CN102579763B - 治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物 - Google Patents
治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102579763B CN102579763B CN2012100630469A CN201210063046A CN102579763B CN 102579763 B CN102579763 B CN 102579763B CN 2012100630469 A CN2012100630469 A CN 2012100630469A CN 201210063046 A CN201210063046 A CN 201210063046A CN 102579763 B CN102579763 B CN 102579763B
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Abstract
一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄：20-60份，黄芩：10-60份，龙血竭2-40份，血余炭5-20份，棕榈炭10-30份，青黛5-15份，冰片2-10份，生石灰2-13份，黄连10-50份，当归5-40份，白芷5-20份，甘草2-15份，紫草2-10份，血见愁5-60份，朱砂1-6份，马勃2-10份，鸡血藤5-20份，白芍2-20份。本发明治疗烧烫伤可有效抑制创面渗出，减少组织液的丢失，干性环境不利细菌生长，且诸药有抗炎抑菌作用，可减少感染机会。本发明克服了现有治疗大面积烧烫伤需植皮而无供皮区的不足，能使烧烫伤创面再生皮肤结痂愈合，治愈率在94%以上。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种外用中药组合物，具体说是一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物。
背景技术：
烧烫伤在日常劳动中常见，它包括火焰、蒸汽、热水、热汤、强酸、强碱、高压电等引起的损伤。严重的烧伤不仅损伤皮肤，还可深达肌肉、骨骼甚至引起全身变化，危及生命。烧伤创面大都出现组织液的大量渗出，创面经久不愈，感染常见。因此，减少渗出、修复皮损是治疗烧伤的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有治疗大面积烧烫伤需植皮而无供皮区的不足，提供一种能使烧烫伤创面再生皮肤结痂愈合的外用中药组合物。
所采用的技术方案为：一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄：20-60份，黄芩：10-60份，龙血竭2-40份，血余炭5-20份，棕榈炭10-30份，青黛5-15份，冰片2-10份，生石灰2-13份，黄连10-50份，当归5-40份，白芷5-20份，甘草2-15份，紫草2-10份，血见愁5-60份，朱砂1-6份，马勃2-10份，鸡血藤5-20份，白芍2-20份。
本发明中各原料药机理：
大黄：苦、寒，归大肠、脾、胃、心、肝经。《本草纲目》：“主治实热燥结，潮热谵语，诸火疮”。化学成分及药理作用：本品主含蒽醌类衍生物，并含瑟酮类、芪苷类、萘酚类、多糖化合物等，本品有泻下、解热、镇痛，改善微循环，止血，抑菌、消炎作用。
黄芩：苦、寒。归肺、胃、肝、胆、大肠、膀胱经。主治：清热解毒，泻火，凉血止血。化学成分及药理作用;本品含有黄酮类化合物，并含有苯乙醇糖苷、苯甲酸、β谷甾醇、氨基酸、糖类等。在体外对多种致病菌、流感病毒、钩端螺旋体均有较强的抑制作用，能抑制被动皮肤过敏反应。
血竭：辛、咸，平。归心、肝经。《新修本草》：“心腹卒痛，金疮出血，破积血，止痛。生肉”，具有活血止痛、化瘀止血，生肌敛疮的作用，化学成分及药理作用：本品主要为一种树脂酯及血竭树脂鞣醇的混合物，并含有松香酸，苯甲酸等，对多种致病真菌有不同程度的抑制作用。
