CN102607304A - 整体式热管热交换器 - Google Patents
整体式热管热交换器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102607304A CN102607304A CN2011100241466A CN201110024146A CN102607304A CN 102607304 A CN102607304 A CN 102607304A CN 2011100241466 A CN2011100241466 A CN 2011100241466A CN 201110024146 A CN201110024146 A CN 201110024146A CN 102607304 A CN102607304 A CN 102607304A
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- heat
- evaporation
- condensation
- heat exchanger
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011257 shell materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001736 Capillaries Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquids Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001489523 Coregonus artedi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0275—Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D2001/0253—Particular components
- F28D2001/026—Cores
- F28D2001/0273—Cores having special shape, e.g. curved, annular
Abstract
本发明关于一种整体式热管热交换器，其包括外壳体、收容于外壳体内的热管换热器装置及至少与外壳体固定连接的隔板。热管换热器装置包括蒸发端及冷凝端。隔板与外壳体共同将整体式热管热交换器分隔成内循环换热系统及外循环换热系统。所述热管换热器装置具有沿与水平方向倾斜一定角度延伸形成的连接部。该连接部连接冷凝端及蒸发端并被隔板穿过从而分隔形成第一连接部及第二连接部。第一连接部与上述蒸发端共同位于内循环换热系统内，第二连接部与上述冷凝端共同位于外循环换热系统内。本发明整体式热管热交换器结构简单，传热效率高，流体阻损小，功热比大。
Description
整体式热管热交换器
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种热交换器，尤其涉及一种热管热交换器，属于制冷设备技术领域。
背景技术
[0002] 在电力、通讯或电气等行业，广泛使用到控制机柜。为了防止潮气、灰尘或有害气体进入机柜，机柜通常对外封闭。在运行中，因机柜中器件自身发出热量或者户外阳光照射，机柜中温度会不断升高，如不及时散热势必会影响机柜中器件的正常运行。因此，在这些行业中应用的控制机柜中需配置专门的换热器对机柜内空气散热。
[0003] 在目前换热器中，从性能上能满足以上使用场合要求的产品有板翅式换热器、错流板式换热器以及热管换热器。板翅式换热器制作工艺复杂，耗材多，重量又重，制作成本高导致售价高。而错流板式换热器具有质轻、体积小、生产工艺简单、制作成本低的优势，但是其具有温度梯度的损失，其换热效率仍有限，并且它需要在热交换双方有一定温差的条件下才能正常工作。如果夏天室外温度高达45摄氏度，而控制机柜中温度在50摄氏度，则错流板式换热器就不能正常工作了。
[0004] 热管是一种具有高导热性能的传热元件，其当量传热量是最优良的金属如银、铜、 铝等的几百倍，甚至上千倍，因此有“近超导热体”之称。它通过在全封闭真空管壳内工质的蒸发与凝结来传递热量，具有极高的导热性、良好的等温性、冷热两侧的传热面积可任意改变、可远距离传热、可控制温度等一系列优点。因此近年来，热管在各领域都得到了很大的应用。
[0005] 因此，本发明提供一种应用热管技术的热管热交换器以实现对机柜的控温。
