CN102615405B - Welding method of stainless steel composite plates - Google Patents

Welding method of stainless steel composite plates Download PDF

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CN102615405B
CN102615405B CN201210106269.9A CN201210106269A CN102615405B CN 102615405 B CN102615405 B CN 102615405B CN 201210106269 A CN201210106269 A CN 201210106269A CN 102615405 B CN102615405 B CN 102615405B
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welding
stainless steel
multiple layer
steel clad
clad plate
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CN102615405A (en
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樊志勤
陈清阳
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Taiyuan Heavy Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method of stainless steel composite plates, which is used for welding of the stainless steel composite plates with multi layer thickness ranging from 1mm to 1.5mm. The welding method includes a pre-welding preparation step and a welding step. The pre-welding preparation step includes a step of removing basic layer surface oxide and multi layer surface oxide of two stainless steel composite plates to be welded and a step of assembling positioned welding, connecting the two stainless steel composite plates to be welded on the same plane in abutting mode and conducting tack welding. The welding step includes a multi layer welding step and a basic layer welding step. The multi layer welding step adopts thin wire submerged-arc welding, and a welding power supply has flat external characteristics. The basic layer welding step adopts double-wire pulse submerged-arc welding, and the welding power supply has flat external characteristics.

Description

The welding method of stainless steel clad plate
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding procedure, relate in particular to a kind of high-speed welding method for stainless steel clad plate.
Background technology
Stainless steel clad plate generally includes take carbon steel as basic unit, take stainless steel as multiple layer, the composite plate being combined into, (also can be described as the compound layer of stainless steel or coating according to its stainless steel double layer, in this description all referred to as multiple layer) thickness, can be divided into traditional stainless steel clad plate and novel stainless steel composite board.
The multiple layer thickness of traditional stainless steel clad plate, more than 3mm, will reach 3mm because the thickness of its multiple layer is minimum, and in manufacture process, energy resource consumption is large.And the multiple layer thickness of novel stainless steel clad plate only needs 1mm-1.5mm, new type composite board is to adopt rolling to manufacture, and NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE board manufacturing process is safer than conventional composite plate, environmental protection, energy-conservation, low-carbon (LC), and market prospects are quite good.
Traditional stainless steel clad plate adopts explosive welding (EW) to make, and the operation in tandem of the following steps is pressed in the butt welding of conventional composite plate,
1, first the multiple layer groove of two stainless steel clad plates to be welded carried out to machining, add and need machine away after multiple layer 1mm left and right downwards man-hour again, width is weld seam center to about the 5~10mm of both sides;
2, carry out the welding of basic unit;
3, to the basic unit's carrying out flaw detection after welding;
4, welding transition layer;
5, carry out the welding of multiple layer;
6, carrying out flaw detection.
For the welding of novel stainless steel clad plate, if adopt above-mentioned step, the operations such as its groove processing, middle carrying out flaw detection, transition zone welding, all make whole welding process efficiency not high.And, utilize above-mentioned method to weld novel stainless steel clad plate, also cannot realize high-speed welding, and then affect the application prospect of stainless steel clad plate; As blindly improved speed of welding, after welding, the outward appearance of gained finished product, fusion penetration and multiple layer weld seam ferrite content etc. can not reach specified standard simultaneously.
Therefore, need to develop a kind of operation is simple, welding quality is good stainless steel clad plate and carry out the stainless steel clad plate high-speed welding method of high-speed welding.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, what the object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of operation is simple, welding quality is good carries out the welding method of the stainless steel clad plate of high-speed welding for novel stainless steel clad plate, to overcome the stainless steel clad plate welding method complex procedures of prior art, the technical problem that speed of welding is not high and welding quality is bad.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A welding method for stainless steel clad plate, the welding of the stainless steel clad plate that is 1-1.5mm for multiple layer thickness, described welding method comprises the front preparation process of weldering and welding step; Before described weldering, preparation process comprises: the step of removing substrate surface oxide and the clad surface oxide of two stainless steel clad plates to be welded; The step of assembling and positioning weldering is docked described two stainless steel clad plates to be welded, and is carried out tack welding in same plane; Described welding step comprises multiple layer welding step and basic unit's welding step, and the welding manner of described multiple layer welding step is filament submerged-arc welding, and the source of welding current is the source of welding current with flat external characteristics; And the welding manner of basic unit's welding step is mariages pulse submerged-arc welding, the source of welding current is the pulse gas-shielded weldering source of welding current of mariages with flat external characteristics.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the welding method of stainless steel clad plate of the present invention, first do not need the mechanical processing process (for example processing to groove) of program complexity, while secondly welding, directly weld multiple layer and basic unit, the operation that in the middle of not needing, carrying out flaw detection and transition zone weld.Realized the high-speed welding to novel stainless steel composite board, and operation can save simply again material, particularly, to requiring the production of helix tube stainless steel clad plate of high-speed welding, improve greatly its speed of welding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the layout schematic diagram of test plate (panel) in the welding method of stainless steel clad plate of the present invention, run-on tab and receipts arc plate;
Fig. 2 is the multiple layer postwelding shaping schematic diagram of the welding method of the stainless steel clad plate of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is basic unit's postwelding shaping schematic diagram of the welding method of the stainless steel clad plate of the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The exemplary embodiments that embodies feature & benefits of the present invention will describe in detail in the following description.Be understood that the present invention can have various variations on different embodiment, it neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and accompanying drawing be when the use that explain in itself, but not in order to limit the present invention.
