CN102586225B - Method for separating target molecules by controlling magnetic beads - Google Patents
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- CN102586225B CN102586225B CN201110007882.0A CN201110007882A CN102586225B CN 102586225 B CN102586225 B CN 102586225B CN 201110007882 A CN201110007882 A CN 201110007882A CN 102586225 B CN102586225 B CN 102586225B
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012148 binding buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating target molecules by controlling magnetic beads. The method comprises the following steps: (1) binding: placing the magnetic beads, liquor containing the target molecules, and binding buffer liquor into a container and mixing, so that the magnetic beads and the target molecules are bound to form a composite; and removing impurities and remaining the composite in the container; (2) washing: adding washing buffer liquor into the container so as to mix the washing buffer liquor and the composite, removing impurities and remaining the composite in the container; and (3) eluting: adding the washing buffer liquor into the container so as to mix the washing buffer liquor with the composite, separating the container from a magnetic field, incubating to separate the magnetic beads from the target molecules and collecting the target molecules. The test proves that the yield of the method is higher than that of the traditional suction method and the consistency of centrifugal tubes is more excellent than that in the traditional suction method. Therefore, the method has a wide application prospect in the fields of separation and purification of biological molecules.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of separating target molecules by controlling magnetic beads.
Background technology
A large amount of Bioexperiment and clinical diagnosis be unable to do without sample preparation, and the extraction of biomolecules and purification technique extensive application in sample preparation.Along with the development of correlation technique, the handled sample size of clinical diagnosis and Bioexperiment is also increasing.
It is the conventional a kind of technology of sample preparation that magnetic bead is handled.Magnetic bead mixes and isolation technique at present, mainly contains two classes: a class is to realize magnetic bead by the relative movement of bar magnet and magnetosheath to collect, discharge, shift, and then completes the extraction of biomolecules.The physical construction relative complex that this method adopts, exists and realize the problem that automatization cost is high, and magnetosheath is as consumptive material, and price is higher.Meanwhile, because magnetosheath fully contacts with sample, there is the risk of contaminated samples, and in magnetic bead transfer process, have the problem of magnetic bead loss.In addition, because the motion of magnetosheath is comparatively violent, the integrity of the artifact molecule that cannot ensure to purify.
An other class is rifle head Smoking regime, mixes with rifle head pressure-vaccum, and magnet adsorption magnetic bead, separates to do magnetic bead.The cost that this method realizes automatization is high, needs several robotic arms and pump, complex structure.In addition, also exist disposable processing sample limited amount in the problem of mechanical arm.In a word, need to raise the efficiency and the factors such as disposable processing sample quantity, meeting low-material-consumption, high efficiency biomolecules is extracted and purifying requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that magnetic bead is separated target molecule from solution of handling, specifically one makes in conjunction with, washing and separates more fully, makes the target molecule purity and the higher magnetic bead separation method of yield that obtain.
The method of utilizing magnetic bead that target molecule is separated from solution of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) combination: magnetic bead, the solution that contains target molecule and binding buffer liquid are placed in to container and mix, described container is placed in to the magnetic force scope in magnetic field and makes the magnetic field force induced direction of the magnetic bead of described container and/or size in continuous change state, so that the fully contact each other of all substances in described container, magnetic bead is combined with target molecule and is formed mixture; Remove impurity, retain mixture in described container;
(2) washing: add lavation buffer solution in described container, lavation buffer solution is mixed with described mixture, described container is placed in to the magnetic force scope in magnetic field and makes the magnetic field force induced direction of the magnetic bead of described container and/or size in continuous change state, so that the fully contact each other of all substances in described container; Remove impurity, retain mixture in described container;
(3) wash-out: add elution buffer in described container, elution buffer is mixed with described mixture, described container is placed in to the magnetic force scope in magnetic field and makes the magnetic field force induced direction of the magnetic bead of described container and/or size in continuous change state, so that the fully contact each other of all substances in described container; Again described container is departed to magnetic field, hatch, so that described magnetic bead separates with described target molecule, collect target molecule.