发明内容
[0006] 本发明的目的在于提供一种整体式热管热交换器，其传热效率高，流体热阻小。
[0007] 为实现上述目的，本发明是关于一种整体式热管热交换器，其包括外壳体、收容于外壳体内的热管换热器装置及至少与外壳体固定连接的隔板。热管换热器装置包括蒸发端及冷凝端。隔板与外壳体共同将整体式热管热交换器分隔成内循环换热系统及外循环换热系统。所述热管换热器装置具有沿与水平方向倾斜一定角度延伸形成的连接部。该连接部连接冷凝端及蒸发端并被隔板穿过从而分隔形成第一连接部及第二连接部。其中第一连接部与上述蒸发端共同位于内循环换热系统内，第二连接部与上述冷凝端共同位于外循环换热系统内。
[0008] 作为本发明的进一步改进，所述连接部与水平方向的倾斜角度为1°至89°之间。
[0009] 作为本发明的进一步改进，所述热管换热器装置的冷凝端及蒸发端相互平行。
[0010] 作为本发明的进一步改进，所述连接部形成有若干镂空通槽，其中隔板包括分别穿过镂空通槽并封闭镂空通槽的上隔板及下隔板。[0011] 作为本发明的进一步改进，所述上隔板下端及下隔板上端分别形成有若干齿状分隔片，每一上隔板的齿状分隔片与每一下隔板的齿状分隔片互相重叠并共同穿过镂空通槽而封闭该镂空通槽。
[0012] 作为本发明的进一步改进，所述上隔板及下隔板为阶梯状，上隔板具有与冷凝端平行的第一安装部、与第一安装部大致平行并形成有上述齿状分隔片的第一间隔部、及倾斜延伸并分别连接上述第一安装部及第一间隔部的第一延伸部；下隔板具有与蒸发端平行的第二安装部、与第二安装部大致平行并形成有上述齿状分隔片的第二间隔部、及倾斜延伸并分别连接上述第二安装部及第二间隔部的第二延伸部。
[0013] 作为本发明的进一步改进，还具有安装于上述第一安装部的蒸发风机及安装于上述第二安装部的冷凝风机，其中冷凝风机与冷凝端对正并共同位于外循环换热系统内，蒸发风机与蒸发端对正并共同位于内循环换热系统内。
[0014] 作为本发明的进一步改进，还具有风机固定板，所述蒸发风机及冷凝风机分别安装于风机固定板后固定于第一、第二安装部。
[0015] 作为本发明的进一步改进，所述热管换热器装置包括位于冷凝端顶部的上集流管、位于蒸发端底部的下集流管、分别与上集流管及下集流管连通且中部可流通流体介质的扁管，其中每一扁管呈Z形。
[0016] 作为本发明的进一步改进，所述热管换热器装置还包括分布于相邻扁管之间的散热翅片，其中连接部处未设置散热翅片，从而形成上述镂空通槽。
[0017] 本发明的有益效果是：整体式热管交换器结构，传热效率高，流体阻损小，功热比大。
附图说明
[0018] 图I是本发明整体式热管热交换器的组装立体示意图。
[0019] 图2是本发明整体式热管热交换器另一角度的组装立体示意图,
[0020] 图3是本发明整体式热管热交换器的立体分解示意图。
[0021] 图4是图3所示结构的另一角度的立体分解示意图。
[0022] 图5是图4所示结构的部分组装立体示意图。
[0023] 图6是图5所示结构的侧视图。
具体实施方式
[0024] 本发明提供一种采用热管作为换热装置的整体式热管热交换器100。热管是一种具有高导热性能的传热元件，它通过在全封闭真空管壳内工质的蒸发与凝结来传递热量， 具有极高的导热性、良好的等温性、冷热两侧的传热面积可任意改变、可远距离传热、可控制温度等一系列优点。由热管组成的热管热交换器具有传热效率高、流体阻损小、功热比大等优点。而且，热管热交换器不需要压缩机，不需要氟利昂工质，其结构紧凑，质量和外形较小。
[0025] 热管的工作原理是利用流体介质的蒸发与冷凝来传递热量。热管的流体介质根据成分和比例的不同，分为低温、中温和高温等几类热管，较为常见的流体介质有氨、水、丙酮及甲醇等。热管两端分别为蒸发端(加热端）和冷凝端(散热端)，两端之间根据需要采取绝热措施。热管蒸发端受热时，管内流体介质汽化，从热源吸收汽化热，汽化后蒸汽向另一侧冷凝端流动并遇冷凝结向散热区放出潜热。冷凝液借毛细力或重力的作用回流，继续受热汽化，这样热管内热量通过工质的相变过程进行的往复循环传导，将大量热量从加热区传递到散热区。
[0026] 请参阅图I至图4，于本发明优选实施方式中，本发明整体式热管热交换器100用于为机柜、蓄电池保温柜等装置调节温度。整体式热管热交换器100包括拼装式外壳体3、 收容在外壳体3内的热管换热器装置2、蒸发风机5、冷凝风机8及电气控制系统I。本发明整体式热管热交换器100还包括与外壳体3共同将整体式热管热交换器100分隔成相互隔绝的内循环换热系统及外循环换热系统的隔板4。上述热管换热器装置2被隔板4分隔后分别位于内循环换热系统及外循环换热系统中。
