CN102616156B - Device and method for detecting and elevating contact network state based on electrical capacity analysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting and evaluating the contact network state based on electrical capacity analysis and relates to a method for detecting and evaluating the electrified railway contact network state. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage and current signals: converting the voltage and the current of the contact network to obtain a signal by an optical electronic transformer, converting the obtained signal into an electrical signal by a photoelectric detector, feeding the electrical signal into a signal conditioning circuit and carrying out amplification, filtering, A/D (Analogue/Digital) conversion, isolation and digital sampling on the electrical signal; processing the voltage and current signals: extracting a high-frequency component of the voltage and current signals, which is obtained by sampling, and carrying out computing processing on the high-frequency component; and estimating the contact network: according to the calculation result, evaluating the work state of the contact network and giving out an evaluation result. According to the method and the device disclosed by the invention, the detecting and evaluating result is accurate, the state of the contact network can be better grasped and the state overhaul of the contact network is facilitated to be realized.

Description

The methods of testing and evaluating of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters

Technical field

The present invention relates to the methods of testing and evaluating of electrification railway contact net state.

Background technology

Electrified railway shared proportion in railway transportation progressively increases, importance is more and more outstanding, as the facility to electric locomotive power supply, contact system is due to work under bad environment, without standby and become the weak link of electrified railway, all having there is at the operation initial stage train delays causing because of contact system fault in the part railway line for passenger traffic that recent years, China just opened, has caused larger economic loss and bad social influence.

The State Maintenance that is conducive to instruct contact net equipment for the accurate evaluation of contact system state, improves the operation management level of contact system, thereby reduces the probability that fault occurs, and reduces the maintenance cost of contact net equipment, improves the reliability of electrified railway operation.

Current, to the evaluation of contact system state mainly by Static Detection and two kinds of methods of detection of dynamic.Detection of dynamic refers to detecting device or equipment is installed on special-purpose inspection vehicle, contact system is carried out to the parameter measurement under real-world operation state; Static Detection is manually to adopt the daily attention of portable detection equipment to detect, and also has at present and adopts vehicle-mounted contactless detection device to realize Static Detection.These two kinds of method of inspections are all that the geometric parameter of contact system structure is measured, and judge the state of contact system by the relation between geometric parameter and standard value, belong to a kind of Indirect evaluation method; There will be in some cases detection of dynamic and the conflicting situation of Static Detection evaluation result, on site maintenance work, brought puzzlement, for hidden danger has been buried in safe operation.

Summary of the invention

First technical matters to be solved by this invention is: detection and evaluating apparatus that a kind of contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters is provided, when this device flows by locomotive is got, thereby the stream situation that supplies of contact system is analyzed the mode of operation that obtains contact system, and then the state of contact system is made to evaluation.

Second technical matters to be solved by this invention is: the methods of testing and evaluating that a kind of contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters is provided, when it flows by locomotive is got, thereby the stream situation that supplies of contact system is analyzed the mode of operation that obtains contact system, and then the state of contact system is made to evaluation.

In order to solve above-mentioned first technical matters, the present invention proposes a kind of detection and evaluating apparatus of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters, comprise the sensor being arranged on pantograph major loop, described sensor is optical electron formula transformer, it converts the voltage of the contact system collecting, electric current, and gained signal is issued data acquisition unit; And also comprise:

Data acquisition unit, it comprises photodetector, signal conditioner and data trap; The signal that photodetector sends optical electron formula transformer converts to after electric signal, sends to signal conditioner to process, and after wherethrough reason, sends to data trap to carry out A/D conversion and sampling processing;

Detect A+E device, it receives the sample information from data trap, and the voltage, the current signal that obtain are processed, extract and calculate its high fdrequency component, according to the result of calculating, the mode of operation of contact system is made an appraisal, and export evaluation result.

Preferably: described data trap comprises the flush bonding processor for numerical information is sampled.

Preferably, it also comprises that evaluation result inputs to read out instrument for showing the read out instrument of described evaluation result, and read out instrument is treated to visual information by evaluation result.

In order to solve above-mentioned second technical matters, the present invention proposes a kind of methods of testing and evaluating of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters, and it comprises the following steps:

The step that voltage, current signal gather: optical electron formula transformer converts the voltage of contact system, electric current, the signal of gained is converted into electric signal by photodetector and sends into signal conditioning circuit, after amplification, filtering, through A/D conversion, isolation and digital sample, process;

The step of the processing of voltage, current signal: extract the sample voltage obtaining, the high fdrequency component of current signal, it is carried out to computing;

The step of the assessment of contact system state: according to the result of above-mentioned computing, the mode of operation of contact system is made to evaluation, provide evaluation result.

