CN102570503A - Double-fed wind power generation system - Google Patents
Double-fed wind power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102570503A CN102570503A CN2011104547771A CN201110454777A CN102570503A CN 102570503 A CN102570503 A CN 102570503A CN 2011104547771 A CN2011104547771 A CN 2011104547771A CN 201110454777 A CN201110454777 A CN 201110454777A CN 102570503 A CN102570503 A CN 102570503A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-fed wind power generation system with a low voltage ride through function. The double-fed wind power generation system can effectively protect a double-fed wind power converter when the voltage of a power grid dips (including three-phase symmetrical short-circuit faults and asymmetrical short-circuit faults of the power grid), simultaneously can reversely send reactive power or active power to the power grid so as to support removal of power grid faults, and continuous running of a double-fed wind driven generator is guaranteed. The double-fed wind power generation low voltage ride through device comprises an active crowbar device and a direct current link chopper device. The active crowbar device is used for protection of rotor overcurrent and overvoltage when the voltage of the power grid dips, effectively avoids impact of the rotor overcurrent and overvoltage on a machine side converter, simultaneously can be quickly disconnected after fault impact is over so as to recover normal control of the double-fed wind power converter, and avoids off-grid running of a whole machine set during the fault ride through period. The direct current link chopper device is used for protection of direct current link overvoltage when power grid faults occur or power grid control is abnormal. When the power grid faults occur, energy of a generator rotor is fed back to direct current link so that direct current link overvoltage occurs, the effective value of the direct current link chopper device reduces direct current link voltage overshoot, and the safety of a converter power unit is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low-voltage of megawatt level wind power generation system when electric network electric voltage drop and pass through operation and control, guarantee wind turbine generator not off-grid operation when electric network fault, pass through requirement with the low-voltage that satisfies the national grid promulgation.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of wind-powered electricity generation installed capacity, transformation has taken place in the status of wind-powered electricity generation in electric power system.The wind-powered electricity generation installed capacity hour, its operation can not considered the influence of the stability of a system; Increasing when the wind-powered electricity generation installed capacity, when proportion increased year by year in system, its operation became to the influence of the stability of a system and can not be ignored.
In order to guarantee the safe and stable operation of electric power system; Europe, North America and more Australian electric power associations or grid company have all been formulated the technological guide rule that blower fan is incorporated into the power networks, and mainly comprise: mains frequency control, reactive power and line voltage control, low-voltage are passed through (LVRT) control and quality of power supply control etc.
National grid has been published low-voltage and has been passed through standard (LVRT) at present, and concrete curve is seen Fig. 1.
Wherein, low-voltage pass through (LVRT) control purpose be: used on a large scale in order to make wind power generation, and not entail dangers to the stable operation of electrical network.When electrical network generation electric voltage dropping fault, within the specific limits, blower fan must not break away from electrical network, and will provide active power (frequency) and reactive power (voltage) to support to electrical network as conventional unit.
The present grown place of our factory double-fed wind power generator, because generator unit stator directly links to each other with electrical network, electric network electric voltage drop will cause rotor-side overvoltage and overcurrent.Though disposed crow bar protective circuit (passive crowbar), be a kind of electric voltage dropping frequency converter safeguard measure when taking place, must shut down after the action, can not realize that low-voltage passes through (LVRT).
