CN102612888A - 一套鉴定筛选耐热瓠瓜砧木的方法 - Google Patents

一套鉴定筛选耐热瓠瓜砧木的方法 Download PDF

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CN102612888A
CN102612888A CN2012100939951A CN201210093995A CN102612888A CN 102612888 A CN102612888 A CN 102612888A CN 2012100939951 A CN2012100939951 A CN 2012100939951A CN 201210093995 A CN201210093995 A CN 201210093995A CN 102612888 A CN102612888 A CN 102612888A
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bottle gourd
screening
identifying
heat
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CN102612888B (zh
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王毓洪
宋慧
应泉盛
王迎儿
张香琴
严蕾艳
张华峰
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Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

本发明题为《一套鉴定筛选耐热瓠瓜砧木的方法》，属于生物领域。建立可靠的耐热性鉴定方法，是快速筛选耐热材料进行品种选育的基础。田间自然鉴定法易受环境影响，不能准确筛选目标材料。为此，发明一套利用人工胁迫、结合统计手段、快速准确鉴定瓠瓜砧木耐热性的方法已成为当务之急。技术方案为利用瓠瓜高温种子发芽和苗期电导率测定，计算相对发芽率(40-45℃/30-35℃)、相对发芽指数(40-45℃/30-35℃)和相对电导率(6h/0h)三项鉴定指标，应用SPSS13.0软件聚类功能，进行瓠瓜耐热种质鉴定筛选。发明以更简易的操作流程、更低的时间和人工成本，对瓠瓜砧木材料进行更准确更快速更便捷的耐热性鉴定。

Description

一套鉴定筛选耐热瓠瓜砧木的方法
一、技术领域
本发明属于生物领域，特别涉及瓠瓜类型砧木材料的耐热性鉴定方法。
二、背景技术
瓠瓜(Bottle gourd，Lagenaria siceraria(Molina)Standl.)，别名瓠子、扁蒲、葫芦，隶属葫芦科葫芦属一年生攀援草本植物。它根系发达，作为黄瓜、西瓜和甜瓜等重要瓜类作物的嫁接砧木，能有效提高植株对不良环境的适应性。在我国，大部分地区夏季露地气温在35℃以上，保护地气温则高达40℃以上，高温胁迫是制约瓜类作物夏季栽培和周年供应的主要因素。选育耐热性强的瓠瓜砧木品种，通过嫁接提高瓜类作物耐热性，是解决上述问题的有效途径。
建立可靠的耐热性鉴定方法，是快速筛选耐热材料进行品种选育的基础。当前瓠瓜砧木耐热性鉴定多运用田间自然鉴定法，该法易受环境影响，准确性低，耗时长，不能满足品种选育过程中对快速筛选目的材料的要求。随着西瓜、甜瓜、黄瓜等瓜类作物市场需求不断增大，嫁接越夏栽培技术逐年推广，耐热瓠瓜砧木品种的选育日益迫切。为此，发明一套利用人工胁迫、结合统计手段，快速、准确、可靠的耐热性鉴定筛选方法已成为当务之急。
三、发明内容
针对以上问题，本发明提供一套鉴定筛选耐热瓠瓜砧木的方法，即利用瓠瓜高温种子发芽和苗期电导率测定，计算相对发芽率(40-45℃/30-35℃)、相对发芽指数(40-45℃/30-35℃)和相对电导率(6h/0h)三项鉴定指标，应用SPSS13.0软件聚类功能，进行瓠瓜耐热种质鉴定筛选。
本发明的优点：与广占田地、耗费人工的常规田间自然鉴定相比，本发明鉴定流程简单，耗时短，成本低，逆境可控，结果更准确，且对于批量材料的筛选更方便。
四、附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中37份瓠瓜高温胁迫下相对发芽率(40-45℃/30-35℃)、相对发芽指数(40-45℃/30-35 ℃)和相对电导率(6h/0h)耐热性聚类分析图。
五、具体实施方式
以37份瓠瓜耐热性鉴定，筛选耐热材料为例，对本发明具体实施方式进行说明。
(1)瓠瓜高温种子发芽
选取37份瓠瓜材料饱满无病虫正常种子各90粒，首先在55-60℃水中温烫20min，再在30℃温水中浸种12h。浸种结束后，取出种子沥干水分，均匀摆放在铺有四层纱布的培养皿(PL-9)内，发芽密度为15粒/培养皿，用去离子水保湿。分作两组(45粒/组，3培养皿/组)，分别在30-35℃和40-45℃条件下黑暗发芽。按照国际种子检验规程1996版，以种子胚芽长达种子一半时为发芽标准。每天用去离子水冲洗种子1次，并统计当天发芽数，发芽于两周后停止。依照下列公式，计算30-35℃和40-45℃两个温度下瓠瓜种子的发芽率和发芽指数：
发芽率＝(种子总发芽数/供试种子数)×100％
发芽指数＝∑(GT/DT)，其中，GT是在时间t日的发芽数，DT是相应的发芽日数。依照下列公式，计算40-45℃下瓠瓜种子的相对发芽率和相对发芽指数：
相对发芽率(40-45℃/30-35℃)＝发芽率(40-45℃)/发芽率(30-35℃)
相对发芽指数(40-45℃/30-35℃)＝发芽指数(40-45℃)/发芽指数(30-35℃)
(2)苗期高温电导率测定
播种37份瓠瓜材料各16株，待植株长至两叶一新(第3叶为幼叶)，转入光照培养箱，在45-50℃条件下热处理6h。分别在热处理前和处理6h取样，测定电导率。每次取样避开主叶脉用直径为0.6cm打孔器随机取圆片，每株取圆片一个，重复3次。取样后，首先测定的电导率值记为EC0；45℃水浴15min，冷却后测定值为EC1；100℃水浴15min，冷却后测定值为EC2。根据下列公式计算处理前和处理6h电导率：
电导率＝(EC2-EC0)/(EC1-EC0)
依照下列公式，计算处理6h的相对电导率：
相对电导率(6h/0h)＝电导率(6h)/电导率(0h)
(3)SPSS13.0软件聚类功能进行瓠瓜耐热种质鉴定筛选。
利用SPSS13.0软件聚类程序：Analysis——Classify——Hierarchical Cluster，选择37份瓠瓜材料相对发芽率(40-45℃/30-35℃)、相对发芽指数(40-45℃/30-35℃)和相对电导率(6h/0h)作为变量，进行聚类。相对发芽率和相对发芽指数与耐热性呈正比，相对电导率与耐热性呈反比。依照聚类结果，鉴定筛选耐热材料4份，分别是23、24、27和30号；6、26、7、20、11、21和5号七份材料被鉴定为不耐热；其余材料耐性适中。

Claims (1)

1.本发明利用瓠瓜高温种子发芽和苗期电导率测定，计算相对发芽率(40-45℃/30-35℃)、相对发芽指数(40-45℃/30-35℃)和相对电导率(6h/0h)三项指标，应用SPSS13.0软件聚类功能，进行瓠瓜耐热种质鉴定筛选。发明者提供的技术方案与广占田地、耗费人工的常规田间自然鉴定相比，具有鉴定流程简单、时间和人工成本低、逆境可控、结果更准确等优点，且对于批量材料的鉴定筛选更方便。请求对以下权利进行保护：本发明用以鉴定筛选耐热瓠瓜砧木的方法。 
CN201210093995.1A 2012-03-22 2012-03-22 一套鉴定筛选耐热瓠瓜砧木的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN102612888B (zh)

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