Preferably: the voltage that sampling is obtained, current signal carry out wavelet decomposition, according to high fdrequency component relative energy entropy, weigh arc stiffness, provide evaluation result;

Wherein, according to following formula definition high fdrequency component relative energy entropy W _eEarc:

$W_{\mathrm{EEarc}}=W_{\mathrm{EEUR}}\×W_{\mathrm{EEIR}}=\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEUd}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEU}}}\×\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEId}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEI}}}$ ，

W on molecule _eEUdand W _eEIdrespectively the Energy-Entropy of voltage and current high fdrequency component, the W on denominator _eEUand W _eEIrespectively the Energy-Entropy of voltage and current power frequency component,

,

it is the relative value of two entropys.

Preferably: described high fdrequency component relative energy entropy W _eEarccalculating use wavelet energy entropy, according to following formula definition wavelet energy entropy:

Wavelet energy entropy W _eEjdefinition, signal at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy is constantly:

$W_{\mathrm{EEj}}=-\underset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}\mathrm{pjk}\log \mathrm{pjk}$ ，

Pjk=E wherein _jk/ E _d, E _jkfor signal is in j yardstick k Wavelet Energy Spectrum constantly, .

High fdrequency component relative energy entropy is used for weighing arc stiffness, $W_{\mathrm{EEarc}}=W_{\mathrm{EEUR}}\×W_{\mathrm{EEIR}}=\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEUd}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEU}}}\×\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEId}}}{w_{\mathrm{EEI}}}$ , the W on molecule _eEUdand W _eEIdrespectively the Energy-Entropy of voltage and current high fdrequency component, the W on denominator _eEUand W _eEIrespectively the Energy-Entropy of voltage and current power frequency component,

,

it is the relative value of two entropys.

Wherein, the voltage and current high fdrequency component Energy-Entropy W on molecule _eEUdand W _eEIdand the Energy-Entropy W of the voltage and current power frequency component on denominator _eEUand W _eEIthe calculating definition that will use wavelet energy entropy

, referred to as formula one.

For signal at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy constantly, get different yardsticks, the wavelet energy entropy that just can obtain respectively high fdrequency component and power frequency component is (after wavelet decomposition, between yardstick and frequency, there is certain corresponding relation), in this example, the Energy-Entropy of high fdrequency component is used is that the parameter of d1 yardstick (high frequency) after wavelet decomposition is calculated, and the Energy-Entropy of power frequency component is to calculate by the parameter of d5 yardstick (frequency is relatively low), calculates and all by formula one, calculates.

Preferably: the frequency of described voltage and current high fdrequency component is 2.5k～5kHz.

Preferably: the frequency of described voltage and current power frequency component is 50Hz.

Preferably: current signal carries out 5 layers of wavelet decomposition.

Preferably: evaluation result is presented on computer interface.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

Compared with the conventional method, feature of the present invention is:

One, the state that judges contact system by electric quantitative analysis, determination methods is more directly perceived.The main purpose of contact system is that visible, contact system is directly related for the situation of stream and the state of contact system in order to realize the good stream that supplies to electric locomotive.Current information while getting stream by analyzing locomotive, can obtain the visual evaluation of contact system state.

Two, utilize optical electron formula transformer to convert the voltage of contact system, electric current, obtain signal more accurate.Optical transformer volume is little, precision is high, does not exist magnetic circuit saturation problem, and can obtain the high-frequency signal of primary side, and the electric arc amount producing while being conducive to bow net off-line detects.

Three, utilize electric arc relative energy entropy to realize quantitative evaluation to the state of contact system.Get after the voltage, current signal of contact system, utilize wavelet transformation to extract its high fdrequency component, and calculate the relative energy entropy of electric arc.Contact system state is poorer, and the distance that pantograph and contact system depart from is larger, and the electric arc relative energy entropy obtaining is just larger.Utilize electric arc relative energy entropy to quantize the state of contact system, be conducive to build historical data base, for the repair based on condition of component of contact net equipment provides condition.

Four, the present invention realizes simply, is easy to application.The method only need install optical electron formula transformer and data acquisition unit additional on Contact Line Detection car, by realizing the simple extension of existing inspection vehicle.

Detecting and assessing result of the present invention is accurate, can better grasp the state of contact system, is conducive to realize the repair based on condition of component of contact system.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is product structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of data acquisition unit.