After the wind energy turbine set low-voltage of State Grid Corporation of China's promulgation is passed through standard implementation; Not possessing low-voltage passes through the double-fed blower fan current transformer of requirement and will no longer be admitted by electrical network; Pass through significantly so the research and development low-voltage is passed through active crow bar to realize low-voltage, have a extensive future.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has a dual feedback wind power generation system that low-voltage is passed through function for a kind of, to reach the safety and the aim of stable operation of current transformer direct current chain and power cell under the various electrical network operating modes.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of dual feedback wind power generation system; The double fed induction generators, dudt filter, pusher side current transformer, net side converter, net side filter, the box type transformer that comprise the order link; On the dc bus of pusher side current transformer, net side converter, and be connected to direct current chain electric capacity; The low frequency ac stream that generator sends is transformed to the industrial frequency AC electric current through dudt filter, pusher side current transformer, net side converter, after the filtering of net side filter, boosts to high pressure by box type transformer again and is connected to the grid; It is characterized in that; This system is furnished with the low-voltage traversing device; Said low-voltage traversing device comprises electric network fault checkout gear, active crowbar device and control board thereof; Direct current chain chopper device and control board thereof, active crowbar device are arranged on the hinged node of double fed induction generators and dudt filter, and direct current chain chopper device is attempted by on the dc bus; Active crowbar device, direct current chain chopper device are by its its automatic switching of control board control separately, and when the electric network fault checkout gear detected electric network electric voltage drop, the control board of active crowbar device sent control signal; Short circuit generator amature winding blocks the pusher side current transformer, and active crowbar device drops into; Energy is discharged to active crowbar device; After electrical network impacted and finishes, generator amature winding short circuit was eliminated, the release of pusher side current transformer; Active crowbar device excision, the generator of pusher side current transformer control are simultaneously injected the reactive current of rated power and are recovered to support line voltage to electrical network; During the fast quick-recovery of line voltage, active crowbar device drops into once more, impacts and finishes the active crowbar device excision in back, gets into the normal power generation operating mode; When overvoltage appearred in dc bus, the control board of direct current chain chopper device sent control signal, and direct current chain chopper device drops into, and energy is discharged the device to direct current chain chopper, after the dc bus overvoltage is eliminated, and the excision of direct current chain chopper device.
Said active crowbar device comprises crowbar resistance, IGBT power switch pipe, IGBT drive plate, and when the electric network fault checkout gear detected electric network electric voltage drop, the control board of active crowbar device sent control signal; Short circuit generator amature winding blocks the pusher side current transformer, and it is open-minded to drive the IGBT power switch pipe by drive plate; Energy is released on the crowbar resistance; After electrical network impacted and finishes, generator amature winding short circuit was eliminated, the release of pusher side current transformer; Active crowbar device excision, the generator of pusher side current transformer control are simultaneously injected the reactive current of rated power and are recovered to support line voltage to electrical network; During the fast quick-recovery of line voltage, active crowbar device drops into once more, impacts and finishes the active crowbar device excision in back, gets into the normal power generation operating mode; Said direct current chain chopper device comprises chopper resistance, IGBT power switch pipe, IGBT drive plate; When overvoltage appears in dc bus; The control board of direct current chain chopper device sends control signal, and it is open-minded to drive the IGBT power switch pipe by drive plate, and energy is released on the chopper resistance; After the dc bus overvoltage was eliminated, the IGBT power switch pipe turn-offed.
Said active crowbar device also is furnished with current sensor and absorption resistance electric capacity; Current sensor is used to detect the electric current in crowbar conductive discharge loop; Prevent active crowbar error action of device work, the overvoltage when absorption resistance is used to absorb the shutoff of IGBT power switch pipe.
Said active crowbar device investing method drops into the mode of crowbar resistance for adopting the three-phase commutation bridge rectification to DC side through the IGBT power switch pipe.
Said direct current chain chopper device also is furnished with current sensor and absorbs electric capacity; Current sensor is used to detect the electric current in chopper conductive discharge loop; Prevent chopper error action of device work, the overvoltage when absorption electric capacity is used to absorb the shutoff of IGBT power switch pipe.
Said direct current chain chopper device adopts two unit IGBT power switch pipes, comes switching chopper resistance through the switch that descends the IGBT power switch pipe, and the inverse parallel diode of last IGBT power switch pipe uses as the continuous current circuit of chopper resistance stray inductance.
Said control board adopts optical fiber to be connected with drive plate.
The detection method of this dual feedback wind power generation system electric network fault checkout gear, the mode detection of grid electric voltage dropping that adopts positive sequence voltage to detect adopts simultaneously and improves the positive-negative sequence component that instantaneous symmetrical component method extracts line voltage.