血余炭：苦、微温。消瘀，止血，利小便。.《医学衷中参西录》：“血余者，发也，不煅则其质不化，故必煅为炭然后入药。其性能化瘀血、生新血有似三七，故善治吐血、衄血。而常服之又可治劳瘵，因劳瘵之人，其血必虚而且瘀，故《金匮》谓之血痹虚劳。”主要成分：血余中的主要成分为一种优角蛋白，含水分１２％～１５％，灰分０.３%，脂肪３.４％～５.８％，氮１７.４％，硫５.００％，亦含黑色素．灰分中含有金属（按含量多少）依次为： 钙＞钠＞钾＞锌＞铜＞铁＞锰＞砷．现代研究表明血余炭具有止血和抗菌功能。
棕榈炭：苦、涩，平。归肝、肺、大肠经。功效：收敛止血。《本草拾遗》：“烧作灰，主破血止血。”化学成分：本品含有大量纤维及鞣质，并含有较丰富的金属元素锌、铁、铜、锰。药理作用：棕榈子粉的醇提取物能收缩子宫，并有一定的凝血作用。
青黛：味咸、性寒，功效：清热解毒，凉血止血，清肝泻火。《开宝本草》：主解诸药毒，小儿诸热，惊厥发热，天行头痛寒热，煎水研服之。亦摩敷热疮、恶肿、金疮、下血、蛇犬等毒。成分：从马蓝制得的青黛中分得：靛玉红，靛蓝，异靛蓝。
从蓼蓝制得的青黛中分得靛玉红，靛蓝，N-苯基-2-荼胺，β-谷甾醇，虫漆蜡醇，靛甙，松蓝甙B，色氨酮，青黛酮。从木蓝制得的青黛中分昨：靛玉红。从菘蓝制得的青黛中分得：靛玉红，靛蓝，色氨酮，青黛酮，靛红，正二十九烷。现代研究表明青黛具有抗肿瘤、抑菌作用。
当归：《神农本草经》：甘、辛、温。归肝、心、脾、大肠经。《本草纲目》“润肠胃筋骨皮肤，治痈疽，排脓止痛，和血补血”。化学成分及药理作用：本品富含挥发性成分、有机酸、糖类、维生素、氨基酸、无机元素、碱性成分及豆甾醇、谷甾醇等成分，具有促进血红蛋白及红细胞的生成，缓解外周血管平滑肌筋挛，增加血流量，改善外周循环，抗血栓，镇痛，消炎，增强免疫功能。
白芷：味辛，性温，功效：祛风除湿，通窃止痛，消肿排脓。本经》：主女人漏下赤白，血闭阴肿，寒热，风头（头风)侵目泪出，长肌肤，润泽。成分：根含香豆精类：欧前胡内酯，异欧前胡内酯，氧化前胡内酯，水合氧化前胡内酯[5]，珊瑚菜素，白当归素及叔-O-甲基白当归素等；香豆精葡萄糖甙类；紫花前胡甙，3-羟基印度榲楟甙，白当归素-叔-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙，白当归素-仲-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙，东莨菪甙，茵芋甙，花椒毒酚-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙，独活属醇-叔-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙等，另含腺甙。 现代研究表明白芷具有抗炎、抑菌作用。
冰片：味辛，苦，性凉，功效：开窍醒神，散热止痛，明目去翳。成分：冰片为右旋龙脑，现代研究表明冰片就有抗炎抑菌作用。
生石灰：辛、苦、涩、温，有毒。功效：解毒蚀腐，敛疮止血，杀虫止痒。成分：生石灰为氧化钙,熟石灰为氢氧化钙。
黄连：苦，寒。功效：清热泻火、燥湿、解毒。成分：黄连根茎含小檗碱5. 56％-7.25％，黄连碱，表小檗碱，小檗红碱，掌叶防已碱，非洲防己碱，药根碱，甲基黄连碱，木兰花减，阿魏酸，黄柏酮，黄柏内酯。主治：热毒疮疡、疔毒走黄、牙龈肿痛、口舌生疮、聤耳、阴肿、痔血、湿疹、烫伤。
甘草：甘、平，功效：和中缓急，润肺，解毒，调和诸药。成分：根及根茎含甘草甜素，为甘草酸的钾、钙盐。尚含甘草甙、甘草甙元、异甘草甙、异甘草元、新甘草甙、新异甘草甙等。
紫草：性寒，味甘、咸。功能主治 ：凉血活血，解毒透疹。用于血热毒盛、斑疹紫黑、麻疹不透、疮疡、湿疹、水火烫伤。清热凉血，用于麻疹，热病癍疹，湿疹，尿血，血淋，血痢，疮疡，丹毒，烧伤，热结便秘。有效成分：含乙酰紫草素、β-羟基异戊酰紫草素、紫草素、β，β’-二甲基丙烯酰紫草素。
血见愁：苦、寒，归肝心经，功效：凉血止血，活血化瘀 。成分：茜草根含蒽醌衍生物茜草素，羟基茜草素，异茜草素，1-羟基-2-甲基蒽醌，1， 4二羟基-6-甲基蒽醌，去甲虎刺醛，大黄素甲醚，1-羟基 2-甲氧基蒽醌，1，4二羟基 2-甲基-5-(或8)-甲氧基蒽醌，1，3-二甲氧基-2-梭基蒽醌，1， 3-二羟基-2-甲基蒽醌二羟基-2-乙氧基甲基蒽醌。
