CN102576098A - Light-diffusing film, manufacturing method therefor, light-diffusing polarizing plate, and liquid-crystal display device - Google Patents

Light-diffusing film, manufacturing method therefor, light-diffusing polarizing plate, and liquid-crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102576098A
CN102576098A CN2010800390750A CN201080039075A CN102576098A CN 102576098 A CN102576098 A CN 102576098A CN 2010800390750 A CN2010800390750 A CN 2010800390750A CN 201080039075 A CN201080039075 A CN 201080039075A CN 102576098 A CN102576098 A CN 102576098A
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light
film
polarization plates
optical diffusion
resin
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羽场康弘
宫本知典
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
    • G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0268—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the fabrication or manufacturing method
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a light-diffusing film that is laminated on a substrate film and has a light-diffusing layer in which light-transmitting microparticles are diffused. Also provided are a method for manufacturing said light-diffusing film and a light-diffusing polarizing plate and liquid-crystal display device using said light-diffusing film. The ratio of the intensity of laser light transmitted from the light-diffusing layer side, in a direction 40 DEG off the normal direction, to the intensity of laser light incident upon the light-diffusing film from the substrate film side in the normal direction, said laser light having a wavelength of 543.5, is between 0.0002% and 0.001%. The transmission sharpness, summed over four optical combs, is between 70% and 180%. The total haze and internal haze levels are between 40% and 70%. The surface haze level due to the surface geometry of the light-diffusing layer is less than 2%. The centerline average roughness of the surface of the light-diffusing layer is no greater than 0.2 [mu]m.

Description

Optical diffusion film and manufacturing approach thereof, light diffusing polarization plates and liquid crystal indicator
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical diffusion film and manufacturing approach thereof.In addition, the present invention relates to use the light diffusing polarization plates and the liquid crystal indicator of this optical diffusion film.
Background technology
In recent years, liquid crystal indicator develops rapidly with the purposes in monitor, televisor, the liquid crystal projection apparatus etc. at mobile phone, computer.Liquid crystal indicator is generally with TN (Twisted Nematic; Twisted-nematic) pattern, VA (Vertical Alignment; Homeotropic alignment) pattern, IPS (In-PlaneSwitching; Coplane conversion) display mode such as pattern makes liquid crystal work, to the light through this liquid crystal carry out electric control and on picture the difference of performance light and shade, thereby demonstrate literal, image.
In the past, in liquid crystal indicator, pointed out to exist when the time, and can not get high-contrast, and the gray-scale inversion phenomenon that takes a turn for the worse because of the light and shade of image etc. can not get good problems such as display characteristic, the i.e. narrow problem in visual angle from tilted direction observation display frame.
As being used for solution to the problems described above, at present knownly recognize the technology that side surface is provided with optical diffusion film looking of liquid crystal indicator.For example, disclose among JP2007-94369-A and the JP2002-107512-A and had the optical diffusion film (light diffusing sheet) that contains the light diffusion layer of the high mist degree that the coating fluid of particulate forms through coating on base material.Through recognizing side surface looking of liquid crystal indicator this optical diffusion film is set, the contrast that can improve the image when tilted direction is observed the display frame of liquid crystal indicator reduces or the gray-scale inversion phenomenon, can widen the visual angle thus.
But; In existing optical diffusion film; If acquisition wide viewing angle and give sufficient light diffusing, then exist the transmission vividness of display image to reduce, the positive contrast of display image also decreases, to make whole image feel to bleach be so-called turning white (Japanese original text: problem white Chi や け) because of the surface diffuse reflectance of light diffusion layer produces simultaneously.Otherwise if will give sufficient transmission vividness, then light diffusing becomes insufficient, can't obtain wide viewing angle.
The present invention makes in order to solve above-mentioned problem; Its purpose is to provide and has sufficient light diffusing and sufficient transmission vividness concurrently; Thereby when being applied to liquid crystal indicator; The visual angle is wide and positive contrast display image is high, also can not produce caused optical diffusion film that turns white of surface diffuse reflectance and manufacturing approach thereof.In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide light diffusing polarization plates and the liquid crystal indicator that uses this optical diffusion film.
Summary of the invention
The present invention includes following technical scheme.
< 1>a kind of optical diffusion film possesses base material film and is layered on the said base material film and is dispersed with the light diffusion layer of light transmission particulate, wherein,
Along tilt 40 ° the intensity L of laser of direction and transmission from the normal direction of said light diffusion layer side 2Intensity L with the laser of the wavelength 543.5nm of said normal direction incident from said base material film side along optical diffusion film 1Ratio L 2/ L 1Be more than 0.0002% and below 0.001%,
The transmission vividness sum that obtains behind the light comb through 0.125mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 2.0mm is more than 70% and below 180%,
Total mist degree is more than 40% and below 70%, and internal haze is more than 40% and below 70%, and the surperficial mist degree that produces because of the surface configuration of said light diffusion layer is less than 2%,
The center line average roughness Ra on the surface of said light diffusion layer is below the 0.2 μ m.
< 2>like above-mentioned < 1>described optical diffusion film, wherein, said transmission vividness sum is more than 70% and below 150%.
< 3>like above-mentioned < 1>or < 2>described optical diffusion film, wherein, said surperficial mist degree is below 1%.
< 4>like each described optical diffusion film in above-mentioned < 1 >～< 3 >, wherein, said center line average roughness Ra is below the 0.1 μ m.
< 5>like each described optical diffusion film in above-mentioned < 1 >～< 4 >, wherein, the bed thickness of said light diffusion layer is more than 1 times and below 3 times with respect to the weight average particle diameter of said light transmission particulate.
< 6>like each described optical diffusion film in above-mentioned < 1 >～< 5 >, wherein, also possesses the anti-reflection layer that is layered on the said light diffusion layer.
< 7>a kind of manufacturing approach of optical diffusion film, it is the manufacturing approach of above-mentioned < 1>described optical diffusion film, wherein, comprising:
On said base material film the coating be dispersed with said light transmission particulate resin liquid step and
The minute surface of mould or male and fomale(M&F) are transferred to the step on the surface of the layer that forms by said resin liquid.
< 8>a kind of light diffusing polarization plates wherein, possesses:
At least have light polarizing film polarization plates and
Be layered in each described optical diffusion film in above-mentioned < 1 >～< 6>on the said polarization plates with said base material film side and said polarization plates mode in opposite directions.
< 9>like above-mentioned < 8>described light diffusing polarization plates, it is fitted by adhesive layer by said light polarizing film and said optical diffusion film and forms.
< 10>a kind of liquid crystal indicator wherein, is provided with back lighting device, light deflection mechanism, backlight side polarization plates, liquid crystal cells and above-mentioned < 8>or < 9>described light diffusing polarization plates successively.
< 11>like above-mentioned < 10>described liquid crystal indicator, wherein,
Said smooth deflection mechanism has 2 prism films, and said prism film is possessing a plurality of linear prisms with said backlight side polarization plates surface in opposite directions,
Prism film is provided with the mode of the axis of homology almost parallel of the direction of the crest line of its linear prism and said backlight side polarization plates, and another prism film is provided with the mode of the axis of homology almost parallel of the direction of the crest line of its linear prism and said light diffusing polarization plates.
< 12 >, wherein, between said back lighting device and said smooth deflection mechanism, also be provided with the light diffusion mechanism like above-mentioned < 10>or < 11>described liquid crystal indicator.
According to the present invention, the optical diffusion film and the light diffusing polarization plates that have sufficient light diffusing and good transmission vividness concurrently can be provided.Use this possess optical diffusion film of superior optical characteristics or the liquid crystal indicator of light diffusing polarization plates, demonstrate wide viewing angle and high positive contrast, and can prevent that surface diffuse reflectance is caused and turn white.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the constructed profile of a preference of expression optical diffusion film of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression optical diffusion film of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the normal direction incident laser that schematically shows from the base material film side; Mensuration when tilting 40 ° the transmitted scattered light intensity of laser of direction and transmission from light diffusion layer side normal direction, the stereographic map of the incident direction of laser and transmitted scattered light strength detection direction.
Fig. 4 is the constructed profile of the another preference of expression optical diffusion film of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of an example of the expression device that is used to make optical diffusion film of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the constructed profile of a preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the constructed profile of a preference of expression liquid crystal indicator of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the schematic isometric of the axial relation of transmission of crest line direction and the polarization plates of the linear prism that is used to explain that prism film has.
Fig. 9 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression liquid crystal indicator of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the light scattering angle (exit direction of the laser of transmission scattering is with respect to the inclination angle of the normal of optical diffusion film) and the figure of the relation of scattered light intensity relatively in the optical diffusion film of making among the expression embodiment 1.
Figure 11 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 18 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 19 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 21 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the constructed profile of another preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.
Embodiment
< optical diffusion film >
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the constructed profiles of representing the preference of optical diffusion film of the present invention respectively.Optical diffusion film 100,200 shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention and Fig. 2 possesses base material film 101 and is layered in the light diffusion layer 102 on the base material film 101.Light diffusion layer 102 is to be the layer of base material with translucent resin 103, forms through in translucent resin 103, disperseing light transmission particulate 104.In the optical diffusion film of the present invention, example as shown in Figure 1 is such, and the surface of light diffusion layer 102 can be made up of tabular surface; Example perhaps as shown in Figure 2 is such, and the center line average roughness Ra that states after needing only is below the 0.2 μ m, also can be made up of male and fomale(M&F).Below, optical diffusion film of the present invention is explained in more detail.
[optical characteristics of optical diffusion film]
(1) relative scattered light intensity
In the optical diffusion film of the present invention, along tilt 40 ° the intensity L of laser of direction and transmission from the normal direction of light diffusion layer 102 sides 2Intensity L with the laser of the wavelength 543.5nm of normal direction incident from base material film 101 sides along optical diffusion film 1Ratio L 2/ L 1(scattered light intensity relatively) is in the scope more than 0.0002% and below 0.001%.That is, with reference to figure 3, the normal A1 direction incident wavelength from base material film 101 sides of light-diffusing films along optical diffusion film is that 543.5nm, intensity are L 1Laser (directional light of He-Ne laser), measure along tilt 40 ° the transmitted scattered light intensity L of laser of direction A3 and transmission of the normal A2 direction from light diffusion layer 102 sides 2, the relative scattered light intensity L that obtains thus 2/ L 1In the scope more than 0.0002% and below 0.001%.The mensuration direction of transmitted scattered light intensity is a direction in the plane that comprises the normal of optical diffusion film (normal A1 and A2) direction from tilt 40 ° direction A3 of the normal A2 direction of light diffusion layer 102 sides promptly.