Technique effect of the present invention is following:
Adopt not control to be rectified to that the mode of switching crowbar resistance realizes that the crowbar circuit adopts high-power single tube IGBT switching behind the direct current, can effectively guarantee the normal switching of crowbar circuit.IGBT drives and adopts concept finished product drive plate; Can realize that IGBT active-clamp, short-circuit protection and supply power voltage lose protection etc.; Guarantee that IGBT passes through the reliable and stable of control period in low-voltage; Simultaneously drive plate and the mode that the control board interface adopts optical fiber to receive and dispatch have effectively been avoided the interference problem of the drive signal that cable routing brings.
The net side converter is with the power component switch of IGBT as chopper, and having avoided device to purchase the cost that brings separately increases.IGBT drives and adopts concept finished product drive plate; Can realize that IGBT active-clamp, short-circuit protection and supply power voltage lose protection etc.; Guarantee IGBT reliable and stable at the chopper duration of work, drive plate and the mode that the control board interface adopts optical fiber to receive and dispatch have simultaneously effectively been avoided the interference problem of the drive signal that cable routing brings; Chopper can pass through with the non-low-voltage situation of passing through in low-voltage and use simultaneously, has protected the safety and the stable operation of direct current chain effectively.
At present double-fed fan motor current transformer low-voltage traversing device passes through the full power convertor testing stand of test function and has carried out low-voltage and pass through test possessing low-voltage.During electric network electric voltage drop; The pusher side current transformer in 2ms fast detecting to and start active crowbar device, the rotor-side overcurrent that fault is brought is transferred in the active crowbar device, protected the safety of pusher side current transformer effectively; Block the net side converter simultaneously; To avoid the damage to the net side converter of overcurrent that electric network electric voltage drop causes, when direct current chain voltage increased severely owing to the rotor energy feedback, direct current chain chopper device started the safety with guarantee direct current chain and power cell; After line voltage recovered, the net side converter at first restarted control, stable DC chain voltage, and the pusher side current transformer is controlled active crowbar excision then, restarts control simultaneously to recover the meritorious idle output of double-fed wind power generator.Between whole age at failure, the not off-grid operation of double-fed wind power generator group has realized that preferably the low-voltage of double-fed blower fan is passed through function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that low-voltage is passed through standard (LVRT) curve chart;
Electric network fault sketch map when the actual wind field low-voltage of Fig. 2 is passed through;
Fig. 3 is the wind turbine generator system construction drawing that the low-voltage traversing device is housed;
Fig. 4 is a double-fed fan motor current transformer low-voltage traversing device schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 passes through the control block diagram for net side converter low-voltage;
Fig. 6 passes through the control block diagram for pusher side current transformer low-voltage;
Positive sequence voltage detected data when Fig. 7 fell for the line voltage three-phase;
Positive sequence voltage detected data when Fig. 8 fell for line voltage is alternate;
Fig. 9,10,11 passes through test data for low-voltage;
Figure 12 is the topology diagram of active crowbar device, direct current chain chopper device.
Embodiment
, the electric network electric voltage drop detection technique implements
Pass through curve requirement (see figure 1) in order to satisfy national low-voltage; The fast detecting electric voltage dropping is most important; Particularly all the more so to the detection of unbalanced fault because for unbalanced fault, be reflected to generator extremely correctly reflecting voltage fall situation.Like Fig. 2, grid side generation single-phase short circuit, because the connection group problem that generator outlet place case becomes, being reflected to generator outlet is a similar phase fault.
In order accurately and fast to detect electric voltage dropping, the mode detection of grid electric voltage dropping that we have adopted positive sequence voltage to detect adopts simultaneously and improves the positive-negative sequence component extraction that instantaneous symmetrical component method carries out line voltage.
Fig. 7 falls the detection waveform data when falling for three-phase voltage, last figure is the line voltage positive sequence component, and figure below is a line voltage AB phase.Can find out that therefrom the line voltage three-phase drops to 20% duration 625mS, and positive sequence component is followed electric network electric voltage drop simultaneously, detection speed satisfies the detection requirement.Fig. 8 falls the detection waveform data when falling for AB two phase voltages, and last figure is the line voltage positive sequence component, and figure below is a line voltage AB phase.Can find out that therefrom line voltage AB two drops to 20% duration 625mS mutually, and positive sequence component is followed electric network electric voltage drop simultaneously, detection speed satisfies the detection requirement, and this detection algorithm also can be good at detecting electric voltage dropping when AB two fell mutually simultaneously.