Fig. 3 is the variation diagram of wavelet energy entropy under feeder current d1 yardstick during with bow net electric arc.

The variation diagram of the relative energy entropy of arc discharge when Fig. 4 is different length.

Fig. 5 is that electric arc relative energy entropy is with the variation diagram of arc length.

The specific embodiment

The present invention proposes a kind of detection and evaluating apparatus of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters, it comprises the sensor being arranged on pantograph major loop, sensor is optical electron formula transformer, it converts the voltage of the contact system collecting, electric current, and gained signal is issued data acquisition unit.Apparatus of the present invention also comprise:

Data acquisition unit, it comprises photodetector, signal conditioner and data trap; The signal that photodetector sends optical current mutual inductor converts to after electric signal, sends to signal conditioner to process, and after wherethrough reason, sends to data trap to carry out A/D conversion and sampling processing;

Detect A+E device, it receives the sample information from data trap, the voltage, the current signal that obtain are processed, extract its high fdrequency component and calculate electric arc relative energy entropy, according to the electric arc relative energy entropy calculating, mode of operation to contact system is made an appraisal, and exports evaluation result.

Said apparatus is realized state-detection and the evaluation of contact system by the methods of testing and evaluating of the following contact system state based on electric parameters analysis, the method comprises the following steps:

The step that current signal gathers: optical transformer converts the voltage of contact system, electric current, and the signal of gained is converted into electric signal by photodetector and sends into signal conditioning circuit, after its amplification, filtering, processes through A/D conversion, isolation and digital sample; The step of the processing of voltage, current signal: extract the sample voltage obtaining, the high fdrequency component of current signal, and calculate electric arc relative energy entropy;

The step of the assessment of contact system state: according to the electric arc relative energy entropy calculating, the mode of operation of contact system is made to evaluation, provide evaluation result.

By the following examples technical scheme of the present invention is described.

As shown in Figure 1, on the power circuit of the pantograph 5 of the inspection vehicle 6 of contact system, optical electron formula transformer 1 is installed, secondary side installation data harvester 2 at optical electron formula transformer 1, optical electron formula transformer 1 is the signal that is easy to measurement by voltage, current transformation in contact system, delivers to data acquisition unit 2.Installing terminal computing machine 3 on inspection vehicle 6.Terminal computer 3 is as detecting A+E device.As shown in Figure 2, data acquisition unit 2 is comprised of photodetector 21, signal conditioning circuit 22, data collecting card 20, and data collecting card 20 comprises that A/D converter 23 and flush bonding processor 24 form.

Adopt this routine Contact Line Detection device contact system state to be carried out to the method for detecting and assessing, the steps include:

1) voltage, current signal collection: the optical electron formula transformer 1 being installed in pantograph major loop is to deliver to data acquisition unit 2 after the signal that is easy to measure by voltage, current transformation in contact system 4, by photodetector 21, survey and be converted to after electric signal, by signal conditioning circuit 22, after filtering, amplification, deliver to data trap 20, under the control of flush bonding processor 24, be sampled, sampling frequency is not less than 1KHz, and sampled result is delivered to terminal computer 3.

2) processing of voltage, current signal: voltage, current signal that 3 pairs of samplings of terminal computer obtain carry out wavelet transformation, generally voltage, current signal are carried out to 5 layers and (but be not limited to 5 layers, the number of plies is required to determine by the data-handling capacity of terminal computer and data processing) wavelet decomposition, calculate the electric arc relative energy entropy of its high fdrequency component.

3) assessment of contact system state: terminal computer is according to the electric arc relative energy entropy calculating, compare with the standard of prior setting, the judgement that the state of contact system is made, for example " well " " flaw " " is badly in need of maintenance ", and result is presented on computer interface.

Below describing two kinds in detail utilizes locomotive to get the embodiment that the method for the uneven compliance of contact system is weighed in the electric quantitative analysis of when stream; but following analysis mode is not construed as limiting the invention; any by reasoning from logic, be equal to the analysis means of replacement all in protection scope of the present invention.

The pantograph of locomotive and contact wire are the systems of a dynamic coupling, along with the raising of train running speed, the amplitude of pantograph-contact net system increases, and makes bow net contact pressure produce fluctuation, easily cause the separated of slide plate and contact wire, between contact wire and motorcycle pantograph, produce electric arc.Now, locomotive guarantees to get the continuity of stream by electric arc.