[0027] 外壳体3包括分别于其上部及下部开设有柜内侧进风口 311及柜内侧出风口 312 的后盖板31、一对侧板35、底座34、顶盖33及分别于其上部及下部开设有柜外侧出风口 322及柜外侧进风口 321的前盖板32。这些组件互相螺锁或者铆接连接成为外壳体3。
[0028] 热管换热器装置2整体呈Z字形，其包括位于上、下两端的上、下集流管24、与上、 下集流管24连通的中部可流通流体介质的若干扁管25及与相邻扁管25钎焊连接的若干散热翅片(未标号)。位于下方的热管换热器装置2构成本发明整体式热管热交换器100的蒸发端21，位于上方并与蒸发端21平行的热管热交换器装置2构成本发明整体式热管热交换器100的冷凝端22。热管换热器装置2还具有位于中部的倾斜延伸形成并分别与蒸发端21及冷凝端22连接的连接部23。其中，位于中部的连接部23的扁管25之间并没有焊接连接有散热翅片，因此连接部23的相邻两扁管25之间形成有若干沿竖直方向贯通的镂空通槽230。蒸发端21位于内循环换热系统内，而冷凝端22位于外循环换热系统内，连接部23沿与水平方向呈一定角度倾斜延伸从而连接冷凝端22下端及蒸发端21上端。连接部23的与水平方向的倾斜角度可以从1°至89°之间变化。因此，连接部23具有位于内循环换热系统内的第一连接部231及位于外循环换热系统内的第二连接部232。上述镂空通槽230形成于第一连接部231及第二连接部232之间。
[0029] 隔板4包括沿上、下方向组配的上隔板41及下隔板42。请参阅图6，从侧面看，上、 下隔板41、42呈阶梯状。上隔板41包括位于其一端并大致沿竖直方向延伸的第一安装部 410、与第一安装部410平行并位于其另一端的第一间隔部413及连接第一安装部410及第一间隔部413的倾斜第一延伸部412。下隔板42包括位于其一端并大致沿竖直方向延伸的第二安装部420、与第二安装部420平行并位于其另一端的第二间隔部423及连接第二安装部420及第二间隔部423的第二延伸部422。上、下隔板41、42相向的第一间隔部413及第二间隔部423分别形成有若干间隔设置的齿状分隔片40。当上隔板41及下隔板42沿竖直方向组配，第一间隔部413与第二间隔部423的分隔片40彼此重叠穿过连接部23的通槽230从而封闭该通槽230以起到隔热及防止漏热的效果。同时，将连接部23的第一连接部231及第二连接部232间隔设置于内循环换热系统及外循环换热系统内。上隔板41与顶盖33固定连接，下隔板42与设置于底座34上方的集水槽36固定连接。隔板4还穿过热管换热器装置2的中部。蒸发风机5设置在风机固定板51上然后固定安装于上隔板41 的第一安装部410上。冷凝风机8设置在风机固定板81上然后固定安装于下隔板42的第二安装部420上。因此，蒸发风机5和冷凝风机8的安装维护十分便捷。此外，冷凝风机8另一侧安装有挡风板82，其用来引导外部空气进入冷凝风机8。
[0030] 因此，本发明整体式热管热交换器100的内循环换热系统由后盖板31、与后盖板 31的柜内侧进风口 311对正的蒸发风机5、隔板4、及与柜内侧出风口 312对正的热管换热器装置2的蒸发端21组成。当本发明整体式热管热交换器100工作时，柜内部的热空气在蒸发风机5的作用下，流经柜内侧进风口 311并自上向下流动至热管换热器装置2的第一连接部231，穿过该第一连接部231后被下隔板42拦截，反吹向热管换热器装置2的蒸发端 21，被蒸发端21冷却后经柜内侧出风口 312送入机柜内，对机柜进行降温。下隔板42呈阶梯坡度，有利于风向的导流，增强换热效率。因为下隔板42上部与热管换热器装置2之间间隔加大，有利于引流较多风力，而下隔板42下部平直，与热管换热器装置2之间的间隔缩小，有利于引流的风力反向弹回蒸发端21。
[0031] 本发明整体式热管热交换器100的外循环换热系统由前盖板32、与前盖板32的柜外侧进风口 321对正的冷凝风机8、隔板4及与柜外侧出风口 322对正的热管换热器装置2 的冷凝端22组成。当柜外的空气在冷凝风机8的作用下，经柜外侧进风口 321进入冷凝风机8、并自下而上流动至热管换热器装置2的第二连接部232，穿过该第二连接部232后被上隔板41拦截，反吹向热管换热器装置2的冷凝端22，将在蒸发端21受热后汽化并流动至冷凝端22的流体介质冷却，然后变成热空气并经柜外侧出风口 322排出至整体式热管热交换器100外部。被冷却后的流体介质重新凝结为液体，并借助毛细力或重力的作用回流至蒸发端21重新对柜内热空气进行冷却并自身汽化。上隔板41呈阶梯坡度，有利于风向的导流，增强换热效率。因为上隔板41下部呈阶梯坡度，与热管换热器装置2之间间隔加大， 有利于引流较多风力，而上隔板41上部平直，与热管换热器装置2之间的间隔缩小，有利于引流的风力反向弹回冷凝端22。