Relative scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Less than 0.0002% o'clock, light scattering property was insufficient, and the visual angle narrows down.In addition; Above 0.001% o'clock; Light scattering is strong excessively, thereby when this optical diffusion film is applied to liquid crystal indicator, for example when complete black demonstration; Since can be former thereby positive contrast is reduced to frontal scattering etc. with respect to the frontal of liquid crystal indicator by light diffusion layer from the oblique light that comes of spilling, the display quality variation.Relative scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Be preferably more than 0.0003% and below 0.0008%.
Relative scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Mensuration for using transparent adhesives on the optics, optical diffusion film is fitted on the glass substrate with its base material film 101 sides and obtains test sample and carry out.Thus, the warpage of film in the time of can preventing to measure improves and measures reappearance.
From the glass substrate face side of this test sample,, measure along tilt 40 ° the intensity of laser of direction A3 transmission of the normal direction from light diffusion layer 102 sides along the directional light (wavelength 543.5nm) of the normal direction incident He-Ne laser of optical diffusion film.The intensity of transmitted scattered light is relative scattered light intensity L divided by the value of the light intensity gained of light source 2/ L 1The mensuration of scattered light intensity is used light power meter (for example, " 3292 light power meter " of " 3,292 03 optical power sensor " of Yokogawa Electric Corporation's manufacturing and the manufacturing of this Co., Ltd.) relatively.
(2) transmission vividness
In the optical diffusion film of the present invention, the transmission vividness sum (hereinafter to be referred as " transmission vividness ") that obtains behind the light comb through 0.125mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 2.0mm is more than 70% and below 180%." the transmission vividness sum that obtains behind the light comb through 0.125mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 2.0mm " is meant; According to JIS K 7105, the ratio that uses dark portion and bright width is 1: 1 and its width 4 kinds of transmission vividness (as vividness) sums that the light comb is measured as 0.125mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 2.0mm.Therefore, the maximal value in this said " transmission vividness " is 400%.
The transmission vividness of optical diffusion film was less than 70% o'clock; Light scattering is strong excessively; Thereby when this optical diffusion film is applied to liquid crystal indicator; For example when complete white the demonstration, because the light of the frontal of liquid crystal indicator is can be by the excessive scattering of light diffusion layer etc. former thereby positive contrast is reduced, the display quality variation.In addition, the transmission vividness surpasses at 180% o'clock, produces the ripple of transmitted light owing to the interference of the matrix structure of the rule that colored filter had of the surface relief structure of the prism film of the backlight side of liquid crystal indicator and liquid crystal cells.The transmission vividness of optical diffusion film is preferably more than 70% and below 150%, more preferably more than 90% and below 140%.
The mensuration of the mensuration of transmission vividness and relative scattered light intensity likewise for using transparent adhesives on the optics, fits to optical diffusion film on the glass substrate with its base material film 101 sides and the test sample that obtains carries out.Thus, the warpage of film in the time of can preventing to measure improves and measures reappearance.As determinator, can use the image definition analyzer (for example, " ICM-1DP " of SUGA testing machine Co., Ltd. manufacturing) of JIS K 7105 regulations.
(3) mist degree
Total mist degree of optical diffusion film of the present invention is more than 40% and below 70%, and internal haze is more than 40% and below 70%.In addition, the surperficial mist degree that produces because of the surface configuration of light diffusion layer 102 is less than 2%.At this, " total mist degree " be mapped on the optical diffusion film according to expression illumination and total light transmittance (Tt) of the total amount of the light of transmission with by the optical diffusion film diffusion and the ratio of the diffusion light transmittance (Td) of transmission utilizes following formula (1) to obtain.
Total mist degree (%)=(Td/Tt) * 100 (1)
Total light transmittance (Tt) be the parallel rays transmissivity (Tp) that keeps and transmission coaxial with incident light with diffusion light transmittance (Td) and.Total light transmittance (Tt) and diffusion light transmittance (Td) are based on JIS K 7361 and the value of mensuration.
In addition, " internal haze " of optical diffusion film is meant the mist degree the mist degree (surperficial mist degree) that produces except the surface configuration because of light diffusion layer 102 in total mist degree.
Total mist degree and/or internal haze were less than 40% o'clock, and light scattering property is insufficient, and the visual angle narrows down.In addition; Total mist degree and/or internal haze were above 70% o'clock; Light scattering is strong excessively, when therefore this optical diffusion film being applied to liquid crystal indicator, for example when deceiving demonstration entirely; Since can be former thereby positive contrast is reduced to frontal scattering etc. with respect to the frontal of liquid crystal indicator by light diffusion layer from the oblique light that comes of spilling, the display quality variation.In addition, total mist degree and/or internal haze surpass at 70% o'clock, and the transparency of optical diffusion film has impaired tendency.Total mist degree and internal haze is preferably more than 50% respectively and below 65%.
In addition, the surperficial mist degree that produces because of the surface configuration of light diffusion layer 102 surpasses at 2% o'clock, turns white owing to surface diffuse reflectance produces.Turn white in order more effectively to prevent, surperficial mist degree is preferably below 1%.
Total mist degree of optical diffusion film, internal haze and surperficial mist degree are particularly measured as follows.That is, at first, for preventing the warpage of film, using transparent adhesives on the optics, is that the mode on surface fits to its base material film 101 sides on the glass substrate with light diffusion layer 102 with optical diffusion film, makes test sample, and this test sample is measured total haze value.For total haze value; The mist degree transmissivity meter of use JIS K 7136 regulations (for example; The haze meter " HM-150 " that dye technology research institute of Murakami K. K. makes), measures total light transmittance (Tt) and diffusion light transmittance (Td), utilize above-mentioned formula (1) to calculate total haze value.
Then, use glycerine that mist degree is roughly the surface that 0% tri acetyl cellulose film fits to light diffusion layer 102, likewise measure mist degree with the mensuration of above-mentioned total mist degree.Because the tri acetyl cellulose film that the surperficial mist degree that produces because of the surface configuration of light diffusion layer 102 is fitted is basically offset, thereby this mist degree can be regarded " internal haze " of optical diffusion film as.Therefore, " the surperficial mist degree " of optical diffusion film can be obtained through following formula (2).
Surface mist degree (%)=total mist degree (%)-internal haze (%) (2)
[surface configuration of optical diffusion film]
In the optical diffusion film of the present invention, the center line average roughness Ra on light diffusion layer 102 surfaces (with the surface of base material film 101 opposition sides) that record according to JIS B 0601 is below the 0.2 μ m, is preferably below the 0.1 μ m.When the center line average roughness Ra on light diffusion layer 102 surfaces surpassed 0.2 μ m, turning white became remarkable.The center line average roughness Ra that records according to JIS B 0601 is meant; The direction of its average line extracts datum length l just from the roughness curve upper edge; The direction of getting the average line of this extraction part is the x axle, vertically the direction of multiple is the y axle; During with Y=f (x) expression roughness curve, the value of obtaining by following formula (3) with micron (μ m) unit representation and the roughness that obtains.
Ra = 1 l &Integral; 0 l { f ( x ) } dx - - - ( 3 )
Center line average roughness Ra can use the copolymerization parch of JIS B 0601 regulation (for example to relate to microscope; " the PL μ 2300 " of the オ プ テ イ カ of Co., Ltd. Le ソ リ ユ one シ ヨ Application manufactured), utilization can be calculated based on the program software of aforementioned calculation formula (3) calculating Ra.
Then, the formation of optical diffusion film of the present invention with above-mentioned optical characteristics and surface configuration is explained more specifically.
[base material film]
As the base material film that uses among the present invention 101,, can use for example glass or plastic foil etc. so long as light transmissive film gets final product.As plastic foil, as long as have the transparency, the physical strength of appropriateness.Particularly, can enumerate for example polyolefin resins such as polyester resin, tygon, polypropylene such as TAC acetyl celluloses such as (tri acetyl celluloses) resinoid, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polyethylene terephthalate etc.The bed thickness of base material film 101 for example is 10～500 μ m, is preferably 20～300 μ m.
[light diffusion layer]
Optical diffusion film of the present invention possesses the light diffusion layer 102 that is layered on the base material film 101.Light diffusion layer 102 is to be the layer of base material with translucent resin 103, forms through in translucent resin 103, disperseing light transmission particulate 104.As stated, the center line average roughness Ra on light diffusion layer 102 surfaces (with the surface of base material film 101 opposition sides) that record according to JIS B 0601 is below the 0.2 μ m, is preferably below the 0.1 μ m.In addition, can have other layers (comprising adhesive layer) between base material film 101 and the light diffusion layer 102.
As translucent resin 103; Light transmission is then not special to be limited as long as have, and can use solidfied material, the thermoplastic resin of ionizing radiation gel-type resin such as ultraviolet curing resin, electron ray curing type resin for example or thermohardening type resin, the solidfied material of metal alkoxide etc.Wherein, from having high rigidity, can giving the viewpoint consideration of higher mar resistance, preferred ionizing radiation gel-type resin as being arranged on the lip-deep optical diffusion film of liquid crystal indicator.When using ionizing radiation gel-type resin, thermohardening type resin or metal alkoxide, make this resin solidification form translucent resin 103 through utilizing ionizing radiation irradiation or heating.
As the ionizing radiation gel-type resin, can enumerate: polyfunctional acrylic esters such as the acrylic ester of polyvalent alcohol or methacrylate; By synthetic polyfunctional carbamate acrylic ester such as the hydroxy ester of diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol and acrylic or methacrylic acid etc.In addition, except that these, can also use polyether resin, vibrin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, spiral shell acetal resin, polybutadiene, polymercaptan polyenoid resin of the functional group with esters of acrylic acid etc.