, low-voltage passes through control technology and implements
In order to protect the safety of current transformer, we have designed current transformer low-voltage traversing device, comprise active crowbar device and direct current chain chopper device, and its structure is shown in figure 12, and it is configured in the dual feedback wind power generation system, form the system shown in Figure 3 structure.
Active crowbar device adopts not control and is rectified to that the mode of switching crowbar resistance realizes behind the direct current; The crowbar circuit adopts high-power single tube IGBT switching; Can effectively guarantee the normal switching control of crowbar circuit; Simultaneously on active crowbar loop, install current sensor additional, effectively prevented the error action of device work.Direct current chain chopper device adopts the net side converter with the power component switch of IGBT as chopper; Having avoided device to purchase the cost that brings separately increases; Drive plate and control board interface adopt the mode of optical fiber transmitting-receiving, have effectively avoided the interference problem of the drive signal that cable routing brings, and chopper can pass through with the non-low-voltage situation of passing through in low-voltage and use simultaneously; Protected the safety and the stable operation of direct current chain effectively, concrete low-voltage traversing device principle is as shown in Figure 4.
The workflow of native system is seen Fig. 5, Fig. 6.
The pusher side current transformer detects electric network fault, and stator current impacts very big, and has tangible aperiodic component; Specifically see Fig. 9, judge simultaneously whether direct current chain voltage and pusher side current transformer electric current surpass threshold value, if because electric network fault has caused pusher side current transformer overcurrent or direct current chain electric voltage over press; Block the pusher side current transformer, specifically see Figure 10, start active crowbar device short circuit rotor simultaneously; The resistance of energy through active crowbar device is discharged; Specifically see Figure 11, guarantee the safety of pusher side current transformer, notify the net side converter to block with hard wired mode simultaneously; Specifically see Figure 10, direct current chain chopper device starts the safety of protection dc bus if DC bus-bar voltage surpasses set point.
The pusher side current transformer detects electric network fault and recovers, and stator current impacts very big, and has tangible aperiodic component; Specifically see Fig. 9, restart the control of net side converter, the stable DC busbar voltage; The active crowbar device of excision after time-delay a period of time, the control of starter motor side converter simultaneously, the meritorious idle control that recovers wind-driven generator; Specifically see Figure 10 and 11, whole low-voltage crossing process finishes.
Claims (8)
1. dual feedback wind power generation system; The double fed induction generators, dudt filter, pusher side current transformer, net side converter, net side filter, the box type transformer that comprise the order link; On the dc bus of pusher side current transformer, net side converter, and be connected to direct current chain electric capacity; The low frequency ac stream that generator sends is transformed to the industrial frequency AC electric current through dudt filter, pusher side current transformer, net side converter, after the filtering of net side filter, boosts to high pressure by box type transformer again and is connected to the grid; It is characterized in that; This system is furnished with the low-voltage traversing device; Said low-voltage traversing device comprises electric network fault checkout gear, active crowbar device and control board thereof; Direct current chain chopper device and control board thereof, active crowbar device are arranged on the hinged node of double fed induction generators and dudt filter, and direct current chain chopper device is attempted by on the dc bus; Active crowbar device, direct current chain chopper device are by its its automatic switching of control board control separately, and when the electric network fault checkout gear detected electric network electric voltage drop, the control board of active crowbar device sent control signal; Short circuit generator amature winding blocks the pusher side current transformer, and active crowbar device drops into; Energy is discharged to active crowbar device; After electrical network impacted and finishes, generator amature winding short circuit was eliminated, the release of pusher side current transformer; Active crowbar device excision, the generator of pusher side current transformer control are simultaneously injected the reactive current of rated power and are recovered to support line voltage to electrical network; During the fast quick-recovery of line voltage, active crowbar device drops into once more, impacts and finishes the active crowbar device excision in back, gets into the normal power generation operating mode; When overvoltage appearred in dc bus, the control board of direct current chain chopper device sent control signal, and direct current chain chopper device drops into, and energy is discharged the device to direct current chain chopper, after the dc bus overvoltage is eliminated, and the excision of direct current chain chopper device.
