CN102600928B - Inserted tooth hammer of crushing machine - Google Patents
Inserted tooth hammer of crushing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102600928B CN102600928B CN201210050048.4A CN201210050048A CN102600928B CN 102600928 B CN102600928 B CN 102600928B CN 201210050048 A CN201210050048 A CN 201210050048A CN 102600928 B CN102600928 B CN 102600928B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an inserted tooth hammer of a crushing machine and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the fields of high technology engineering materials and application thereof. The inserted tooth hammer of the crushing machine consists of ball teeth and a hammer base body and is formed by virtue of high temperature imbedding, wherein the ball teeth are novel high-hardness high-strength anti-abrasive composite metal ceramic comprising one or more of WC, TiN or TiC based composite metal ceramic; the hammer base body is middle-low carbon steel or alloy steel with high hardness and strength and good toughness; the inserted tooth hammer of the crushing machine structurally comprises multiple cylindrical ball teeth with spherical crowns, the multiple cylindrical ball teeth are imbedded at the front end of the hammer base body, a cylinder is buried in a steel body, the spherical crowns are exposed out of the steel body, and a distance is reserved between the ball teeth. The preparation method of the inserted tooth hammer of the crushing machine successively comprises the following steps of: pre-preparing composite metal ceramic ball teeth; smelting hammer base body alloy steel; imbedding the ball teeth; and demoulding. The inserted tooth hammer of the crushing machine has the characteristics of good abrasive resistance, long service life, raw material economization and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to inserted tup of a kind of disintegrating machine and preparation method thereof, belong to high-tech engineering material and application thereof.
Background technology
Hammer mill is the crushing mechanism of the industry extensive uses such as cement, pottery, mine, electric power.Because tup mainly contacts with ore, it not only bears the fretting wear of ore, but also can bear larger shock loading, and therefore it has become the most vulnerable part of disintegrating machine.According to relevant statistics, the direct economic loss caused because of grinder hammerhead every year reaches up to ten million unit, meanwhile, because of device damage, shutdown, stopping production and cause indirect economic loss larger.
In order to improve the wearability of grinder hammerhead, Chinese scholars has carried out large quantifier elimination: a method is the overall anti-wear performance improving crusher hammer head material, the steel that using degree, hardness and toughness are higher, as high boron cast iron, rich chromium cast iron, ultra-high manganese steel etc.But owing to being subject to the limitation of steel its own mechanical performance, tup increase rate in service life is limited.Another method is development composite hammer head, some strength hardness is had as hammer handle place uses, take into account middle low carbon steel or the steel alloy of toughness simultaneously, and the end of tup, the metal that then working strength, hardness, wearability are all higher or pottery, by diverse ways by two kinds and tup matrix (hammer base) compound, to meet the different requirement of tup different parts, as plated film, welding, castingin, covering and casting and composite casting etc.
Wherein, plated film is coated with one deck high-hard antiwear coating at hammer primary surface, and improve wearability and the service ability of tup, but due to tup rigorous service condition, film thickness is limited, use is restricted.Hard for height antifriction metal (AFM) or ceramic member, in the preparation of composite hammer head, are mainly welded on the high position of abrasion resistance requirement by welding, and to improving the service ability of tup, other positions are then general materials.The difficult point of this method is the welding of foreign material, needs to explore concrete welding procedure for concrete match materials.Current welding quality is difficult to stablize, and has and snap obscission when using middle, and application prospect is also pessimistic.
Insert process is spread out by wear-resistant mold insert reasonable in design, be prefabricated into the framework loose structure of definite shape, casting mold cavity is inserted after preheating, pour into another kind of molten metal (being called matrix) subsequently, wear-resistant mold insert is embedded in wherein securely, under high temperature action, realizes the good combination between wear-resistant mold insert and parent metal.In this embedding method, wear-resistant mold insert is equivalent to internal densener in casting.It is that outer layer material waters the fashionable superheat brought into obtain interface cohesion that insert process prepares double metallic composite material, its key parameter is the volume ratio (being called castingin ratio) between cladding material and core, only at rational castingin than under condition, just may obtain good interface cohesion.
