CN102590552B - Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590552B CN102590552B CN201210016760.2A CN201210016760A CN102590552B CN 102590552 B CN102590552 B CN 102590552B CN 201210016760 A CN201210016760 A CN 201210016760A CN 102590552 B CN102590552 B CN 102590552B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current and relates to a measuring device of water flow rate. The measuring device is provided with an open container, in which an insoluble stuffing is filled; the external side of the container is provided with a suspension part for suspending the container. The measuring method comprises the following steps of: filling the insoluble stuffing in the container, measuring and recording mass m1 of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, then suspending the container with downward opening and fixing in water to be measured; after the suspension period is finished, taking back the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, removing impurities and epizoic organisms on the internal surface and the external surface of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, cleaning and drying in the air, and measuring rest mass m2 of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current; measuring the mass difference between m1 and m2; dividing the measured mass differences of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current in two different water bodies, and obtaining a relative flow rate value of two different water bodies. The method and the device disclosed by the invention are applicable to comparison of the long-term average flow rate of the same water basin at different positions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism of flow rate of water flow, especially relate to a kind of method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current and device thereof that is applicable to the long-term mean flow rate of more same basin diverse location.
Background technology
Flow velocity is the important physical parameter of current, and its Measurement accuracy has very important effect for industrial and agricultural production, national security etc.At present, be mainly instantaneous and short-term for the measurement of rivers,lakes and seas flow velocity, sum up following three kinds of flow-speed measurement methods according to measuring principle.The first is conventional hydrometry, is adapted at applying in water quality is clear, flow velocity is more steady test.The second is remote control hydrometry, is applicable to measuring point far away apart from bank, is difficult to the test of testing with line mode.The third is ultrasonic flow measurement method, can carry out multidimensional fluid-velocity survey (Tang Guilan, Huang Xin, in magnifying. three kinds of flow-speed measurement methods summary. forestry development, 1997,4:11-13).In fact, at present general measuring method and surveying instrument all, for the abiotic research service such as hydrologic monitoring, Underwater Engineering, ship dynamics, are difficult to meet the needs to hydrology flow parameters in life habit research.For example, study under natural conditions, different in flow rate is for the impact of the adhering to of biology, abnormal, growth, what we more needed is the mean flow rate (relating to extra large situation) in a tidal cycle, and common velocimeter can only be measured instantaneous flow velocity, if obtain the mean flow rate of month, need long continuous coverage.In addition, these instruments are relatively expensive, the suitable fluid-velocity survey that carries out the short time under staff's nurse.Provide the energy because these instruments mostly need battery, in therefore operating out of doors, electric wire easily occurs aging, affects the normal use of instrument, and waterproof sealing is often also the difficulty that this quasi-instrument must overcome.
In for halobiontic research, what researcher needed is the relative value between long-term current mean flow rate and different experiments point.
Slightly solubility material is again insoluble substance.Dissolving is absolute, do not dissolve can be described as relative.It is reversible dissolving with crystallization, and therefore slightly solubility material is not can not dissolve.Temperature, time and flow rate of water flow all can make slightly solubility material produce certain dissolving.Under the certain condition of other parameters, the flow velocity of current just can affect the balance of dissolving and the crystallization of indissoluble material significantly.Flow velocity is faster, dissolves with the balance of crystallization and just moves to the process of dissolving, and just can indirectly obtain long-term mean flow velocity value by calculating meltage.
In addition, now also have some not need additional electrical energy just can measure the invention of relative velocity, the principle of their main bases has two kinds of Mechanical Method and cooling methods substantially, there is not yet the method for utilizing the principles of chemistry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current and device thereof that is applicable to the long-term mean flow rate of more same basin diverse location.
Described long-term average flow rate of water current determinator is provided with uncovered container, fills slightly solubility filling material in container, is provided with the suspender for Suspended containers at outside of containers.