In said process, in described step (1), (2) or (3), the described magnetic field force induced direction of magnetic bead and/or the method for size in continuous change state of making specifically can be shown in following I, II or III, but do not get rid of other method;
I, make described container and the relative movement of described magnetic field, the magnet that wherein produces magnetic field is permanent magnet;
Size and/or the direction of II, change magnetic field force, the magnet that wherein produces magnetic field is electro-magnet; Specifically can be by the size of the electric current of change electro-magnet, magnetic force size is changed; Change the sense of current of electro-magnet, make N the S utmost point change.
III, change magnetic field force size and/or direction and make described container and the relative movement of described magnetic field, the magnet that wherein produces magnetic field is electro-magnet.
In said process, described in make the method for described container and the relative movement of described magnetic field specifically can be following 1), 2) or 3) shown in:
1) described container is taken exercises between two relative row's magnet;
2) described container is around described magnet movement;
3) described magnet moves around described container.
In said process, described 1), 2) or 3) in, described motion can be circumferential motion, uniform motion or uniform circular motion.
In said process, the speed of described uniform circular motion is 8rpm-75rpm, is preferably 12rpm-30rpm or 15rpm-30rpm, is specially 15rpm, 19rpm, 23rpm or 30rpm.
If movement velocity can allow magnetic bead also have little time motion in pipe too soon, get back to again original position, not only can not be allowed to condition at sufficient movement in pipe, may destroy in addition the integrity of original biomolecules; If movement velocity is too slow, efficiency again can be very low and can not allows magnetic bead fully scatter to touch liquid.
In said process, during described container is taken exercises between relative two row's magnet, the described container comb that several independent pipes are formed by connecting of serving as reasons, and described comb is straight line.
In said process, in order to make the effect in each pipe consistent, preferably keep each independent pipe in described comb to cause at the magnetic field force induced homogeneous of synchronization.
In said process, make each independent pipe in described comb synchronization the method that causes of magnetic field force induced homogeneous specifically can be as follows, but be not limited to this method: every row's magnet is connected in sequence by several rectangular-shaped permanent magnets, permanent magnet closure linearly and perpendicular to the N utmost point and the S utmost point line direction of permanent magnet self, the pole orientation of two adjacent permanent magnets is contrary; Two permanent magnet edge lines relative between two row's magnet are rectangular or square, and the magnetic pole of two relative permanent magnets is identical; Comb and two row's magnet equal keeping parallelisms, each rectangular-shaped permanent magnet equals the width of each single tube along the widest part of the N utmost point of magnet and the tangent plane of S utmost point line direction along the width of the tangent plane of himself N utmost point and S utmost point line direction; And comb is in the motion of the non-fringing effect region of two row's magnet, and described fringing effect is the fringing effect that the two ends of every row's magnet produce.
In said process, described independent pipe is test tube or centrifuge tube; The described comb being formed by connecting by several independent pipes is eight platoon centrifuge tubes.
In said process, described target molecule is biomolecules; Or described biomolecules is DNA, RNA, carbohydrate or protein.
The inventive method, by changing the magnetic field force induced size and Orientation of magnetic bead, makes magnetic bead be combined more fully or separation with target molecule, finally obtains target molecule.Specifically, can take respectively following four kinds of modes to change the magnetic field force induced size and Orientation of magnetic bead: 1) magnet is fixed, and the motion of magnetic bead system; 2) magnetic bead system is fixed, and magnet movement; 3) magnetic bead system and magnet all move; 4) adopt electro-magnet conversion magnetic force size and Orientation.
Described magnet can be electro-magnet, can be also permanent magnet.
Described permanent magnet is to be mainly used to provide magnetic field, and by regulating distance between sample and direction to control the motion of magnetic bead, thereby change the suffered magnetic field force size and Orientation of magnetic bead system.