Covering and casting method and castingin similar, be prefabricated component unlike tup shank, and end anti-friction material is liquid, realizes the coated connection of end to shank by cast anti-friction material.The whole tup that this method obtains is made up of hammer handle and end two parts, and both are by casting process in conjunction with as a whole, Gu belong to the category of liquid/compound, but its mold insert is completely not coated matrix.The application of the tup prepared by covered composite yarn casting is subject to the restriction of material heat treatment process matching, once the thermophysical property gap of bi-material is remarkable, just may occur crackle at shaping and heat treatment link compound interface or entirety.So the prospect of this method is also pessimistic.
Biliquid casting composite algorithm is also double-metal composite casting process.It belongs to the category of liquid/liquid compound, in roll/pipe fitting is produced, early have application.The success or failure key of this complex method is the interface fusion quality of two kinds of metals and the height of bond strength.On the whole, grinder hammerhead belongs to miniature parts, and part is less, and the technique controlling difficulty of biliquid compound is larger.So biliquid composite algorithm is also not easily made the most of the advantage in tup is produced.
Use the method for dispersion castingin can obtain good contact interface and play the effect of saving material, improving the life-span, representing Double-metal composite hammer important development direction.At identical castingin than under prerequisite, rational wear-resistant shape, size and quantitative design and layout thereof improve the key in grinder hammerhead life-span.
On the other hand, WC, TiN or TiC based ceramic metals etc. are as new engineering material, its high rigidity and high-wearing feature receive the extensive concern of researcher, are used widely in high-abrasive material fields such as machining tool, mould and geology drilling tool, wearing pieces.As namely button bit obtains extensive application in geological exploration engineering, if can effectively be compound on the hammer base of grinder hammerhead, the performance of grinder hammerhead also will can be increased substantially.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes inserted tup of a kind of disintegrating machine and preparation method thereof.The Novel hammer head of crusher that the present invention proposes, is made up of ball tooth and tup matrix (hammer base) two parts, and forms through high temperature castingin.Its ball tooth is the hard high-strength compound cermet of novel height, and hammer base is that hardness and intensity are high, the middle low carbon steel that has excellent toughness or steel alloy.Its ball tooth is the cylinder of band spherical crown, and be embedded in tup matrix front end, cylinder is embedded in steel body, and it is external that spherical crown is exposed at steel, and has the distance of 10 ~ 30mm between ball tooth and ball tooth.Its high hard high-strength compound cermet material ball tooth, toughness and wearability strong.First the ball tooth protruded due to tup working face contacts with material, improve the utilization ratio of wear-resistant body, the advantage of the hard high-strength high abrasion of ball tooth depth can be made full use of, and because adopt batch (-type) structure, composite cermet materials'use amount reduces, and is conducive to reducing ceramic-metallic use amount and reducing production cost.Another object of the present invention solves traditional Cast-in Bonding interface binding power to produce the problem of peeling off not, to improve the military service performance of disintegrating machine, reduces equipment failure and increase work efficiency.
In above-mentioned inserted tup, comprise 15 ~ 30 ball teeth, ball tooth is the cylinder of band spherical crown, and be embedded in tup matrix front end, cylinder is embedded in steel body, and it is external that spherical crown is exposed at steel, and has the distance of 10 ~ 30mm between ball tooth and ball tooth.This structure can strengthen the wearability of ball tooth, can also save the use of high-abrasive material, reduce costs.
In above-mentioned inserted tup, ball teeth material is the hard high-strength compound cermet of novel height, comprises one or more in WC, TiN or TiC based composite metal pottery.
In above-mentioned inserted tup, tup matrix material is that hardness and intensity are high, the middle low carbon steel that has excellent toughness or steel alloy, its main component is iron, and containing a small amount of Mn, Mo, W, C, Zr, Si, Ni, Cu, Ti, Re, Nb alloying element, P and the S element of minute quantity, and appropriate TaC, VC, Cr
3c
2, NdC, TiC grain inhibitor.
