CN102616156A - Device and method for detecting and elevating contact network state based on electrical capacity analysis - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting and elevating contact network state based on electrical capacity analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting and evaluating the contact network state based on electrical capacity analysis and relates to a method for detecting and evaluating the electrified railway contact network state. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage and current signals: converting the voltage and the current of the contact network to obtain a signal by an optical electronic transformer, converting the obtained signal into an electrical signal by a photoelectric detector, feeding the electrical signal into a signal conditioning circuit and carrying out amplification, filtering, A/D (Analogue/Digital) conversion, isolation and digital sampling on the electrical signal; processing the voltage and current signals: extracting a high-frequency component of the voltage and current signals, which is obtained by sampling, and carrying out computing processing on the high-frequency component; and estimating the contact network: according to the calculation result, evaluating the work state of the contact network and giving out an evaluation result. According to the method and the device disclosed by the invention, the detecting and evaluating result is accurate, the state of the contact network can be better grasped and the state overhaul of the contact network is facilitated to be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrification railway contact net status detection and evaluation method.
Background technology
Electrified railway shared proportion in railway transportation progressively increases; Importance is more and more outstanding; As the facility to electric locomotive power supply, contact system is because work under bad environment, and is no subsequent use and become the weak link of electrified railway; The part railway line for passenger traffic that recent years, China just opened the train delays that causes because of the contact system fault all occurred at the operation initial stage, has caused bigger economic loss and bad social influence.
Help instructing the state maintenance of contact net equipment for the accurate evaluation of contact system state, improve the operation management level of contact system, thereby reduce the probability that fault takes place, reduce the maintenance cost of contact net equipment, improve the reliability of electrified railway operation.
Current, Static Detection and two kinds of methods of detection of dynamic are mainly passed through in the evaluation of contact system state.Detection of dynamic is meant detecting device or equipment is installed on the special-purpose inspection vehicle, contact system is carried out the parameter measurement under the real-world operation state; Static Detection is the daily attention property detection of manual pick with portable check implement, also has at present to adopt vehicle-mounted contactless detection device to realize Static Detection.These two kinds of method of inspections all are that the geometric parameter of contact system structure is measured, and judge through the relation between geometric parameter and the standard value state of contact system to belong to a kind of Indirect evaluation method; Can occur the situation of detection of dynamic and the mutual contradiction of Static Detection evaluation result in some cases, bring puzzlement on site maintenance work, for hidden danger has been buried in safe operation.
Summary of the invention
First technical matters to be solved by this invention is: a kind of contact system status detection and evaluating apparatus of analyzing based on electric parameters is provided; Thereby the confession stream situation of contact system was analyzed the mode of operation that obtains contact system when this device flowed through locomotive is got, and then the state of contact system is made evaluation.
Second technical matters to be solved by this invention is: a kind of contact system status detection and evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters is provided; Thereby the confession stream situation of contact system was analyzed the mode of operation that obtains contact system when it flowed through locomotive is got, and then the state of contact system is made evaluation.
In order to solve above-mentioned first technical matters; The present invention proposes a kind of contact system status detection and evaluating apparatus of analyzing based on electric parameters; Comprise the sensor that is installed on the pantograph major loop; Said sensor is an optical electron formula transformer, and its voltage, electric current to the contact system that collects carries out conversion, and the gained signal is issued data acquisition unit; And also comprise:
Data acquisition unit, it comprises photodetector, signal conditioner and data trap; After the signal that photodetector sends optical electron formula transformer converts electric signal to, send to signal conditioner and handle, send to data trap after the wherethrough reason and carry out A/D conversion and sampling processing;
Check and analysis and evaluating apparatus, it receives the sample information from data trap, and the voltage, the current signal that obtain are handled; Extract and calculate its high fdrequency component; According to result calculated, the mode of operation of contact system is made an appraisal, and the output evaluation result.
Preferably: said data trap comprises and is used for flush bonding processor that numerical information is sampled.
Preferably, it also comprises the read out instrument that is used to show said evaluation result, and evaluation result inputs to read out instrument, and read out instrument is treated to visual information with evaluation result.
In order to solve above-mentioned second technical matters, the present invention proposes a kind of contact system status detection and evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters, and it may further comprise the steps:
The step that voltage, current signal are gathered: optical electron formula transformer carries out conversion to voltage, the electric current of contact system; The signal of gained is converted into electric signal by photodetector and sends into signal conditioning circuit; After amplification, filtering, handle through A/D conversion, isolation and digital sample;
The processed steps of voltage, current signal: extract the sample voltage that obtains, the high fdrequency component of current signal, it is carried out computing;
The step of the assessment of contact system state: according to the aforementioned calculation process result, the mode of operation of contact system is made evaluation, provide evaluation result.
