CN102602988A - Method for preparing lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) with large specific area - Google Patents

Method for preparing lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) with large specific area Download PDF

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CN102602988A
CN102602988A CN2012100650848A CN201210065084A CN102602988A CN 102602988 A CN102602988 A CN 102602988A CN 2012100650848 A CN2012100650848 A CN 2012100650848A CN 201210065084 A CN201210065084 A CN 201210065084A CN 102602988 A CN102602988 A CN 102602988A
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lithium
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lithium titanate
titanate
bigger serface
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CN102602988B (en
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王昌松
姚文俊
庄伟�
施容华
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Changzhou Taite New Material Technology Co Ltd
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CHANGSHU YUTYRONE ADVANCED WEAR MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) with a large specific area. The method includes using titanic acid H2TiO3, H4Ti5O12 or H2Ti2O5 as a titanium source, adding the titanic acid into 2-20M of soluble lithium salt aquatic liquor, and leading the titanic acid and the lithium salt liquor to be sufficiently mixed under the water bath and vacuum condition with the temperature ranging from 60 DEG C to 100 DEG C; and placing the mixed reactant liquid in a hydrothermal kettle, realizing hydrothermal reaction for 1 to 12 hours at the temperature ranging from 120 DEG C to 220 DEG C, taking out a reaction product, filtering the reaction product and obtaining the target object Li4Ti5O12. The specific surface area of the lithium titanate product ranges from 50m2/g to 220m2/g, the Li4Ti5O12 has the advantages of large specific surface area and excellent lithium battery performance, and a process of the method is environment-friendly, is low in energy consumption and applicable to industrial application, and the like.

Description

A kind of bigger serface lithium titanate (Li 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation field of ceramic, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of bigger serface lithium titanate with spinel structure.
Background technology
Lithium titanate material (Li 4Ti 5O 12) as a kind of negative material of lithium ion battery; Be a kind of " zero strain material "; Compare and business-like carbon material; Characteristics with high security, high stability, long lifetime and environmental protection will be as the negative material of lithium ion battery of new generation and be widely used in new-energy automobile, battery-operated motor cycle and require high security, high stability and macrocyclic Application Areas.
We know that the nano material and the performance of different-shape have close ties.According to bibliographical information, the lithium titanate of the vesicular structure of high-specific surface area helps improving the contact area of electrode and electrolytic solution, thereby promotes the performance of lithium titanate.And the method for synthetic lithium titanate adopts high temperature solid-state method and sol-gel method mostly at present.High temperature solid-state method is simple to operate, is easy to industriallization, but the product particle is grown up easily under pyroreaction, and pore structure is prone to cave in, and can cause the lithium titanate specific surface area very little.Sol-gel method needs costliness and with serious pollution organic alkoxide as presoma, and complex process is difficult to scale operation.
The present invention aims to provide a kind of technology for preparing the bigger serface lithium titanate, technology environmental protection, low, the suitable industrial applications of energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is on the basis of existing technology, a kind of preparation bigger serface lithium titanate (Li is provided 4Ti 5O 12) method.The Li that the inventive method obtains 4Ti 5O 12Having bigger specific surface area, is 50 ~ 220 m 2/ g; And in the preparation process, not relating to organism, preparation technology has advantages such as environmental protection, low, the suitable industrial applications of energy consumption.
Realize that the object of the invention can adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of bigger serface lithium titanate (Li 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method,, may further comprise the steps as titanium source and lithium source with metatitanic acid and solubility lithium salts:
1) metatitanic acid is added in 2 ~ 20M solubility Aqueous Lithium Salts, under 60 ~ 100 ℃ of water-baths, vacuum condition, stirring or ultra-sonic dispersion make metatitanic acid and lithium salt solution thorough mixing;
2) the reactant mixed solution places in the water heating kettle, 120 ~ 220 ℃ of hydro-thermal reactions 1 ~ 12 hour, takes out reaction product, filters, and makes object Li 4Ti 5O 12
Described metatitanic acid is selected from H 2TiO 3, H 4Ti 5O 12, H 2Ti 2O 5Perhaps its hydrate.
Described metatitanic acid can mix the alkali metal titanate with laminate structure with acid solution, stirring reaction under room temperature gets metatitanic acid after the filtration.For making titanium of the present invention source, alkali metal titanate can be selected from K 2TiO 3, NaKTiO 3, Na 4Ti 5O 12Perhaps K 2Ti 2O 5In one or more.
The solid-to-liquid ratio of described metatitanic acid and lithium salt solution (g/mL) is 1:5 ~ 1:20.
Described lithium salts is the solubility lithium salts, comprises in lithium nitrate, Lithium Hydroxide MonoHydrate, Lithium Acetate or its hydrate one or more.
Described step 2) in, preferred 120 ~ 180 ℃ of hydrothermal temperature.
Step 2) in, water heating kettle can be put into baking oven or process furnace, adopts the mode of baking oven or process furnace heating to reaction energy to be provided, and also can directly adopt the reaction kettle with heating function to react.
Step 2) in, after reaction product was filtered, the lithium salt solution that obtains can use after adding a certain amount of lithium salts repeatedly.
According to the inventive method, the Li that makes 4Ti 5O 12Specific surface area be 50 ~ 220 m 2/ g.Under the optimum condition, the Li that makes 4Ti 5O 12Specific surface area can reach 90 ~ 220 m 2/ g.
Beneficial effect of the present invention comprises:
1, select for use metatitanic acid with low cost, as to be easy to get, to have special construction as the titanium source, in the preparation process, do not adopt organism, the masterplate method that relative traditional preparation process porous material is adopted has environmental protection, cheap, the easy industrialized advantage of preparation cost.
2, the resulting Li of the inventive method 4Ti 5O 12Have bigger specific surface area,, when high-power discharging and recharging, have the high advantage of capacity, and the energy conservation rate after the 40C circulation 1000 times can maintain 94% (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) as the cathode of lithium battery active material.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Protection scope of the present invention is not exceeded with embodiment, but is limited claim.
 