Described electro-magnet is mainly by regulating self size of current and direction, and in conjunction with the distance and the direction that regulate between sample, thereby change the suffered magnetic field force size and Orientation of magnetic bead system.
In the inventive method, the effect that the magnetic field force induced size and Orientation of magnetic bead is changed is specific as follows:
1, combination: the container that makes to be equipped with magnetic bead system with respect to the distance of magnet and/or position in continuous change state, make magnetic bead under the effect of magnetic field force changing in system sufficient movement, and then make magnetic bead fully mix and contact with biomolecules, form the mixture of magnetic bead and biomolecules.
2, washing: container is pressed close to magnet for some time, remove after unnecessary liquid, washings is added in the magnetic bead being combined, the container that makes to be equipped with magnetic bead system with respect to the distance of magnet and/or position in continuous change state, make magnetic bead under the effect of magnetic field force changing in system sufficient movement, and then make mixture fully mix and fully contact with washings, thereby it is fully washed.
3, wash-out: container is pressed close to magnet for some time, remove after unnecessary liquid, elutriant is added in the magnetic bead having washed, the container that makes to be equipped with magnetic bead system with respect to the distance of magnet and/or position in continuous change state, control magnetic bead and move in elutriant, make magnetic bead under the effect of magnetic field force changing in system sufficient movement, make mixture fully mix and contact with elutriant, thereby be beneficial to wash-out, thereby obtain high density, highly purified target molecule.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages:
1), because centrifuge tube adopts slower movement velocity, the suffered shearing force of target biological molecules is less, and is difficult for producing bubble, ensures the biomolecules integrity after purifying.
2) in manipulation process, absence of liquid is spattered phenomenon outward, has reduced crossed contamination possibility.
3) blending process is got involved without other experiment consumptive material, has reduced possible pollution in reducing costs.
4) can be by multiple samples as for mixing in magnetic field, improve the flux of biomolecules extraction and purifying.
5) only need the relative position of regulating magnet and magnetic bead system, or convert the magnetic force size of electro-magnet, move relatively simple, thus easily be automated, and cost is low.
6) do not need special container, only need common consumptive material, practicality is very strong
7) whole process is not carried out magnetic bead transfer, has reduced magnetic bead loss.
The biomolecules that experiment showed, the inventive method is extracted yield higher than traditional Smoking regime, and consistence between multitube is better than traditional Smoking regime.Therefore, the inventive method will have broad application prospects in the sample preparation field of biomolecules.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Embodiment
The experimental technique using in following embodiment if no special instructions, is ordinary method.
Material, reagent etc. used in following embodiment, if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
In accompanying drawing, each mark is as follows: 1, magnetic bead system; 2, magnet.
Damping fluid GD, rinsing liquid PW in following embodiment, elutriant TB, magnetic bead suspension B are product in paramagnetic particle method genome DNA extracting reagent kit.Paramagnetic particle method genome DNA extracting reagent kit is purchased from TIANGEN Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and catalog number is DP329.
The kind of the solution that in experiment, each step need to add and consumption operate according to the specification sheets of paramagnetic particle method genome DNA extracting reagent kit.
The PCR product that following embodiment 1,2,3,4 uses is identical same a collection of PCR product, and what embodiment 5 used is another batch of PCR product.In PCR product, all contain the DNA (being DNA to be separated) of being combined with magnetic bead.
A centrifuge tube and a magnet are one group, and magnet is fixed, and centrifuge tube does uniform circular motion round magnet.Magnet is monolithic permanent magnet, and monolithic permanent magnet is rectangular-shaped (Fig. 1 and 2).Centrifuge tube is all within the scope of the magnetic force in magnetic field of magnet generation in moving process.
