CN101476087A - Fluidized bed furnace central drum alloy and production method thereof - Google Patents
Fluidized bed furnace central drum alloy and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fluid-bed furnace center barrel alloy using the chromium-nickel alloy as the essential element. The alloy comprises the following components by weight percentage: C of 0.25-.60, Cr of 26.00-30.00, Ni of 9.00-12.00, Si of 0.80-1.50, Mn of 1.00-2.00, N of 0.15-0.30, Mo of 0.20-0.50, W of 0.50-1.00, Ti of 0.20-0.60, Nb of 0.20-0.60, V of 0.20-0.50, Re of 0.20-0.50, S<=0.04, P<=0.05, and Fe of the rest.The manufacturing process of the fluid-bed furnace center barrel comprises steps of moulding preparation, smelting and pouring and thermal treatment. The invention solves a technical problem that the existing fluid-bed furnace center barrel is non-wear-resistant and strain cracking under a high temperature, and the invention has three main advantages of high stretching and rigidity specific elongation index at normal temperature, strong oxidation resistance and antiwear quality at high temperature and service life longer than that of the existing products.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of high temperature wear resistant alloy material, particularly relate to a kind of fluidizing furnace central tube alloy and production method thereof.Especially relate to a kind of aluminium hydroxide fluidizing furnace central tube alloy and production method thereof.
Background technology:
Aluminium hydroxide complete sets of equipment device moves under the condition of high temperature mostly, and wherein hold the core position that warmware often is positioned at high temperature service, hold the warmware quality good or not, directly influence entire equipment and normally move.Wherein, fluidizing furnace is whole alumina producing important device, is the key equipment that the finished product stage, is related to the productivity effect of whole company, holds thermal part and central tube is the key of fluidizing furnace.Aluminium hydroxide becomes aluminum oxide through high-temperature calcination, and the high temperature alumina material is come out to fall into the central tube district along the hand of spiral by calcining zone, carries out sorting after reaching cooling.The fluidizing furnace central tube diameter of present domestic use is generally Φ 2500mm-3000mm, height 1500mm-2000mm, deadweight 2-3 ton.Central tube places the bottom, combustion zone, about 1000 ℃ of envrionment temperatures, and in the production process, the oxidation at high temperature of central tube metallic surface is subjected to erosion, the wearing and tearing of high-temperature material simultaneously again, adds bigger action of gravity, and creep and cracking easily take place in central tube.Mainly by stainless steel plate weldering system, the damage mode mainly is an oxidative wear to the fluidizing furnace central tube at present, secondly is distortion, weld bond cracking.The fluidizing furnace central tube makes the worn out or strain cracking of its reduced thickness because of the high temperature oxidation wearing and tearing.Thereby force to produce and shut down maintenance completely; overhaul procedure: shutdown-cooling--maintenance (or installation)--intensification---operation. maintenance once need be shut down 3-10 days completely; direct economic loss just reaches hundreds thousand of units; at present; Chinese large-sized Chinalco mainly adopts sintering process and releases your method and produce aluminum oxide, and its fluidizing furnace central tube material is 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel plate and chromium manganese nitrogen high temperature steel, only 2-3 month work-ing life; need stop production to overhaul 4-6 time every year, loses huge.
In recent years, there was certain development in China aspect high-temperature anti-abrasion material research.As patent of invention CN1418975A, a kind of superelevation carbon Cr-Ni-C high temperature wear resistant alloy material of BJ University of Aeronautics ﹠ Astronautics's research and development, this alloy material is mainly elementary composition by Cr, Ni, three kinds of C, mainly applies to 850 ℃ of mechanical wears, erosive wear under the condition etc.; " a kind of high-temperature antiwear alloy steel and the production method thereof " of patent of invention CN1335417A Hunan Province Gao Ke company limited research and development is mainly used in and makes the employed roll of steel rolling production-line, guide and guard wheel and foreplate in the iron and steel metallurgical industry.At alumina industry fluidizing furnace central tube high temperature wear resistant alloy material, at present domestic also do not have the new type high temperature high-abrasive material to come out, and therefore, the exploitation of new high temperature wear resistant alloy material fluidizing furnace central tube is an alumina industry great technical task anxious to be solved.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of fluidizing furnace central tube alloy and production method thereof are provided, thereby solve the wear-resisting problem of fluidizing furnace central tube under hot conditions more than 1000 ℃.