朱砂：甘、凉，有毒，功效：镇心安神，清热解毒，明目。成分：朱砂主要成分为硫化汞，含汞量85.41%，但常混有雄黄、磷灰石、沥青等杂质。
鸡血藤：味苦、微甘、性温 ，《饮片新参》：去瘀血，生新血，流利经脉。治暑痧，风血痹症。主要成分：藤茎含表无羁萜醇，胡萝卜甙，β-谷甾醇，7-酮基-β-谷甾醇，刺芒柄花素，芒柄花甙，樱黄素，阿佛洛莫生，大豆素，3，7-二羟基-6-甲氧基二氢黄酮醇，表儿茶精，异甘草甙元，3，4，2’，4’-四羟基查耳酮（3，4，2’，4’，甘草查耳酮A，苜猪酚，原儿茶酸，9-甲氧基香豆雌酚，木豆异黄酮。鸡血藤甘温，长于补血，温经活络，伤家常用。现代研究鸡血藤对凝血、纤溶有很好的作用。
马勃：辛，性平，主治：咽喉肿痛，咳嗽失音，吐血衄血，诸疮不敛。.《本草从新》：每见用寒凉药敷疮者，虽愈而热毒内攻，变生他病，为害不小，惟马勃辛平而散，甚为稳妥。成分：紫色秃马勃子实体马勃菌酸。大秃马勃子实体含α-淀粉酶及多种氢基酸。头状秃马勃子实体含马勃菌酸。网纹马勃子实体含网纹马勃酸,蛋白质31.7%,黑色素,脂肪酸,芳香酸.梨形马勃子实体含马勃菌酸，马勃菌酸甲酯，苯甲酸。
白芍：苦寒，功效：养血和营，缓急止痛，敛阴平肝。成分：根含芍药甙,氧化芍药甙，苯甲酰芍药甙，白芍甙，芍药甙无酮，没食子酰芍药甙，β-蒎-10-烯基-β-巢菜甙，芍药新甙，芍药内酯A、B、C，β-谷甾醇，胡萝卜甙。还从根的鞣质中分得1，2，3，6-四没食子酰基葡萄糖，1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰基葡萄糖及相应的六没食子酰基葡萄糖和七没食子酰基葡萄糖等。又含右旋儿茶精及挥发油。挥发油主要含苯甲酸,牡丹酚及其他醇类和酚类成分共33个。
以上原料均可自普通药店购买到，其规格符合国家医药标准。
本发明治疗烧烫伤可有效抑制创面渗出，减少组织液的丢失，干性环境不利细菌生长，且诸药有抗炎抑菌作用，可减少感染机会，其中当归可以缓解外周血管平滑肌筋挛，增加血流量，改善外周循环，抗血栓，促进创面愈合，并有镇痛，消炎作用，黄连中的小檗碱具有很好的镇痛作用。而且创面应用本发明后如果患者创面干操则不需换药，减少换药次数，缩短创面愈合时间。本发明克服了现有治疗大面积烧烫伤需植皮而无供皮区的不足，能使烧烫伤创面再生皮肤结痂愈合，效果肯定，得到了患者认可，治愈率在94%以上。本发明有关治疗情况如下：
1、病人概况：选择病史、病情、年龄、性别及原始治疗方法等项。106例患者烧烫伤病史最长1月，最短1天；烧伤创面65%1例，烧烫伤面积30%—40%23例，烧烫伤面积20%-30%36例，烧烫伤面积20%以下56例，以上病例烧烫伤程度均为深二度至三度，其中男性56例，女性50例；年龄最大72岁，最小1岁。以上病例在未用前均用湿润烧伤膏治疗，其中痂下积脓39例，经切痂用本物治疗后痊愈。
2、用法用量：彻底清创后外涂本粉剂适量，创面干燥者不需处理；创面有渗出者，清创后可重新涂用本物致干燥结痂，烧焦部位可将本粉制成膏剂涂用，直至自行结痂脱落。
3、疗效分析：一般病人用药3-5次后均创面干燥无渗出，疼痛即可明显缓解，十五天左右可见部分创面结痂脱落。脱落处均无明显疤痕增生，经一至两个疗程治疗后106例患者中创面结痂痊愈100例，好转6例。
疗效标准：（中医药烧伤治疗学 丁宝财著 辽宁科学技术出版社）
治愈：a、烧伤创面基本消灭（大面积烧伤时散在小创面不足0.5%）。
b、病人全身情况明显好转，无严重烧伤并发症（如败血症、肺炎）。
好转：a、病人情况明显好转（如休克以纠正），无严重并发症。
b、烧伤创面大部分消灭。
4、不良反应：个别患者用药后感觉患部烧灼不适，一般不需治疗，症状可自行消失。
本发明物小儿及孕产妇用药未见明显副作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1，一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄40份，黄芩40份，龙血竭35份，血余炭15份，棕榈炭15份，青黛10份，冰片5份，生石灰10份，黄连40份，当归40份，白芷20份，甘草10份，紫草10份，血见愁60份，朱砂5份，马勃5份，鸡血藤10份，白芍15份。