As the thermohardening type resin, except the thermohardening type urethane resin that forms by acrylic ester polyvalent alcohol and isocyanate prepolymer, can also enumerate phenolics, urea melamine, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, silicone resin.
As thermoplastic resin, can enumerate cellulose derivatives such as acetylcellulose, NC Nitroncellulose, acetyl tributyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, methylcellulose; Vinyl-based resins such as vinyl acetate and multipolymer thereof, vinyl chloride and multipolymer thereof, vinylidene chloride and multipolymer thereof; Acetal-based resin such as PVF, polyvinyl butyral; Acrylic resins such as acryl resin and multipolymer thereof, methacrylic resin and multipolymer thereof; Polystyrene resins; Polyamide-based resin; Polyester resin; Polycarbonate resin etc.
As metal alkoxide, can use with the material of silanol salt to be silica type matrix of raw material etc.Particularly, tetramethoxy-silicane, tetraethoxysilane etc. are arranged, can obtain inorganic or the compound matrix of organic-inorganic (translucent resin) through hydrolysis, dehydrating condensation.
In addition, as the light transmission particulate 104 that uses among the present invention, can use organic fine particles or inorganic particles with light transmission.The inorganic particles that can enumerate the organic fine particles that for example constitutes, constitute by lime carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, barium carbonate, barium sulphate, titanium dioxide, glass etc. etc. by acryl resin, melamine resin, tygon, polystyrene, organic silicone resin, acrylic acid-styrol copolymer etc.In addition, also can use the ball or the glass hollow bead of organic polymer.Light transmission particulate 104 can be made up of a kind of particulate, also can contain the particulate more than 2 kinds.The shape of light transmission particulate 104 can be any one in spherical, flat, tabular, needle-like, the indefinite shape etc., and is preferred spherical or approximate spherical.
At this, the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104 is preferably more than the 0.5 μ m and below the 15 μ m, more preferably more than the 4 μ m and below the 8 μ m.The weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104 can not make the abundant scattering of visible light of wavelength coverage 380nm to 800nm during less than 0.5 μ m, and the light diffusing of optical diffusion film is insufficient, relatively scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Do not reach more than 0.0002%, the result can not get wide viewing angle sometimes.In addition, when weight average particle diameter surpasses 15 μ m, as if being adjusted to the transmission vividness more than 70% and below 180%, a little less than then light scattering became, thereby can not get sufficient light scattering property, relative scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Equally sometimes, do not reach more than 0.0002%.
The standard deviation of the particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104 is preferably below 0.5 with the ratio (standard deviation/weight average particle diameter) of weight average particle diameter, more preferably below 0.4.This contains the great particulate of particle diameter than surpassing at 0.5 o'clock in light transmission particulate, can make the surperficial multiple overshooting shape defective of light diffusion layer, and the surperficial mist degree of optical diffusion film and/or center line average roughness Ra can depart from the scope of afore mentioned rules sometimes.In addition, the standard deviation of the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104 and particle diameter uses the Coulter Multisizer (Beckman Coulter Inc.'s system) that utilizes Coulter principle (aperture electric-resistivity method) to measure.
The content of the light transmission particulate 104 in the light diffusion layer 102 is preferably more than 25 weight portions with respect to 100 weight portions of translucent resin 103 and below 60 weight portions, and more preferably 30 weight portions are above and below 50 weight portions.During less than 25 weight portions, the light diffusing of optical diffusion film is insufficient with respect to translucent resin 100 weight portions for the content of light transmission particulate 104, relatively scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Do not reach more than 0.0002%, the result can not get wide viewing angle, and in addition, the transmission vividness surpasses 180%, and the result produces ripple sometimes.In addition, when the content of light transmission particulate 104 surpasses 60 weight portions with respect to translucent resin 100 weight portions, relative scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Surpass 0.001%, or total mist degree and/or internal haze surpass 70%, result, the reduction of the transparency that produces reduction or the optical diffusion film of positive contrast sometimes.
The refractive index of light transmission particulate 104 is preferably greater than the refractive index of translucent resin 103, and its difference is preferably 0.04 to 0.15 scope.Refringence through making light transmission particulate 104 and translucent resin 103 is in above-mentioned scope; Utilize the light transmission particulate 104 and the refringence of translucent resin 103 to produce the scattering-in of appropriateness; In the scope that easily the total mist degree and the internal haze of optical diffusion film is controlled at afore mentioned rules; And can moderately suppress the transmission vividness, be controlled at easily in the scope of afore mentioned rules.
In addition, the surface of light diffusion layer (with the surface of base material film 101 opposition sides) preferably only formed by translucent resin 103.That is, preferred light transmission particulate 104 is not given prominence to from light diffusion layer 102 surfaces and is buried fully in light diffusion layer 102.Therefore, the bed thickness of light diffusion layer 102 is preferably more than 1 times with respect to the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104 and below 3 times.The bed thickness of light diffusion layer 102 is difficult to the surperficial mist degree of optical diffusion film is controlled in the above-mentioned scope during less than 1 times of the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104, produces sometimes thus and turns white.In addition, when the bed thickness of light diffusion layer 102 surpassed 3 times of weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104, the thickness of light diffusion layer 102 became blocked up, and it is strong that the light diffusing of optical diffusion film also became thereupon, therefore scattered light intensity L relatively 2/ L 1Surpass 0.001%, the result, positive sometimes contrast reduces.
The bed thickness of light diffusion layer 102 is preferably the scope of 1～30 μ m.The bed thickness of light diffusion layer 102 is during less than 1 μ m, can not recognize the optical diffusion film of side surface and gives desired sufficient mar resistance being arranged on looking of liquid crystal indicator sometimes.In addition, when bed thickness surpassed 30 μ m, the amount of the bending that produces on the optical diffusion film of made increased, and fitted to other films or the substrate operability variation when first-class.
In addition, optical diffusion film 300 that kind that optical diffusion film of the present invention can be as shown in Figure 4 possess the resin bed 105 that is made up of translucent resin that is layered on the light diffusion layer 102.Under this situation, the center line average roughness Ra on the surface of resin bed 105 is set at below the 0.2 μ m.
In addition, optical diffusion film of the present invention can further possess the anti-reflection layer that is layered in (with the surface of base material film 101 opposition sides) on the light diffusion layer 102.Anti-reflection layer can be formed directly on the diffusion barrier, also can prepare on hyaline membrane, to be formed with the antireflection film of anti-reflection layer in addition, and it is stacked on the diffusion barrier with bonding agent or adhesive layer.Anti-reflection layer is provided with in order ad infinitum to reduce reflectivity, through the formation of anti-reflection layer, can prevent the reflection in the display frame.As anti-reflection layer, can enumerate the low-index layer that constitutes by refractive index ratio light diffusion layer 102 low materials; The stepped construction of the high refractive index layer that constitutes by refractive index ratio light diffusion layer 102 high materials and the low-index layer that constitutes by the low material of this high refractive index layer of refractive index ratio etc.When using bonding agent or tackifier to be laminated to antireflection film on the diffusion barrier, can use commercially available antireflection film.
In addition, optical diffusion film of the present invention as long as the center line average roughness Ra on light diffusion layer 102 surfaces is below the 0.2 μ m, can further possess the layer with concave-convex surface that is layered in (with the surface of base material film 101 opposition sides) on the light diffusion layer 102.Layer with concave-convex surface can be formed directly on the diffusion barrier, also can prepare on hyaline membrane, to be formed with the film with concave-convex surface of the layer with concave-convex surface in addition, and it is stacked on the diffusion barrier with bonding agent or adhesive layer.
As layer, can enumerate for example antiglare layer with concave-convex surface.Antiglare layer comes the reflection in the display frame to be provided with in order to utilize lip-deep diffuse reflection to reduce.When on light diffusion layer 102, antiglare layer being set, can use known method, for example, can obtain through on light diffusion layer 102, containing the ultraviolet-curing resin composition of light transmission particulate and be cured with film like coating.When using bonding agent or tackifier to be layered in antiglare film on the diffusion barrier, can use commercially available antiglare film, also can be produced on the antiglare film that is formed with antiglare layer on the hyaline membrane according to above-mentioned method.
[manufacturing approach of optical diffusion film]
Then, the method that is used to make optical diffusion film of the present invention is described.Optical diffusion film of the present invention is preferably through comprising the steps that (A) and (B) method make.
(A) on base material film 101 coating be dispersed with light transmission particulate 104 resin liquid step and
(B) minute surface of roller mould or the step of male and fomale(M&F) on the surface of the layer that forms by above-mentioned resin liquid.
Other compositions such as solvent that the resin liquid of using in the above-mentioned steps (A) contains light transmission particulate 104, constitutes the translucent resin 103 of light diffusion layer 102 or form its resin (for example, ionizing radiation gel-type resin, thermohardening type resin or metal alkoxide) and use as required.Use ultraviolet curing resin when forming the resin of translucent resin 103, above-mentioned resin liquid contains Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater (radical polymerization initiator).As Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, can use for example acetophenones Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, benzoin class Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, benzophenone Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, thioxanthene ketone Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, triazines Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, oxadiazole class Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater etc.In addition, as Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, for example can also use 2; 4,6-trimethylbenzene formyl diphenyl phosphine oxide, 2,2 '-two (Chloro-O-Phenyl)-4; 4 ', 5,5 '-tetraphenyl-1; 2 '-bisglyoxaline, 10-butyl-2-chloro-acridine ketone, 2-EAQ, benzil, 9,10-phenanthrenequione, camphorquinone, phenyl glyoxalic acid methylester, two cyclopentadiene titanium compounds etc.The use amount of Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater is generally 0.5～20 weight portion with respect to the resin that contains in the resin liquid 100 weight portions, is preferably 1～5 weight portion.In addition, for optical characteristics and the surface configuration homogeneous that makes optical diffusion film, the dispersion of the light transmission particulate 104 in the resin solution is preferably isotropy and disperses.
The coating of above-mentioned resin liquid on base material film can be licked rubbing method, mould Tu Fa etc. and carry out through for example intaglio plate rubbing method, nick version coating rubbing method, scraper rubbing method, scraper rubbing method, airblade coating method, roller.During the coating of resin liquid, as stated, be more than 1 times with respect to the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate 104 preferably and the mode below 3 times is regulated coating film thickness with the thickness of light diffusion layer 102.