The preparation method of the inserted tup of disintegrating machine that the present invention proposes, is characterized in that, prefabricated → tup matrix alloy steel melting → ball tooth castingin → releasing process step that described preparation method comprises composite cermet ball tooth successively.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the prefabricated base starting material used of composite cermet ball tooth is powder and micron or sub-micro ground rice, comprise in WC, TiN or TiC based composite metal pottery one or more, powder size D50 is 0.5 ~ 2 μm, and mass fraction is 40 ~ 80%; Wherein, metal adhesive used in metal-ceramic ag is the metal dust of stability at elevated temperature excellence, comprises one or more in Mo, Ni, Co or rare earth metal, and mass fraction is 5 ~ 20%; Additional adhesive used is one or more in paraffin, stearic acid, camphor, resin, and mass fraction is 0.5 ~ 1%, and solvent is one or more in acetone, carbon tetrachloride, ethanol; Grain inhibitor used is TaC, VC, Cr
3c
2, in NdC, TiC one or more, mass fraction is 0.1 ~ 5.0%; Toughening agent is nano structural material, comprise in CNT/line, SiC nanowire/rod, TiC nano wire/rod and its plated surface metal M o, the Ni of one deck stability at elevated temperature excellence or the nano structural material of rare earth metal thin film one or more, mass fraction is 0.5 ~ 15%.The preparation method of ball tooth comprises successively " weighing → batch mixing → high-energy ball milling → oven dry → grinding sieve → suppress/→ sintering → grinding and polishing of feeding " processing step, sintering method is hot pressing, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), discharge plasma or Frequency Induction Heating sintering, sintering temperature 900 ~ 1450 DEG C, sintered body shape is cylinder, ball tooth net shape is the cylinder of band spherical crown, as shown in Figure 1.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the steel alloy in tup matrix alloy steel smelting technology step is middle low carbon steel or steel alloy, and its main component is iron, and mass fraction is 90 ~ 95%; Also containing one or more elements in Mn, Mo, W, C, Zr, Si, Ni, Cu, Ti, Re, Nb in steel alloy, mass fraction is 0.05 ~ 5%, and is less than P and the S element of 0.02%; And be mixed with TaC, VC, Cr wherein
3c
2, in NdC, TiC one or more carbide as grain inhibitor, mass fraction is 0.1 ~ 5.0%, in order to improve crystalline structure, crystal grain thinning, the purification crystal boundary of steel alloy, improve the toughness of steel alloy, and identical with ball tooth of the composition of grain inhibitor and content, to make matrix and ball tooth be more prone to fusion in castingin process, strengthen the adhesion of ball tooth and hammer base.Steel alloy melting is carried out in Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace, smelting temperature 1400 ~ 1600 DEG C.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in the inserted tup imbedding process of disintegrating machine and demoulding step, the castingin of ball tooth carries out in polystyrene or sand mo(u)ld tool.First the ball tooth processed is carried out the pre-heat treatment, temperature 200 ~ 650 DEG C; Then be fixed on the bottom of mould, the distance between ball tooth and ball tooth is 10 ~ 30mm; Then be that the steel alloy pouring molten steel of 1400 ~ 1600 DEG C is in mould melted temperature; Finally at 1000 ~ 1150 DEG C, water-tenacity treatment is carried out to tup.The inserted tup of final disintegrating machine as shown in Figure 2.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) material making ball tooth is novel WC, TiN or TiC based composite metal pottery, has the feature of high rigidity, high strength and high-wearing feature, thus substantially increases the wearability of ball tooth.
(2) certain spacing is had between ball tooth and ball tooth, contribute to entering of molten steel, thus make each ball tooth contain by matrix, greatly increase the contact area that matrix hammered into shape by ball tooth and ball, enhance the adhesion between high-abrasive material ball tooth and matrix, reduce the probability that ball tooth comes off, make ball tooth can better meet the requirement of broken different material.