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 embodiment 1 obtains Li 4Ti 5O 12The BET isothermal curve.
Fig. 2 embodiment 1 obtains Li 4Ti 5O 12FESEM figure.
The Li that Fig. 3 the inventive method makes 4Ti 5O 12As the stability diagram of negative active core-shell material under different charge-discharge velocities.
The Li that Fig. 4 the inventive method makes 4Ti 5O 12As the charging and discharging graphic representation of negative active core-shell material after 40C circulation 1000 times.
 
Embodiment
According to the method for the invention, utilize metatitanic acid to carry out hydro-thermal reaction under certain condition as titanium source and lithium salts, the lithium titanate product that this method obtains is that specific surface area is 50 ~ 220m 2The Li of the spinel structure of/g 4Ti 5O 12, this material has the capacity height when high-power discharging and recharging, and the energy conservation rate after the 40C circulation 1000 times can maintain 94% advantage.The masterplate method that traditional relatively preparation porous material is adopted has environmental protection, cheap, the easy industrialized advantage of preparation cost.
Embodiment 1
With 5g K 2TiO 3Mix with the 1M hydrochloric acid soln of 200ml, room temperature is carried out IX, and 2 hours after-filtration obtain compound H 2TiO 3With 3g H 2TiO 3Place the lithium hydroxide solution of 2M, stir or ultrasonic mixing, mix in order to make, be blended in vacuumize and the condition of 100 ℃ of water-baths (30 minutes) under carry out.Reactant behind the thorough mixing is placed water heating kettle, put into 120 ℃ of insulations of retort furnace after 10 hours, suction filtration, washing get Li 4Ti 5O 12
The Li that obtains 4Ti 5O 12BET and FESEM characterize like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2 its BET specific surface area 220 m 2/ g; Pore volume 0.107m 3/ g; Mean pore size 3.3 nm.
 
Embodiment 2~5
According to embodiment 1 essentially identical method, adopt H 4Ti 5O 12Or H 2Ti 2O 5Be the titanium source, change lithium source and reaction conditions, make the Li of different specific surface areas 4Ti 5O 12, actual conditions and product characteristic are seen table 1.
 
Comparative Examples 1
Method by embodiment 1 makes titanium source H 2TiO 3, with 3g H 2TiO 3Place the lithium nitrate solution of 14M, directly reaction mixture is placed water heating kettle, put into 180 ℃ of insulations of retort furnace after 2 hours, suction filtration, washing get Li 4Ti 5O 12Prepared product characteristic is seen table 1.
 
