CN102597463B - 用于调整机构的调整装置 - Google Patents

用于调整机构的调整装置 Download PDF

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CN102597463B
CN102597463B CN201080048625.5A CN201080048625A CN102597463B CN 102597463 B CN102597463 B CN 102597463B CN 201080048625 A CN201080048625 A CN 201080048625A CN 102597463 B CN102597463 B CN 102597463B
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gear
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M·诺
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/04—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/06—Exhaust brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183—Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • F02B37/186—Arrangements of actuators or linkage for bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
    • F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
    • F02D11/10—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
    • F02D9/1065—Mechanical control linkage between an actuator and the flap, e.g. including levers, gears, springs, clutches, limit stops of the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving more than two intermeshing members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/041—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves
    • F16K31/043—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F16K31/045—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means with torque limiters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18184—Crank, pitman, and lever
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19642—Directly cooperating gears
    • Y10T74/19647—Parallel axes or shafts
    • Y10T74/19651—External type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于设置在内燃机的气体输送通道中的调整机构、尤其是用于设置在废气涡轮增压器中的旁通阀的调整装置，该调整装置包括一个电的伺服马达(32)、一个与该调整机构(24)耦合的调整轴(34)和一个设置在伺服马达(32)和调整轴(34)之间的多级传动装置(33)。为了在数量少的传动级的情况下实现大的变速比范围，在传动级中的至少一个传动级(35)中两个传动轮(37，38)通过渐开线齿部(371，381)配合作用。

Description

用于调整机构的调整装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1前序部分所述的用于设置在内燃机的气体输送通道中的调整机构、尤其是用于设置在废气涡轮增压器中的旁通阀的调整装置。
背景技术
用于内燃机的废气涡轮增压器中的旁通阀的已知调整装置(DE102004056897A1)具有一个设置在电的伺服马达和调整轴之间的多级传动装置，该传动装置具有传动装置输入级、非线性的传动装置输出级和设置在传动装置输入级与输出级之间的传动装置中间级。为了实现大的变速比范围，传动装置中间级由一个驱动轮和一个与该驱动轮啮合的输出轮组成，该大的变速比范围能够使小的电动机以可接受的调整时间调整旁通阀，其中，驱动轮与传动装置输入级的输出轮不可相对转动地设置在第一传动轴上并且输出轮与非线性的传动装置输出级的驱动段不可相对转动地设置在第二传动轴上。平行于第一传动轴定向的第二传动轴是在调整轴上滑动支承的空心轴。
发明内容
按本发明的具有权利要求1的特征的调整装置具有优点：通过在具有大变速比范围的多级传动装置的传动级中的至少一个传动级中使用渐开线齿部(Evoloidverzahnung)能够在维持所希望的最大变速比的情况下减少所需的传动级的数量。通过减少传动级的数量并且通过相互啮合的具有渐开线齿部的传动轮的小轴向距离获得紧凑的传动装置结构形式。通过渐开线齿部能够实现大的变速比，其中，带渐开线齿的传动轮具有大的齿根强度并且有助于传动装置的坚固性。
通过在其它权利要求中列出的措施能够实现在权利要求1中给出的调整装置的有利扩展和改进。
按照本发明的一种有利的实施方式，一个另外的传动级被构造为非线性的传动级，该非线性的传动级优选设置在具有渐开线齿部的传动级和调整轴之间。通过这样的非线性的传动级与具有渐开线齿部的传动级结合能够以仅两个传动级达到非常高的变速比，例如i＝90，使得在调整装置中能够使用功率弱并且由此结构小的电伺服马达。通过传动装置的紧凑的结构形式和结构小的伺服马达总体上实现了一个调整装置，该调整装置仅需要小的安装空间。按照本发明的调整装置由此特别适合调整内燃机的废气涡轮增压器中的旁通阀，因为在内燃机的输出链中通常很少有可用的安装空间。调整装置的紧凑结构形式能够实现调整装置在涡轮增压器附近的设置，使得仅需要短的杠杆传动装置将调整轴的摆动运动传递到涡轮增压器的涡轮机壳体中的旁通阀上。
附图说明
本发明根据在附图中示出的实施例在下面的说明书中详细地阐述。其示出：
图1示出用于内燃机的废气涡轮增压器的具有电伺服马达和机械传动装置的调整装置的纵剖面；
图2部分地示出图2中的传动装置的具有渐开线齿部的传动级的立体视图；
图3以纵剖面部分地示出废气涡轮增压器的示意图。
具体实施方式
在图1中以纵剖视图示出的用于调整机构的调整装置优选用于废气涡轮增压器10，如其示意化地且部分地在图3中示出那样，该调整机构设置在内燃机的输送气态介质的通道、简称气体输送通道中。变换地，调整装置也可以用于调整内燃机的吸气歧管中的节流阀或者用作废气再循环阀中的致动器。
废气涡轮增压器是已知的并且例如在博世的“KraftfahrttechnischesTaschenbuch”ISBN-3-528-23876-3第532页之后描述。废气涡轮增压器10包括两个流体机，即一个涡轮机11和一个压缩机12，它们设置在一个共同的轴13上。涡轮机11具有一个设置在涡轮机壳体14中的涡轮15并且压缩机12具有一个设置在压缩机壳体16中的压缩机轮17。涡轮16被流入的废气18驱动，并且由涡轮15驱动的压缩机轮17吸入大气的新鲜空气19并且将预压缩的新鲜空气20吹入内燃机的燃烧室中。离开涡轮15的流出的废气21从涡轮机壳体14排出。
为了在内燃机中由于大的转速范围能够实现有意义的转矩设计，设置一个增压调节装置，以便维持最大许可的增压。在此，所希望的增压通过涡轮机11的废气侧的功率调节实现。为此在涡轮机壳体14中设置旁路22，流入的废气18的一部分通过该旁路从涡轮机轮15旁边导过并且直接随着流出的废气21导出。旁路22通过旁通阀24的形式的调整机构控制。该调整机构23或者说旁通阀24通过杠杆机构25被按照图1的调整装置操作，在图3中能看到杠杆机构中的次级杠杆253和部分地看到连接杠杆252。
在图1中以纵剖视图示出的调整装置具有一个两部分式的调整器壳体31，其包括一个罐形的基体311和一个覆盖基体311的盖312。在盖312上一体地成形上一个竖井结构312a，电伺服马达安装在该竖井结构中，该电伺服马达具有一个伸入到基体311中的输出轴36。在基体311中设有一个两级的传动装置33，伺服马达30通过该传动装置驱动调整轴34。从基体311伸出的调整轴34与杠杆机构25的初级杠杆251耦合。
在两个传动级中，输入传动级35具有两个通过渐开线齿部配合作用的传动轮，其中一个传动轮是不可相对转动地配合在伺服马达32的输出轴36上的具有渐开线齿371的小齿轮37并且另一个传动轮是可转动地支承在轴39上的具有相对于齿轮轴线倾斜的渐开线齿381的圆柱齿轮38。在图2中立体地示出小齿轮37和圆柱齿轮38。小齿轮37最多具有三个渐开线齿371，这些渐开线齿这样地倾斜，使得始终分别有至少一个渐开线齿371配合到圆柱齿轮38上的渐开线齿部中。设置在输入传动级35和调整轴34之间的输出传动级40被构造为非线性的传动级以实现更宽的变速比范围，该非线性的传动级在它这边对调整轴34加载。非线性的传动装置输出级40可以例如这样地实施，如其在DE102004056897A1中示出和描述的那样。它包括一个被传动装置输出级35的圆柱齿轮驱动的驱动段41和一个与调整轴34耦合的输出段42，它们以其外齿部在固定曲线上滚动，滚动曲线的滚动曲线半径在段41、42的旋转范围上连续地变化。
通过这两个传动级35、40以非常大的变速比将伺服马达32的输出轴36的旋转传递到调整轴34上，该调整轴使杠杆机构25的初级杠杆251在例如约140°的摆动范围中摆动，其中，在最大摆动之后涡轮机壳体14中的旁路22被关闭。通过这两个传动级35、40能够实现非常大的变速比，例如i＝90，使得为了使调整轴34摆动仅需要功率弱的、结构小的电伺服马达32，该伺服马达通过传动装置变速比产生足够高的转矩，以使旁通阀24以密封配合抵抗流入的废气18的压力压到止挡26上，旁通阀24在旁路22关闭时靠触在该止挡上。