Preferably: voltage, current signal that sampling is obtained carry out wavelet decomposition, weigh arc stiffness according to high fdrequency component relative energy entropy, provide evaluation result;
Wherein, according to formula definition high fdrequency component relative energy entropy
:
Preferably: the wavelet energy entropy is used in the calculating of said high fdrequency component relative energy entropy
, defines the wavelet energy entropy according to formula:
The definition of wavelet energy entropy
, signal at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy constantly is:
Wherein
;
is that signal is at j yardstick k Wavelet Energy Spectrum constantly,
.
High fdrequency component relative energy entropy is used for weighing arc stiffness;
;
and
on the molecule are respectively the energy entropys of voltage and current high fdrequency component;
and
on the denominator then are respectively the energy entropys of voltage and current power frequency component;
,
is the relative value of two entropys.
Wherein, The definition
that the calculating of voltage and current high fdrequency component energy entropy
on the molecule and the energy entropy
of the voltage and current power frequency component on
and the denominator and
will be used the wavelet energy entropy abbreviates formula one as.
For signal at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy constantly; Get different yardsticks, just can obtain the wavelet energy entropy (after the wavelet decomposition, certain corresponding relation being arranged between yardstick and the frequency) of high fdrequency component and power frequency component respectively; In this example; The energy entropy of high fdrequency component is used is that the parameter of d1 yardstick (high frequency) after the wavelet decomposition is calculated, and the energy entropy of power frequency component is to calculate with the parameter of d5 yardstick (frequency is relatively low), calculates and all by formula one calculates.
Preferably: the frequency of said voltage and current high fdrequency component is 2.5k ~ 5kHz.
Preferably: the frequency of said voltage and current power frequency component is 50Hz.
Preferably: current signal carries out 5 layers of wavelet decomposition.
Preferably: evaluation result is presented on the computer interface.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Compare with existing method, characteristics of the present invention are:
One, judge the state of contact system through electric quantitative analysis, determination methods is more directly perceived.The main purpose of contact system is in order to realize the good confession stream to electric locomotive, and is visible, and the situation of contact system confession stream and the state of contact system are directly related.Current information when getting stream through analyzing locomotive can obtain the visual evaluation of contact system state.
Two, utilize optical electron formula transformer that voltage, the electric current of contact system are carried out conversion, it is more accurate to obtain signal.Optics transformer volume is little, precision is high, does not exist the magnetic circuit saturation problem, and can obtain the high-frequency signal of primary side, and the electric arc amount that is produced when helping the bow net off-line detects.
Three, utilize electric arc relative energy entropy that the state of contact system is realized quantitative evaluation.After getting access to the voltage, current signal of contact system, utilize wavelet transformation to extract its high fdrequency component, and calculate the relative energy entropy of electric arc.The contact system state is poor more, and the distance that pantograph and contact system break away from is big more, and the electric arc relative energy entropy that obtains is just big more.Utilize electric arc relative energy entropy can the state of contact system be quantized, help making up historical data base, for the repair based on condition of component of contact net equipment provides condition.
Four, the present invention realizes simply, is easy to using.This method only needs on the Contact Line Detection car, to install additional optical electron formula transformer and data acquisition unit, can realize through the simple extension to existing inspection vehicle.
Detection of the present invention and evaluation result are accurate, can better grasp the state of contact system, help realizing the repair based on condition of component of contact system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a product structure scheme drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of data acquisition unit.
Fig. 3 is the variation diagram of wavelet energy entropy under the feeder current d1 yardstick when having bow net electric arc.
The variation diagram of the relative energy entropy of arc discharge when Fig. 4 is different length.
Fig. 5 is the variation diagram of electric arc relative energy entropy with arc length.
The specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of contact system status detection and evaluating apparatus of analyzing based on electric parameters; It comprises the sensor that is installed on the pantograph major loop; Sensor is an optical electron formula transformer; Its voltage, electric current to the contact system that collects carries out conversion, and the gained signal is issued data acquisition unit.Apparatus of the present invention also comprise:
Data acquisition unit, it comprises photodetector, signal conditioner and data trap; After the signal that photodetector sends optical current mutual inductor converts electric signal to, send to signal conditioner and handle, send to data trap after the wherethrough reason and carry out A/D conversion and sampling processing;
Check and analysis and evaluating apparatus; It receives the sample information from data trap; Voltage, current signal to obtaining are handled, and extract its high fdrequency component and calculate electric arc relative energy entropy, according to the electric arc relative energy entropy that calculates; Mode of operation to contact system is made an appraisal, and the output evaluation result.
