CN102607433B - Multi-point detection device for thickness of bearing bush - Google Patents

Multi-point detection device for thickness of bearing bush Download PDF

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CN102607433B
CN102607433B CN201210045894.7A CN201210045894A CN102607433B CN 102607433 B CN102607433 B CN 102607433B CN 201210045894 A CN201210045894 A CN 201210045894A CN 102607433 B CN102607433 B CN 102607433B
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screw
plate
spring
bearing bush
pin
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CN102607433A (en
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孙长敬
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China Jiliang University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-point detection device for thickness of a bearing bush, which comprises a mechanical supporting mechanism, a bearing bush positioning and clamping mechanism, a measuring mechanism and a rotating and adjusting mechanism. The measuring principle accords with the Abbe principle, and materials are manually loaded and unloaded by employing a high-precision grating sensor, an inductance type sensor or a laser sensor; air pressure serves as a clamping driving force, a detection point is set to completely accord with the national standards, and the detection requirements of the bearing bush with different diameters and different thicknesses can be met. The multi-point detection device for the thickness of the bearing bush has the advantages that the device is small in volume, low in cost and high in detection precision and is not affected by human factors and errors of the end face of the bearing bush on the verticality of the axis, the detection can be strictly performed according to the national standards, the detection data can be recorded and traced back, the bearing bush is not required to manually turned, the detection efficiency is high, an inner surface of the bearing bush is not scratched during detection, etc. According to the multi-point detection device for the thickness of the bearing bush, the defects existing in the existing technology and device for detecting the thickness of the bearing bush are overcome, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

轴瓦厚度多点检测装置Bearing thickness multi-point detection device

所属技术领域Technical field

本发明创造属于轴瓦厚度检测领域,尤其是涉及轴瓦厚度多点检测装置。The invention belongs to the field of bearing bush thickness detection, and in particular relates to a bearing bush thickness multi-point detection device.

背景技术Background technique

轴瓦是汽车及内燃机行业产销量大、制造精度要求较高的零件之一。其厚度合格与否严重影响配套主机的性能和寿命。因此,GB/T3162-1991对轴瓦厚度公差的要求较高。为保证轴瓦工作时的径向间隙、降低对制造过程的高要求及降低生产成本,多采用分组互换装配法,即以较经济的精度要求进行轴瓦厚度和轴径的加工,再进行精密测量和分选,根据测量结果将轴瓦和轴按分选尺寸进行分组装配。因此,轴瓦厚度一般需要全检才能保证分组互换装配的要求。对轴瓦厚度的检测,GB/T18330-2001规定可采用点测法或线测法进行。采用点测法检测时,根据轴瓦外径的不同,要在轴瓦1~3个轴向截面上且分布于0°、±32.5°和±65°的6点或10点上进行。目前,国内检测轴瓦厚度的仪器主要有螺旋千分尺、手动专用检具和全自动轴瓦厚度检测仪器。用螺旋千分尺检测轴瓦厚度虽然成本低廉,但效率低,检测精度受人为因素影响大,检测数据的记录需人工进行;手动专用检具以位于轴瓦内侧的零位测头为测量基准,以轴瓦端面为定位基准,人工夹紧轴瓦,用千分表显示测量结果。其缺点在于人为因素影响大、轴瓦端面对其轴线的垂直度会严重影响厚度的测量精度、测量点的位置不能严格按国家标准规定的角度进行、轴瓦放入时会与千分表表头碰撞、转动轴瓦时会划伤其内表面、需手工翻瓦等;发明专利ZL03142253.5公布的“轴瓦厚度自动检测分选机的机械系统装置”属于全自动轴瓦厚度检测仪器。其采用高精度光栅位移传感器,具有检测精度高、自动上料、自动检测、自动分选及自动记录测量值等功能。其功能齐全,但价格昂贵,且只能检测轴瓦0°方向上两个轴向截面上的厚度。这些都严重影响其规模化的推广应用。业界急需一种检测精度高、效率高、价格合理、测点完全符合国家标准要求的轴瓦厚度检测装置。Bearing bush is one of the parts with large production and sales volume and high manufacturing precision requirements in the automobile and internal combustion engine industries. Whether its thickness is qualified or not seriously affects the performance and life of the supporting host. Therefore, GB/T3162-1991 has higher requirements on the tolerance of bearing bush thickness. In order to ensure the radial clearance of the bearing pad when it is working, reduce the high requirements for the manufacturing process and reduce the production cost, the group interchange assembly method is often used, that is, the thickness of the bearing pad and the shaft diameter are processed with economical precision requirements, and then precise measurement is performed. And sorting, according to the measurement results, the bearing bushes and shafts are grouped and assembled according to the sorting size. Therefore, the thickness of the bearing pad generally needs to be fully inspected to ensure the requirements of group interchange assembly. For the testing of bearing bush thickness, GB/T18330-2001 stipulates that point measurement or line measurement can be used. When using the point measurement method, according to the difference in the outer diameter of the bearing bush, it should be carried out at 6 points or 10 points distributed at 0°, ±32.5° and ±65° on 1 to 3 axial sections of the bearing bush. At present, the domestic instruments for testing the thickness of bearing pads mainly include screw micrometers, manual special inspection tools and fully automatic bearing pad thickness testing instruments. Although the cost of using a screw micrometer to detect the thickness of the bearing pad is low, the efficiency is low, and the detection accuracy is greatly affected by human factors, and the recording of the detection data needs to be done manually; For the positioning reference, the bearing bush is manually clamped, and the measurement result is displayed with a dial gauge. Its disadvantages are that the influence of human factors is large, the perpendicularity of the end face of the bearing bush to its axis will seriously affect the measurement accuracy of the thickness, the position of the measurement point cannot be strictly in accordance with the angle specified by the national standard, and the bearing bush will be in contact with the head of the dial indicator when it is put in. The inner surface of the bearing pad will be scratched when it is collided or rotated, and the pad needs to be turned over manually; the "mechanical system device for automatic detection and sorting machine of bearing pad thickness" published by the invention patent ZL03142253.5 belongs to a fully automatic bearing pad thickness detection instrument. It adopts high-precision grating displacement sensor, which has the functions of high detection accuracy, automatic feeding, automatic detection, automatic sorting and automatic recording of measured values. It has complete functions, but is expensive, and can only detect the thickness of two axial sections in the 0° direction of the bearing bush. These have seriously affected its large-scale promotion and application. The industry is in urgent need of a bearing pad thickness detection device with high detection accuracy, high efficiency, reasonable price, and measurement points that fully meet the requirements of national standards.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种能较好满足生产需求的轴瓦厚度多点检测装置,实现对轴瓦厚度的高精度、低成本、完全符合国家标准要求的检测。其包括机械支撑机构、轴瓦定位与夹紧机构、测量机构、转动与调整机构四部分。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bearing pad thickness multi-point detection device that can better meet the production requirements, and realize the detection of the bearing pad thickness with high precision, low cost, and fully meeting the requirements of national standards. It includes four parts: mechanical support mechanism, bearing pad positioning and clamping mechanism, measuring mechanism, rotating and adjusting mechanism.