One, combination
1, preparation system:
1) to the PCR product that adds 40 μ L in each pipe of 3 groups of centrifuge tubes;
2) in each pipe, add 10 μ L damping fluid GD again;
3) to the mixed solution that adds 110 μ L PW and 20 μ L dehydrated alcohols in each pipe, vortex mixes;
4) in three groups of centrifuge tubes, add respectively 5 μ L, 10 μ L or 15 μ L magnetic bead suspension B;
2, binding operation
Single centrifuge tube is done to uniform circular motion (as shown in Figure 1, 2) with the speed of 15rpm around permanent magnet, in this process, magnetic bead fully contacts with target molecule and forms mixture, move after 2 to 3 minutes, stop near magnet, stop after 30 seconds mixture by magnet adsorption to the tube wall of container, with liquid-transfering gun, liquid is removed, retained mixture;
Two, washing
1, washing for the first time
In the centrifuge tube that mixture is housed obtaining to step 1, add 200 μ L damping fluid GD, centrifuge tube is done to uniform circular motion with the speed of 15rpm around permanent magnet, in this process, magnetic bead fully contacts with damping fluid GD, move after 2 to 3 minutes, stop near magnet, stop after 30 seconds mixture by magnet adsorption to tube wall, with liquid-transfering gun, liquid is removed, retain mixture;
2, washing for the second time
In the centrifuge tube of step 1, add 200 μ L rinsing liquid PW, centrifuge tube is done to uniform circular motion with the speed of 15rpm around permanent magnet, move after 2 to 3 minutes, stop near magnet, stop after 30 seconds mixture by magnet adsorption to the tube wall of consumptive material, with liquid-transfering gun, liquid is removed, retained mixture; Room temperature is dried 5 minutes.
Three, wash-out
To the elutriant TB that adds 50~100 μ L in the centrifuge tube of step 2, centrifuge tube is done to uniform circular motion with the speed of 15rpm around permanent magnet, move after 2 to 3 minutes, centrifuge tube is removed to magnetic field (leaving the magnetic force scope in magnetic field), then centrifuge tube is placed in to 56 DEG C hatches 10 minutes.Centrifuge tube is stopped near magnet again, stop after 30 seconds, magnetic bead is by magnet adsorption to tube wall, and target molecule exists in dissociating buffer and (be target molecule solution), and target molecule solution is transferred to new pipe.
Four, the detection method of yield
Method: carry out nucleic acid concentration test with spectrophotometer, before test, attention need to mix nucleic acid with Tip head.
Method is substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is in combination, washing and elution step, centrifuge tube is different from the relative movement mode of permanent magnet, is specially: permanent magnet does uniform circular motion (as shown in Figure 3,4) with the speed of 15rpm around centrifuge tube.Be specially: a centrifuge tube and a magnet are one group, and centrifuge tube is fixed, and magnet does uniform circular motion round centrifuge tube.Magnet is monolithic permanent magnet, and monolithic permanent magnet is rectangular-shaped (Fig. 3 and 4).Magnet needs in moving process to ensure that centrifuge tube is in the scope of magnetic force of magnet generation.
Embodiment 3, utilize method-container that magnetic bead separates target molecule from solution to move between two row's magnet
Method is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and different is that centrifuge tube is different, specific as follows from the relative movement mode of permanent magnet in combination, washing and elution step:
The permanent magnet that two rows are relative and parallel and row's centrifuge tube are one group.One row's centrifuge tube is by 8 independent centrifuge tubes that straight line is formed by connecting.The relative magnet positions of two rows is fixed, and eight centrifuge tubes are done as a wholely between two row's magnet, to do uniform circular motion (Fig. 5,6,7) with the speed of 15rpm.Uniform circular motion can pass through existing techniques in realizing, as eight centrifuge tubes are placed in to a corresponding rotor, rotor is driven and is carried out uniform circular motion by motor, thereby eight centrifuge tubes also do uniform circular motion, in whole moving process, the relative position of eight centrifuge tubes and rotor is constant.One row's centrifuge tube is all within the scope of the magnetic force of two row's magnet generations in moving process.
Magnet is permanent magnet, and monolithic magnet is rectangular-shaped; Every row's magnet is to be close to successively to arrange by onesize monolithic permanent magnet to form.