2. dual feedback wind power generation system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said active crowbar device comprises crowbar resistance, IGBT power switch pipe, IGBT drive plate; When the electric network fault checkout gear detected electric network electric voltage drop, the control board of active crowbar device sent control signal, short circuit generator amature winding; Block the pusher side current transformer; And it is open-minded to drive the IGBT power switch pipe by drive plate, and energy is released on the crowbar resistance, after electrical network impacts and finishes; Generator amature winding short circuit is eliminated; The release of pusher side current transformer, active crowbar device excision, the generator of pusher side current transformer control simultaneously injects the reactive current of rated power and recovers to support line voltage to electrical network; During the fast quick-recovery of line voltage, active crowbar device drops into once more, impacts and finishes the active crowbar device excision in back, gets into the normal power generation operating mode; Said direct current chain chopper device comprises chopper resistance, IGBT power switch pipe, IGBT drive plate; When overvoltage appears in dc bus; The control board of direct current chain chopper device sends control signal, and it is open-minded to drive the IGBT power switch pipe by drive plate, and energy is released on the chopper resistance; After the dc bus overvoltage was eliminated, the IGBT power switch pipe turn-offed.
3. dual feedback wind power generation system as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said active crowbar device also is furnished with current sensor and absorption resistance electric capacity, and current sensor is used to detect the electric current in crowbar conductive discharge loop, prevents active crowbar error action of device work; Simultaneously excise active crowbar device, the overvoltage when absorption resistance is used to absorb the shutoff of IGBT power switch pipe according to this loop current value.
4. dual feedback wind power generation system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, said active crowbar device investing method drops into the mode of crowbar resistance for adopting the three-phase commutation bridge rectification to DC side through the IGBT power switch pipe.
5. dual feedback wind power generation system as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Direct current chain chopper device also is furnished with current sensor and absorbs electric capacity; Current sensor is used to detect the electric current in chopper conductive discharge loop, prevents chopper error action of device work, the overvoltage when absorption electric capacity is used to absorb the shutoff of IGBT power switch pipe.
6. dual feedback wind power generation system as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that; Direct current chain chopper device adopts two unit IGBT power switch pipes; Switch through following IGBT power switch pipe comes switching chopper resistance, and the inverse parallel diode of last IGBT power switch pipe uses as the continuous current circuit of chopper resistance stray inductance.
7. dual feedback wind power generation system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said control board adopts optical fiber to be connected with drive plate.
8. the detection method of the said dual feedback wind power generation system electric network fault of claim 1 checkout gear, the mode detection of grid electric voltage dropping that adopts positive sequence voltage to detect adopts simultaneously and improves the positive-negative sequence component that instantaneous symmetrical component method extracts line voltage.
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| CN102820646A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-12-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Device and method for controlling fault ride-through of power grid of flexible direct-current transmission system |
| CN103023069A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 华北电力大学 | Fault ride-through control method for inversion type new energy power supply |
| CN103560517A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-02-05 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Doubly-fed wind generator low voltage ride through method |
| CN104300556A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-21 | 四川东方电气自动控制工程有限公司 | Power grid low-frequency oscillation adapting method of double-fed wind turbine system |
| CN104538939A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-22 | 国家电网公司 | Wind-power-contained isolated grid running outgoing line reclosing method adapting to formation of three-phase tripping operation |
| CN105203890A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2015-12-30 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Testing platform and method for wind power converter chopper device |
| CN105356520A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-24 | 上海电力学院 | Control method for improving low voltage ride through capability of wind power plant |
| CN106066944A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-02 | 重庆大学 | Dual feedback wind power generation system short-circuit current calculation method under low voltage crossing |
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| CN108321809A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-07-24 | 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 | Grid voltage three-phase imbalance falls wind power plant dynamic reactive compensating method under failure |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |