CN1025755C - Rare-earth ceramic bearing part and manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Rare-earth ceramic bearing part and manufacture thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1025755C CN1025755C CN 92114993 CN92114993A CN1025755C CN 1025755 C CN1025755 C CN 1025755C CN 92114993 CN92114993 CN 92114993 CN 92114993 A CN92114993 A CN 92114993A CN 1025755 C CN1025755 C CN 1025755C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a rare-earth ceramic bearing element and a manufacturing method thereof. In the method, a ceramic raw material is used as a base material, and simultaneously, rare earth compounds and various additives comprising titanium carbide, titanium nitride, etc. are added. In order to improve the mixing uniformity of various powdery materials, the present invention also adopts a technology for respectively magnetizing and pretreating the powdery materials so that the sintered product has the advantages of uniform structure and good mechanical property. The bearing element manufactured with the method of the present invention has the characteristics of high density, high shock resistance, high toughness, stable product quality, good technological repeatability, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of improved ceramic bearing, specifically, relating to a kind of is base-material with non-oxide ceramic material or oxide ceramic material, contains the rolling bearing component and the manufacture method thereof of rare earth simultaneously.
Along with the modern technologies development, the environment of use rolling bearing and condition are all to carve before severe, the rolling bearing of general high-carbon-chromium bearing steel system can not meet the demands, many fields all need be in the hot environment more than 500 ℃, has wear-resistant, shock resistance, good toughness, corrosion-resistant, anti-oxidant, bearing that greasy property is good.The appearance of ceramic bearing already is very big technological progress to bearing, and stupalith proportion is little, and is high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, have good mechanical performance and usability, is a kind of rising bearing.
EP-O320951 discloses a kind of ceramic rolling bearing that is used for turbosupercharger, and its inside and outside circle is made of a steel, and ball is made by stupalith.Its stupalith comprises silicon nitride, silicon carbide and alundum.
EP-O158901 discloses a kind of rolling support component, and this element is also made by stupalith, for improving its sintering character, has added the rare earth compound that comprises yttrium in stupalith.
It is the method that base-material is made ceramic cutting tool material with the silicon nitride that CN-85100177A discloses a kind of, this method removes a spot of yittrium oxide of adding in silicon nitride powder or other rare-earth oxidation beyond the region of objective existences also add oxides such as aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, for stoping the undue development of crystal grain and promoting densification, also add a small amount of aluminium nitride.Its sintering method comprises pressureless sintering, hot pressing or high temperature isostatic pressing sintering.
In the prior art, because various powders all need reach superfine granularity before mixing, the intergranular affinity of powder this moment is very big.Have a strong impact on the uniformity that powder mixes, thereby cause the structural behaviour nonuniformity of agglomerated material.Also recognize how to select to use control agglutinant that too growing up of crystal grain of control in the sintering process had very significant effects by putting into practice the inventor.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rare-earth ceramic bearing part that has improved and preparation method thereof, it is with silicon nitride, silicon carbide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, non-oxide ceramic material such as Sialon or oxide ceramic material for base by selecting suitable additive for use and various powders magnetized pretreatment respectively, thereby reach the sintering uniformity that improves this ceramic bearing material and purpose that the densification degree improves the mechanical property of ceramic bearing part.
Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of rare-earth ceramic bearing part and preparation method thereof.It is the principal crystalline phase body with the ceramic raw material of a kind of oxide or non-oxidized substance, as wear-resisting dispersed phase, is densification agent with yittrium oxide, manganese oxide etc. with titanium carbide, and selecting titanium nitride for use is control agglutinant, and it matches with titanium carbide, helps to control the growth of crystal grain; Various powders magnetized pretreatment respectively earlier before mixing, prevent that the cohesion between powder particle from uniting.And then carry out mix grinding oven dry granulation, moulding.
Stupalith of the present invention, it comprises various non-oxide ceramic materials and oxide ceramic material for example silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, Sialon etc., titanium nitride as control agglutinant, its consumption is the 0.1-15%(weight percentage), it can stop too growing up of titanium carbide crystal grain effectively, thereby the acquisition high toughness, the shaking property of heat resistanceheat resistant of increase matrix.