Described container can adopt column shape container, and the opening of container preferably equates with base diameter, and the inside surface of container is uneven surface, and for effectively adhering to slightly solubility filling material, the internal diameter of described container can be 4～20mm.Described slightly solubility filling material can adopt the one in calcium sulphate, calcium carbonate etc.
Described suspender can adopt the suspenders such as cylindrical member, hook, ring.
Described method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, adopts long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, and described assay method comprises the following steps:
1) in container, fill slightly solubility filling material, measure and record the quality of long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, be designated as m1, then vessel port is hung downwards and is fixed in the water body that will measure;
2) hang after end cycle, fetch long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, remove the impurity of long-term average flow rate of water current determinator surfaces externally and internally and the biology of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, after cleaning, dry, the residual mass of measuring long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, is designated as m2;
3) measure the of poor quality of m1 and m2, be designated as m;
4) the of poor quality of long-term average flow rate of water current determinator of measuring in 2 different water bodys is divided by, just obtains the flow velocity relative value of 2 different water bodys.
In step 1) in, described slightly solubility filling material, the slightly solubility filling material that different vessels is filled is close, preferably identical, and the quality of the slightly solubility filling material of filling is close, preferably identical; Fill slightly solubility filling material in container time, the preferably surface level of slightly solubility filling material, smooth, inner without bubble.
By the manufacture craft standardization of the internal diameter of container and slightly solubility filling material, can obtain the absolute value of flow velocity.
Principle of work of the present invention is that filling slightly solubility filling material is filled in open-top receptacle, container is placed in mobile water, because the dissolution velocity of filling slightly solubility filling material is directly proportional to flow velocity, therefore can characterize by the relative quantity that the quality of filling slightly solubility filling material reduces the flow velocity of current.
Compared with existing similar measurement mechanism, the present invention has following outstanding advantages:
1) adopt chemical method indirect determination flow velocity, avoided the use of electronic component, performance is more stable;
2) provide the energy without additional battery, suitable use under water for a long time;
3) single unit system is open design, there is no the requirement of waterproof and sealing;
4) can obtain easily long-term mean flow rate numerical value;
5) simple in structure, stable performance, makes simply, with low cost, is convenient to promote.
6) specific demand for flow velocity for biologist, has proposed method and the device of the long-term mean flow rate of a kind of easy measurement, utilizes this device can measure out of doors easily the relative value of flow velocity between different water bodys.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure composition schematic diagram of long-term average flow rate of water current determinator embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, long-term average flow rate of water current determinator embodiment of the present invention is provided with uncovered column shape container 1, at the interior filling slightly solubility of column shape container 1 filling material 2, is provided with the suspender 3 for Suspended containers in column shape container 1 outside.
The opening of container equates with base diameter, and the inside surface of container is uneven surface, and for effectively adhering to slightly solubility filling material 2, the internal diameter of described container can be 4～20mm.Described slightly solubility filling material can adopt the one in calcium sulphate, calcium carbonate etc.
Described suspender adopts cylindrical member.