In order to ensure that in eight centrifuge tubes, each pipe, in the stressed consistence (being that the magnetic field force induced size and Orientation of each pipe is consistent) of synchronization, arranges in the following manner magnet arrangement and eight centrifuge tubes are moved in the following manner:
Monolithic magnet is close to and is arranged in a row successively, and monolithic magnet array direction linearly and perpendicular to the N utmost point and the S utmost point line direction of monolithic magnet self, the pole orientation of two adjacent monolithic magnet is contrary; Two monolithic magnet edges lines relative between two row's magnet are rectangular, and the magnetic pole of two relative monolithic magnet is identical; No matter place in moment or the moving process at comb in the initial of comb, all keep comb and two row's magnet opposing parallel; Each rectangular-shaped permanent magnet equals the width of each single tube along the widest part of the N utmost point of magnet and the tangent plane of S utmost point line direction along the width of the tangent plane of himself N utmost point and S utmost point line direction; Also will make the non-fringing effect region motion (with the fringing effect of avoiding the two ends of two row magnet produce make the unbalance stress of pipe) of comb between two row's magnet, described fringing effect refers to the fringing effect that the two ends of every row's magnet produce.
The two row's magnet that so arrange are in non-fringing effect region, along the magneticstrength incomplete same although (magneticstrength of the connecting place of general two blocks of magnet is better than portion other than connected portion of magnet) of each point in the direction parallel with magnet, but because the widest part of profile of each pipe and the width of the profile of magnet equate, so no matter which comb moves to, its stressing conditions at the each pipe of synchronization is identical.
Avoid above-mentioned fringing effect can pass through existing techniques in realizing, specifically can be if the monolithic magnet number of every row's magnet be far more than the number of each single tube in comb, and make the region intermediate motion of comb at every row's magnet, and keep off the two ends of every row's magnet.
So arrange, just ensured that in eight centrifuge tubes, each pipe is all identical at the suffered magnetic field force size and Orientation of synchronization, thereby ensured consistence between pipe.
In addition, experiment shows, in the time that in every row's magnet, each monolithic magnet is apart from one another by a segment distance, the dispersity of the magnetic bead in each centrifuge tube is obviously different, illustrate that each pipe is different in the suffered magneticstrength of synchronization in such cases, therefore, between pipe, consistence places not as above-mentioned being close to.
Experiment also shows, in the time that the pole orientation of two monolithic magnet adjacent in every row's magnet is identical, the dispersity of the magnetic bead in each centrifuge tube is obviously different, illustrate that each pipe is different in the suffered magneticstrength of synchronization in such cases, therefore, between pipe, consistence places on the contrary not as above-mentioned adjacent magnets pole orientation.
In above-described embodiment, all establish 3 groups of experiments, in practical application, can have according to demand N (N >=1) to organize same reaction, raised the efficiency.
Embodiment 4, contrast (traditional way)
1, to the PCR product (identical with PCR product described in embodiment 1-3, be with batch) that adds 40 μ L in each pipe of 3 groups of centrifuge tube combs
2, in each pipe, add 10 μ L damping fluid GD again;
3, to the mixed solution that adds 110 μ L PW and 20 μ L dehydrated alcohols in each pipe, vortex mixes;
4, in three groups of centrifuge tubes, add respectively 5 μ L, 10 μ L, 15 μ L magnetic bead suspension B;
5, centrifuge tube is positioned on magnetic frame and leaves standstill 30 seconds, the careful liquid of removing in the time that magnetic bead adsorbs completely;
6, centrifuge tube is taken off from magnetic frame, added 200 μ L rinsing liquid GD, vortex mixes.
7, centrifuge tube is positioned on magnetic frame and leaves standstill 30 seconds, the careful liquid of removing in the time that magnetic bead adsorbs completely.
8, add 200 μ L rinsing liquid PW, vortex mixes.