The high-speed welding method of the stainless steel clad plate of the embodiment of the present invention, the welding of the stainless steel clad plate that is 1.0-1.5mm for thickness, namely for the welding of novel stainless steel composite board, welding method of the present invention mainly comprises the front preparation process of weldering and welding step, and welding step is the welding by both sides of horizontal direction, therefore comprise basic unit's welding step and multiple layer welding step, below do respectively concrete introduction:
One, preparation process before weldering
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, two stainless steel clad plate test plate (panel)s 1,2 (hereinafter to be referred as test plate (panel) 1,2) to be welded, its basic unit is X60 carbon steel, groundwork thickness is for example 10.3mm, multiple layer is 316L stainless steel, and multiple layer thickness is for example 1mm, and the length and width of two test plate (panel)s 1,2 are for example length 500mm, width 150mm.Above-mentioned specification etc. is only for illustrating, not in order to limit the scope of the invention.
Determine after test plate (panel) to be welded 1,2, the oxide of cleaning polishing test plate (panel) 1,2 substrate surface, makes welding region 20mm left and right expose metallic luster, and multiple layer is cleaned and removed oxide on surface with acetone.
Then, as shown in Figure 1, by test plate (panel) 1,2 docking, 1,2 of test plate (panel)s retain the gap of 0.5mm, on test plate (panel) 1,2, without bevel, have therefore saved mechanical processing steps of the prior art, have simplified technique.
After removing oxide layer, carry out assembling and positioning weldering.In the time carrying out assembling and positioning weldering, two test plate (panel)s 1,2 to be put in a plane, prevent misalignment, both sides add run-on tab 3, receive arc plate 4, by test plate (panel) 1,2, run-on tab 3 with receive arc plate 4 and carry out tack welding, the solder joint of tack welding is welded in basic unit's one side of test plate (panel) 1,2 as far as possible, comprises basic unit's one side of run-on tab 3 and test plate (panel) 1,2, and receives basic unit's one side of arc plate 4 and test plate (panel) 1,2.When tack welding, fusion length is about 40mm~50mm left and right.
Because all need to use solder flux while carrying out basic unit's welding step and multiple layer welding step, therefore carrying out after above-mentioned steps, or as requested solder flux is being dried to insulation, the moisture in removal solder flux while carrying out above-mentioned steps simultaneously.
Having carried out before above-mentioned weldering after preparation process, just can carry out basic unit's welding step and multiple layer welding step, basic unit's welding step and multiple layer welding step in no particular order, also can be carried out simultaneously.
Two, multiple layer welding step
In the time carrying out multiple layer welding step, welding manner adopts filament submerged-arc welding, but the source of welding current adopts indicatrix better to have the source of welding current of flat external characteristics, carries out with the high speed of protecting multiple layer welding.The preferably gas shielded arc welding source of welding current, it have flat external characteristics.The gas shielded arc welding source of welding current is a kind of dc source, adopts opposition method.The welding manner of multiple layer welding adopts filament submerged-arc welding, is also in order to reduce ferrite and to strengthen speed of welding.
Carry out, before multiple layer welding, adjusting welding conditions, make a fusion penetration for its multiple layer welding be controlled at 2mm~3mm, a welding current I for multiple layer welding can be between 270-360A, voltage U between 29-35V, stem elongation 10mm~12mm left and right.In the time of multiple layer welding, keep certain stem elongation, to avoid stem elongation to change the impact on welding current.
In the time carrying out multiple layer welding, welding material can be selected Φ 1.2mm, stainless steel solid core welding wire, is preferably J601 solder flux for the solder flux of submerged arc, and this solder flux can effectively reduce the ferrite content of multiple layer weld seam, improves welding performance.