(3) ball tooth spherical crown protrudes hammer base, and what first contact with material is ball tooth, effectively utilizes the feature of the high hard high-strength high abrasion of composite cermet, substantially increases the efficiency of disintegrating machine and the service life of tup.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is (a) 3D shape schematic diagram of the crusher hammer head shoot tooth prepared by the embodiment of the present invention, (b) two-dimentional front view, and (c) is two-dimentional top view and (d) pictorial diagram;
Fig. 2 is the 3D shape schematic diagram of the inserted tup of disintegrating machine prepared by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the two-dimentional front view of the inserted tup of disintegrating machine prepared by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the two-dimentional top view of the inserted tup of disintegrating machine prepared by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention proposes a kind of Novel hammer head of crusher and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, inserted tup is made up of ball tooth and tup matrix two parts, and forms through high temperature castingin.The material of described ball tooth is composite cermet, comprises one or more in WC, TiN or TiC based composite metal pottery; The material of described hammer base is that hardness and intensity are high, the middle low carbon steel that has excellent toughness or steel alloy; Comprise 15 ~ 30 ball teeth in the structure of described ball tooth, ball tooth is the cylinder of band spherical crown, and be embedded in tup matrix front end, cylinder is embedded in steel body, and it is external that spherical crown is exposed at steel, and has the distance of 10 ~ 30mm between ball tooth and ball tooth.Described preparation method, comprises following processing step and content:
(1) ball tooth is prefabricated:
1) weigh: take matrix powder, metal adhesive, grain inhibitor, flexibilizer and additional adhesive according to formula rate;
2) batch mixing: the matrix powder taken in proportion, metal adhesive powder, grain inhibitor powder are put into high-energy stirring ball mill tank, and add additional adhesive, composite cermet abrading-ball and solvent in proportion, stirring ball-milling 12 ~ 72 hours.Then flexibilizer is added in proportion, then ball milling 20 ~ 40 minutes;
3) dry: in vacuum drying chamber, by the slurry of levigate mixing at 10 ~ 100 DEG C, under vacuum 0 ~-0.5Pa dry 3 ~ 48 hours;
4) grinding is sieved: ground by the powder of oven dry, and select the sieve in suitable aperture to sieve;
5) feed: load weighted raw material is put into mould dry-pressing formed or tighten;
6) sinter: in hot-pressed sintering furnace, HIP sintering stove, discharge plasma sintering furnace or Frequency Induction Heating sintering furnace, carry out sinter molding according to the sintering schedule preset; Sintering temperature 900 ~ 1450 DEG C;
7) grinding and polishing: tubular for gained ball tooth is carried out grind and polishing machine processing, make the cylinder of band spherical crown.
(2) steel alloy melting:
1) weigh: take raw metal and grain inhibitor according to formula rate;
2) melting: carry out in Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace, smelting temperature 1400 ~ 1600 DEG C.
(3) ball tooth castingin:
1) ball tooth preheating: first the ball tooth processed is carried out the pre-heat treatment, temperature 200 ~ 650 DEG C;
2) ball tooth is fixed: in polystyrene or sand mo(u)ld tool, ball tooth is fixed on the bottom of ball tooth mould, and the distance between ball tooth and ball tooth is 10 ~ 30mm;
3) pour into a mould: be that the steel alloy pouring molten steel of 1400 ~ 1600 DEG C is in mould by melted temperature.
(4) demoulding:
1) demoulding: by the hard alloy composite ball tooth at room temperature demoulding good for castingin;
2) water is tough: at 1000 ~ 1150 DEG C, carry out water-tenacity treatment to tup.
Embodiment 1
Manufacture method and the technological process of the Novel hammer head of crusher of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
The preparation of step one, ball tooth:
1) weigh; By the sub-micron WC powder of mass fraction 79%, the Mo powder of 10%, the SiC nano whisker of the VC of 1%, the plating Mo of 5%, and the auxiliary bonding agent of 5% takes each reagent.
2) batch mixing: the raw material WC powder taken, metal adhesive powder, grain inhibitor powder and auxiliary bonding agent are added in high-energy stirring ball mill tank, and add the WC abrading-ball of 10 times of quality and the anhydrous ethanol solvent of 5 times of quality, stirring ball-milling 48 hours.Then taken flexibilizer ball milling 20 minutes is again added.
3) dry: in vacuum drying chamber, by the slurry of levigate mixing at 40 DEG C, under vacuum-0.33Pa dry 30 hours.
4) grinding is sieved: ground by the powder agate mortar of oven dry, and selects aperture to be that the sieve of 1mm sieves.
5) feed: the ceramic composite powders prepared is put into graphite jig, blend rubber hammer is pounded tight.
6) sinter: in hot-pressed sintering furnace, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, sintering temperature 1440 DEG C, temperature retention time 4 hours, heat preservation pressure 100MPa; Cooldown rate 800 DEG C is identical with heating rate in the past, cools after 800 DEG C with stove.
7) grinding and polishing: tubular for gained ball tooth is carried out grind and polishing machine processing, make the cylinder of band spherical crown.