Claims (4)

1.用于设置在废气涡轮增压器(10)中的旁通阀(24)的调整装置，该调整装置包括一个电伺服马达(32)、一个与一调整机构(23)耦合的调整轴(34)和一个设置在伺服马达(32)和调整轴(34)之间的多级传动装置(33)，其特征在于，所述多级传动装置具有两个传动级并且在传动级中的至少一个传动级(35)中两个传动轮通过渐开线齿部配合作用，其中，一个传动轮是不可相对转动地配合在所述伺服马达(32)的输出轴(36)上的具有渐开线齿(371)的小齿轮(37)并且另一个传动轮是可转动地支承的具有相对于齿轮轴线倾斜的渐开线齿(381)的圆柱齿轮(38)，具有渐开线齿部的所述传动级形成一个被所述伺服马达(32)的调整轴(34)驱动的输入传动级(35)，所述传动装置(33)具有一个另外的非线性的传动级并且所述非线性的传动级形成一个驱动所述调整轴(34)的输出传动级(40)。
2.根据权利要求1的调整装置，其特征在于，所述小齿轮(37)的渐开线齿(371)的数量最多为三。
3.根据权利要求1或2的调整装置，其特征在于，所述调整机构(23)与所述调整轴(34)的耦合借助一个杠杆机构(25)进行。
4.根据权利要求1或2的调整装置，其特征在于，设有一个具有基体(311)和封闭该基体的盖(312)的两部分式的调整器壳体(31)，所述传动装置(33)被接收在所述基体(311)中并且所述伺服马达(32)被接收在成形于所述盖(312)上的竖井结构(312a)中，所述基体带有从所述基体突出的调整轴(34)，所述竖井结构带有从所述竖井结构突出的输出轴(36)。
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DE102015204328A1 (de) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Aktuator für eine Kraftfahrzeugbremse
DE102015215732A1 (de) 2015-08-18 2017-02-23 Mahle International Gmbh Steller zum Verstellen eines Stellorgans
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JP5631405B2 (ja) 2014-11-26
JP2013509524A (ja) 2013-03-14
US9309813B2 (en) 2016-04-12
DE102009046209A1 (de) 2011-05-05
WO2011051047A1 (de) 2011-05-05
CN102597463A (zh) 2012-07-18
US20120222504A1 (en) 2012-09-06

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