所述的机械支撑机构由立板41、水平板34、隔板53、传感器安装板17、第八螺钉36、第十二螺钉54、第十五螺钉67、第三销55组成。立板41与水平板34通过第十五螺钉67固联。立板41与隔板53通过第八螺钉36固联。水平板34与传感器安装板17通过第十二螺钉54和第三销55固联。The mechanical supporting mechanism is composed of a vertical plate 41, a horizontal plate 34, a partition 53, a sensor mounting plate 17, an eighth screw 36, a twelfth screw 54, a fifteenth screw 67, and a third pin 55. The vertical plate 41 is fixedly connected with the horizontal plate 34 by the fifteenth screw 67 . The vertical plate 41 is fixedly connected with the partition plate 53 by the eighth screw 36 . The horizontal plate 34 is fixedly connected with the sensor mounting plate 17 through the twelfth screw 54 and the third pin 55 .

所述的轴瓦定位与夹紧机构由零位测头13、零位测头安装杆28、导向块42、浮动板30、V型块安装块15、V型块16、第一导套18、导杆19、气缸推板23、气缸57、第一螺母20、第三螺母59、第二螺母39、第一弹簧垫圈21、第二弹簧垫圈68、第三螺钉14、第六螺钉27、第九螺钉48、第十一螺钉51、第十三螺钉56、第十四螺钉58、第三弹簧49等组成;零位测头13与零位测头安装杆28通过销孔配合,并由第三螺母59紧固。零位测头安装杆28与导向块42及水平板34中的销孔配合,通过螺纹与导向块42联接,并通过第二弹簧垫圈68和第二螺母39锁紧。浮动板30通过第九螺钉48和第三弹簧49与转动板33联接。导向块42与水平板34通过第十一螺钉51固联。V型块16与V型块安装块15通过第六螺钉27固联。第三螺钉14与V型块安装块15中的螺孔联接。导杆19与V型块安装块15通过螺孔联接,并与第一导套18滑动配合。第一导套18与传感器安装板17紧配。气缸推板23与导杆19通过第一螺母20和第一弹簧垫圈21固联,并通过第十四螺钉58与气缸57固联。气缸57通过第十三螺钉56与传感器安装板17固联。The bearing pad positioning and clamping mechanism consists of a zero probe 13, a zero probe mounting rod 28, a guide block 42, a floating plate 30, a V-shaped block mounting block 15, a V-shaped block 16, a first guide sleeve 18, Guide rod 19, cylinder push plate 23, cylinder 57, first nut 20, third nut 59, second nut 39, first spring washer 21, second spring washer 68, third screw 14, sixth screw 27, the first The nine screw 48, the eleventh screw 51, the thirteenth screw 56, the fourteenth screw 58, the third spring 49, etc.; Three nuts 59 are fastened. The zero measuring head installation rod 28 cooperates with the pin holes in the guide block 42 and the horizontal plate 34 , is connected with the guide block 42 through threads, and is locked by the second spring washer 68 and the second nut 39 . The floating plate 30 is coupled with the rotating plate 33 through the ninth screw 48 and the third spring 49 . The guide block 42 is fixedly connected with the horizontal plate 34 through the eleventh screw 51 . The V-shaped block 16 is fixedly connected with the V-shaped block mounting block 15 through the sixth screw 27 . The third screw 14 is coupled with the screw hole in the V-shaped block mounting block 15 . The guide rod 19 is connected with the V-shaped block mounting block 15 through a screw hole, and is slidably matched with the first guide sleeve 18 . The first guide sleeve 18 is closely matched with the sensor mounting plate 17 . The cylinder push plate 23 is fixedly connected with the guide rod 19 through the first nut 20 and the first spring washer 21 , and is fixedly connected with the cylinder 57 through the fourteenth screw 58 . The cylinder 57 is fixedly connected with the sensor mounting plate 17 through the thirteenth screw 56 .