Said apparatus is through following state-detection and the evaluation that realizes contact system based on the contact system status detection and the evaluation method of electric parameters analysis, and this method may further comprise the steps:
The step that current signal is gathered: the optics transformer carries out conversion to voltage, the electric current of contact system, and the signal of gained is converted into electric signal by photodetector and sends into signal conditioning circuit, after its amplification, filtering, handles through A/D conversion, isolation and digital sample;
The processed steps of voltage, current signal: extract the sample voltage that obtains, the high fdrequency component of current signal, and calculate electric arc relative energy entropy;
The step of the assessment of contact system state: according to the electric arc relative energy entropy that calculates, the mode of operation of contact system is made evaluation, provide evaluation result.
Below through embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 1; On the power circuit of the pantograph 5 of the inspection vehicle 6 of contact system, optical electron formula transformer 1 is installed; Secondary side installation data harvester 2 at optical electron formula transformer 1; Optical electron formula transformer 1 is the signal that is easy to measure with voltage, current transformation in the contact system, delivers to data acquisition unit 2.Installing terminal computing machine 3 on inspection vehicle 6.Terminal computer 3 is as check and analysis and evaluating apparatus.As shown in Figure 2, data acquisition unit 2 is made up of photodetector 21, signal conditioning circuit 22, data collecting card 20, and data collecting card 20 comprises A/D converter 23 and flush bonding processor 24 compositions.
Adopt this routine Contact Line Detection device to the method that the contact system state detects and estimates, the steps include:
1) voltage, current signal collection: the optical electron formula transformer 1 that is installed in the pantograph major loop is to deliver to data acquisition unit 2 behind the signal that is easy to measure with voltage, current transformation in the contact system 4; After photodetector 21 detection and converting electric signal into; After filtering, amplification, deliver to data trap 20 by signal conditioning circuit 22; Under the control of flush bonding processor 24, sampled, sampling frequency is not less than 1KHz, and sampled result is delivered to terminal computer 3.
2) processing of voltage, current signal: voltage, current signal that 3 pairs of samplings of terminal computer obtain carry out wavelet transformation; Generally voltage, current signal are carried out 5 layers and (but be not limited to 5 layers; The number of plies requires decision by the data-handling capacity of terminal computer and data handing) wavelet decomposition, calculate the electric arc relative energy entropy of its high fdrequency component.
3) assessment of contact system state: terminal computer is according to the electric arc relative energy entropy that calculates; Compare with preset standard; To the judgement that the state of contact system is made, for example " well " " flaw " " is badly in need of maintenance ", and the result is presented on the computer interface.
Two kinds of electric quantitative analyses when utilizing locomotive to get stream below are detailed are weighed the embodiment of the method for the uneven compliance of contact system; But following analysis mode is not construed as limiting the invention; Any through reasoning from logic, the analysis means that is equal to replacement is all in protection scope of the present invention.
The pantograph of locomotive and contact wire are the systems of a dynamic coupling; Along with the raising of train running speed, the amplitude of pantograph-contact net system increases, and makes the bow net contact pressure produce fluctuation; Cause separating of slide plate and contact wire easily, between contact wire and motorcycle pantograph, produce electric arc.At this moment, locomotive guarantees to get the continuity of stream through electric arc.
The environment more complicated that bow net electric arc produces; Electric arc with the motion of pantograph in development and change constantly; Thereby the evolution rule of removing to analyze bow net electric arc itself theoretically is unpractical, and feasible method is to utilize the external presentation of bow net electric arc promptly the influence of feeder voltage electric current to be analyzed.
Embodiment one, based on the bow net arc-detection of wavelet analysis
When producing bow net electric arc in the traction power supply loop, the high-frequency signal of transient state can appear in current supply circuit.This high-frequency signal has its regularity, so high-frequency signal capable of using is realized the detection to bow net electric arc.
The transient signal that electric arc produces has the characteristics of high frequency, moment sudden change, and wavelet transformation just in time satisfies the requirement of this signal analysis.Utilize wavelet transformation can obtain the high frequency details component of bow net electric arc transient signal, the high fdrequency component that electric arc capable of using produced realizes the detection to bow net electric arc as characteristic quantity.
The high fdrequency component of flame current when utilizing wavelet decomposition can effectively extract locomotive arcing operation, and can make a distinction with the harmonic component that locomotive is produced, show that utilizing wavelet analysis is highly effective as the detection that instrument carries out bow net electric arc.