Comparative Examples 2,3
With H 4Ti 4O 9Or H 2Ti 3O 7Be the titanium source, by preparing lithium titanate with embodiment 1 essentially identical method, actual conditions and product characteristic are seen table 1.
The preparation condition of table 1 embodiment 2~5 and Comparative Examples and product characteristic
Figure 2012100650848100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Can find out by embodiment and Comparative Examples 1, mix under the water bath condition for obtaining large specific surface Li 4Ti 5O 12Play keying action.Can find out that by embodiment and Comparative Examples 2,3 metatitanic acid of not all structure can obtain the Li of bigger serface 4Ti 5O 12
Can find out that by embodiment and Comparative Examples the invention provides a kind of preparation specific surface area is 50 ~ 200m 2The Li of the spinel structure of/g 4Ti 5O 12Method.Among the present invention, the crystalline structure of mixing and metatitanic acid is to obtain bigger serface Li under 60 ~ 100 ℃ the water bath condition 4Ti 5O 12Important factor.Because preparation technology of the present invention is non-masterplate and non-sol-gel method, has environmental protection, advantage of simple technology, and the Li that obtains 4Ti 5O 12Material lithium electrical property is excellent.

Claims (9)

1. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that,, may further comprise the steps as titanium source and lithium source with metatitanic acid and solubility lithium salts:
1) metatitanic acid is added in the aqueous solution of solubility lithium salt solution of 2 ~ 20M, under 60 ~ 100 ℃ of water-baths, vacuum condition, stir or ultra-sonic dispersion makes metatitanic acid and lithium salt solution thorough mixing;
2) the reactant mixed solution places in the water heating kettle, 120 ~ 220 ℃ of hydro-thermal reactions 1 ~ 12 hour, takes out reaction product, filters, and makes object Li 4Ti 5O 12
2. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 1 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that the specific surface area of the lithium titanate that said method makes is 50 ~ 220 m 2/ g.
3. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 1 and 2 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that described metatitanic acid is selected from H 2TiO 3, H 4Ti 5O 12, H 2Ti 2O 5Perhaps its hydrate.
4. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 3 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that described metatitanic acid is mixed with acid solution by the alkali metal titanate with laminate structure, stirring reaction under room temperature makes after the filtration; Alkali metal titanate is K 2TiO 3, NaKTiO 3, Na 4Ti 5O 12Perhaps K 2Ti 2O 5In one or more.
5. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 1 and 2 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that the solid-to-liquid ratio of described metatitanic acid and lithium salt solution (w/v) is 1:5 ~ 1:20.
6. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 1 and 2 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that described solubility lithium salts is selected from one or more in lithium nitrate, Lithium Hydroxide MonoHydrate, Lithium Acetate or its hydrate.
7. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 1 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that described step 2) in, hydrothermal temperature is 120 ~ 180 ℃.
8. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 1 and 2 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that described step 2) in, after reaction product was filtered, the lithium salt solution that obtains used after adding a certain amount of lithium salts repeatedly.
9. bigger serface lithium titanate (Li according to claim 2 4Ti 5O 12) the preparation method, it is characterized in that the specific surface area of the lithium titanate that said method makes is 90 ~ 220 m 2/ g.
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103274454A (en) * 2013-05-19 2013-09-04 吉林大学 Hydrothermal synthesis method of micro-emulsion of nano lithium titanate
CN104282895A (en) * 2014-09-17 2015-01-14 山东精工电子科技有限公司 Negative electrode material applied to lithium ion battery and preparation method of negative electrode material
CN104370303A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-02-25 陕西科技大学 Preparing method of lithium titanate with good rate performance
CN107055595A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-08-18 黄正平 A kind of preparation method of lithium cell cathode material
CN109860580A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-07 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Positive electrode and preparation method thereof, positive plate and lithium-sulfur cell
CN111312997A (en) * 2019-03-13 2020-06-19 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 Composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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CN101948134A (en) * 2010-10-12 2011-01-19 中南大学 Method for preparing lithium titanate powder

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103274454A (en) * 2013-05-19 2013-09-04 吉林大学 Hydrothermal synthesis method of micro-emulsion of nano lithium titanate
CN104282895A (en) * 2014-09-17 2015-01-14 山东精工电子科技有限公司 Negative electrode material applied to lithium ion battery and preparation method of negative electrode material
CN104370303A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-02-25 陕西科技大学 Preparing method of lithium titanate with good rate performance
CN107055595A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-08-18 黄正平 A kind of preparation method of lithium cell cathode material
CN109860580A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-07 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Positive electrode and preparation method thereof, positive plate and lithium-sulfur cell
CN109860580B (en) * 2019-02-28 2021-04-20 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Positive electrode material, preparation method thereof, positive plate and lithium-sulfur battery
CN111312997A (en) * 2019-03-13 2020-06-19 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 Composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN111312997B (en) * 2019-03-13 2021-07-13 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 Composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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