The present invention to various raw materials require as follows: alpha-silicon nitride powders α is greater than 80%, and purity is greater than 95%, and Mean particle diameter is in 0.1-2.2 μ; The purity of titanium nitride, titanium carbide powder should be greater than 98%, and Mean particle diameter is in 0.1-3.0 μ; Rare earth oxide and aluminium sesquioxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium nitride powder purity are greater than 98%, and Mean particle diameter is in 0.1-2.0 μ.
Before batch mixing, above-mentioned various powder are passed through 2 respectively, 000-12,000 Gauss's high magnetic fields carries out pretreatment, and polarization phenomena appear in the powder after the processing, make between the homogeneity powder and produce repulsive force, increase the divergence of powder, prevent that its cohesion from uniting, thereby help to mix with the xenogenesis powder is full and uniform, improve the consistency of sintering body, the uniformity of material, the minimizing porosity.
The oxide of a certain amount of manganese or the adding of nitride, can obviously quicken nitridation process, reduce the quantity of sintering aid, submit the mechanical strength under density, oxidation resistance and the high temperature that burns till the back matrix to, the adding quantity of this component is the 1-10%(weight percentage).
But all densifications of acceleration of sintering body of adding of oxides such as yittrium oxide, selenium oxide, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide and aluminium nitride improve the performance of crystal boundary, and its adding quantity is the 1-20%(weight percentage).Its optimum addition is the 1-10%(weight ratio).
The present invention adopts the agent of terres rares densification sintering to prepare with following method: with methyl alcohol is solvent, and rare earth oxide such as yittrium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthana, selenium oxide etc. are dissolved in wherein.The main effect of methyl alcohol is: (1) dissolving rare earth oxide, make it in the batch mixing process, can be mixed into equably in the powder, and give full play to fine and close catalysis; (2) at high temperature decompose the quickening that the hydrogen that produces helps nitridation process, this is because the silicon dioxde reaction of hydrogen and silicon face makes it reduction, removes silica, makes the easier nitrogenize of silicon; (3) CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas that at high temperature produces can absorb residual oxygen in the sintering body effectively, is converted into carbon dioxide, can prevent the decomposition and the oxidation of silicon nitride.In the solution, the weight content of rare earth oxide is 3-6%.When powder mixed, the adding quantity of solution was the 30-50%(weight percentage).This solution can add separately in powder mixing and sintering, also can add simultaneously in these two steps.
The preparation of ceramic bearing part of the present invention order is as follows: will above-mentioned various powders through grind and the magnetization processing after contain rare earth oxide by a certain percentage methanol solution carry out mix grinding, oven dry, granulation, it is packed into carry out forming and sintering in the black lead mould again.
Sintering process of the present invention can be an one-stage sintering, also can be bis sintering.In sintering process, can also drip sintering with the methanol solution of rare earth oxide and ooze or it is evenly sprayed in the atmosphere pressing sintering stove, make rare earth elements evenly infiltrate the surface and the inferior surface of sintering body, further improve the performance of sintering body.
In order to improve the high temperature lubricating performance of rolling bearing, can in powder, mix a certain proportion of fluoride or molybdenum disulfide powder, also it above-mentioned methanol solution be can be dissolved in rare earth compound, its surface of infiltrating sintering body and inferior surface in sintering process, made.
Because the present invention has adopted unique mode that powder stock is carried out pretreatment, and some additives have been selected for use with specific function, addition manner to rare earth elements improves again, so consistency, the toughness of the bearing original paper matrix behind the sintering are greatly improved, with the silicon nitride composite ceramics bearing is example, and the resistance to flexure of its material reaches 78-98kg/mm
2, fracture toughness reaches Kic=8-9MN/m
2, hardness reaches more than the HV=1700, and relative density reaches more than 99.5%, and density reaches 3.2-3.45g/cm
2, especially be apparent that the bearing sintering body that adopts the present invention to make, constant product quality, good process repeatability, a real major contribution that belongs to existing production technology.Rolling bearing of the present invention has limit speed height, acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, anti-oxidant, anti-high and low-temp, high rigidity, antimagnetic, advantage such as electrical insulating property good, the life-span is long.
In order to deepen that the present invention is understood, will batching of the present invention and sintering process be described in embodiment's mode below, this embodiment only is used to explain the present invention, does not constitute the qualification to protection domain of the present invention.
Example one, be the preparation of the rare-earth ceramic bearing part of base-material with the silicon nitride.