After producing bow net electric arc, the high fdrequency component of locomotive electric current shows and obviously is different from the characteristic that does not have bow net electric arc, for ease of realizing detection identification and the assessment to bow net electric arc, need utilize the coefficient that obtains after the wavelet decomposition to make up the suitable feature amount.
The wavelet energy entropy is the product that wavelet transformation and comentropy combine, and it can obtain signal in the detailed information of each frequency band.Wavelet scale energy entropy then not only can obtain the energy distribution of signal; Can also obtain after the wavelet decomposition on each yardstick the distribution of energy entropy and change relatively; The eigenstate of signal on each yardstick can more intactly be described; Utilize and take place after the electric arc, the wavelet energy entropy of feeder current signal under the high frequency yardstick is used as the characteristic quantity of bow net arc-detection and assessment.
According to the definition of wavelet energy entropy, signal
at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy constantly is:
Wherein
;
is that signal is at j yardstick k Wavelet Energy Spectrum constantly,
.
The wavelet energy entropy of feeder current under the d1 yardstick is as shown in Figure 3 in the scaling system 2 in view of the above.Wherein the d1 yardstick is the high frequency frequency, for example is 2.5k ~ 5kHz.
As can be seen from Figure 3, utilize the wavelet energy entropy of feeder current high fdrequency component can actv. to detect the electric arc that is produced when pantograph and contact wire break away from.But, utilize the high fdrequency component of electric current then can't weigh merely for difference owing to the different bow net electric arc length that cause of contact wire evenness.
Embodiment two, based on the assessment of the electric arc of small echo relative energy entropy.
The evenness of contact wire is influential to the electric arc that is produced, and uneven compliance degree is high more, and it is poor more that pantograph is followed the ability of contact wire; The bow net electric arc that is produced is long more; Thereby, through the assessment of bow net electric arc, can achieve a butt joint and touch the measurement of line evenness.
Because bow net electric arc produces under complex environment, along with the motion electric arc of pantograph in development and change constantly, feasible method is the foundation of the energy that consumes in the electric arc as the judgement of electric arc power.
Because flame current receives the influence of locomotive load, thereby it is comprehensive inadequately utilizing the high fdrequency component of flame current to come the degree of electric arc is assessed separately.When bow net electric arc was long more, arc discharge Shaoxing opera was strong, and the energy that it consumed is big more.According to this character, the high fdrequency component relative energy entropy of comprehensive application electric current and voltage comes the intensity of electric arc is passed judgment on, and then obtains the uneven compliance of contact wire.
If entropy is
to the high frequency yardstick of the feeder voltage that obtains after the wavelet decomposition; The wavelet energy entropy of voltage is
; The high frequency yardstick energy entropy of feeder current is
; The wavelet energy entropy of electric current is
, then
The high frequency yardstick relative energy entropy of voltage of system is:
The high frequency yardstick relative energy entropy of flame current is:
For weighing the power of each bow net arc discharge, the relative energy entropy of definition arc discharge:
In view of the above, can obtain characterizing a strong and weak characteristic quantity of arc discharge, utilize it to weigh, thereby realize the assessment strong and weak, and then can achieve a butt joint and touch the assessment of line irregularity degree bow net electric arc to the strong and weak degree of the each discharge of electric arc.
Can find out among the Fig. 4 that in by the battery of tests data, forms; The change of arc length can exert an influence to the high fdrequency component of feeder voltage electric current; Thereby influence the high fdrequency component energy entropy under its d1 yardstick; Simultaneously also can be, but because the high fdrequency component proportion is less to the energy entropy production influence of electric current and voltage, thus limited to the influence of the energy entropy of electric current and voltage.Utilize the high fdrequency component relative energy entropy WEEarc of definition, taken all factors into consideration the influence of arc length, and, can effectively distinguish the situation that produces electric arc and arc length owing to be the relative energy entropy to electric current and voltage.
The relative energy entropy of different length electric arc is as shown in Figure 5; As can be seen from Figure 5; Owing to adopted the relative entropy of voltage and current different scale; Thereby demonstrate certain relation between the length of arc discharge relative energy entropy WEEarc that calculates and electric arc; Fig. 5 shows and utilizes WEEarc to estimate the bow net electric arc of the different lengths that cause owing to the contact wire evenness is different, thereby obtains the degree that cooperatively interacts between contact wire and the pantograph, and then can make judgement to the state of contact wire.
The irregularity degree direct influence contact system of contact wire and the cooperation of pantograph, thus the quality of pantograph-catenary current collection influenced, when the contact wire irregularity; Pantograph is followed the ability variation of contact wire; Between pantograph and contact system, produce electric arc easily, arc length is relevant with the evenness of contact wire, thereby; Through detection and assessment to feeder voltage electric current medium high frequency component; Can obtain the power of bow net arc discharge degree, realize assessment, thereby can obtain the evenness of contact wire the electric arc different length.