The technical scheme that the present invention is taked for the technical solution problem is:
1. fluidizing furnace central tube alloy, with the wipla is principal element, with nitrogen, titanium, niobium, tungsten, carbon, silicon, manganese, rare earth is an auxiliary element, it is characterized in that: the composition and the weight percent thereof of described fluidizing furnace central tube alloy are: carbon C 0.25~0.60, chromium Cr 26.00~30.00, nickel 9.00~12.00, silicon Si 0.80~1.50, manganese Mn 1.00~2.00, nitrogen N 0.15~0.30, molybdenum Mo 0.20~0.50, tungsten W 0.50~1.00, titanium Ti 0.20~0.60, niobium Nb 0.20~0.60, vanadium V 0.20~0.50, rare earth Re 0.20~0.50, sulphur S ≦ 0.04, phosphorus P ≦ 0.05, surplus is iron Fe.
2. the production method of described fluidizing furnace central tube alloy is characterized in that realizing by following concrete production technique:
A, molding sand are prepared: select for use natural siliceous sand (sio 〉=98%, granularity 40-70 orders), water glass (modulus 2.2-2.5, density 50 degree Beaume) by suitable proportioning, the system of mixing is standby after 4~6 minutes.
B, moulding preparation: behind design requirements making fluidizing furnace central tube mould, mould is put into special shape mo(u)lding box, (comprising suitable cast gate, rising head model) adds mixed molding sand that makes and suitable consolidation, sends into VRH vacuum displacement curing system.
C, sclerosis group type: in VRH vacuum displacement curing system, vacuumized (vacuum tightness 98) earlier 2 minutes, be blown into CO2 gas then, blow gas pressure 0.150~0.258Mpa, gassing time is 1~2 minute, makes the sodium silicate sand sclerosis, possesses certain intensity, the sand mold die cavity that mould is taken out back formation makes up, with to be cast.
D, smelting and pouring: returns, stainless steel waste material, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and these raw materials of nickel plate by melting in suitable proportion and the order specified adding electric furnace, are detected and adjust chemical ingredients with direct reading spectrometry; Titanium ti faces the preceding adding of coming out of the stove after deoxidation, the previous crops composition analysis of coming out of the stove; Rare earth Re added at the bag end, poured molten steel.Final analysis is done in sampling before the cast.Wherein, 1650~1680 ℃ of tapping temperatures, 1520~1580 ℃ of teeming temperatures, cast fast;
E, thermal treatment: the workpiece after the finishing is carried out solution treatment 1050 ℃~1100 ℃ the time, be heated to 850~900 ℃ afterwards, be incubated 2~4 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove then.
3. the production method at described high-temperature wearable fluidizing furnace center is characterized in that: in step " a ", and the SiO of described natural siliceous sand raw material
2Content is greater than 98%, granularity 40~70 orders; The weight part proportioning of described natural siliceous sand and sodium silicate sand is: 100 parts of natural siliceous sands, 5 parts of water glass; The modulus of described water glass requires to be M=2.2~2.5.
Positive beneficial effect of the present invention is: solved not attrition resistant technical problem under the existing fluidizing furnace central tube hot conditions.Its advantage outstanding behaviours is aspect following three: the one, and normal temperature lower pulling force, hardness unit elongation index height; The 2nd, oxidation-resistance is strong under the hot conditions; Three are to use the life-span obviously to be better than currently available products.
