CN102590552A - Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590552A CN102590552A CN2012100167602A CN201210016760A CN102590552A CN 102590552 A CN102590552 A CN 102590552A CN 2012100167602 A CN2012100167602 A CN 2012100167602A CN 201210016760 A CN201210016760 A CN 201210016760A CN 102590552 A CN102590552 A CN 102590552A
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current and relates to a measuring device of water flow rate. The measuring device is provided with an open container, in which an insoluble stuffing is filled; the external side of the container is provided with a suspension part for suspending the container. The measuring method comprises the following steps of: filling the insoluble stuffing in the container, measuring and recording mass m1 of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, then suspending the container with downward opening and fixing in water to be measured; after the suspension period is finished, taking back the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, removing impurities and epizoic organisms on the internal surface and the external surface of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current, cleaning and drying in the air, and measuring rest mass m2 of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current; measuring the mass difference between m1 and m2; dividing the measured mass differences of the device for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current in two different water bodies, and obtaining a relative flow rate value of two different water bodies. The method and the device disclosed by the invention are applicable to comparison of the long-term average flow rate of the same water basin at different positions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism of flow rate of water flow, especially relate to a kind of long-term mean flow rate assay method of current and device thereof that is applicable to the long-term mean flow rate of more same basin diverse location.
Background technology
Flow velocity is the important physical parameter of current, and its accurate measurement all has very important effect for industrial and agricultural production, national security etc.At present, mainly be instantaneous and short-term for the measurement of rivers,lakes and seas flow velocity, summarizing according to measuring principle has following three kinds of flow-speed measurement methods.First kind is conventional hydrometry, is adapted at using in water quality is clear, flow velocity the is more steady test.Second kind is the remote control hydrometry, is applicable to that measuring point is far away apart from the bank, is difficult to the test of testing with band line mode.The third is the ultrasonic flow measurement method, can carry out the multidimensional fluid-velocity survey (Tang Guilan, yellow new, in magnifying. three kinds of flow-speed measurement methods summaries. forestry development, 1997,4:11-13).In fact, at present general measuring method and surveying instrument all are abiotic research service such as hydrologic monitoring, Underwater Engineering, ship dynamics, are difficult to satisfy in the biological life habit research needs to hydrology flow parameters.For example; Study under the natural conditions; Different in flow rate is for the influence of the adhering to of biology, abnormal, growth, and what we more needed is the mean flow rate (relating to the situation in sea) in a tidal cycle, and common velocimeter can only be measured instantaneous flow velocity; If will obtain one month mean flow rate, then need long continuous coverage.In addition, these instruments are relatively expensive, suit under staff's nurse, to carry out the fluid-velocity survey of short time.Because these instruments mostly need battery that the energy is provided, in therefore operating out of doors, electric wire takes place aging easily, influences the normal use of instrument, and waterproof sealing also often is the difficulty that this quasi-instrument must overcome.
In for halobiontic research, the researcher needs is long-term current mean flow rate and the relative value between different experiments point.
The slightly solubility material is insoluble substance again.Dissolving is absolute, do not dissolve can be described as relative.Dissolving is reversible with crystallization, so the slightly solubility material is not can not dissolve.Temperature, time and flow rate of water flow all can make the slightly solubility material produce certain dissolving.Under the certain condition of other parameters, the flow velocity of current just can influence the balance of the dissolving and the crystallization of indissoluble material significantly.Flow velocity is fast more, and the balance of dissolving and crystallization just moves to the process of dissolving, just can obtain long-term mean flow velocity value indirectly through calculating meltage.
In addition, now also have some not need additional electrical energy just can measure the invention of relative velocity, the principle of their main bases has two kinds of Mechanical Method and cooling methods basically, and Shang Weijian has the method for the principles of chemistry utilized.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of long-term mean flow rate assay method of current and device thereof that is applicable to the long-term mean flow rate of more same basin diverse location.
The long-term mean flow rate determinator of said current is provided with uncovered container, in container, fills the slightly solubility filling material, is provided with the suspender that is used for Suspended containers at outside of containers.