For the connectivity of coating or the improvement and the light diffusion layer 102 of improved resin liquid, can implement various surface treatments to the surface (light diffusion layer side surface) of base material film 101.As surface treatment, can enumerate Corona discharge Treatment, glow discharge processing, acid surfaces processing, alkali surface treatment, ultraviolet treatment with irradiation etc.In addition, for example also can on base material film, form other layers such as plasmasphere, again coating resin liquid on this other layer.
In addition; With optical diffusion film of the present invention as after the diaphragm of the light polarizing film stated when using; In order to improve the connectivity of base material film 101 and light polarizing film, preferably make surface (with the surface of the light diffusion layer opposition side) hydrophiling of base material film 101 in advance through various surface treatments.
In the above-mentioned steps (B), the minute surface or the male and fomale(M&F) of roller mould on the surface of the layer that forms by above-mentioned resin liquid.Particularly, for this minute surface of the mould (mirror surface mould) that obtains the light diffusion layer with flat surfaces shown in Figure 1, make having minute surface with forms by above-mentioned resin liquid layer the surface be close to and the transfer printing minute surface.In addition, for this male and fomale(M&F) of the mould (embossing die for processing) that obtains the light diffusion layer with convex-concave surface shape shown in Figure 2, make having male and fomale(M&F) with forms by above-mentioned resin liquid layer the surface be close to and the transfer printing male and fomale(M&F).Mirror surface mould can be a mirror metal system roller, and in addition, the embossing die for processing can be that the metallic roller is used in embossing processing.Like this, the surface through minute surface or male and fomale(M&F) with mould are transferred to light diffusion layer 102 can prevent reliably that the light transmission particulate from protruding in the light diffusion layer surface, can form the light diffusion layer with desired surface configuration.
Use ionizing radiation gel-type resin, thermohardening type resin or metal alkoxide when forming the resin of translucent resin 103; The layer that formation is made up of above-mentioned resin liquid; And carry out drying (remove desolvate) as required; The state of being close on the surface of the minute surface that makes mould or male and fomale(M&F) and the layer that formed by this resin liquid is being down or after being close to, the layer curing that irradiation (using under the situation of ionizing radiation gel-type resin) or the heating (using under the situation of thermohardening type resin or metal alkoxide) through ionizing radiation forms resin liquid.As ionizing radiation; Can be according to the kind of the contained resin of resin liquid; From ultraviolet ray, electron ray, near ultraviolet ray, visible light, near infrared ray, infrared ray, X ray etc., suitably select; Wherein preferred ultraviolet ray, electron ray are particularly from easy and simple to handle and can obtain high-octane angle and consider preferred ultraviolet ray.
As ultraviolet light source, can use for example low pressure mercury lamp, medium pressure mercury lamp, high-pressure sodium lamp, ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, carbon arc lamp, metal halide lamp, xenon lamp etc.In addition, also can use ArF excimer laser, KrF excimer laser, Excimer lamp or synchrotron radiation light etc.Wherein, preferably use ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, high-pressure sodium lamp, low pressure mercury lamp, xenon lamp, metal halide lamp.
In addition; As electron ray, can enumerate the electron ray of the energy of launching by the various electron ray accelerators of Ke Keluofu-Walton, Ernest Thomas Sinton type, model De Graff type, resonance transformation type, insulating core transformation type, linear pattern, high-frequency and high-voltage type, high-frequency type etc. with 50～1000keV, preferred 100～300keV.
Then, the preferred implementation that is used to make optical diffusion film of the present invention is described.In order to make optical diffusion film of the present invention continuously, the manufacturing approach of this preferred implementation comprises: the step that the base material film 101 of coiling tubular is exported continuously, coating are dispersed with the resin liquid of light transmission particulate 104 and carry out dry step as required, make layer step of curing that is formed by resin liquid and the step that the optical diffusion film of gained is reeled.This manufacturing approach can use manufacturing installation for example shown in Figure 5 to implement.Below, describe with reference to the manufacturing approach of 5 pairs of these preferred implementations of figure.
At first, utilize decoiling equipment 501 with base material film 101 uncoiling continuously.Then, use apparatus for coating 502 to reach and its backing roll 503 in opposite directions, coating is dispersed with the resin liquid of light transmission particulate 104 on the base material film after the uncoiling 101.Then, in resin liquid, contain under the situation of solvent, it is passed through in dryer 504, dry thus.Then, the mode of the base material film 101 that is provided with the layer that is formed by resin liquid being close to metallic roller 505 with the formed layer of this resin liquid and mirror metal system roller or embossing processing is wound up into mirror metal system roller or embossing is processed with between metallic roller 505 and the niproll 506.Thus, the surface that is transferred to the layer that is formed by resin liquid with the male and fomale(M&F) of metallic roller is processed in the minute surface or the embossing of mirror metal system roller.Then, base material film 101 be wound on mirror metal system roller or embossing processing with the state on the metallic roller 505 under, see through base material film 101 from ultraviolet lamp 508 irradiation ultraviolet radiations, the layer curing that resin liquid is formed.Because ultraviolet irradiation can make shadow surface reach a high temperature, thus mirror metal system roller or embossing processing with metallic roller 505 preferably within it portions be provided with and be used for its surface temperature is adjusted to the cooling device about room temperature～80 ℃.In addition, ultraviolet lamp 508 can use 1 table apparatus or many table apparatus.The base material film 101 (optical diffusion film) that is formed with light diffusion layer 102 is stripped from roller 507 and is peeled off with metallic roller 505 from mirror metal system roller or embossing processing.The optical diffusion film of as above making is winding on the collecting device 509.At this moment, from the purpose of protection light diffusion layer 102, can be by adhesive phase with releasable, the limit is pasted the diaphragm limit that is formed by polyethylene terephthalate or tygon etc. and is reeled on light diffusion layer 102 surfaces.
In addition, utilize stripper roll 507 to peel off with metallic roller 505 from mirror metal system roller or embossing processing after, can append ultraviolet ray and shine.In addition; Replacement is carried out ultraviolet ray in the mirror metal system of being wound in roller or embossing processing under with the state on the metallic roller 505 and is shone; Also can with the base material film 101 that is formed with the layer that constitutes by uncured resin liquid from mirror metal system roller or embossing process peel off with metallic roller 505 after, irradiation ultraviolet radiation makes its curing again.
When making optical diffusion film of the present invention, for the various rerum naturas that make optical diffusion film in the scope of the present invention's regulation, for example can utilize following method to carry out.
At first, select the resin of above-mentioned base material film, light transmission particulate, translucent resin or formation translucent resin arbitrarily, make optical diffusion film through said method, and measure the various rerum natura (L of the optical diffusion film of gained 2/ L 1, transmission vividness, total mist degree, internal haze, center line average roughness Ra, surperficial mist degree etc.).Then; Its value and desired value or target range are compared; Under the situation of the value of departing from objectives,, regulate any condition more than 1 or 2 in the surfaceness of weight average particle diameter, light diffusion layer of thickness, the light transmission particulate of content, the light diffusion layer of refringence, the light transmission particulate of for example light transmission particulate and translucent resin according to following benchmark (1)～(5) according to each rerum natura; Make optical diffusion film once more, and measure its various rerum naturas.Repeat this operation and demonstrate all types of target rerum natura, can obtain the target light diffusion barrier thus up to the optical diffusion film of gained.
When (1) increasing the refringence of light transmission particulate and translucent resin, L 2/ L 1Value the tendency that becomes big is arranged, the value of total mist degree has the tendency that becomes big.Otherwise, when reducing the refringence of light transmission particulate and translucent resin, L 2/ L 1Value the tendency that diminishes is arranged, the value of total mist degree has the tendency that diminishes.In addition, the adjusting of the refringence of light transmission particulate and translucent resin can be carried out through changing employed light transmission particle species and/or translucent resin kind.
When (2) increasing the content of light transmission particulate, L 2/ L 1Value the tendency that becomes big is arranged, the value of transmission vividness has the tendency that diminishes, the value of total mist degree has the tendency that becomes big, the value of center line average roughness Ra has the tendency that becomes big.Otherwise, when reducing the content of light transmission particulate, L 2/ L 1Value the tendency that diminishes is arranged, the value of transmission vividness has the tendency that becomes big, the value of total mist degree has the tendency that diminishes, the value of center line average roughness Ra has the tendency that diminishes.
When (3) increasing the thickness of light diffusion layer, L 2/ L 1Value the tendency that becomes big is arranged, the value of transmission vividness has the tendency that diminishes, the value of total mist degree has the tendency that becomes big, the value of internal haze has the tendency that becomes big, the value of center line average roughness Ra has the tendency that diminishes.Otherwise, when reducing the thickness of light diffusion layer, L 2/ L 1Value the tendency that diminishes is arranged, the value of transmission vividness has the tendency that becomes big, the value of total mist degree has the tendency that diminishes, the value of internal haze has the tendency that diminishes, the value of center line average roughness Ra has the tendency that becomes big.
When (4) increasing the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate, the value of internal haze has the tendency that diminishes, and the value of center line average roughness Ra has the tendency that becomes big.Otherwise when reducing the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate, the value of internal haze has the tendency that becomes big, and the value of center line average roughness Ra has the tendency that diminishes.
When (5) reducing value poor of value and internal haze of total mist degree, the value of surperficial mist degree diminishes, otherwise when increasing value poor of value and internal haze of total mist degree, it is big that the value of surperficial mist degree becomes.
< light diffusing polarization plates >
Above-mentioned optical diffusion film of the present invention through making up with polarization plates, can obtain the light diffusing polarization plates.The light diffusing polarization plates is the multifunctional membrane with polarization function and anti-dazzle (light diffusion) function.Light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention possesses the polarization plates that has light polarizing film at least and is layered in the optical diffusion film of the invention described above on this polarization plates by adhesive phase or adhesive layer with base material film side and this polarization plates mode in opposite directions.Polarization plates can have existing known formation, and for example, generally the single or double in light polarizing film has diaphragm.In addition, polarization plates also can be a light polarizing film itself.Fig. 6 is the constructed profile of a preference of expression light diffusing polarization plates of the present invention.Light diffusing polarization plates 600 shown in Figure 6 possesses: light polarizing film 601, stick on the diaphragm 602 on the face of light polarizing film 601 and stick on the optical diffusion film 100 on another face.Optical diffusion film 100 is pasted with light polarizing film 601 mode in opposite directions of its base material film 101 sides and polarization plates.Optical diffusion film 100 and diaphragm 602 stick on the light polarizing film 601 by not shown adhesive layer.Even the formation of pasting light polarizing film and optical diffusion film by adhesive layer like this is with the constitute filmization that be beneficial to light diffusing polarization plates of optical diffusion film as the diaphragm of light polarizing film.