[0032] 在扁管25外表穿接的高密度的散热翅片，可以大幅度减小热管换热器装置2的体积，同时大大提高散热效率。
[0033] 因此，热管换热器装置2的扁管25内为负压，流体介质在扁管25及集热管24之间流通，流路简单顺畅，流体阻损小。本发明整体式热管热交换器100通过被隔板4分隔并形成有蒸发端21和冷凝端22的热管换热器装置2，其结构简单、传热效率高，功热比大。
[0034] 特别需要指出的是，本发明具体实施方式中仅以该整体式热管热交换器100作为示例，在实际应用中其他类型的整体式热管热交换器均适用本发明揭示的原理。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在本发明的教导下所作的针对本发明的等效变化，仍应包含在本发明权利要求所主张的范围中。
Claims (10)
1.一种整体式热管热交换器，其包括外壳体、收容于外壳体内的热管换热器装置及至少与外壳体固定连接的隔板；热管换热器装置包括蒸发端及冷凝端；隔板与外壳体共同将整体式热管热交换器分隔成内循环换热系统及外循环换热系统；其特征在于：所述热管换热器装置具有沿与水平方向倾斜一定角度延伸形成的连接部，该连接部连接冷凝端及蒸发端并被隔板穿过从而分隔形成第一连接部及第二连接部，其中第一连接部与上述蒸发端共同位于内循环换热系统内，第二连接部与上述冷凝端共同位于外循环换热系统内。
2.如权利要求I所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，所述连接部与水平方向的倾斜角度为1°至89°之间。
3.如权利要求I所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，所述热管换热器装置的冷凝端及蒸发端相互平行。
4.如权利要求I所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，所述连接部形成有若干镂空通槽，其中隔板包括分别穿过镂空通槽并封闭镂空通槽的上隔板及下隔板。
5.如权利要求4所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，所述上隔板下端及下隔板上端分别形成有若干齿状分隔片，每一上隔板的齿状分隔片与每一下隔板的齿状分隔片互相重叠并共同穿过镂空通槽而封闭该镂空通槽。
6.如权利要求5所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，所述上隔板及下隔板为阶梯状，上隔板具有与冷凝端平行的第一安装部、与第一安装部大致平行并形成有上述齿状分隔片的第一间隔部、及倾斜延伸并分别连接上述第一安装部及第一间隔部的第一延伸部；下隔板具有与蒸发端平行的第二安装部、与第二安装部大致平行并形成有上述齿状分隔片的第二间隔部、及倾斜延伸并分别连接上述第二安装部及第二间隔部的第二延伸部。
7.如权利要求6所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，还具有安装于上述第一安装部的蒸发风机及安装于上述第二安装部的冷凝风机，其中冷凝风机与冷凝端对正并共同位于外循环换热系统内，蒸发风机与蒸发端对正并共同位于内循环换热系统内。
8.如权利要求7所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，还具有风机固定板，所述蒸发风机及冷凝风机分别安装于风机固定板后固定于第一、第二安装部。
9.如权利要求I所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，所述热管换热器装置包括位于冷凝端顶部的上集流管、位于蒸发端底部的下集流管、分别与上集流管及下集流管连通且中部可流通流体介质的扁管，其中每一扁管呈Z形。
10.如权利要求9所述的整体式热管热交换器，其特征在于，所述热管换热器装置还包括分布于相邻扁管之间的散热翅片，其中连接部处未设置散热翅片，从而形成上述镂空通槽。
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Application publication date: 20120725 |