrogen flushing, nitrogen pressure 1.5kg, and flow 30L/min guarantees that there is minor fluctuations on the molten steel surface, it is bright to fail to meet molten steel.
J), bleed off drainage sand
Emit whole drainage sand, put steel amount 0.5t and put only to guarantee drainage sand;
K), cast
Play 1558 ℃ of bag teeming temperatures, cast is normal.
Concrete result of implementation is: actual molten steel amount 37.51t, before the rate of recovery 82.7%(of N 40%～75%), before the rate of recovery 97.5%(of Cr 90%～95%), chemical Composition Control satisfies specification requirement, bag BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING and nitrogen flushing are effectively removed gas and are mingled with, and finish casting pouring smoothly.
Claims (1)
1. the smelting technology of a nitrogenous heat-resistant high alloy steel ZG3Cr24Ni7N is characterized in that: technical process comprises ladle preparation → electric arc furnace just refines → and ladle refining+bag bottom blowing nitrogen, wherein:
(1), ladle is prepared
Conscientiously check each position of ladle, ladle is installed slide gate nozzle, slide plate and is filled out drainage sand; Require ladle baking more than 4 hours, the ladle temperature reaches more than 800 ℃;
(2), electric furnace just refines
A), batching;
Consider that refining period, alloy had 40～50% add-on, should allocate 60～50% steel scrap during batching into;
B), charging
Steel scrap is packed in the electric furnace, and mat formation more than or equal to the quickened lime of 2t in the bottom of electric furnace;
C), fusing
The electrode lower end forms the molten bath, promptly begins oxygen blast and fluxes, making foamed slag, a large amount of slagging dephosphorizations;
D), adjust the chemical ingredients tapping
Tapping temperature is 1650～1680 ℃, and P in the molten steel≤0.006%, adds alloy and pre-melted slag before the tapping, and the add-on of alloy should make C:0.10～0.18% in the molten steel, Mn:0.3%, and Si:0.8%, the add-on of aluminium adds 1kg by molten steel per ton and calculates and add;
(3), ladle refining+bag bottom blowing nitrogen
A), bag BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING
Ladle refining adopts electric-arc heating, and alr mode stirs for the bag BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING;
B), feed the aluminum steel pre-deoxidation
In molten steel, feed aluminum steel by molten steel feeding aluminum steel 0.33kg per ton;
C), slag making
In molten steel, add lime, fluorite and diffusion deoxidizer;
D), temperature raising
Improve fast more than the temperature to 1640 ℃ of molten steel, adjust chemical ingredients;
E), alloying
Calculate nickel respectively according to the specification lower limit 7.00% of nickel composition among the ZG3Cr24Ni7N and the specification lower limit 23.00% of chromium component, the add-on of chromium, in molten steel, add nickel plate and ferrochrome, nitrided ferro-chromium, and add ferrochrome earlier and add nitrided ferro-chromium again, must in advance the ladle bottom blowing argon gas be replaced as ladle bottom blowing nitrogen before adding nitrided ferro-chromium, nitrogen pressure 2.5～3.5kg, flow 45～65L/min, ferrochrome will divide three to four batches of addings, a collection of ferrochrome melts fully before will guaranteeing before a collection of adding in back, after the ferrochrome add-on reaches 70%, the sampling total analysis is adjusted the add-on of alloying element to specification requirement according to sampling result;
F), keep furnace atmosphere
All the time guarantee pressure-fired in the stove, add slag charge in good time, keep reducing atmosphere;
G), tapping
Tapping temperature is 1580～1590 ℃;
H), feed the aluminum steel final deoxygenation
In molten steel, feed aluminum steel by molten steel 0.33kg per ton;
I), nitrogen flushing is handled
Molten steel is handled in nitrogen flushing, nitrogen pressure 1～1.5kg, and flow 20～30L/min guarantees that there is minor fluctuations on the molten steel surface, it is bright to meet molten steel;
J), bleed off drainage sand
Guarantee that drainage sand puts only;
K), cast
Playing the bag teeming temperature is 1540～1560 ℃.
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| CN102994898A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-27 | 乐山沙湾天华机械制造有限责任公司 | Casting method of C12A material casting piece for supercritical unit |
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| CN104694704B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-11-23 | 山东瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 | The vacuum metling technique of nitrogen austenite heat resisting steel |
| CN106884073B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-06-21 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | A kind of Adding Way preparing high nitrogen ferrochrome alloy during cast steel |
| CN110014248A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-16 | 丹阳市华龙特钢有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Ni-based high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion welding wire |
| CN110016625B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2021-08-03 | 丹阳市华龙特钢有限公司 | High-purity corrosion-resistant alloy material |
| CN111411288B (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-08-20 | 靖江新舟合金材料有限公司 | High-temperature alloy smelting method |
| CN114182161B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-08-09 | 华北理工大学 | Method for producing high-nitrogen high-manganese steel by quickly solidifying molten steel and inhibiting nitrogen from escaping |
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