Bow net electric arc can exert an influence to the feeder voltage electric current; Through analyzing the high fdrequency component in the feeder voltage electric current; Utilize high fdrequency component relative energy entropy can detect the bow net electric arc that is series in the loop; According to the arc discharge relative energy entropy of definition, can effectively judge the length of bow net electric arc.
Claims (10)
1. a contact system status detection and an evaluating apparatus of analyzing based on electric parameters comprises the sensor that is installed on the pantograph major loop, it is characterized in that:
Said sensor is an optical electron formula transformer, and its voltage, electric current to the contact system that collects carries out conversion, and the gained signal is issued data acquisition unit; And also comprise:
Data acquisition unit, it comprises photodetector, signal conditioner and data trap; After the signal that photodetector sends optical electron formula transformer converts electric signal to, send to signal conditioner and handle, send to data trap after the wherethrough reason and carry out A/D conversion and sampling processing;
Check and analysis and evaluating apparatus, it receives the sample information from data trap, and the voltage, the current signal that obtain are handled; Extract and calculate its high fdrequency component; According to result calculated, the mode of operation of contact system is made an appraisal, and the output evaluation result.
2. contact system status detection and the evaluating apparatus of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said data trap comprises and is used for flush bonding processor that numerical information is sampled.
3. contact system status detection and the evaluating apparatus of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 1; It is characterized in that also comprising the read out instrument that is used to show said evaluation result; Evaluation result inputs to read out instrument, and read out instrument is treated to visual information with evaluation result.
4. a contact system status detection and evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters, it may further comprise the steps:
The step that voltage, current signal are gathered: optical electron formula transformer carries out conversion to voltage, the electric current of contact system; The signal of gained is converted into electric signal by photodetector and sends into signal conditioning circuit; After its amplification, filtering, handle through A/D conversion, isolation and digital sample;
The processed steps of voltage, current signal: extract the sample voltage that obtains, the high fdrequency component of current signal, it is carried out computing;
The step of the assessment of contact system state: according to the aforementioned calculation process result, the mode of operation of contact system is made evaluation, provide evaluation result.
5. contact system status detection and the evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: voltage, current signal that sampling is obtained carry out wavelet decomposition; Weigh arc stiffness according to high fdrequency component relative energy entropy, provide evaluation result;
Wherein, according to formula definition high fdrequency component relative energy entropy
:
and
on the molecule are respectively the energy entropys of voltage and current high fdrequency component;
and
on the denominator then are respectively the energy entropys of voltage and current power frequency component;
,
is the relative value of two entropys.
6. contact system status detection and the evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
The wavelet energy entropy is used in the calculating of said high fdrequency component relative energy entropy
, defines the wavelet energy entropy according to formula:
The definition of wavelet energy entropy
, signal at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy constantly is:
，
Wherein
;
is that signal is at j yardstick k Wavelet Energy Spectrum constantly,
.
7. contact system status detection and the evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the frequency of said voltage and current high fdrequency component is 2.5k ~ 5kHz.
8. contact system status detection and the evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the frequency of said voltage and current power frequency component is 50Hz.
9. contact system status detection and the evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: current signal carries out 5 layers of wavelet decomposition.
10. contact system status detection and the evaluation method of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: evaluation result is presented on the computer interface.
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| CN104597354A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-06 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Pantograph-catenary electric arc detection method and system based on train power supply system |
| CN108303583A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2018-07-20 | 刘国镔 | A kind of electrification railway contact net insulation power frequency flashover current detection device |
| CN107817429A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-20 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | A kind of pantograph and catenary fault monitoring device |
| CN107817429B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2024-02-02 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Bow net fault monitoring device |
| CN108279357A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-13 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | A kind of bow net hit detection device |
| CN110261664A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-20 | 神州电科科技(北京)有限公司 | A kind of attached wires of AC electrified railway train is by pyroelectric monitor system |
| CN111441783B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-06-15 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Centralized detection method for performance of low-voltage apparatus of shield machine |
| CN111441783A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-24 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Centralized detection method for performance of low-voltage apparatus of shield machine |
| CN111474432A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-31 | 朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司 | Train bow net current collection working condition testing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN111474432B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-05-31 | 朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司 | Train bow net current collection working condition testing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113406455A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-17 | 福州大学 | Macroscopic characterization method for microscopic state of low-voltage alternating-current arc |
| CN113406455B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-03-15 | 福州大学 | Macroscopic characterization method for microscopic state of low-voltage alternating-current arc |
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