所述的测量机构由测量传感器22、控制及显示器26、第四螺钉24和第五螺钉25组成。测量传感器22通过第五螺钉25与传感器安装板17紧固,其测量杆中心线与V型块安装块15及V型块16中间孔的轴线同轴,并通过零位测头13的球心。第四螺钉24与传感器安装板17通过螺孔联接。控制及显示器26放置于水平板34上。The measuring mechanism is composed of a measuring sensor 22 , a control and display 26 , a fourth screw 24 and a fifth screw 25 . The measuring sensor 22 is fastened to the sensor mounting plate 17 by the fifth screw 25, and the center line of the measuring rod is coaxial with the axis of the middle hole of the V-shaped block mounting block 15 and the V-shaped block 16, and passes through the spherical center of the zero-position measuring head 13 . The fourth screw 24 is connected with the sensor mounting plate 17 through a screw hole. Controls and displays 26 rest on a horizontal plate 34 .

所述的转动与调整机构由手轮4、插销5、手轮轴52、第一键6、第二键70、第一销3、第二销7、齿轮37、上下调节杆47、弹簧卡圈38、限位销40、第二导套43、检测底板11、调节板2、锁紧螺钉29、第一弹簧31、第二弹簧46、第四弹簧60、第五弹簧64、导向套44、导向柱45、转动板33、推料板8、轴瓦挡板9、第二螺钉10、第七螺钉32、第十螺钉50、第十一螺钉51、手柄61、角度定位杆62、大螺钉63、螺套65组成。手轮4与手轮轴52通过第一键6联接。插销5插入手轮4端面上的轴向截面定位孔69及立板41上对应的孔中。第二销7插入手轮轴52端部的销孔中。齿轮37通过第二键70与手轮轴52固联,由两个弹簧卡圈38进行轴向限位,并与上下调节杆47上的齿条啮合。上下调节杆47与第二导套43滑动配合,并通过第十螺钉50与检测底板11固联。第二导套43紧配于导向块42及水平板34的孔中。导向块42与水平板34通过第十一螺钉51固联。限位销40插入上下调节杆47上的孔中。第二弹簧46位于检测底板11和水平板34之间。导向柱45与检测底板11通过螺纹固联,插入第二弹簧46中,并与导向套44滑动配合。导向套44紧配于水平板34的孔中。调节板2与检测底板11通过第一销3定位,并通过第一螺钉1紧固。锁紧螺钉29通过第四弹簧60插入转动板33中的销孔中,并通过螺孔与调节板2固联。推料板8通过第一弹簧31和第七螺钉32与转动板33联接。第二螺钉10穿过轴瓦挡板9上的长槽与推料板8固联。手柄61与角度定位杆62通过螺纹联接。角度定位杆62通过第五弹簧64与大螺钉63中的孔滑动配合,并在第五弹簧64的作用下插入调节板2上的角度定位孔35中。螺套65通过螺纹与大螺钉63联接。大螺钉63通过螺纹与转动板33联接。The described rotation and adjustment mechanism is composed of hand wheel 4, latch 5, hand wheel shaft 52, first key 6, second key 70, first pin 3, second pin 7, gear 37, up and down adjusting rod 47, spring collar 38. Limit pin 40, second guide sleeve 43, detection base plate 11, adjustment plate 2, locking screw 29, first spring 31, second spring 46, fourth spring 60, fifth spring 64, guide sleeve 44, Guide column 45, rotating plate 33, pusher plate 8, bearing pad baffle 9, second screw 10, seventh screw 32, tenth screw 50, eleventh screw 51, handle 61, angle positioning rod 62, large screw 63 , Screw sleeve 65 forms. The handwheel 4 is connected with the handwheel shaft 52 through the first key 6 . The latch 5 is inserted into the axial section positioning hole 69 on the end face of the handwheel 4 and the corresponding hole on the vertical plate 41 . The second pin 7 is inserted into the pin hole at the end of the handwheel shaft 52 . The gear 37 is fixedly connected with the handwheel shaft 52 through the second key 70 , and is axially limited by two spring collars 38 , and meshes with the rack on the up and down adjusting rod 47 . The up and down adjusting rod 47 is slidingly matched with the second guide sleeve 43 and fixedly connected with the detection base plate 11 through the tenth screw 50 . The second guide sleeve 43 is tightly fitted in the holes of the guide block 42 and the horizontal plate 34 . The guide block 42 is fixedly connected with the horizontal plate 34 through the eleventh screw 51 . The limit pin 40 is inserted in the hole on the up and down adjusting rod 47 . The second spring 46 is located between the detection bottom plate 11 and the horizontal plate 34 . The guide column 45 is fixedly connected with the detection base plate 11 through threads, inserted into the second spring 46 , and slidably matched with the guide sleeve 44 . The guide sleeve 44 is tightly fitted in the hole of the horizontal plate 34 . The adjustment plate 2 and the detection bottom plate 11 are positioned by the first pin 3 and fastened by the first screw 1 . The locking screw 29 is inserted into the pin hole in the rotating plate 33 through the fourth spring 60, and is fixedly connected with the adjusting plate 2 through the screw hole. The pushing plate 8 is connected with the rotating plate 33 through the first spring 31 and the seventh screw 32 . The second screw 10 is fixedly connected with the pusher plate 8 through the long groove on the bearing bush baffle plate 9 . The handle 61 is connected with the angle positioning rod 62 through threads. The angle positioning rod 62 slides with the hole in the large screw 63 through the fifth spring 64 , and is inserted into the angle positioning hole 35 on the adjustment plate 2 under the action of the fifth spring 64 . The screw sleeve 65 is connected with the large screw 63 by threads. The large screw 63 is connected with the rotating plate 33 by threads.