As light polarizing film 601; The film that for example can enumerate on the film that is formed by polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetate resins, ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) resin, polyamide, polyester resin etc. absorption orientation dichroic dye or iodine and obtain contains the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyvinylene multipolymer of the strand after the orientation of dichromatism dehydration product (polyvinylene) of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) etc. in the polyvinyl alcohol film behind molecular orientation.The film that particularly on the polyvinyl alcohol resin film, adsorbs orientation dichroic dye or iodine and obtain is suitable as light polarizing film and uses.The thickness of light polarizing film is not special to be limited, and generally considers from the viewpoints such as slimming of polarization plates, is preferably below the 100 μ m, and the scope of 10～50 μ m more preferably further is preferably the scope of 25～35 μ m.
As the diaphragm 602 of light polarizing film 601, the film that good polymkeric substance such as preferably low and transparent by birefringence, physical strength, thermal stability, the isolated property of moisture form.As such film, can enumerate acetyl cellulose resinoids such as (tri acetyl celluloses) with for example TAC; Acrylic resin; Fluorine resins such as tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene analog copolymer; Polycarbonate resin; Polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate; Polyimide based resin; The polysulfones resin; The polyether sulfone resin; Polystyrene resins; Polyvinyl alcohol resin; Polyvinyl chloride resin; Ester moulding such as polyolefin resin or polyamide-based resin is processed as membranaceous and film that obtain.Wherein, consider, can preferably use the surface to carry out tri acetyl cellulose film or the ENB analog thermoplastic resin molding after saponification is handled with alkali etc. from aspects such as polarized light property, permanance.Therefore ENB analog thermoplastic resin molding can significantly improve the permanance of polarization plates because humidity resistance is high, and because hydroscopicity is little, so dimensional stability is high, preferred especially.The shaping processing of film can be used existing known method such as The tape casting, rolling process, extrusion molding; The thickness of diaphragm is unqualified, considers from the viewpoints such as filmization of polarization plates, is preferably below the 500 μ m; The scope of 5～300 μ m more preferably further is preferably the scope of 5～150 μ m.
The light diffusing polarization plates that more than constitutes in the time of typically in being installed to liquid crystal indicator, is that the mode of light exit side (look and recognize side) pastes by adhesive phase etc. on the glass substrate of liquid crystal panel and is assembled in the liquid crystal indicator with the optical diffusion film.
In addition, the light diffusing polarization plates can further possess the anti-reflection layer that is layered on the light diffusion layer.As the light diffusing polarization plates that possesses anti-reflection layer, for example can enumerate: the direct range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 11) that anti-reflection layer 106 is arranged on the surface of the light diffusion layer that constitutes by tabular surface 102; On the surface of the light diffusion layer that constitutes by tabular surface 102 by the range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 12) that the antireflection film that duplexer by hyaline membrane 107 and anti-reflection layer 106 constitutes is arranged of adhesive layer or adhesive phase 108; The direct range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 13) that anti-reflection layer 106 is arranged on surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102; On surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102 by the range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 14) that the antireflection film that duplexer by hyaline membrane 107 and anti-reflection layer 106 constitutes is arranged of adhesive layer or adhesive phase 108; The direct range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 15) that anti-reflection layer 106 is arranged on the surface of the resin bed that constitutes by translucent resin 105 that is laminated in surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102; On the surface of the resin bed that constitutes by translucent resin 105 that is laminated in surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102 by the range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 16) that the antireflection film that duplexer by hyaline membrane 107 and anti-reflection layer 106 constitutes is arranged of adhesive layer or adhesive phase 108 etc.
In addition, the light diffusing polarization plates can further possess the layer that antiglare layer of being layered on the light diffusion layer etc. has concave-convex surface.As the light diffusing polarization plates that possesses layer, for example can enumerate: the directly range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 17) that layer 801 with concave-convex surface is arranged on the surface of the light diffusion layer that constitutes by tabular surface 102 with concave-convex surface; On the surface of the light diffusion layer that constitutes by tabular surface 102 by the range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 18) that the film that duplexer by hyaline membrane 107 and the layer 801 with concave-convex surface constitutes is arranged of adhesive layer or adhesive phase 108; The directly range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 19) that layer 801 with concave-convex surface is arranged on surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102; On surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102 by the range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 20) that the film that duplexer by hyaline membrane 107 and the layer 801 with concave-convex surface constitutes is arranged of adhesive layer or adhesive phase 108; The directly range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 21) that layer 801 with concave-convex surface is arranged on the surface of the resin bed that constitutes by translucent resin 105 that is laminated in surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102; On the surface of the resin bed that constitutes by translucent resin 105 that is laminated in surface with concavo-convex light diffusion layer 102 by the range upon range of light diffusing polarization plates (with reference to Figure 22) that the film that duplexer by hyaline membrane 107 and the layer 801 with concave-convex surface constitutes is arranged of adhesive layer or adhesive phase 108 etc.
< liquid crystal indicator >
Then, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is described.Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is provided with the light diffusing polarization plates of back lighting device, light deflection mechanism, backlight side polarization plates, liquid crystal cells and the invention described above successively.Fig. 7 is the constructed profile of a preference of expression liquid crystal indicator of the present invention.The liquid crystal indicator of Fig. 7 is the liquid crystal indicator of the TN mode of normal white mode, through set gradually back lighting device 702, light diffusing sheet 703, as the light deflection mechanism 2 prism film 704a, 704b, backlight side polarization plates 705, liquid crystal cells 701 that liquid crystal layer 712 forms is set between a pair of transparency carrier 711a, 711b, and recognizes lateral deviation vibration plate 706 and form with the light diffusing polarization plates that optical diffusion film 707 of the present invention constitutes by looking.
As shown in Figure 8, backlight side polarization plates 705 is recognized lateral deviation vibration plate 706 and is provided with the be orthogonal mode of relation of polarisation of their axis of homology with looking.In addition, the surface of 2 prism film 704a, 704b light incident side (back lighting device side) separately is a tabular surface, on the surface of light exit side (look and recognize side) (with backlight side polarization plates 705 surface in opposite directions), is formed with a plurality of linear prism 741a, 741b abreast.And; Prism film 704a is provided with the parallel in fact mode of the axis of homology direction of backlight side polarization plates 705 with the direction of the crest line 742a of its linear prism 741a, and prism film 704b is provided with the parallel in fact mode of axis of homology direction of recognizing lateral deviation vibration plate 706 of looking that constitutes the light diffusing polarization plates with the direction of the crest line 742b of its linear prism 741b.But; Also can be provided with the parallel in fact mode of the axis of homology direction of backlight side polarization plates 705, and be provided with the parallel in fact mode of axis of homology direction of recognizing lateral deviation vibration plate 706 of looking that constitutes the light diffusing polarization plates with the direction of the crest line 742a of the linear prism 741a of prism film 704a with the direction of the crest line 742b of the linear prism 741b of prism film 704b.Below, the member of formation that constitutes liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is explained in more detail.
[liquid crystal cells]
Liquid crystal cells 701 possesses: separate predetermined distance and a pair of transparency carrier 711a, 711b that is provided with in opposite directions and the liquid crystal layer 712 that the inclosure liquid crystal forms between this a pair of transparency carrier 711a, 711b by partition.A pair of transparency carrier 711a, last range upon range of respectively transparency electrode and the alignment films of being formed with of 711b make liquid crystal aligning through between transparency electrode, applying voltage based on video data.The display mode of liquid crystal cells 701 is the TN mode in above-mentioned example, but also can use display modes such as IPS mode, VA mode.
[back lighting device]
Back lighting device 702 possesses: the housing 721 of the rectangular shape of top opening and the cold-cathode tube 722 as line source that many are set up in parallel in housing 721.Housing 721 is shaped by resin material or metal material and forms, and considers that in the viewpoint that reflection takes place the housing inner peripheral surface preferably the housing inner peripheral surface is white or silver color at least from the light that makes cold-cathode tube 722 radiation.As light source, except that cold-cathode tube, also can use the LED of different shapes such as wire shape etc.When using line source, the radical of set line source is not special to be limited, and considers that from the viewpoints such as brightness disproportionation that suppress light-emitting area preferably the center distance of the line source of adjacency is the scope of 15mm to 150mm.In addition, the back lighting device 702 that uses among the present invention is not limited to direct-injection type back lighting device shown in Figure 7, can use various back lighting devices such as lateral type that line source or pointolite are set in the side of LGP or plane light source type.
[light diffusion mechanism]
Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention can possess be arranged between back lighting device 702 and the light deflection mechanism, as the light diffusing sheet 703 of light diffusion mechanism.Light diffusing sheet 703 is film or sheets that the dispersing and mixing diffusant forms in base material.As this base material, can use polycarbonate resin, methacrylic resin, methyl methacrylate and cinnamic copolymer resin, vinyl cyanide and cinnamic copolymer resin, methacrylic acid and vibrin such as polyolefin resines such as cinnamic copolymer resin, polystyrene resin, Corvic, polypropylene or polymethylpentene, cyclic polyolefin resin, polyethylene terephthalate or PEN, polyamide-based resin, polyarylate resin, polyimide based resin etc.In addition, the light diffusion mechanism also can be also with light diffusing sheet and optical diffusion film.