Ignite after electric arc in the middle of run-on tab 3, open welding tractor, adopt linear arc manipulation, cross after run-on tab 3 when electric arc, proceed to the normal welding of test specimen 1,2.After welding starts, the angle of welding gun left and right sides on welding tractor is controlled at 90 °, and welding top rake remains on 80 ° to 90 ° left and right.When welding, welding wire will be aimed at the center line of two test plate (panel)s 1,2 all the time, prevents from being partially welded, fuses the defect such as bad and fusion penetration is overproof.For fusion penetration and the molten wide control in molten bath, because size of current determines molten dark, voltage swing determines molten wide, therefore can record voltage and the curent change process of each welding, according to the fusion penetration after welding and molten wide variation, adjust voltage and electric current while welding next time, fusion penetration is met the requirements more with molten wide.
In the time carrying out multiple layer welding, solder flux cladding thickness will protect the molten bath of multiple layer welding and can not pile height too thick or too thin.In the time that welding process is received arc plate 4 about 150mm, then stop welding tractor and close welding machine, can reduce like this because closing the too early long arc hole causing of welding machine and stay on test plate (panel) 1,2.
The welding method of stainless steel clad plate of the present invention, the welding material (being welding wire) that its multiple layer welding adopts is also not limited to above-mentioned with solder flux, if the multiple layer of test plate (panel) 1,2 is 304L stainless steel, welding material can adopt Φ 1.2mm, stainless steel solid core welding wire and J601 solder flux, can reach equally and improve speed of welding and the object that reduces ferrite content.
The welding method of the stainless steel clad plate of the embodiment of the present invention, its multiple layer speed of welding can reach, speed of welding 1.8m~2.0m/min, and welding tractor can adopt welding tractor at a high speed, can support this speed completely, this speed is far above the speed of the 0.5m/min of prior art.
Three, basic unit's welding step
In the time carrying out basic unit's welding step, welding manner adopts mariages pulse submerged-arc welding, and to strengthen the fusion penetration of basic unit's welding, the source of welding current adopts the pulse gas-shielded weldering source of welding current of mariages, carries out with the high speed that guarantees basic unit's welding.The pulse gas-shielded weldering source of welding current of mariages is a kind of direct current pulse power source, also adopts opposition method.
Carrying out before basic unit's welding, adjust welding conditions, the front wire bond filament diameter Φ in mariages can be 1.2mm, wire feed rate 23-25m/min, pulse frequency 370-390HZ, background current 100A, burst length 1.5-1.9ms, weldingvoltage 46V, pulse shape select " steep " type, average welding current greatly about 600A left and right, average weldingvoltage can reach 710A left and right at 40.5V, pulse peak current;
Rear wire bond filament diameter in mariages is Φ 1.6mm, wire feed rate 17-19m/min, pulse frequency 380-400HZ, background current 100A, burst length 1.8-2.0ms, weldingvoltage 58V, impulse form selection " very flat " type, the about 800A of average welding current left and right, average weldingvoltage 45.2V, pulse peak current 830A left and right.
In the time carrying out basic unit's welding step, stem elongation is controlled at 12mm~15mm left and right, and in speed of welding, during at 1.8m~2m/min, its fusion penetration reaches 8.5mm~9mm.Welding material can be selected JS60-C welding wire, and SJ101 solder flux coordinates front silk and two kinds of welding wires of rear silk to use.
Carrying out basic unit when welding, before and after first adjusting two in straight line, and front silk and rear welding wire head is all cut into acute angle.Igniting after electric arc in the middle that is 150mm apart from the distance of test specimen 1,2 at run-on tab 3, opens the source of welding current (also claiming welding machine) and welding tractor, adopts linear arc manipulation, crosses after run-on tab 3 when electric arc, proceeds to the normal basic unit welding of test plate (panel) 1,2.
After basic unit's welding starts, the angle of welding gun of welding tractor is controlled at 90 ° of left and right, front silk 100 °~110 ° left and right of top rake.Rear silk 70 °~80 ° left and right of top rake, when welding before and after welding wire to aim at all the time the center line of 1,2 of two test plate (panel)s, prevent from being partially welded, fuse bad, the defect such as fusion penetration is inadequate and de-slag is bad.Solder paste thickness is similar with common submerged-arc welding, to protect molten bath.Receive arc plate 4 after test plate (panel) 1,2 end 180mm left and right when being welded to, then stop welding tractor and close welding machine, can reduce like this because closing the too early long arc hole causing of welding machine and stay on test specimen.
After above-mentioned basic unit's welding step and multiple layer welding step, remove the run-on tab 3 of both sides and receive arc plate 4, the finished product after can welding, its outward appearance is as shown in Figures 2 and 3, known its outward appearance that multiple layer postwelding is shaped and basic unit's postwelding is shaped is all more attractive in appearance, can reach the standard of application.Detect multiple layer fusion penetration 2.5mm~3mm through physics and chemistry; Radiography I level; Macrofracture root, weld seam, weld heat-affected zone, do not have the defects such as lack of penetration, crackle, incomplete fusion; Intercrystalline corrosion is qualified; Multiple layer weld seam ferrite content mean value is 5.75%, meets the multiple layer weld seam ferrite content standard lower than 10%; Tensile strength 560MPa, also meets tensile strength standard; Every physical and chemical index all meets the requirements and reaches better level.