本发明的优点在于:The advantages of the present invention are:

1、与螺旋千分尺及手动专用检具相比,其检测精度不受人为因素影响,轴瓦端面对其轴线的垂直度也不会影响检测精度,且不同轴向截面上厚度的检测不需手工翻瓦,因此检测精度和效率均较高。同时,轴瓦转动时不会划伤其内表面;1. Compared with the spiral micrometer and manual special inspection tool, its detection accuracy is not affected by human factors, and the perpendicularity of the end face of the bearing bush to its axis will not affect the detection accuracy, and the detection of thickness on different axial sections does not require manual work Turn over the tile, so the detection accuracy and efficiency are high. At the same time, the inner surface of the bearing pad will not be scratched when it rotates;

2、与全自动轴瓦厚度检测仪器相比,其体积小、占地面积小、成本低、检测点的位置可严格按国家标准规定进行。2. Compared with the automatic bearing pad thickness testing instrument, it is small in size, small in floor space, low in cost, and the position of the testing point can be strictly in accordance with the national standard.

基于本发明的特点及目前国内轴瓦厚度检测的现状,本发明的应用前景广阔,并可带来可观的经济和社会效益。Based on the characteristics of the invention and the current domestic situation of detection of the thickness of bearing pads, the invention has broad application prospects and can bring considerable economic and social benefits.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明所述的轴瓦厚度多点检测装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-point detection device for bearing pad thickness according to the present invention.

图2是图1的B-B局部剖视图。Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view along line B-B of Fig. 1 .

图3是图2中的A-A剖视图。Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2 .

图4是图1的上视图。Fig. 4 is a top view of Fig. 1 .

图5是图3的A处局部放大图。FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 3 .

图6是图1转动板33旋转32.5°的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of rotating the rotating plate 33 of FIG. 1 by 32.5°.

图7是图1转动板33旋转65°的示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of rotating the rotating plate 33 of FIG. 1 by 65°.

图8是本发明所述的轴瓦厚度多点检测装置检测轴瓦中间轴向截面上各测量点厚度示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the thickness of each measurement point on the middle axial section of the bearing pad detected by the multi-point detection device for the thickness of the bearing pad according to the present invention.

图9是本发明所述的轴瓦厚度多点检测装置检测轴瓦最上部轴向截面上各测量点厚度示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the thickness of each measurement point on the uppermost axial section of the bearing pad detected by the multi-point detection device for the thickness of the bearing pad according to the present invention.

图10是本发明所述的轴瓦厚度多点检测装置检测大直径轴瓦厚度示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of detecting the thickness of a large-diameter bearing pad by the multi-point detection device for bearing pad thickness according to the present invention.