The environment more complicated that bow net electric arc produces, electric arc with the motion of pantograph in constantly development and change, thereby the Evolution that removes theoretically to analyze bow net electric arc itself is unpractical, feasible method is to utilize the external presentation of bow net electric arc the impact of feeder voltage electric current to be analyzed.

Embodiment mono-, the bow net arc-detection based on wavelet analysis

While producing bow net electric arc in traction power supply loop, can in current supply circuit, there is the high-frequency signal of transient state.This high-frequency signal has its regularity, therefore can utilize high-frequency signal to realize the detection to bow net electric arc.

The transient signal that electric arc produces has the feature of high frequency, moment sudden change, and wavelet transformation just in time meets the requirement of this signal analysis.Utilize wavelet transformation can obtain the high frequency details component of bow net electric arc transient signal, can utilize the high fdrequency component that electric arc produces to realize the detection to bow net electric arc as characteristic quantity.

Utilize wavelet decomposition can effectively extract the high fdrequency component of locomotive arcing when operation flame current, and the harmonic component that can produce with locomotive makes a distinction, show that the detection that utilizes wavelet analysis to carry out bow net electric arc as instrument is highly effective.

After producing bow net electric arc, the high fdrequency component of locomotive electric current shows and is obviously different from the feature that there is no bow net electric arc, for ease of realizing detection identification and the assessment to bow net electric arc, need utilize the coefficient obtaining after wavelet decomposition to build suitable characteristic quantity.

Wavelet energy entropy is the product that wavelet transformation and comentropy combine, and it can obtain signal in the detailed information of each frequency band.Wavelet scale Energy-Entropy not only can obtain the energy distribution of signal, can also obtain the distribution and relative variation of Energy-Entropy on each yardstick after wavelet decomposition, the eigenstate of signal on each yardstick can more intactly be described, after utilizing generation electric arc, the wavelet energy entropy of feeder current signal under high frequency yardstick is used as the characteristic quantity of bow net arc-detection and assessment.

According to the definition of wavelet energy entropy, signal x (f) at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy is constantly:

$W_{\mathrm{EEI}}=-\underset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}\mathrm{pjk}\log \mathrm{pjk}$ ，

Pjk=E wherein _jk/ E _i, E _jkfor signal is in j yardstick k Wavelet Energy Spectrum constantly,

.

In scaling system 2, the wavelet energy entropy of feeder current under d1 yardstick be as shown in Figure 3 accordingly.Wherein d1 yardstick is high frequency frequency, for example, be 2.5k～5kHz.

As can be seen from Figure 3, utilize the wavelet energy entropy of feeder current high fdrequency component the electric arc producing when pantograph and contact wire depart from can actv. to be detected.But for the difference due to the different bow net electric arc length that cause of contact wire evenness, utilize merely the high fdrequency component of electric current cannot weigh.

Embodiment bis-, the assessment of the electric arc based on small echo relative energy entropy.

The evenness of contact wire is influential to produced electric arc, and uneven compliance degree is higher, and it is poorer that pantograph is followed the ability of contact wire, the bow net electric arc producing is longer, thereby, by the assessment of bow net electric arc, can achieve a butt joint and touch the measurement of line evenness.

Because bow net electric arc produces under complex environment, along with the motion electric arc of pantograph is in constantly development and change, feasible method is the foundation of the strong and weak judgement using the energy consuming in electric arc as electric arc.

Because flame current is subject to the impact of locomotive load, thereby it is comprehensive not utilizing separately the high fdrequency component of flame current to assess the degree of electric arc.When bow net electric arc is longer, arc discharge Shaoxing opera is strong, and its energy consuming is larger.According to this character, the high fdrequency component relative energy entropy of comprehensive application electric current and voltage is passed judgment on the intensity of electric arc, and then obtains the uneven compliance of contact wire.

If the high frequency Scale Entropy of the feeder voltage obtaining after wavelet decomposition is W _eEUd, the wavelet energy entropy of voltage is W _eEU, the high frequency Scale energy entropy of feeder current is W _eEId, the wavelet energy entropy of electric current is W _eEI,

The high frequency yardstick relative energy entropy of voltage of system is:

$W_{\mathrm{EEUd}}=\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEUd}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEU}}}$

The high frequency yardstick relative energy entropy of flame current is:

$W_{\mathrm{EEId}}=\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEId}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEI}}}$

For weighing the power of each bow net arc discharge, the relative energy entropy of definition arc discharge:

$W_{\mathrm{EEarc}}=W_{\mathrm{EEUd}}\×W_{\mathrm{EEId}}=\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEUd}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEU}}}\×\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEId}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEI}}}$ ，

Accordingly, can obtain characterizing a characteristic quantity of arc discharge power, utilize it to weigh the degree of strength of the each electric discharge of electric arc, thereby realize the assessment to bow net electric arc power, and then the assessment of the tactile line irregularity degree that can achieve a butt joint.