Said container can adopt column shape container, and the opening of container equates preferably that with base diameter the inside surface of container is a uneven surface, is used for effectively adhering to the slightly solubility filling material, and the internal diameter of said container can be 4～20mm.Said slightly solubility filling material can adopt a kind of in calcium sulphate, the lime carbonate etc.
Said suspender can adopt suspenders such as cylindrical member, hook, ring.
The long-term mean flow rate assay method of said current adopts the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, and said assay method may further comprise the steps:
1) in container, fills the slightly solubility filling material, measure and write down the quality of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, be designated as m1, hang and be fixed on vessel port in the water body that will measure downwards then;
2) behind the suspension end cycle, fetch the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, remove the impurity of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current surfaces externally and internally and the biology of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, dry after cleaning, measure the residual mass of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, be designated as m2;
3) measure the of poor quality of m1 and m2, be designated as m;
4), just obtain the flow velocity relative value of 2 different water bodys with of poor quality being divided by of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of measuring in 2 different water bodys of current.
In step 1), said slightly solubility filling material, the slightly solubility filling material that different vessels is filled is close, and is preferably identical, and the quality of the slightly solubility filling material of being filled is close, and is preferably identical; When in container, filling the slightly solubility filling material, the surface level of slightly solubility filling material, smooth preferably, inner no bubble.
With the manufacture craft standardization of the internal diameter and the slightly solubility filling material of container, can obtain the absolute value of flow velocity.
Principle of work of the present invention is that filling slightly solubility filling material is filled in the open-top receptacle; Container places mobile water; Be directly proportional with flow velocity owing to fill the dissolution velocity of slightly solubility filling material, therefore can characterize the flow velocity of current with the relative quantity that the quality of filling the slightly solubility filling material reduces.
Compare with existing similar measurement mechanism, the present invention has following outstanding advantage:
1) adopt chemical method indirect determination flow velocity, avoided the use of electronic component, performance is more stable;
2) need not additional battery the energy is provided, suitable use under water for a long time;
3) single unit system is an open design, does not have the requirement of waterproof and sealing;
4) can obtain long-term mean flow rate numerical value easily;
5) simple in structure, stable performance is made simply, and is with low cost, is convenient to promote.
6) to the specific demand of biologist for flow velocity, the method and the device of the long-term mean flow rate of a kind of easy measurement proposed, utilize this device can measure the relative value of flow velocity between the different water bodys easily out of doors.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current according to the invention embodiment is formed synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current according to the invention embodiment is provided with uncovered column shape container 1, in column shape container 1, fills slightly solubility filling material 2, is provided with the suspender 3 that is used for Suspended containers in column shape container 1 outside.
The opening of container equates that with base diameter the inside surface of container is a uneven surface, is used for effectively adhering to slightly solubility filling material 2, and the internal diameter of said container can be 4～20mm.Said slightly solubility filling material can adopt a kind of in calcium sulphate, the lime carbonate etc.
Said suspender adopts cylindrical member.
Following examples adopt the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current as shown in Figure 1.