图中,1.第一螺钉,2.调节板,3.第一销,4.手轮,5.插销,6.第一键,7.第二销,8.推料板,9.轴瓦挡板,10.第二螺钉,11.检测底板,12.被测轴瓦,13.零位测头,14.第三螺钉,15.V型块安装块,16.V型块,17.传感器安装板,18.第一导套,19.导杆,20.第一螺母,21.第一弹簧垫圈,22.测量传感器,23.气缸推板,24.第四螺钉,25.第五螺钉,26.控制及显示器,27.第六螺钉,28.零位测头安装杆,29.锁紧螺钉,30.浮动板,31.第一弹簧,32.第七螺钉,33.转动板,34.水平板,35.角度定位孔,36.第八螺钉,37.齿轮,38.弹簧卡圈,39.第二螺母,40.限位销,41.立板,42.导向块,43.第二导套,44.导向套,45.导向柱,46.第二弹簧,47.上下调节杆,48.第九螺钉,49.第三弹簧,50.第十螺钉,51.第十一螺钉,52.手轮轴,53.隔板,54.第十二螺钉,55.第三销,56.第十三螺钉,57.气缸,58.第十四螺钉,59.第三螺母,60.第四弹簧,61.手柄,62.角度定位杆,63.大螺钉,64.第五弹簧,65.螺套,66.拆装孔,67.第十五螺钉,68.第二弹簧垫圈,69.轴向截面定位孔,70.第二键,71.操作孔,72.大浮动板。In the figure, 1. the first screw, 2. the adjustment plate, 3. the first pin, 4. the hand wheel, 5. the latch, 6. the first key, 7. the second pin, 8. the pushing plate, 9. the bearing bush Baffle plate, 10. Second screw, 11. Detection base plate, 12. Bearing bush to be tested, 13. Zero position probe, 14. Third screw, 15. V-block mounting block, 16. V-block, 17. Sensor Mounting plate, 18. First guide sleeve, 19. Guide rod, 20. First nut, 21. First spring washer, 22. Measuring sensor, 23. Cylinder push plate, 24. Fourth screw, 25. Fifth screw , 26. Control and display, 27. Sixth screw, 28. Zero probe mounting rod, 29. Locking screw, 30. Floating plate, 31. First spring, 32. Seventh screw, 33. Rotating plate, 34. Horizontal plate, 35. Angle positioning hole, 36. Eighth screw, 37. Gear, 38. Spring collar, 39. Second nut, 40. Limit pin, 41. Vertical plate, 42. Guide block, 43 .Second guide sleeve, 44. Guide sleeve, 45. Guide column, 46. Second spring, 47. Up and down adjustment rod, 48. Ninth screw, 49. Third spring, 50. Tenth screw, 51. Tenth One screw, 52. hand wheel shaft, 53. clapboard, 54. the twelfth screw, 55. the third pin, 56. the thirteenth screw, 57. cylinder, 58. the fourteenth screw, 59. the third nut, 60. Fourth spring, 61. Handle, 62. Angle positioning rod, 63. Large screw, 64. Fifth spring, 65. Screw sleeve, 66. Disassembly hole, 67. Fifteenth screw, 68. Second spring Gasket, 69. axial section positioning hole, 70. second key, 71. operation hole, 72. large floating plate.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