In the Fig. 4 forming in battery of tests data, can find out, the change of arc length can exert an influence to the high fdrequency component of feeder voltage electric current, thereby affect the high fdrequency component Energy-Entropy under its d1 yardstick, also can exert an influence to the Energy-Entropy of electric current and voltage simultaneously, but because high fdrequency component proportion is less, thereby limited on the impact of the Energy-Entropy of electric current and voltage.The high fdrequency component relative energy entropy WEEarc that utilizes definition, has considered the impact of arc length on electric current and voltage, and owing to being relative energy entropy, can effectively distinguish the situation that produces electric arc and arc length.

The relative energy entropy of different length electric arc as shown in Figure 5, as can be seen from Figure 5, owing to having adopted the relative entropy of voltage and current different scale, thereby present certain relation between the arc discharge relative energy entropy WEEarc calculating and the length of electric arc, Fig. 5 shows to utilize WEEarc to evaluate the bow net electric arc of the different lengths that cause due to contact wire evenness difference, thereby obtain the degree cooperatively interacting between contact wire and pantograph, and then can judge the state of contact wire.

The irregularity degree direct influence contact system of contact wire and the cooperation of pantograph, thereby affect the quality of pantograph-catenary current collection, when contact wire irregularity, pantograph is followed the ability variation of contact wire, easily between pantograph and contact system, produce electric arc, arc length is relevant to the evenness of contact wire, thereby, by detection and assessment to feeder voltage electric current medium high frequency component, can obtain the power of bow net arc discharge degree, the assessment of realization to electric arc different length, thus the evenness of contact wire can be obtained.

Bow net electric arc can exert an influence to feeder voltage electric current, by analyzing the high fdrequency component in feeder voltage electric current, utilize high fdrequency component relative energy entropy the bow net electric arc being series in loop can be detected, arc discharge relative energy entropy according to definition, can effectively judge the length of bow net electric arc.

Claims (6)

1. a methods of testing and evaluating for the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters, it comprises the following steps:

The step that voltage, current signal gather: optical electron formula transformer converts the voltage of contact system, electric current, the signal of gained is converted into electric signal by photodetector and sends into signal conditioning circuit, after its amplification, filtering, through A/D conversion, isolation and digital sample, process;

The step of the processing of voltage, current signal: extract the sample voltage obtaining, the high fdrequency component of current signal, it is carried out to computing;

The voltage that sampling is obtained, current signal carry out wavelet decomposition, according to high fdrequency component relative energy entropy, weigh arc stiffness, provide evaluation result;

Wherein, according to following formula definition high fdrequency component relative energy entropy

$W_{\mathrm{EEarc}}=W_{\mathrm{EEUR}}\×W_{\mathrm{EEIR}}=\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEUd}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEU}}}\×\frac{W_{\mathrm{EEId}}}{W_{\mathrm{EEI}}}$ ，

W on molecule _eEUdand W _eEIdrespectively the Energy-Entropy of voltage and current high fdrequency component, on denominator

and W _eEIrespectively the Energy-Entropy of voltage and current power frequency component,

,

it is the relative value of two entropys; The step of the assessment of contact system state: according to the result of above-mentioned computing, the mode of operation of contact system is made to evaluation, provide evaluation result.

2. the methods of testing and evaluating of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 1, is characterized in that:

Described high fdrequency component relative energy entropy

calculating use wavelet energy entropy, according to following formula definition wavelet energy entropy:

Wavelet energy entropy W _eEjdefinition, signal at j yardstick k wavelet energy entropy is constantly:

$W_{\mathrm{EEj}}=-\underset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{p}_{\mathrm{jk}}\log p_{\mathrm{jk}}$ ，

P wherein _jk=E _jk/ E _j, E _jkfor signal is in j yardstick k Wavelet Energy Spectrum constantly, .

3. the methods of testing and evaluating of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the frequency of described voltage and current high fdrequency component is 2.5k～5kHz.

4. the methods of testing and evaluating of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the frequency of described voltage and current power frequency component is 50Hz.

5. the methods of testing and evaluating of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: current signal carries out 5 layers of wavelet decomposition.

6. the methods of testing and evaluating of the contact system state of analyzing based on electric parameters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: evaluation result is presented on computer interface.

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