Following examples adopt long-term average flow rate of water current determinator as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 1
For the sea area at 0.2～2m/s at mean flow rate, can measure the mean flow rate of 30 days.Use glass column shape container, its internal diameter is 10mm, inside surface frosted, and the interior degree of depth is 100mm, the inner completely calcium sulphate of filling.Before hanging on sea area, first container is carried out to weighing measurement, recording actual quality is m1.Then hung over and measure sea area according to the method in step, the suspension cycle is measured sea area 30 days for hanging on.One is hung after end cycle, fetches container, removes the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, and the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container, dries, and then weighs, and is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 30 days suspension cycles, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
Embodiment 2
For the sea area that is 0.1～1m/s at mean flow rate, can measure the mean flow rate of a year and a day.Adopt stainless steel column shape container, its internal diameter is 5mm, and the interior degree of depth is 300mm, the inner completely calcium sulphate of filling.Before hanging on sea area, first container is carried out to weighing measurement, recording actual quality is m1.Then hung over and measure sea area according to the method in step, the suspension cycle is measured sea area 1 year for hanging on.One is hung after end cycle, fetches container, removes the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, and the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container, dries, and then weighs, and is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 1 year suspension cycle, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
Embodiment 3
For the sea area that is 0.1～0.5m/s at mean flow rate, can measure the mean flow rate of 10 days.Adopt PVC column shape container, its internal diameter is 20mm, and the interior degree of depth is 200mm, the inner completely calcium carbonate of filling.Before hanging on sea area, first container is carried out to weighing measurement, recording actual quality is m1.Then hung over and measure sea area according to the method in step, the suspension cycle is measured sea area 10 days for hanging on.One is hung after end cycle, fetches container, removes the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, and the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container, dries, and then weighs, and is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 10 days suspension cycles, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
Embodiment 4
The sea area that is 0.5～5m/s for mean flow rate, can measure the mean flow rate of 50 days.Adopt tygon column shape container, its internal diameter is 4mm, rough inner surface, and the interior degree of depth is 150mm, the inner completely calcium sulphate of filling.Before hanging on sea area, first container is carried out to weighing measurement, recording actual quality is m1.Then hung over and measure sea area according to the method in step, the suspension cycle is measured sea area 50 days for hanging on.One is hung after end cycle, fetches container, removes the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, and the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container, dries, and then weighs, and is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 50 days suspension cycles, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
Claims (5)
1. method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, it is characterized in that adopting long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, described long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, is provided with uncovered container, in container, fill slightly solubility filling material, be provided with the suspender for Suspended containers at outside of containers; The opening of described container equates with base diameter; The internal diameter of described container is 4～20mm; Described slightly solubility filling material is selected from the one in calcium sulphate, calcium carbonate;
The inside surface of described container is uneven surface, for effectively adhering to slightly solubility filling material;
Described assay method comprises the following steps:
1) in container, fill slightly solubility filling material, measure and record the quality of long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, be designated as m1, then vessel port is hung downwards and is fixed in the water body that will measure;
2) hang after end cycle, fetch long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, remove the impurity of long-term average flow rate of water current determinator surfaces externally and internally and the biology of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, after cleaning, dry, the residual mass of measuring long-term average flow rate of water current determinator, is designated as m2;
3) measure the of poor quality of m1 and m2, be designated as m;
4) the of poor quality of long-term average flow rate of water current determinator of measuring in 2 different water bodys is divided by, just obtains the flow velocity relative value of 2 different water bodys.
2. method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described container adopts column shape container.
3. method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described suspender adopts cylindrical member, hook, ring suspender.
4. method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), described slightly solubility filling material, and the slightly solubility filling material that different vessels is filled is identical, the slightly solubility filling material of filling identical in quality.
5. method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), fill slightly solubility filling material in container time, and the surface level of slightly solubility filling material, smooth, inner without bubble.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210016760.2A CN102590552B (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current |
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| CN201210016760.2A CN102590552B (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current |
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| CN102590552B true CN102590552B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101408443A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-15 | 四川大学 | Method and device for measuring high polymer molten volume flow |
| CN101576567A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-11-11 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Flow velocity measurement method for high temperature melt |
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2012
- 2012-01-18 CN CN201210016760.2A patent/CN102590552B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101408443A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-15 | 四川大学 | Method and device for measuring high polymer molten volume flow |
| CN101576567A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-11-11 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Flow velocity measurement method for high temperature melt |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 蔡祺风等.铁棒法测定铝液流速的标定实验与工业槽实测.《轻金属》.1993,(第9期),第1页第2段. |
| 铁棒法测定铝液流速的标定实验与工业槽实测;蔡祺风等;《轻金属》;19931231(第9期);第1页第2段 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20180920 Address after: 570125 Room 102, ten floor, Hainan Normal University experimental center building, No. 99, South Kunming Road, Qiongshan District, Haikou, Hainan. Patentee after: Haikou Bai Sichuan Marine Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Xiamen City, Fujian Province, 361005 South Siming Road No. 422 Patentee before: Xiamen University |
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Granted publication date: 20140723 |