图1所示的实施例中,接通气源和电源后,V型块16在气缸57的驱动下离开零位测头13,回退至最上位,揿控制及显示器26上的校准按钮(图中未示出),测量传感器22的测量杆伸出,穿过V型块安装块15及V型块16中间的孔,与零位测头13的球面接触。测量结果则显示在控制及显示器26上。此时,通过控制及显示器26上的零位按钮(图中未示出)将传感器的示值设置为零,测量传感器22的测量杆回退至初始位置,完成校准操作。该校准操作不必每片轴瓦检测前都进行,可在每班次、每天或更长时间校准一次即可。检测时,将被测轴瓦12的一个轴向端面放于检测底板11上,并由推料板8和轴瓦挡板9进行限位。推料板8在第一弹簧31的作用下保持被测轴瓦12内表面与零位测头13不接触。检测底板11在第二弹簧46的作用下处于最上位,并由限位销40限位,以保证测量传感器22的测量点距轴瓦下端面的距离满足标准要求。揿控制及显示器26上的检测按钮(图中未示出),气缸57动作,带动V型块16推动被测轴瓦12的外表面,压缩第一弹簧31,并以恒定的压力将被测轴瓦12的内表面压紧于零位测头13上。此时,测量传感器22的测量杆伸出,与被测轴瓦12的外表面接触。此时,测量传感器22的示值即为被测轴瓦12位于0°方向上的测量点处的厚度值。检测结果还可通过控制及显示器26上的数据接口(图中未示出)输出到外部的电脑、U盘等存储设备,以便进行后续的质量分析及问题追溯。接着,测量传感器22的测量杆及V型块16均回退至初始位置,被测轴瓦12也在第一弹簧31作用下,由推料板8推离零位测头13,以保证被测轴瓦12旋转时其内表面不被划伤。此时,一个测量点的检测操作结束。对于被测轴瓦12在该轴向截面上其它角度方向上的测量点,可通过手柄61拔起角度定位杆62,将转动板33连同浮动板30和被测轴瓦12一起旋转至规定角度,并将角度定位杆62插入对应的角度定位孔35中,即可重复进行检测,直到该轴向截面上各个角度方向上的规定测量点都检测完成。针对轴瓦不同轴向截面上测量点厚度的检测,可通过拔出插销5,逆时针旋转手轮4,使第二个轴向截面定位孔69对准立板41上对应的孔,并插入插销5使其固定。此时,上下调节杆47带动调节板2、被测轴瓦12、浮动板30及转动板33一起下降至测量传感器22测量杆的中心线距被测轴瓦12端面的距离为轴瓦宽度一半的地方,而零位测头13及测量传感器22均保持不动。如此便可对被测轴瓦12轴向中截面上的各点进行检测。重复以上操作,旋转手轮4,使其端面上的第三个轴向截面定位孔69对准立板41上对应的孔,插入插销5,则可对被测轴瓦12第三个轴向截面上的各测量点进行厚度检测。如此,国家标准中规定的位于轴瓦不同轴向截面及不同角度方向上的所有测量点均检测完毕。In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, after turning on the gas source and the power supply, the V-shaped block 16 leaves the zero-position probe 13 under the drive of the cylinder 57, returns to the uppermost position, and presses the calibration button on the control and display 26 ( Not shown in the figure), the measuring rod of measuring sensor 22 stretches out, passes the hole in the middle of V-shaped block mounting block 15 and V-shaped block 16, contacts with the spherical surface of zero position probe 13. The measurement results are displayed on the control and display 26 . At this time, the indication value of the sensor is set to zero through the zero button (not shown in the figure) on the control and display 26, and the measuring rod of the measuring sensor 22 returns to the initial position to complete the calibration operation. This calibration operation does not need to be carried out before each piece of bearing bush is tested, and can be calibrated once every shift, every day or for a longer period of time. When testing, place an axial end surface of the bearing bush 12 to be tested on the testing bottom plate 11, and limit the position by the pushing plate 8 and the bearing bush baffle 9. The pushing plate 8 keeps the inner surface of the tested bearing bush 12 from contacting the zero position measuring head 13 under the action of the first spring 31 . The detection bottom plate 11 is in the uppermost position under the action of the second spring 46 and is limited by the limit pin 40 to ensure that the distance between the measurement point of the measurement sensor 22 and the lower end surface of the bearing bush meets the standard requirements. Press the detection button (not shown in the figure) on the control and display 26, the cylinder 57 acts, drives the V-shaped block 16 to push the outer surface of the bearing bush 12 to be tested, compresses the first spring 31, and presses the bearing bush to be tested with a constant pressure. The inner surface of 12 is pressed on the zero measuring head 13. At this time, the measuring rod of the measuring sensor 22 protrudes and contacts the outer surface of the bearing bush 12 to be measured. At this time, the indicated value of the measurement sensor 22 is the thickness value of the measured bearing bush 12 at the measurement point located in the 0° direction. The test results can also be output to storage devices such as external computers and U disks through the data interface (not shown) on the control and display 26, so as to carry out subsequent quality analysis and problem tracing. Then, the measuring rod of the measuring sensor 22 and the V-shaped block 16 are both retracted to the initial position, and the bearing bush 12 to be tested is also pushed away from the zero-position measuring head 13 by the pusher plate 8 under the action of the first spring 31 to ensure that the measured The inner surface of the bearing bush 12 is not scratched when it rotates. At this point, the detection operation for one measurement point ends. For the measurement points of the measured bearing bush 12 in other angular directions on the axial section, the angle positioning rod 62 can be pulled up through the handle 61, the rotating plate 33 together with the floating plate 30 and the measured bearing bush 12 can be rotated to a specified angle, and By inserting the angle positioning rod 62 into the corresponding angle positioning hole 35, the detection can be repeated until all the specified measuring points in each angle direction on the axial section are detected. For the detection of the thickness of the measuring point on the different axial sections of the bearing bush, pull out the pin 5 and turn the hand wheel 4 counterclockwise to align the second axial section positioning hole 69 with the corresponding hole on the vertical plate 41, and insert the pin 5 to make it fixed. At this time, the upper and lower adjustment rods 47 drive the adjustment plate 2, the measured bearing bush 12, the floating plate 30 and the rotating plate 33 to descend together to a place where the distance between the center line of the measuring sensor 22 measuring rod and the end face of the tested bearing bush 12 is half the width of the bearing bush. And zero probe 13 and measuring sensor 22 all remain motionless. In this way, each point on the axial middle section of the tested bearing bush 12 can be detected. Repeat the above operations, rotate the hand wheel 4, make the third axial section positioning hole 69 on the end face align with the corresponding hole on the vertical plate 41, insert the pin 5, and then the third axial section of the bearing bush 12 under test can be aligned. Thickness testing is performed at each measuring point on the board. In this way, all the measurement points specified in the national standard located on different axial sections and different angular directions of the bearing bush have been tested.

根据长度量检测基本理论,测量传感器22的测量杆中心线是否通过零位测头13的球心、是否与被测轴瓦12外表面的法线重合、是否与V型块16的垂直中剖面重合都严重影响轴瓦厚度检测的精度,同时各零件在加工过程中必然存在制造误差,装置在使用过程中不可避免会出现松动、磨损和碰撞等。为此,图1所示的实施例中设计了三套调节装置以便装配及使用过程中进行相应调节。第一套调节装置是,为保证测量传感器22的测量杆中心线与零位测头13的球心等高,在零位测头安装杆28的下部及导向块42上设计了螺纹联接,松开第二螺母39后,通过零位测头安装杆28上的操作孔71可方便地调节零位测头13的球心高度,并通过第二螺母39和第二弹簧垫圈68进行锁紧。第二套调节装置是,为保证测量传感器22的测量杆中心线与V型块16的垂直中剖面重合,先拧松第六螺钉27,通过位于V型块16两侧、与V型块安装块15螺纹联接的两个第三螺钉14调节V型块16垂直中剖面的左右位置。第三套调节装置是,为使测量传感器22的测量杆中心线与被测轴瓦12外表面的法线重合,先拧松第五螺钉25,通过调节位于测量传感器22两侧、与传感器安装板17螺纹联接的四个第四螺钉24来实现。According to the basic theory of length detection, whether the center line of the measuring rod of the measuring sensor 22 passes through the center of the sphere of the zero probe 13, whether it coincides with the normal line of the outer surface of the tested bearing bush 12, and whether it coincides with the vertical middle section of the V-shaped block 16 Both seriously affect the accuracy of bearing pad thickness detection. At the same time, there must be manufacturing errors in each part during the processing process, and looseness, wear and collision will inevitably occur during the use of the device. For this reason, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, three sets of adjustment devices are designed so that corresponding adjustments can be made during assembly and use. The first set of adjustment device is that in order to ensure that the center line of the measuring rod of the measuring sensor 22 is equal to the center of the sphere of the zero measuring head 13, a threaded connection is designed on the bottom of the zero measuring head mounting rod 28 and the guide block 42, loose After the second nut 39 is opened, the center height of the zero probe 13 can be easily adjusted through the operation hole 71 on the zero probe mounting rod 28 , and locked by the second nut 39 and the second spring washer 68 . The second set of adjustment device is to ensure that the center line of the measuring rod of the measuring sensor 22 coincides with the vertical mid-section of the V-shaped block 16, first unscrew the sixth screw 27, and install it with the V-shaped block by being positioned at both sides of the V-shaped block 16. Two third screws 14 of block 15 threaded connections regulate the left and right positions of the vertical middle section of V-shaped block 16 . The third set of adjustment device is, in order to make the center line of the measuring rod of the measuring sensor 22 coincide with the normal line of the outer surface of the bearing bush 12 to be measured, first loosen the fifth screw 25, and adjust the position between the two sides of the measuring sensor 22 and the sensor mounting plate. Four fourth screws 24 of 17 threaded connections are realized.

图1所示的实施例中,当V型块16在气缸57的作用下将被测轴瓦12压紧于零位测头13时,被测轴瓦12的空间姿态完全由V型块16及零位测头13的相对位置决定。由于浮动板30上三个第九螺钉48过孔的直径大于第九螺钉48的直径,通过第九螺钉48和第三弹簧49联接于转动板33上的浮动板30处于浮动姿态,如此便可消除被测轴瓦12轴向端面与其轴线的垂直度误差给厚度检测带来的不利影响。In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, when the V-shaped block 16 presses the tested bearing bush 12 to the zero-position probe 13 under the action of the cylinder 57, the spatial attitude of the tested bearing bush 12 is completely controlled by the V-shaped block 16 and the zero-position probe. The relative position of the measuring head 13 is determined. Because the diameter of three ninth screw 48 through holes on the floating plate 30 is greater than the diameter of the ninth screw 48, the floating plate 30 that is coupled on the rotating plate 33 by the ninth screw 48 and the third spring 49 is in a floating posture, so that it can Eliminate the adverse effect on thickness detection caused by the perpendicularity error between the axial end surface of the tested bearing bush 12 and its axis.

图1所示的实施例中,针对大直径轴瓦厚度的多点检测,可松开第一螺钉1,拔出第一销3,将调节板2朝外侧移动至合适位置,再将第一销3插入调节板2和检测底板11上对应的销孔中。为使浮动板30在转动轴瓦时与零位测头安装杆28不产生干涉,再用大浮动板72替换浮动板30,同时通过第二螺钉10调节轴瓦挡板9与推料板8的相对位置以保证轴瓦的准确限位(如图10所示)。In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, for the multi-point detection of the thickness of the large-diameter bearing pad, the first screw 1 can be loosened, the first pin 3 can be pulled out, the adjustment plate 2 can be moved outward to a proper position, and then the first pin 3 into the corresponding pin holes on the adjustment plate 2 and the detection base plate 11. In order to prevent the floating plate 30 from interfering with the zero probe mounting rod 28 when the bearing bush is rotated, the floating plate 30 is replaced with a large floating plate 72, and the relative position between the bearing bush baffle plate 9 and the pusher plate 8 is adjusted by the second screw 10 at the same time. position to ensure the accurate limit of the bearing pad (as shown in Figure 10).

图1所示的实施例中,拆装孔66是为了大螺钉63的拆装方便设置的。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the assembly and disassembly holes 66 are provided for the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the large screws 63 .

Claims (1)

1. a half bearing thickness multipoint detection device, comprise mechanical support mechanism, bearing shell positioning and clamping mechanism, measuring mechanism, rotate and adjusting mechanism four parts, it is characterized in that: mechanical support mechanism is by riser (41), leveling board (34), dividing plate (53), installation of sensors plate (17), the 8th screw (36), the 12 screw (54), the 15 screw (67), the 3rd pin (55) composition, riser (41) connects firmly by the 15 screw (67) with leveling board (34), riser (41) connects firmly by the 8th screw (36) with dividing plate (53), leveling board (34) connects firmly by the 12 screw (54) and the 3rd pin (55) with installation of sensors plate (17), bearing shell positioning and clamping mechanism is by zero-bit gauge head (13), zero-bit gauge head mounting rod (28), orienting lug (42), float plate (30), V-block mounting blocks (15), V-block (16), the first guide pin bushing (18), guide rod (19), cylinder push pedal (23), cylinder (57), the first nut (20), the 3rd nut (59), the second nut (39), the first spring washer (21), the second spring washer (68), the 3rd screw (14), the 6th screw (27), the 9th screw (48), the 11 screw (51), the 13 screw (56), the 14 screw (58), the 3rd spring (49) composition, zero-bit gauge head (13) coordinates by pin-and-hole with zero-bit gauge head mounting rod (28), and fastening by the 3rd nut (59), zero-bit gauge head mounting rod (28) coordinates with the pin-and-hole in orienting lug (42) and leveling board (34), connect with orienting lug (42) by screw thread, and by the second spring washer (68) and the second nut (39) locking, float plate (30) connects with rotor plate (33) by the 9th screw (48) and the 3rd spring (49), orienting lug (42) connects firmly by the 11 screw (51) with leveling board (34), V-block (16) connects firmly by the 6th screw (27) with V-block mounting blocks (15), the 3rd screw (14) connects with the screw in V-block mounting blocks (15), guide rod (19) connects by screw with V-block mounting blocks (15), and be slidably matched with the first guide pin bushing (18), the first guide pin bushing (18) and installation of sensors plate (17) close-fitting, cylinder push pedal (23) connects firmly by the first nut (20) and the first spring washer (21) with guide rod (19), and connect firmly by the 14 screw (58) and cylinder (57), cylinder (57) connects firmly by the 13 screw (56) and installation of sensors plate (17), measuring mechanism is made up of survey sensor (22), control and display (26), the 4th screw (24) and the 5th screw (25), survey sensor (22) is fastening by the 5th screw (25) and installation of sensors plate (17), its sounding rod is coaxial with the hole in the middle of V-block mounting blocks (15) and V-block (16), and by the centre of sphere of zero-bit gauge head (13), the 4th screw (24) connects by screw with installation of sensors plate (17), rotate with adjusting mechanism by handwheel (4), latch (5), hand wheel shaft (52), first key (6), the second key (70), the first pin (3), the second pin (7), gear (37), up-down adjustment bar (47), spring collar (38), spacer pin (40), the second guide pin bushing (43), detect base plate (11), adjustable plate (2), lock-screw (29), the first spring (31), the second spring (46), the 4th spring (60), the 5th spring (64), orienting sleeve (44), guidepost (45), rotor plate (33), scraping wings (8), bearing shell baffle plate (9), the second screw (10), the 7th screw (32), the tenth screw (50), handle (61), angle orientation bar (62), large screw (63), swivel nut (65) composition, handwheel (4) connects by first key (6) with hand wheel shaft (52), latch (5) inserts in first axial cross section pilot hole (69) and the upper corresponding hole of riser (41) on handwheel (4) end face, the second pin (7) inserts in the pin-and-hole of hand wheel shaft (52) end, gear (37) connects firmly by the second key (70) and hand wheel shaft (52), by two spring collars (38) axial limiting, and engage with the tooth bar on up-down adjustment bar (47), up-down adjustment bar (47) is slidably matched with the second guide pin bushing (43), and connect firmly by the tenth screw (50) and detection base plate (11), the second guide pin bushing (43) is tight with in the hole of orienting lug (42) and leveling board (34), spacer pin (40) inserts in the hole on up-down adjustment bar (47), the second spring (46) is positioned at and detects between base plate (11) and leveling board (34), guidepost (45) connects firmly by screw thread with detection base plate (11), insert in the second spring (46), and be slidably matched with orienting sleeve (44), orienting sleeve (44) is tight with in the hole of leveling board (34), adjustable plate (2) is located by the first pin (3) with detection base plate (11), and fastening by the first screw (1), lock-screw (29) inserts in the pin-and-hole in rotor plate (33) by the 4th spring (60), and connect firmly by screw and adjustable plate (2), scraping wings (8) connects with rotor plate (33) by the first spring (31) and the 7th screw (32), the second screw (10) connects firmly through elongated slot and scraping wings (8) on bearing shell baffle plate (9), handle (61) passes through thread connection with angle orientation bar (62), angle orientation bar (62) is slidably matched by the 5th spring (64) and the hole in large screw (63), and under the effect of the 5th spring (64), insert in the angle orientation hole (35) on adjustable plate (2), swivel nut (65) connects with large screw (63) by screw thread, large screw (63) connects with rotor plate (33) by screw thread.
CN201210045894.7A 2012-02-24 2012-02-24 Multi-point detection device for thickness of bearing bush Expired - Fee Related CN102607433B (en)

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