The preparation of step 2, inserted tup:
1) ball tooth preheating: get 20, the ball tooth prepared, and be heated to 500 DEG C;
2) ball tooth is fixed: the ball tooth after preheating is fixed on ball tooth sand mo(u)ld mold bottom, is apart 10mm between each;
3) weigh: mass fraction be 87.47% carbon containing 1.2%, phosphorus 0.01% and sulphur 0.02% steel in, add the silicon of 0.25%, the manganese of 3%, the molybdenum of 7% and 0.05% rhenium, and the VC of mass fraction 1% does grain inhibitor; Take each raw material in proportion;
4) melting and cast: steel alloy raw material is melted in Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace, smelting temperature 1600 DEG C, and start cast at 1500 DEG C;
5) demoulding: by the hard alloy composite ball tooth at room temperature demoulding good for castingin;
6) water is tough: at 1050 DEG C, carry out water-tenacity treatment to tup.
Claims (1)
1. the inserted tup of disintegrating machine, is made up of ball tooth and tup matrix two parts, and forms through high temperature castingin, it is characterized in that, the material of described ball tooth is compound WC cermet; Described tup matrix material is the steel alloy that hardness and intensity are high, have excellent toughness; Described ball tooth is the cylinder of band spherical crown, and be embedded in tup matrix front end, cylinder is embedded in steel body, and it is external that spherical crown is exposed at steel, and has the distance of 10mm between ball tooth and ball tooth; Prefabricated → tup matrix alloy steel melting → ball tooth castingin → releasing process step that the preparation method of the inserted tup of described disintegrating machine comprises compound WC cermet ball tooth successively; Wherein, in compound WC cermet ball tooth precasting process step, first raw material is taken: base starting material is sub-micron WC powder, powder size D
50be 0.5 ~ 2 μm, mass fraction is 79%; Metal adhesive is Mo, and mass fraction is 10%; Additional adhesive is one or more in paraffin, stearic acid, camphor, resin, and mass fraction is 5%; Solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol; Grain inhibitor is VC, and mass fraction is 1%; Flexibilizer is the SiC nano whisker of plating Mo, and mass fraction is 5%; Then batch mixing is carried out: add in high-energy stirring ball mill tank by the raw material WC powder taken, metal adhesive Mo powder, grain inhibitor VC powder and auxiliary bonding agent, and add the WC abrading-ball of 10 times of quality and the anhydrous ethanol solvent of 5 times of quality, stirring ball-milling 48 hours, then adds taken flexibilizer ball milling 20 minutes again; Then mixed slurry is carried out drying: in vacuum drying chamber, by the slurry of levigate mixing at 40 DEG C, under vacuum-0.33Pa dry 30 hours; Then dried mixed powder is carried out grinding to sieve: the powder agate mortar of oven dry is ground, and select aperture to be that the sieve of 1mm sieves; Feeded by batch mixing powder: the ceramic composite powders prepared is put into graphite jig, blend rubber hammer is pounded tight again; Sinter again: in hot-pressed sintering furnace, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, sintering temperature 1440 DEG C, temperature retention time 4 hours, heat preservation pressure 100MPa; Cooldown rate 800 DEG C is identical with heating rate in the past, cools after 800 DEG C with stove; Finally sintered body is carried out grinding and polishing: carried out by tubular for gained ball tooth grinding and polishing machine processing, make the cylinder of band spherical crown; In tup matrix alloy steel smelting technology step, the main component of described steel alloy to be mass fraction the be carbon containing 1.2% of 87.47%, the steel of phosphorus 0.01% and sulphur 0.02%, and add 0.25% silicon, the manganese of 3%, the molybdenum of 7% and 0.05% rhenium, and the VC of mass fraction 1% does grain inhibitor; Steel alloy raw material melts in Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace, smelting temperature 1600 DEG C; In ball tooth imbedding process step, first carry out the preheating of ball tooth: get 20, the ball tooth prepared, and be heated to 500 DEG C; Then being fixed ball tooth: the ball tooth after preheating is fixed on ball tooth sand mo(u)ld mold bottom, is apart 10mm between each; Pour into a mould again: be that the steel alloy pouring molten steel of 1500 DEG C is in mould melted temperature; In releasing process step, first by the hard alloy composite ball tooth at room temperature demoulding good for castingin, finally at 1050 DEG C, water-tenacity treatment is carried out to tup.
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| JP2003299975A (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-10-21 | Yoji Kikata | Crusher |
| CN201959832U (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-09-07 | 卢洪波 | Composite wear-resistant hammer head with substrate made of high-manganese/ultrahigh-manganese-series steel |
| CN102182223A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-09-14 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Composite dipper tooth of excavator and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102600928A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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