In addition; Diffusant as mixed and dispersed in the base material; Can enumerate: by the organic fine particles that constitutes with the different types of acryl resin of substrate material, melamine resin, polyvinyl resin, polystyrene resin, organic silicone resin, acrylic acid and cinnamic multipolymer etc., and the inorganic particles that constitutes by lime carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, barium carbonate, barium sulphate, titanium dioxide, glass etc. etc.The kind of employed diffusant can be more than a kind or 2 kinds.In addition, the ball of organic polymer or glass hollow bead also can be used as the diffusant use.The weight average particle diameter of diffusant is preferably the scope of 0.5～30 μ m.In addition, the shape of diffusant can be spherical, flat, tabular, needle-like etc., is preferably spherical.
[prism film (light deflection mechanism)]
The light entrance face side of prism film 704a, 704b (back lighting device side) is a tabular surface, and to be formed with a plurality of cross sections abreast on the surface of light exit side (with backlight side polarization plates 705 surface in opposite directions) be the thinner polygon of front end, be preferably leg-of-mutton linear prism 741a, 741b.As the material of prism film 704a, 704b, for example can enumerate: ionizing radiation gel-type resins such as polycarbonate resin, ABS resin, methacrylic resin, methyl methacrylate and cinnamic copolymer resin, polystyrene resin, vinyl cyanide and polyolefin resines such as cinnamic copolymer resin, tygon or polypropylene etc. or ultraviolet curing resin, electron ray curing type resin.As the method for making of prism film, can make through known method such as special-shaped extrusion molding, press forming method, injection molded method, roller transfer method, laser ablation method, machine cut method, mechanical grinding method, photopolymer methods.These methods can be used separately separately, perhaps also can the method more than 2 kinds be made up.The thickness of prism film 704a, 704b is generally 0.1～15mm, is preferably 0.5～10mm.
Cross sectional shape on linear prism 741a, 741b and vertical cross-section crest line 742a, 742b quadrature is under the leg-of-mutton situation for example, and the vertex angle theta (with reference to figure 8) that forms the summit of crest line in this vertex of a triangle is preferably 90～110 ° scope.In addition, that this leg-of-mutton each limit can be is equilateral, in the inequilateral any one, but will be under the situation that frontal (normal direction of the display surface of liquid crystal indicator) is assembled, and be preferably the isosceles triangle that the both sides of light exit side equate.The characteristic of the emergent light that the cross sectional shape of linear prism also can send according to area source is set, and can be set at the shape that has beyond the curve equilateral triangle.
Above-mentioned prism film 704a, 704b preferably have following structure: for example have that a plurality of linear prism 741a, the 741b of triangular-section set gradually with the mode that the base relative with leg-of-mutton vertex angle theta adjoins each other, crest line 742a, the 742b of a plurality of linear prism 741a, 741b arrange with the mode that roughly is parallel to each other.Under this situation, as long as the convergence ability does not significantly weaken, leg-of-mutton each summit of the cross sectional shape of linear prism 741a, 741b also can be curve shape.Distance between each crest line is generally the scope of 10～500 μ m, is preferably the scope of 30～200 μ m.
[polarization plates]
The backlight side polarization plates 705 that constitutes the light diffusing polarization plates can be used above-mentioned polarization plates.In addition, recognize lateral deviation vibration plate 706, can use existing known polarization plates as looking.
[phase retardation film]
As shown in Figure 9, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention can possess polarizer 708.Among Fig. 9, polarizer 708 is arranged between backlight side polarization plates 705 and the liquid crystal cells 701.This polarizer 708 with the direction of the Surface Vertical of liquid crystal cells 701 on phase differential be 0 basically, when positive front is observed, do not produce any optical effect, can show phase differential during from oblique observations, to compensate the phase differential that liquid crystal cells 701 is produced.Thus, obtain wider visual angle, can obtain better display quality and color rendition property.Polarizer 708 can be arranged between backlight side polarization plates 705 and the liquid crystal cells 701 and look a place of recognizing between lateral deviation vibration plate 706 and the liquid crystal cells 701, perhaps is arranged on two places.
As polarizer 708, for example can enumerate: polycarbonate resin, cyclic olefin fluoropolymer resin are processed film and this film is further carried out the biaxial stretch-formed and polarizer that obtains or liquid crystal liquid crystal property monomer is applied on the film and utilizes photopolymerization reaction to make its molecules align immobilization and polarizer of obtaining etc.Therefore polarizer 708 uses the refractive index characteristic material opposite with liquid crystal arrangement owing to be the member that the arrangement of liquid crystal is carried out optical compensation.Particularly; The liquid crystal cells of TN pattern can be fit to use for example " WV Film " (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system); The liquid crystal display of STN pattern can be fit to use for example " LC Film " (Shin Nihon Oil Co., Ltd's system); The liquid crystal display of IPS pattern can be fit to use for example biaxiality phase retardation film; Polarizer or biaxiality phase retardation film that the liquid crystal display of VA pattern can be fit to use for example A plate and C plate to combine, the liquid crystal display of π unit mode for example can be fit to use " OCB uses WV Film " (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system) etc.
With reference to figure 7, in the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned formation, the light that radiates from back lighting device 702 by light diffusing sheet 703 diffusions after, incide among the prism film 704a.With the vertical cross-section of the axis of homology direction quadrature of backlight side polarization plates 705 on, with respect to the light of the lower surface oblique incidence of prism film 704a, the path becomes frontal and outgoing.Then, in prism film 704b, with the cross section of looking the axis of homology direction quadrature of recognizing lateral deviation vibration plate 706 on, with respect to the light of the lower surface oblique incidence of prism film 704b, with likewise above-mentioned, the path becomes frontal and outgoing.Therefore, on arbitrary vertical cross-section, all become the light of assembling to frontal, improve the brightness of frontal through the light behind 2 prism film 704a, the 704b.
Then, the light of on frontal, having given directive property utilizes backlight side polarization plates 705 to form polarization, and incides in the liquid crystal cells 701.The light process that incides in the liquid crystal cells 701 is controlled the plane of polarisation of each pixel by the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 712 of electric field controls, and from liquid crystal cells 701 outgoing.Then, recognize lateral deviation vibration plate 706 through looking, and then, shine the display surface side through optical diffusion film 707 from the light of liquid crystal cells 701 outgoing.
Like this, when using 2 prism film 704a, 704b, the light that incides in the liquid crystal cells 701 directive property can be further improved, thus, the brightness of frontal can be further improved to frontal as the light deflection mechanism.In addition,, therefore can not cause the reduction of positive contrast, can obtain good light diffusing and high transmission vividness owing to use optical diffusion film of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, enumerate embodiment and illustrate in greater detail the present invention, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.In addition, the assay method of the weight average particle diameter of the bed thickness of the optical characteristics of the optical diffusion film in the following example and surface configuration, light diffusion layer and employed light transmission particulate is described below.
(a) relative scattered light intensity
Use transparent adhesives on the optics, optical diffusion film is fitted on the glass substrate with its base material film side, and use the test sample of gained to measure.From the glass substrate face side of test sample,, measure along tilt 40 ° the intensity L of laser of direction A3 and transmission of the normal direction from the light diffusion layer side along the directional light (wavelength 543.5nm) of the normal direction incident He-Ne laser of optical diffusion film 2, with the intensity L of transmitted scattered light 2Light intensity L divided by light source 1The value of gained is calculated relative scattered light intensity L 2/ L 1Measure " 3,292 03 optical power sensor " and " 3292 light power meter " of Yokogawa Electric Corporation's manufacturing that use Yokogawa Electric Corporation to make.
When carrying out this mensuration, the light source of irradiation He-Ne laser is arranged on the position apart from above-mentioned glass substrate 430mm.Above-mentioned power meter as optical receiver is arranged on apart from the position of the eye point 280mm of laser, and this power meter is moved with the mode that reaches the afore mentioned rules angle, measures the intensity of emitting laser.
In addition; Shine the intensity of the laser on the light diffusion layer, promptly by the intensity of the laser of above-mentioned light source irradiation, obtain through under the situation that the glass substrate that is fitted with light diffusion layer is not set, measuring the light intensity that directly incides the above-mentioned power meter from above-mentioned light source.In addition, the mensuration of this intensity is through in that (=430mm+280mm) position is provided with above-mentioned power meter and carries out apart from above-mentioned light source 710mm.
(b) transmission vividness
Use transparent adhesives on the optics, optical diffusion film is fitted on the glass substrate with its base material film side, and use the test sample of gained to measure.Measure the image definition analyzer (" ICM-1DP " that SUGA testing machine Co., Ltd. makes) that uses JIS K 7105 regulations.
(c) mist degree
Use transparent adhesives on the optics, optical diffusion film is fitted on the glass substrate with its base material film side, and use the test sample of gained to measure.The mensuration of total haze value and internal haze is used the mist degree transmissivity meter (haze meter " HM-150 " that dye technology research institute of Murakami K. K. makes) of JIS K 7136 regulations.Based on this result, utilize above-mentioned formula (2) to calculate surperficial mist degree.
(d) center line average roughness Ra
The copolymerization parch of using JIS B 0601 to stipulate relates to microscope (for example, " the PL μ 2300 " of the オ of Co., Ltd. プ テ イ カ Le ソ リ ユ one シ ヨ Application manufactured) and measures.
(e) bed thickness of light diffusion layer
DIGIMICRO MH-15 (main body) and ZC-101 (calculating instrument) that the bed thickness of optical diffusion film uses NIKON to make measure, and from measure bed thickness, deduct base material thickness 80 μ m, measure the bed thickness of light diffusion layer thus.
(f) weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate
Use utilizes the Coulter Multisizer (Beckman Coulter Inc.'s system) of Coulter principle (aperture electric-resistivity method) to measure.
< embodiment 1 >
(1) making of mirror metal system roller
Industrial chromium plating processing is carried out on surface to the iron roll of diameter 200mm (STKM13A of JIS regulation), then mirror ultrafinish is carried out on the surface, making mirror metal system roller.The Vickers hardness of the chrome-plated surface of the mirror metal system roller of gained is 1000.In addition, Vickers hardness is used ultrasound wave sclerometer MIC10 (Krautkramer corporate system), measures (assay method of Vickers hardness is identical in the following example) according to JIS Z 2244.
(2) making of optical diffusion film
In propylene glycol monomethyl ether solution, mix pentaerythritol triacrylate 60 weight portions and polyfunctional carbamate acrylic ester (1; The reaction product of hexamethylene-diisocyanate and pentaerythritol triacrylate) 40 weight portions; Regulating solid component concentration is 60 weight %, obtains ultra-violet solidified resin composition.In addition, from said composition, remove propylene glycol monomethyl ether and carry out ultraviolet curing after the refractive index of solidfied material be 1.53.
Then; Solid constituent 100 weight portions with respect to above-mentioned ultra-violet solidified resin composition; Interpolation as the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate be 12.0 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 30 weight portions of 4.17 μ m, and as " the Lucirin TPO " of Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater (BASF AG's system, chemical name: 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene formyl diphenyl phosphine oxide) 5 weight portions; Dilute so that the solid constituent rate reaches 60 weight % with propylene glycol monomethyl ether, thus the preparation coating fluid.
This coating fluid is applied on tri acetyl cellulose (TAC) film (base material film) of thickness 80 μ m in being set in 80 ℃ dryer dry 1 minute.Utilizing rubber rollers is that the mode of roller side is pressed on the minute surface of the mirror metal system roller of making in above-mentioned (1) it is close to dried base material film with the ultra-violet solidified resin composition layer.Under this state, shine from intensity 20mW/cm from the base material film side 2The light of high-pressure sodium lamp, make h ray conversion light quantity reach 300mJ/cm 2, so that the ultra-violet solidified resin composition layer solidifies, the optical diffusion film of the structure shown in Figure 1 that obtains constituting by light diffusion layer with flat surfaces and base material film.
The light scattering angle of gained optical diffusion film (exit direction of the laser of transmission scattering is with respect to the inclination angle of the normal of optical diffusion film) is shown in Figure 10 with the relation of relative scattered light intensity.
< embodiment 2 >
Except use weight average particle diameter be 6.0 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 35 weight portions of 2.19 μ m as the light transmission particulate, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 1.
< embodiment 3 >
(1) embossing processing is with the making of metallic roller
Preparation has been implemented the copper-plated roller of Ba Lade on the surface of the iron roll (STKM13A of JIS regulation) of diameter 200mm.Ba Lade copper facing is made up of copper coating/thin silvering/surperficial copper coating, and the thickness of whole coating is about 200 μ m.Mirror ultrafinish is carried out on this copper coating surface, and then use sand blasting unit (Fuji Mfg Co., Ltd.'s system), with blasting pressure 0.05MPa (gauge pressure, together following), particulate use amount 16g/cm 2(every 1cm 2The use amount of the surface area of roller, together following) to this abrasive surface sandblast zirconium oxide bead TZ-B125 (TOSOH Co., Ltd's system, mean grain size: 125 μ m), form concavo-convex from the teeth outwards.Use sand blasting unit (Fuji Mfg Co., Ltd.'s system), with blasting pressure 0.1MPa, particulate use amount 4g/cm 2To this male and fomale(M&F) sandblast zirconium oxide bead TZ-SX-17 (TOSOH Co., Ltd's system, mean grain size: 20 μ m), concave-convex surface is finely tuned.With copper chloride solution the copper facing iron roll with concavo-convex of gained is carried out etch processes.The etch quantity of this moment is set at 3 μ m.Then, carry out chromium plating processing, make embossing processing and use the metallic roller.At this moment, the chrome plating thickness setting is 4 μ m.It is 1000 that the Vickers hardness of the chrome-plated surface of metallic roller is used in the embossing processing of gained.
(2) making of optical diffusion film
In propylene glycol monomethyl ether solution, mix pentaerythritol triacrylate 60 weight portions and polyfunctional carbamate acrylic ester (1; The reaction product of hexamethylene-diisocyanate and pentaerythritol triacrylate) 40 weight portions; Regulating solid component concentration is 60 weight %, obtains ultra-violet solidified resin composition.In addition, from said composition, remove propylene glycol monomethyl ether and carry out ultraviolet curing after the refractive index of solidfied material be 1.53.
Then; Solid constituent 100 weight portions with respect to above-mentioned ultra-violet solidified resin composition; Interpolation as the weight average particle diameter of light transmission particulate be 7.2 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 35 weight portions of 0.52 μ m, and as " the Lucirin TPO " of Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater (BASF AG's system, chemical name: 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene formyl diphenyl phosphine oxide) 5 weight portions; Dilute so that the solid constituent rate reaches 60 weight % with propylene glycol monomethyl ether, thus the preparation coating fluid.
This coating fluid is applied on tri acetyl cellulose (TAC) film (base material film) of thickness 80 μ m in being set in 80 ℃ dryer dry 1 minute.Utilizing rubber rollers is that the mode of roller side is pressed on embossing processing male and fomale(M&F) with the metallic roller of making in above-mentioned (1) it is close to dried base material film with the ultra-violet solidified resin composition layer.Under this state, shine from intensity 20mW/cm from the base material film side 2The light of high-pressure sodium lamp, make h ray conversion light quantity reach 300mJ/cm 2,, obtain having the optical diffusion film of the structure shown in Figure 2 that concavo-convex light diffusion layer and base material film constitute by the surface so that the ultra-violet solidified resin composition layer solidifies.
< embodiment 4 >
Except use weight average particle diameter be 6.0 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 30 weight portions of 2.19 μ m as the light transmission particulate, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 1.
< comparative example 1 >
Except use weight average particle diameter be 6.0 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle polystyrene type particle 10 weight portions of 2.19 μ m as the light transmission particulate, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 1.
< comparative example 2 >
Except use weight average particle diameter be 6.0 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 70 weight portions of 2.19 μ m as the light transmission particulate, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 1.
< comparative example 3 >
Except use weight average particle diameter be 7.2 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 20 weight portions of 0.52 μ m as the light transmission particulate, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 1.
< comparative example 4 >
Except use weight average particle diameter be 7.2 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 40 weight portions of 0.52 μ m as the light transmission particulate, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 1.
< comparative example 5 >
Except use weight average particle diameter be 7.2 μ m, standard deviation be polystyrene type particle 60 weight portions of 0.52 μ m as the light transmission particulate, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 1.
< comparative example 6 >
Except the ultra-violet solidified resin composition layer that makes dried base material film being cured under the situation about not being close to the minute surface of mirror metal system roller, likewise make optical diffusion film with embodiment 2.
The optical characteristics of the optical diffusion film of gained and surface configuration etc. are summarized in table 1.
[table 1]
Figure BDA0000140116370000261
1) with respect to the value of solid constituent 100 weight portions of ultra-violet solidified resin composition.
In addition, use the optical diffusion film of gained to make liquid crystal indicator, estimate the degree of positive contrast, visual angle, ripple and the degree of turning white.At first; Be provided with on the back lighting device of the PANASONIC system 32 type liquid crystal TV sets " VIERA TH-32LZ85 " of IPS pattern that to become the brightness value of 70 ° direction with respect to normal direction be 10% light diffusing sheet of the brightness value of normal direction; Use 2 parallel to show the prism film that drift angle is a plurality of linear prisms of 95 ° simultaneously, they are arranged between light diffusing sheet and the backlight side polarization plates.At this moment; A prism film (near the prism film of back lighting device) is provided with the mode of the axis of homology almost parallel of the direction of the crest line of its linear prism and backlight side polarization plates, another prism film (near the prism film of backlight side polarization plates) with the direction of the crest line of its linear prism with after the mode of looking the axis of homology almost parallel of recognizing the lateral deviation vibration plate stated be provided with.
In addition; Peel off to look and recognize the lateral deviation vibration plate; With iodine is that polarization plates (" TRW842AP7 " that Sumitomo Chemical Co makes) is fitted with the mode of cross-polarized light (Crossed Nichol) with respect to the backlight side polarization plates; By the optical diffusion film of making in adhesive phase applying embodiment 1～4 or the comparative example 1～6, obtain liquid crystal indicator above that.
The evaluation result of the degree of positive contrast, visual angle, ripple and the degree of turning white is shown in table 2.Their assay method and metewand are described below.
(a) positive contrast
The liquid crystal indicator of starting gained in the darkroom uses BM5A type nitometer (the ト プ コ of Co., Ltd. Application system) to measure the front face brightness under complete black show state and the complete white show state, calculates positive contrast.Positive contrast is the front face brightness and full ratio of deceiving the front face brightness under the show state under the complete white show state.
(b) visual angle
(with the frontal angulation of liquid crystal indicator) is the display quality that the direction of 40 °, 50 ° and 60 ° is estimated the liquid crystal indicator of gained from the visual angle.Metewand is described below.
◎: display quality is not observed fully unusually.
Zero: display quality is not observed basically unusually.
△: slight deterioration observed in grayscale (Japanese Original: harmonization collapse slightly) or reverse.
*: observe GTG deterioration or counter-rotating.
(c) ripple
The liquid crystal indicator of starting gained, the degree of visual valuation ripple.Metewand is described below.
◎: do not observe ripple fully.
Zero: observe ripple a little.
*: obviously observe ripple.
(d) turn white
Bright indoor liquid crystal indicator to gained lighting fluorescent light carries out visualization, estimates the degree of turning white.Metewand is described below.
◎: do not observe fully and turn white.
Zero: observe a little and turn white.
*: obviously observe and turn white.
[table 2]
Figure BDA0000140116370000281
As shown in table 2, use the liquid crystal indicator of the optical diffusion film of embodiment 1～4 to have high positive contrast, visual angle and the ripple property eliminated is good, does not also produce and turns white.
On the other hand, use the liquid crystal indicator of the optical diffusion film of comparative example 1, because the use level of light transmission particulate is few, so the light diffusing of optical diffusion film is insufficient, narrow viewing angle as a result, in addition, because that transmission vividness height thereby ripple are eliminated property is poor.Use the liquid crystal indicator of the optical diffusion film of comparative example 2, because the use level of light transmission particulate is many, so the light diffusing of optical diffusion film is too high, and the positive contrast of result reduces.Use the liquid crystal indicator of the optical diffusion film of comparative example 3～5, because the transmission vividness of optical diffusion film is high, thereby the ripple property eliminated is poor.Use the liquid crystal indicator of the optical diffusion film of comparative example 6, because the center line average roughness Ra of optical diffusion film is big, rough surface, so the reduction of transmission vividness, the positive contrast of result reduces, and it is also obvious to turn white.
< embodiment 5 >
(preparation of water soluble adhesive)
The carboxy-modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) of dissolving [KL-318 that Kuraray Co., Ltd. makes] is 3 parts in 100 parts in water; In this WS, add 1.5 parts of daiamid epoxy class adjuvants as the soluble epoxide compound [firmly changing the Sumirez Resin 650 (30) that ケ system テ Star Network ス Co., Ltd. makes, the WS of solid component concentration 30%], obtain water soluble adhesive.
(preparation of acrylic adhesives)
To in butyl acrylate and acrylic acid multipolymer, be combined with the organic solvent solution of urethane acrylate oligomer and isocyanates crosslinking chemical; Be coated with on the demoulding treated side that machine is applied to the polyethylene terephthalate film (barrier film) of having implemented the thickness 38 μ m that the demoulding handles with mould; Making dried thickness is 25 μ m; And carry out drying, obtain acrylic adhesives (band barrier film).
(manufacturing of polarization plates)
The optical diffusion film of making in the embodiment 1 that has implemented the saponification processing that fits on the surface of the polarization element that absorption orientation iodine on polyvinyl alcohol film forms; On another surface, fit implemented thickness 40 μ m that saponification handles the transparent protective film (KC4UEW that コ ニ カ ミ ノ Le タ オ プ ト Co., Ltd. makes) that forms by tri acetyl cellulose as the liquid crystal side transparent protective film, make light and spread polarization plates.Use respectively above-mentioned in the water soluble adhesive of preparation fit, the back of fitting makes polarization element engage with transparent protective film 80 ℃ of dryings 5 minutes thus.
The acrylic adhesives (band barrier film) of above-mentioned preparation is fitted to the thick transparent protective film side of 40 μ m of this polarization plates with binder side, obtain polarization plates with bonding agent.
< embodiment 6 >
(making of antireflection film)
With dipentaerythritol triacrylate 10 weight portions, tetramethylol methane tetraacrylate 10 weight portions, urethane acrylate (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.'s system " UA-306T ") 30 weight portions, as " Irgacure 184 " (vapour crust Amada Co., Ltd. system) 2.5 weight portions of Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, mix as MEK 50 weight portions, butyl acetate 50 weight portions of solvent, preparation forms as the hard conating of ultra-violet solidified resin composition and uses coating fluid.Utilize line rod coating machine to be applied on the transparent resin film as the TAC film (refractive index 1.49) of thickness 80 μ m this coating fluid, in being set in 80 ℃ dryer dry 1 minute.To dried transparent resin film, use metal halide lamp, carry out ultraviolet ray irradiation in 10 seconds with the output power of 120W apart from the distance of 20cm, form hard conating thus.The thickness of the hard conating of gained is 5 μ m, and refractive index is 1.52.
Then, in tetraethoxysilane, add isopropyl alcohol, 0.1N hydrochloric acid, make its hydrolysis, obtain comprising the solution of the polymkeric substance of the tetraethoxysilane that constitutes by oligomer thus.In this solution, mixing primary particle size is antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) particulate of 8nm, and adds isopropyl alcohol, and the antistatic backing that obtains containing polymkeric substance 2.5 weight %, the antimony doped tin oxide particulate 2.5 weight % of tetraethoxysilane thus forms uses coating fluid.On the other hand, the TAC film that will be formed with hard conating floods in 50 ℃ the 1.5N-NaOH WS and carried out alkali treatment in 2 minutes, after the washing, through at room temperature at the H of 0.5 weight % 2SO 4Dipping neutralized in 30 seconds in the WS, and then washing and carry out dried.Above-mentioned antistatic backing formed with coating fluid utilize on the hard conating after line rod coating machine is applied to alkali treatment, in being set in 120 ℃ dryer dry 1 minute, form antistatic backing thus.The thickness of the antistatic backing of gained is 163nm, and refractive index is 1.53, and blooming is 250nm.
Then, to tetraethoxysilane and 1H, 1H; 2H; Add isopropyl alcohol, 0.1N hydrochloric acid in 95: 5 (mol ratio) potpourris of 2H-perfluoro capryl trimethoxy silane, make its hydrolysis, obtain containing the solution of the polymkeric substance of the organo-silicon compound that constitute by oligomer thus.Blend interior has the low refractive index silica particulate in space in this solution, and adds isopropyl alcohol, and the low-index layer that obtains containing organo-silicon compound 2 weight %, low refractive index silica particulate 2 weight % thus forms uses coating fluid.The low-index layer of gained formed with coating fluid utilize line rod coating machine to be applied on the antistatic backing, in being set in 120 ℃ dryer dry 1 minute, form low-index layer thus.The thickness of the low-index layer of gained is 91nm, and refractive index is 1.37, and blooming is 125nm.Through above operation, be produced on the antireflection film that transparent resin film is provided with hard conating, antistatic backing, low-index layer.
(the range upon range of making that the light diffusing polarization plates of antireflection film is arranged)
The optical diffusion film side of the polarization plates of the band bonding agent of in embodiment 5, making by the antireflection film of the general range upon range of above-mentioned making of acrylic compounds clear binder, has obtained implementing the light diffusing polarization plates that antireflection is handled.
In addition, use the light diffusing polarization plates of gained to make liquid crystal indicator, the degree of visual angle, ripple and the degree of turning white are estimated.Peel off to look and recognize the lateral deviation vibration plate; The light diffusing polarization plates of making among the embodiment 6,7 is fitted with the mode of cross-polarized light with respect to the backlight side polarization plates; In addition with above-mentioned evaluation likewise, use the PANASONIC system 32 type liquid crystal TV sets " VIERA TH-32LZ85 " of IPS pattern to obtain liquid crystal indicator.
Evaluation method and metewand and above-mentioned evaluation are same.
The evaluation result of the degree of visual angle, ripple and the degree of turning white is shown in table 3.
[table 3]
Figure BDA0000140116370000301
As shown in table 3, use the liquid crystal indicator of the light diffusing polarization plates of embodiment 5 and 6 to have the display characteristic same with embodiment 1, it is good that visual angle and ripple are eliminated property, also produces and turn white.
The explanation of symbol
100,200,300,707 optical diffusion films
101 base material films
102 light diffusion layers
103 translucent resins
104 light transmission particulates
105 resin beds
106 anti-reflection layers
107 hyaline membranes
108 adhesive layers or adhesive phase
501 decoiling equipments
502 apparatus for coating
503 backing rolls
504 dryers
The metallic roller is used in 505 mirror metal system rollers or embossing processing
506 niprolls
507 stripper roll
508 ultraviolet lamps
509 collecting devices
600 light diffusing polarization plates
601 light polarizing film
602 diaphragms
701 liquid crystal cells
702 back lighting devices
703 light diffusing sheets
704a, 704b prism film
705 backlight side polarization plates
706 look and recognize the lateral deviation vibration plate
708 polarizers
711a, 711b transparency carrier
712 liquid crystal layers
721 housings
722 cold-cathode tubes
741a, 741b linear prism
The crest line of 742a, 742b linear prism
801 have the layer of concave-convex surface

Claims (12)

1. optical diffusion film possesses base material film and is layered on the said base material film and is dispersed with the light diffusion layer of light transmission particulate, wherein,
Along tilt 40 ° the intensity L of laser of direction and transmission from the normal direction of said light diffusion layer side 2Intensity L with the laser of the wavelength 543.5nm of said normal direction incident from said base material film side along optical diffusion film 1Ratio L 2/ L 1Be more than 0.0002% and below 0.001%,
The transmission vividness sum that obtains behind the light comb through 0.125mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 2.0mm is more than 70% and below 180%,
Total mist degree is more than 40% and below 70%, and internal haze is more than 40% and below 70%, and the surperficial mist degree that produces because of the surface configuration of said light diffusion layer is less than 2%,
The center line average roughness Ra on the surface of said light diffusion layer is below the 0.2 μ m.
2. optical diffusion film as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
Said transmission vividness sum is more than 70% and below 150%.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 optical diffusion film, wherein,
Said surperficial mist degree is below 1%.
4. like each described optical diffusion film in the claim 1～3, wherein,
Said center line average roughness Ra is below the 0.1 μ m.
5. like each described optical diffusion film in the claim 1～4, wherein,
The bed thickness of said light diffusion layer is more than 1 times and below 3 times with respect to the weight average particle diameter of said light transmission particulate.
6. like each described optical diffusion film in the claim 1～5, wherein,
Also possesses the anti-reflection layer that is layered on the said light diffusion layer.
7. the manufacturing approach of an optical diffusion film, it is the manufacturing approach of the described optical diffusion film of claim 1, wherein, comprising:
On said base material film the coating be dispersed with said light transmission particulate resin liquid step and
The minute surface of mould or male and fomale(M&F) are transferred to the step on the surface of the layer that forms by said resin liquid.
8. light diffusing polarization plates wherein, possesses:
At least have light polarizing film polarization plates and
Be layered in each described optical diffusion film in the claim 1～6 on the said polarization plates with said base material film side and said polarization plates mode in opposite directions.
9. light diffusing polarization plates as claimed in claim 8, it is fitted by adhesive layer by said light polarizing film and said optical diffusion film and forms.
10. liquid crystal indicator, wherein,
Be provided with back lighting device, light deflection mechanism, backlight side polarization plates, liquid crystal cells and claim 8 or 9 described light diffusing polarization plates successively.
11. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 10, wherein,
Said smooth deflection mechanism has 2 prism films, and said prism film is possessing a plurality of linear prisms with said backlight side polarization plates surface in opposite directions,
Prism film is provided with the mode of the axis of homology almost parallel of the direction of the crest line of its linear prism and said backlight side polarization plates, and another prism film is provided with the mode of the axis of homology almost parallel of the direction of the crest line of its linear prism and said light diffusing polarization plates.
12. like claim 10 or 11 described liquid crystal indicators, wherein,
Between said back lighting device and said smooth deflection mechanism, also be provided with the light diffusion mechanism.
CN2010800390750A 2009-09-04 2010-09-01 Light-diffusing film, manufacturing method therefor, light-diffusing polarizing plate, and liquid-crystal display device Pending CN102576098A (en)

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