The welding method of the stainless steel clad plate of the embodiment of the present invention, the speed of its basic unit's welding and multiple layer welding all can reach the fair speed of 1.8-2.0 rice per minute, in order to adapt with the fast speed of welding, can select translational speed welding tractor faster, or can adopt the method for setting up the track that frictional force is less, improve the translational speed of welding tractor and welding gun, to adapt to the requirement of high-speed welding.
The welding method of stainless steel clad plate of the present invention, can be for the manufacture of stainless steel clad plate spiral welded pipe, carrying out in the manufacture process of spiral welded pipe, can adopt multiple layer welding and basic unit welds the mode of synchronously carrying out, also can adopt multiple layer is welded and basic unit weld respectively near the minimum point of welded tube inner periphery, near the mode of carrying out the peak of welded tube excircle.The spiral welded pipe of making has advantages of low cost of manufacture, long service life, becomes the upgraded product of China's water delivery heat supply pipeline, oil and gas pipeline pipeline.
The welding method of the stainless steel clad plate of the embodiment of the present invention, does not first need the machining process of program complexity, the secondly directly multiple layer of welding and basic unit when welding, the operation that in the middle of not needing, carrying out flaw detection and transition zone weld.Realized the high-speed welding to novel stainless steel composite board, and operation can save simply again material, particularly, to requiring the production of helix tube stainless steel clad plate of high-speed welding, improve greatly its speed of welding.
Technical scheme of the present invention is disclosed as above by preferred embodiment.Those skilled in the art should recognize change and the retouching the scope and spirit of the present invention that the appended claim of the present invention discloses, done in the case of not departing from, within all belonging to the protection domain of claim of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a welding method for stainless steel clad plate, the welding of the stainless steel clad plate that is 1-1.5mm for multiple layer thickness, is characterized in that, described welding method comprises the front preparation process of weldering and welding step;
Before described weldering, preparation process comprises:
Remove the step of substrate surface oxide and the clad surface oxide of two stainless steel clad plates to be welded;
The step of assembling and positioning weldering is docked described two stainless steel clad plates to be welded, and is carried out tack welding in same plane;
Described welding step comprises multiple layer welding step and basic unit's welding step, does not comprise transition zone welding step, and the welding manner of described multiple layer welding step is filament submerged-arc welding, and the source of welding current is the source of welding current with flat external characteristics; And the welding manner of basic unit's welding step is mariages pulse submerged-arc welding, the source of welding current is the Double-wire pulsed welding source of welding current with flat external characteristics.
2. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, before described weldering, in preparation process, fit-up gap is 0.5mm, and fusion length when point is solid is 40-50mm.
3. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the step of assembling and positioning weldering, also comprise two stainless steel clad plates to be welded and run-on tab and receive arc plate and carry out tack welding, and the solder joint of described tack welding is in described run-on tab and basic unit, described receipts arc plate and basic unit's one side.
4. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described multiple layer welding step, the solder flux adopting is J601 solder flux.
5. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, in described basic unit welding step, the solder flux adopting is SJ101 solder flux.
6. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described basic unit welding step, front silk top rake is 100-110 degree, and rear silk top rake is 70-80 degree.
7. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described basic unit welding step, the pulse frequency that front wire bond connects is that 370-390Hz, background current are 100A, burst length 1.5-1.9ms, average welding current 600A left and right, pulse peak current 710A; Pulse frequency 380-400HZ, background current 100A, burst length 1.8-2.0ms, average welding current 800A, pulse peak current 830A that rear wire bond connects.
8. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described basic unit welding step and described multiple layer welding step are carried out simultaneously.
9. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, in described multiple layer welding step, described multiple layer is the 316L stainless steel that 1mm is thick, and welding material is stainless steel solid core welding wire.
10. the welding method of stainless steel clad plate as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, in described multiple layer welding step, described multiple layer is 304L type stainless steel, and welding material is stainless steel solid core welding wire.
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CN103862183B (en) * 2014-03-06 2016-02-03 济钢集团有限公司 A kind of stainless steel clad plate high-efficiency welding method
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CN105127566B (en) * 2015-09-29 2017-03-08 青岛兰石重型机械设备有限公司 The complete penetraction and fusion in welding welding method of big thickness carbon steel stainless steel clad plate
CN105328316A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-02-17 金川集团股份有限公司 Welding method for plates and strips
CN107486606A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-19 苏州双金实业有限公司 A kind of welding method of stainless steel clad plate standardization
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