For in the sea area of mean flow rate, can measure 30 days mean flow rate at 0.2～2m/s.Use the glass column shape container, its internal diameter is 10mm, the inside surface frosted, and the interior degree of depth is 100mm, the inner filling expired calcium sulphate.Before hanging on the sea area, earlier container is carried out weighing measurement, the actual quality of record is m1.According to the method on the step it is hung over then and measure the sea area, the suspension cycle was measured the sea area 30 days for hanging on.Behind the suspension end cycle, fetch container, remove the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container dries, and weighs then, is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 30 days suspension cycles, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
For being the sea area of 0.1～1m/s, can measure the mean flow rate of a year and a day at mean flow rate.Adopt the stainless steel column shape container, its internal diameter is 5mm, and the interior degree of depth is 300mm, and inner the filling expired calcium sulphate.Before hanging on the sea area, earlier container is carried out weighing measurement, the actual quality of record is m1.According to the method on the step it is hung over then and measure the sea area, the suspension cycle was measured the sea area 1 year for hanging on.Behind the suspension end cycle, fetch container, remove the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container dries, and weighs then, is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 1 year suspension cycle, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
For being the sea area of 0.1～0.5m/s, can measure 10 days mean flow rate at mean flow rate.Adopt the PVC column shape container, its internal diameter is 20mm, and the interior degree of depth is 200mm, and inner the filling expired lime carbonate.Before hanging on the sea area, earlier container is carried out weighing measurement, the actual quality of record is m1.According to the method on the step it is hung over then and measure the sea area, the suspension cycle was measured the sea area 10 days for hanging on.Behind the suspension end cycle, fetch container, remove the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container dries, and weighs then, is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 10 days suspension cycles, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
Embodiment 4
For mean flow rate is the sea area of 0.5～5m/s, can measure 50 days mean flow rate.Adopt the tygon column shape container, its internal diameter is 4mm, and rough inner surface, the interior degree of depth are 150mm, and inner the filling expired calcium sulphate.Before hanging on the sea area, earlier container is carried out weighing measurement, the actual quality of record is m1.According to the method on the step it is hung over then and measure the sea area, the suspension cycle was measured the sea area 50 days for hanging on.Behind the suspension end cycle, fetch container, remove the other biological of container surfaces externally and internally, the surfaces externally and internally of wash clean container dries, and weighs then, is recorded as m2, can obtain the m of poor quality of m1 and m2.M of poor quality is divided by 50 days suspension cycles, can obtain the mean flow rate in sea area during this.
Claims (10)
1. the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current is characterized in that being provided with uncovered container, in container, fills the slightly solubility filling material, is provided with the suspender that is used for Suspended containers at outside of containers.
2. the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said container adopts column shape container.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current is characterized in that the opening of said container equates with base diameter.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current is characterized in that the inside surface of said container is a uneven surface, is used for effectively adhering to the slightly solubility filling material.
5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, the internal diameter that it is characterized in that said container is 4～20mm.
6. the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said slightly solubility filling material is selected from a kind of in calcium sulphate, the lime carbonate.
7. the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said suspender adopts cylindrical member, hook, ring suspender.
8. the long-term mean flow rate assay method of current is characterized in that adopting like the long-term mean flow rate determinator of any current in the claim 1～7, and said assay method may further comprise the steps:
1) in container, fills the slightly solubility filling material, measure and write down the quality of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, be designated as m1, hang and be fixed on vessel port in the water body that will measure downwards then;
2) behind the suspension end cycle, fetch the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, remove the impurity of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current surfaces externally and internally and the biology of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, dry after cleaning, measure the residual mass of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of current, be designated as m2;
3) measure the of poor quality of m1 and m2, be designated as m;
4), just obtain the flow velocity relative value of 2 different water bodys with of poor quality being divided by of the long-term mean flow rate determinator of measuring in 2 different water bodys of current.
9. the long-term mean flow rate assay method of current as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that in step 1), said slightly solubility filling material; The slightly solubility filling material that different vessels is filled is close; Preferably identical, the quality of the slightly solubility filling material of being filled is close, and is preferably identical.
10. the long-term mean flow rate assay method of current as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that in step 1), when in container, filling the slightly solubility filling material, and the surface level of slightly solubility filling material, smooth, inner no bubble.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210016760.2A CN102590552B (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210016760.2A CN102590552B (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102590552A true CN102590552A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| CN102590552B CN102590552B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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| CN201210016760.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102590552B (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Device and method for measuring long-term average flow rate of water current |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101408443A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-15 | 四川大学 | Method and device for measuring high polymer molten volume flow |
| CN101576567A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-11-11 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Flow velocity measurement method for high temperature melt |
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2012
- 2012-01-18 CN CN201210016760.2A patent/CN102590552B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101408443A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-15 | 四川大学 | Method and device for measuring high polymer molten volume flow |
| CN101576567A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-11-11 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Flow velocity measurement method for high temperature melt |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 蔡祺风等: "铁棒法测定铝液流速的标定实验与工业槽实测", 《轻金属》 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20180920 Address after: 570125 Room 102, ten floor, Hainan Normal University experimental center building, No. 99, South Kunming Road, Qiongshan District, Haikou, Hainan. Patentee after: Haikou Bai Sichuan Marine Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Xiamen City, Fujian Province, 361005 South Siming Road No. 422 Patentee before: Xiamen University |
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