9, centrifuge tube is positioned on magnetic frame and leaves standstill 30 seconds, the careful liquid of removing in the time that magnetic bead adsorbs completely, room temperature is dried 5 minutes.
10, the elutriant TB that adds 50~100 μ L, mixes according to the mode of step 5, hatches 10 minutes for 56 DEG C.
11, centrifuge tube is pressed close to magnet 30 seconds, in the time that magnetic bead adsorbs completely, carefully DNA solution is transferred to new pipe, and measures.
Result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1, product reclaim result
As can be seen from the table, no matter add the amount of magnetic bead to be how many, the yield of the inventive method is all higher than the yield of traditional suction method, and between pipe, consistence is better than traditional Smoking regime.
Embodiment 5, different motion speed
Method: with identical described in embodiment 3; The speed of different is uniform circular motion is 23rpm and 30rpm.
Result: as shown in table 2.
Table 2, product reclaim result
Claims (3)
1. a method of utilizing magnetic bead that target molecule is separated from solution, comprises the steps:
(1) combination: magnetic bead, the solution that contains target molecule and binding buffer liquid are placed in to container and mix, described container is placed in to the magnetic force scope in magnetic field and makes the magnetic field force induced direction of the magnetic bead of described container and/or size in continuous change state, so that the fully contact each other of all substances in described container, magnetic bead is combined with target molecule and is formed mixture; Remove impurity, retain mixture in described container;
(2) washing: add lavation buffer solution in described container, lavation buffer solution is mixed with described mixture, described container is placed in to the magnetic force scope in magnetic field and makes the magnetic field force induced direction of the magnetic bead of described container and/or size in continuous change state, so that the fully contact each other of all substances in described container; Remove impurity, retain mixture in described container;
(3) wash-out: add elution buffer in described container, elution buffer is mixed with described mixture, described container is placed in to the magnetic force scope in magnetic field and makes the magnetic field force induced direction of the magnetic bead of described container and/or size in continuous change state, so that the fully contact each other of all substances in described container; Again described container is departed to magnetic field, hatch, so that described magnetic bead separates with described target molecule, collect target molecule; In described step (1), (2) or (3), described in make the magnetic field force induced direction of magnetic bead and/or the method for size in continuous change state be
Make described container and the relative movement of described magnetic field, the magnet that wherein produces magnetic field is permanent magnet;
The described method that makes described container and the relative movement of described magnetic field is that described container is taken exercises between two relative row's magnet; The described container comb that several independent pipes are formed by connecting of serving as reasons, and described comb is straight line; In described comb, each independent pipe causes at the magnetic field force induced homogeneous of synchronization; Make each independent pipe in described comb synchronization the method that causes of magnetic field force induced homogeneous be: every row's magnet is connected in sequence by several rectangular-shaped permanent magnets, permanent magnet closure linearly and perpendicular to the N utmost point and the S utmost point line direction of permanent magnet self, the pole orientation of two adjacent permanent magnets is contrary; Two permanent magnet edge lines relative between two row's magnet are rectangular or square, and the magnetic pole of two relative permanent magnets is identical; Comb and two row's magnet equal keeping parallelisms, each rectangular-shaped permanent magnet equals the width of each single tube along the widest part of the N utmost point of magnet and the tangent plane of S utmost point line direction along the width of the tangent plane of himself N utmost point and S utmost point line direction; And comb is in the motion of the non-fringing effect region of two row's magnet, and described fringing effect is the fringing effect that the two ends of every row's magnet produce;
Described 1), 2) or 3) in, described motion is uniform circular motion, is that comb does uniform circular motion along the horizontal plane of two row's magnet lines; The speed of described uniform circular motion is 15rpm-30rpm;
Described target molecule is DNA, RNA, carbohydrate or protein.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the speed of described uniform circular motion is 15rpm, 19rpm, 23rpm or 30rpm.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the described comb being formed by connecting by several independent pipes is eight platoon centrifuge tubes.
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