(1), pulling force, hardness unit elongation index height.Mechanical property such as table 1 under the alloy material normal temperature of the present invention:
Table 1 fluidizing furnace central tube of the present invention alloy material mechanical property
(2), antioxidant property is strong.Antioxidant property under the alloy material hot conditions of the present invention is undertaken by smelting mark YB48-84 regulation, carries out test in 150 hours at 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃ respectively, and the gained data are: in the time of 1000 ℃, average oxidation speed of weight increment is 0.0213 gram/m2h; Average oxidation speed of weight increment is 0.3289 gram/m2h in the time of 1200 ℃, contrast (seeing Table 2) as can be known with the oxidation rank evaluation criteria of YB48-84 steel: high temperature wear resistant alloy of the present invention is oxidation resistant fully at 1000 ℃, at 1200 ℃ is oxidation resistant, sees the anti-oxidant rank evaluation of YB48-84 steel in the table 2 for details:
The anti-oxidant rank evaluation of table 2 YB48-84 steel
Anti-oxidant rank | Oxidation-resistance | V-bar (g/m2h) |
1 | Anti-oxidant fully | ≦0.1 |
2 | Anti-oxidant | 0.1-1.0 |
3 | Inferior anti-oxidant | 1.0-3.0 |
4 | Weak anti-oxidant | 3.0-10.0 |
5 | Not anti-oxidant | >10.0 |
(3), long service life.
The fluidizing furnace central tube that present China aluminum oxide industry uses, work-ing life are 2-3 month, and high temperature wear resistant alloy fluidizing furnace central tube of the present invention uses through Shandong Aluminium Industrial Corp, Central Region Chinalco, life-span is all more than 16 months, prolong the work-ing life of product exponentially, reduced alumina production cost.
Embodiment:
For understanding the present invention better, be described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
1, the chemical composition design of fluidizing furnace central tube:
Chemical ingredients is the key factor of decision alloy property, solve the wear-resisting problem of metal under the hot conditions, must at first carry out the reasonable component design.Through comprehensive comparative analysis, the present invention determines based on chromium, nickelalloy, adopts leading alloy factor (chromium, nickel) to combine the component alloy material with auxiliary element (nitrogen, titanium, niobium, tungsten, rare earth).Doing one like this is to be the acquisition austenitic matrix, the 2nd, and for forming MC type carbide and reducing M23C6 type thing, to guarantee oxidation-resistance, creep resistance and the wear resistance under the alloy material high temperature.
Chromium Cr: be mainly used in the oxidation-resistance and the solidity to corrosion that improve alloy material.Chromium is very fast formation layer oxide film in Oxidant, and this film has quite high chemical stability, is surrounded on the surface of steel, and for guaranteeing the oxidation-resistance of this material 1000~1200 ℃ the time, its chrome content is designed to 26~30%.
Nickel: nickel plays a part to facilitate and stable austenite in stainless steel and high temperature steel, improves the hot strength and the creep resistance of alloy.For guaranteeing to obtain the high-temperature behavior of austenite and material, so in material, nickel is defined as 9.0~12%.
Carbon C: carbon can influence very big to rigidity.If carbon content is low excessively in the alloy, less than 0.25% o'clock, it formed MC type carbide ability and can reduce.Carbon content is too high, then can reduce the plasticity and the toughness of alloy material.Consider the hot strength of alloy material, oxidation-resistance and processing characteristics (castability, welding property, machinability), the effect of analysis-by-synthesis carbon, this alloy material is controlled at 0.25~0.60% with carbon.
Nitrogen N: increase the nitrogen content in the steel, can enlarge the austenitic area, improve the just middle Ovshinsky scale of construction, reduce the content of precious metal nickel simultaneously.Nitrogenous 0.13~0.33 o'clock steel be organized as ferrite and austenite, when nitrogen reaches 0.58, just can obtain single austenite structure.But, then can produce pore in the foundry goods, and when nitrogen content is lower than 0.35, then generally can not produce pore, so the design is controlled at nitrogen content in 0.15~0.35% scope if the nitrogen in steel amount is too high.
Silicon Si and manganese Mn: silicon can improve the hardening capacity of alloy, but the performance that reduces alloy plasticity is arranged; Manganese is austenitic forming element, suitably adds Mn and can save Ni, but consider silicon and the comprehensive action of manganese in alloy, determines that silicon is controlled in 0.8~1.5 scope, and manganese is controlled in 1.0~2.0% scopes.
Tungsten W and molybdenum Mo: but the solid solution at high temperature of tungsten and molybdenum improves austenite creep rupture strength and creep resistance at high temperature in austenite.These two elements all can reduce the spread coefficient of chromium in steel simultaneously, stop the formation of Cr23C6, strengthen the solution strengthening effect of chromium.So tungsten is defined as 0.5~1.0%, molybdenum is 0.2~0.5%.