实施例2，一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄20份，黄芩60份，龙血竭2份，血余炭20份，棕榈炭25份，青黛8份，冰片5份，生石灰5份，黄连45份，当归10份，白芷20份，甘草2份，紫草10份，血见愁5份，朱砂6份，马勃2份，鸡血藤20份，白芍2份。
实施例3，一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄30份，黄芩50份，龙血竭10份，血余炭15份，棕榈炭20份，青黛12份，冰片4份，生石灰10份，黄连20份，当归45份，白芷10份，甘草8份，紫草5份，血见愁40份，朱砂2份，马勃5份，鸡血藤8份，白芍12份。
实施例4，一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄50份，黄芩20份，龙血竭25份，血余炭10份，棕榈炭30份，青黛5份，冰片10份，生石灰2份，黄连50份，当归5份，白芷15份，甘草5份，紫草8份，血见愁30份，朱砂3份，马勃3份，鸡血藤15份，白芍10份。
实施例5，一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄60份，黄芩10份，龙血竭40份，血余炭5份，棕榈炭10份，青黛15份，冰片2份，生石灰13份，黄连10份，当归50份，白芷5份，甘草15份，紫草2份，血见愁50份，朱砂1份，马勃10份，鸡血藤5份，白芍20份。
将上述实施例按比例配合后，按本技术领域的惯常作法可制成粉剂或膏剂，每次涂撒本发明适量，至创面干燥无渗出，一般病人用药1-3次疼痛即可明显缓解，创面干燥无渗出。半月到一月创面可结痂愈合。而且疤痕小。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，其特征在于：该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄：20-60份，黄芩：10-60份，龙血竭2-40份，血余炭5-20份，棕榈炭10-30份，青黛5-15份，冰片2-10份，生石灰2-13份，黄连10-50份，当归5- 50份，白芷5-20份，甘草2-15份，紫草2-10份，血见愁5-60份，朱砂1-6份，马勃2-10份，鸡血藤5-20份，白芍2-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，其特征在于：该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄：30-50份，黄芩：20-50份，龙血竭10-35份，血余炭 5-15份，棕榈炭10-20份，青黛5-10份，冰片2-5份，生石灰2-10份，黄连20-45份，当归10-45份，白芷5-20份，甘草2-10份，紫草2-10份，血见愁5-60份，朱砂1-6份，马勃2-5份，鸡血藤5-10份，白芍2-15份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗烧烫伤的外用中药组合物，其特征在于：该组合物各原料药及其重量配比为：大黄：40，黄芩：40，龙血竭35，血余炭15份，棕榈炭15份，青黛10份，冰片5份，生石灰10份，黄连40份，当归40份，白芷20份，甘草10份，紫草10份，血见愁60份，朱砂5份，马勃5份，鸡血藤10份，白芍15份。
4.根据权力要求1至3中任一项所述的一种治疗烧烫伤疾病的外用中药组合物，其特征在于：该组合物可制成粉剂或就粉剂制成膏剂。
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| 中医药治疗烧伤的研究及其进展;韦东;《辽宁中医学院学报》;20031130;第5卷(第04期);388-390 * |
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| 韦东.中医药治疗烧伤的研究及其进展.《辽宁中医学院学报》.2003,第5卷(第04期),388-390. |
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