Alpha-silicon nitride powders α is greater than 80%, and purity is greater than 95%, and Mean particle diameter is 0.1-2.2U, and the addition of titanium carbide powder is 1-30%, and purity is greater than 98%, and the addition of titanium nitride is 10%, and purity is greater than 98%, and Mean particle diameter is 0.1-2.0 μ.Aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium nitride powder purity are greater than 98%, and addition is 1-10%, and Mean particle diameter is 0.1-2.0 μ.Above-mentioned powder is carried out premagnetization respectively handle, place ball grinding drum then, add the methanol solution of rare earth compound again, its weight is 30% of total amount, mix grinding 50-60 hour, it is fully mixed, then oven dry, secondary granulation, Mean particle diameter is 0.01-2 μ, places die for molding.
Example two, be the preparation of the rare-earth ceramic bearing part of base with the oxide ceramic raw material.
In aluminium oxide or zirconium oxide matrix powder, add calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, yittrium oxide, powder or other rare earth oxides 5-25% such as titanium oxide, add molybdenum disulfide 1-5% again, zirconium oxide wherein, the Mean particle diameter of aluminium oxide is in the 0.1-2 μ scope, the particle diameter of other additives is in 0.1-2.0 μ scope, the purity of above-mentioned powder is all greater than 98%, they are magnetized processing respectively, place ball grinding drum to add the methanol solution of proper amount of rare-earth oxide more then, mix grinding 50-60 hour, dry secondary granulation again, its Mean particle diameter is 0.01-2 μ, places die for molding again.
Example three, sintering process A
Ceramic body is placed in the atmosphere pressing sintering stove; to pressurize through the atmosphere pressurization device by the solution that methyl alcohol and rare earth elements are made into; evenly spray in the atmosphere sintering furnace; make solution evenly infiltrate sintering body surface and inferior surface; protection air pressure is 10 barometric pressure; sintering temperature is 1450-2000 ℃, gained sintering body consistency height, intensity height.
Example four, sintering process B
Ceramic body is placed in the atmosphere pressing sintering stove, add the methanol solution that sprays rare earth, contain solid lubrication prescription such as molybdenum disulfide or fluoride in this solution, feed shielding gas, make pressure increase to 20 barometric pressure, sintering 40-80 minute.The bearing of this method sintering has high antioxidant under the condition of high temperature more than 500 ℃, self lubricity is good.
Example five, sintering process C
This technology is bis sintering technology, at the mixed rare-earth oxide of first sintering stage infiltration based on cerium or yttrium, at 150-200kg/cm
2Nitrogen atmosphere protection carry out sintering with 1600-1900 ℃ high temperature down; Second period sintering stage, sintering temperature is reduced to 1200-1700 ℃, and nitrogen pressure increases to 250-400kg/cm
2, the sintering body consistency of gained can reach more than 99%.
Example six, sintering process D
Preventing the decomposition of base substrate in sintering process; adopt a kind of be controlled to the body surrounding atmosphere fill out the powder protection method; the Main Ingredients and Appearance of filling out powder is ceramic powder, rare earth elements and yittrium oxide, agate powder, and this method does not need the pressure sintering stove, as add an amount of molybdenum disulfide or fluoride in filling out powder.Also can improve the self-lubricating property of element more than 500 ℃ the time.
Method provided by the present invention is specially adapted to make rolling bearing, comprising the rolling element (ball, roller, needle roller etc.) and the inside and outside circle of bearing.In addition, can also be used to make the component of machine tool, slip gauge, valve seat, valve ball, motor and slurry pump housing etc.
Claims (15)
1, a kind of bearing element, it is made with stupalith, this material is the principal crystalline phase body with oxide or non-oxide ceramic material, with titanium carbide is wear-resisting dispersed phase, with the yittrium oxide is the densification agent, it is characterized in that it also includes a kind of its content of control agglutinant titanium nitride is 0.1-15% (weight ratio).
2, rare-earth ceramic bearing part as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described bearing element comprises in rolling element, inner and outer ring, this element and also contains selflubricating agent molybdenum disulfide or fluoride.
3, a kind of manufacture method of rare-earth ceramic bearing part, it may further comprise the steps:
The ceramic raw material of selecting a kind of oxide or non-oxidized substance for use is a base-material, is wear-resisting dispersed phase with titanium carbide, is the densification agent with the yittrium oxide, is control agglutinant with the titanium nitride;
Above-mentioned various powders are magnetized pretreatment respectively, and its magnetic intensity is 2,000-12,000 Gauss;
With above-mentioned powder mix grinding in ball grinding drum, dry granulation then, and place die for molding;
In sintering furnace, carry out sintering.
4, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: said ceramic raw material comprises silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, Sialon.
5, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the α of alpha-silicon nitride powders is greater than 80%, and purity is greater than 95%, and Mean particle diameter is 0.1-2.2 μ: the purity of titanium nitride, titanium carbide powder is greater than 98%, and Mean particle diameter is 0.1-3.0 μ
6, as one of right 3 to 5 described method, it is characterized in that: also contain the oxide or the nitride of manganese in the batching, its content is the 1-10%(weight percentage).
7, method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: also contain selenium oxide, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide and aluminium nitride in the batching, its adding quantity is the 1-10%(weight percentage).
8, method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described rare earth compound comprises yittrium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthana, selenium oxide, they are dissolved among the methyl alcohol, and its concentration is 3-6%, and they are used in the batch mixing process and/or in the sintering process.
9, method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: in sintering process, earth solution is adopt to drip to ooze the mode that becomes to spray into and add.
10, as claim 3 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that: also contain molybdenum disulfide or fluoride in powder or in the earth solution.
11, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that sintering process is one step completed in the atmosphere pressing sintering stove, and its protection air pressure is 10 barometric pressure, and temperature is 1450-2000 ℃.
12, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the sintering process branch is finished for two sections, and at the mixed rare-earth oxide of phase I infiltration based on cerium or yttrium, nitrogen pressure is 150-200kg/cm
2, temperature is 1600-1900 ℃; The sintering temperature of second stage is 1200-1700 ℃, and nitrogen pressure is 250-400kg/cm
2
13, method as claimed in claim 3; it is characterized in that: sintering process is carried out in the atmosphere pressing sintering stove, adds spray rare earth methanol solution simultaneously, also has molybdenum disulfide or fluoride in this solution; feeding shielding gas, pressure increase to 20 barometric pressure, sintering 40-80 minute.
14, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: adopt in the sintering process and fill out the powder protection method, the Main Ingredients and Appearance of filling out powder is ceramic powder, rare earth elements and agate powder.
15, method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that: fill out and also contain molybdenum disulfide or fluoride in the powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92114993 CN1025755C (en) | 1992-12-29 | 1992-12-29 | Rare-earth ceramic bearing part and manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92114993 CN1025755C (en) | 1992-12-29 | 1992-12-29 | Rare-earth ceramic bearing part and manufacture thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1073503A CN1073503A (en) | 1993-06-23 |
| CN1025755C true CN1025755C (en) | 1994-08-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 92114993 Expired - Lifetime CN1025755C (en) | 1992-12-29 | 1992-12-29 | Rare-earth ceramic bearing part and manufacture thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN1025755C (en) |
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| CN101513960B (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2012-01-11 | 张政 | Carrier roller for belt conveyor |
| CN103253365B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-11-25 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | A kind of wing cover |
| CN103158876B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-06-10 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | Shell of aircraft engine |
| CN103158852B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-12-02 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | A kind of for the fuselage cover near aero-engine installation site near zone |
| CN103144760B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-06-10 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | Aircraft fuselage cover |
| CN103158879B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-02-25 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | Aircraft engine car |
| CN103158878B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-02-25 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | Wrapping structure of aircraft engine |
| CN103158877B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-02-25 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | Containing cabin for aircraft engines |
| CN103144762B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-11-25 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | A kind of fuselage skin |
| CN104909764B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-08-04 | 上海海大技术转移有限公司 | A kind of modified complex phase Sialon ceramics, preparation method and the usage |
| CN105387078B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-02-09 | 浙江大学 | A kind of composite and its application for rolling bearing |
| CN106866154B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-06-23 | 安徽拓吉泰新型陶瓷科技有限公司 | Preparation method of silicon nitride ceramic |
| CN110317047A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-11 | 鲁东大学 | A kind of temperature gradient selfreparing multi-layered ceramic cutter |
| CN114062407B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2024-02-06 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sample preparation method for XRD analysis of rare earth magnetic alloy |
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1992
- 1992-12-29 CN CN 92114993 patent/CN1025755C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN1073503A (en) | 1993-06-23 |
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| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
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