The avidity of element such as titanium, niobium, vanadium: Ti, Nb, V and C and N is extremely strong, adds in the alloy, forms the carbide and the nitride particulate of the extreme hardness that disperse distributes in process of setting.Also can improve the creep rupture strength of alloy, reduce creep and crackle.So the content of Ti, Nb, V is defined as respectively: 0.2~0.6%; 0.2~0.6%; 0.2~0.5%.
Rare earth element Re: rare earth has good deoxidation, desulfidation, adds on a small quantity in the alloy, can make this alloy at high temperature generate fine and close and the stable oxide film that is difficult for peeling off, thereby improve its oxidation-resistance and wear resistance.Practice shows, when ree content reaches 0.10% when above, above-mentioned effect can obviously show, so the present invention's design is controlled at 0.2~0.5% with rare earth element.
In sum, the composition of high temperature wear resistant alloy fluidizing furnace central tube of the present invention design following (seeing Table 3):
Table 3 fluidizing furnace central tube chemical ingredients
Element term | C | Cr | Ni | Si | Ma | N | Mo | W | Ti | Nb | V | Re | S | P | FE |
Percentage composition % | 0.25 | 0.6 | 26 | 30 | 9.0 | 12. | 0.80 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.15 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 02 | 0.6 | 02 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | ≤ 0.04 | ≦ 0.05 | Surplus |
2, the production method of alloy material of the present invention:
The present invention produces the process for making that the fluidizing furnace central tube adopted: moulding preparation--smelting and pouring----thermal treatment.
The first step, moulding preparation:
(1) moulding starting material natural siliceous sand requires SiO
2Content is greater than 98%, granularity 40/70 order; Water glass requires modulus M=2.1~2.6.(2) sodium silicate sand proportioning: natural siliceous sand 100%, water glass 8%.(3) sand mold mixes system and type selecting: dried mixed 2-~after 3 minutes, added the water glass wet mixing 4~6 minutes.Performance Detection single casting test block (test block of Y type).After casting mold is made, blow CO
2Sclerosis, (blow gas pressure 0.150~0.258Mpa, gassing time 1~2 minute is with to be cast.
Second step, smelting and pouring:
Alloy of the present invention is more because of containing alloying element, and melting should be carried out in (magnesia furnace lining) medium-frequency induction furnace in alkalescence, and melting technology adopts the non-oxidizing process melting, and the recovery rate of steel interalloy element is referring to table 4 during this technology melting:
The alkaline induction furnace non-oxidizing process steel-making of table 4 alloying element recovery rate
Element term | Alloy nomenclature | The suitable joining day | Recovery rate (%) |
Nickel | Electrolytic nickel | When filling with substance | 100 |
Molybdenum | Molybdenum-iron | When filling with substance | 100 |
Niobium | Ferro-niobium | When filling with substance | 100 |
Tungsten | Ferrotungsten | When filling with substance | 100 |
Chromium | Ferrochrome | When filling with substance | 97-98 |
Manganese | Ferromanganese, manganese metal | Came out of the stove preceding 5 minutes | 94-97 |
Nitrogen | Nitrogenized manganese, chromium nitride | Came out of the stove preceding 5 minutes | 85-95 |
Vanadium | Vanadium iron | Came out of the stove preceding 5 minutes | 95-98 |
Silicon | Ferrosilicon | Came out of the stove preceding 7-10 minute | 90 |
Titanium | Ferrotianium | Add after inserting aluminium before the tapping | 85-92 |
The present invention carries out charge calculation according to the composition of material composition design specifications and metal charge, and the major metal furnace charge that is adopted is referring to table 5:
Table 5 major metal furnace charge
During alloy material melting of the present invention, returns, stainless steel waste material, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, nickel plate etc. are by melting in proper proportion and the order specified adding electric furnace, reinforced and the fusing of common metal melting method detects and adjusts with direct reading spectrometry; The easy oxidization burning loss of metal titanium will be made alloy powder particle in advance, after deoxidation, face come out of the stove before, under the protection of special-purpose insulating covering agent, add, perform an analysis before coming out of the stove.Rare earth pours method and adds in bag, 1650~1680 ℃ of tapping temperatures, 1520~1580 ℃ of teeming temperatures, the back cast Y type of skimming test block.
The 3rd step, thermal treatment (comprising solution treatment, insulation processing):
The purpose that the present invention heat-treats this alloy material is: make Cr first
23C
6Dissolving makes its solid solution in austenite, avoids Cr
23C
6Net distribution; Second be to create good thermodynamic condition, to help the formation of high temperature stable carbides such as TiC, NbC, VC.For this reason, at first this alloy material is carried out solution treatment (air cooling) 1050~1100 ℃ the time, make most Cr
23C
6The dissolving and solid solution in austenite, and TiC (or NbC) since its high-temperature stability strong, have only the part dissolve in the austenite, in order to give full play to the effect of TiC (or NbC), after the alloy material solution treatment, reheat to 850~900 ℃, be incubated 2~4 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove then.This temperature is higher than the solid solubility temperature of chromium carbide and is lower than the solid solubility temperature of titanium carbide, has only the formation of TiC (or NbC) and chromium carbide can not form under this temperature.Through this processing, can eliminate a large amount of netted Cr
23C
6The phenomenon of effectively avoiding the fluidizing furnace central tube to crack under the stressed and thermal stresses effect of alternation prolongs work-ing life of product.
Claims (3)
1. fluidizing furnace central tube alloy, with the wipla is principal element, with nitrogen, titanium, niobium, tungsten, carbon, silicon, manganese, rare earth is an auxiliary element, it is characterized in that: the composition and the weight percent thereof of described fluidizing furnace central tube alloy are: carbon C 0.25~0.60, chromium Cr 26.00~30.00, nickel 9.00~12.00, silicon Si 0.80~1.50, manganese Mn 1.00~2.00, nitrogen N 0.15~0.30, molybdenum Mo 0.20~0.50, tungsten W 0.50~1.00, titanium Ti 0.20~0.60, niobium Nb 0.20~0.60, vanadium V 0.20~0.50, rare earth Re 0.20~0.50, sulphur S ≦ 0.04, phosphorus P ≦ 0.05, surplus is iron Fe.
2. the production method of fluidizing furnace central tube alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that realizing by following concrete production technique:
A, molding sand are prepared: select for use natural siliceous sand (sio 〉=98%, granularity 40-70 orders), water glass (modulus 2.2-2.5, density 50 degree Beaume) by suitable proportioning, the system of mixing is standby after 4~6 minutes.
B, moulding preparation: behind design requirements making fluidizing furnace central tube mould, mould is put into special shape mo(u)lding box, (comprising suitable cast gate, rising head model) adds mixed molding sand that makes and suitable consolidation, sends into VRH vacuum displacement curing system.
C, sclerosis group type: in VRH vacuum displacement curing system, vacuumized (vacuum tightness 98) earlier 2 minutes, be blown into CO2 gas then, blow gas pressure 0.150~0.258Mpa, gassing time is 1~2 minute, makes the sodium silicate sand sclerosis, possesses certain intensity, the sand mold die cavity that mould is taken out back formation makes up, with to be cast.
D, smelting and pouring: returns, stainless steel waste material, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and these raw materials of nickel plate by melting in suitable proportion and the order specified adding electric furnace, are detected and adjust chemical ingredients with direct reading spectrometry; Titanium ti faces the preceding adding of coming out of the stove after deoxidation, the previous crops composition analysis of coming out of the stove; Rare earth Re added at the bag end, poured molten steel.Final analysis is done in sampling before the cast.Wherein, 1650~1680 ℃ of tapping temperatures, 1520~1580 ℃ of teeming temperatures, cast fast;
E, thermal treatment: the workpiece after the finishing is carried out solution treatment 1050 ℃~1100 ℃ the time, be heated to 850~900 ℃ afterwards, be incubated 2~4 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove then.
3. the production method at high-temperature wearable fluidizing furnace according to claim 2 center is characterized in that: in step " a ", and the SiO of described natural siliceous sand raw material
2Content is greater than 98%, granularity 40~70 orders; The weight part proportioning of described natural siliceous sand and sodium silicate sand is: 100 parts of natural siliceous sands, 5 parts of water glass; The modulus of described water glass requires to be M=2.2~2.5.
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