CN101383578A - Dual-feeding motor system having protecting device and protecting method thereof - Google Patents
Dual-feeding motor system having protecting device and protecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101383578A CN101383578A CNA200810216321XA CN200810216321A CN101383578A CN 101383578 A CN101383578 A CN 101383578A CN A200810216321X A CNA200810216321X A CN A200810216321XA CN 200810216321 A CN200810216321 A CN 200810216321A CN 101383578 A CN101383578 A CN 101383578A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a doubly fed generator system with a protector, as well as a method used for protecting the system. The doubly fed generator system with the protector comprises a doubly fed induction generator (100), a rotor side converter (130), an intermediate DC side converter (110), a grid side converter (120) and a bypass protecting circuit (200), wherein the bypass protecting circuit (200) comprises current limiting resistors (R1, R2 and R3) and thyristors (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6), the thyristors are divided into three groups, each group comprises two thyristors reversely connected in parallel, and is connected with one current limiting resistor in series, and the three groups of thyristors are connected into a star shape; when the voltage of the intermediate DC side converter (110) exceeds the set threshold U2, the thyristors (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6) are triggered to be conducted. The invention has the advantages of low cost, simple control and stronger fault ride-through capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dual-feeding motor system and guard method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of the have dual-feeding motor system of protective device and the guard method when electric network fault occurring thereof.
Background technology
Under electric network fault, a large amount of generator (as: wind-driven generator) off-grids can make the grid power disappearance, the aggravation mains breakdown.For satisfying the power grid security requirement, require generator system (as: wind turbine generator system) must have the fault ride-through capacity that runs without interruption under the electric network fault situation.
Existing dual-feeding motor system comprises double fed induction generators (DFIG) and back-to-back converter.The stator winding of double fed induction generators (DFIG) generally is connected to transformer by the switch that is incorporated into the power networks and links to each other with electrical network, and the rotor winding is connected to back-to-back converter.Back-to-back converter comprises rotor-side converter (Rotor Side Converter), net side converter (Grid Side Converter), intermediate dc side (DC Circuit).Net side converter (Grid Side Converter) also is connected with electrical network by electronic switch, and therefore in fact the rotor winding also is connected with electrical network by rotor-side converter (Rotor SideConverter), intermediate dc side (DC Circuit), net side converter (Grid Side Converter) successively.Also can realize generator meritorious and idle output, voltage and frequency adjustment by the control current transformer.
When electrical network breaks down, generator unit stator voltage descends suddenly, make the generator degaussing and induce big electric current at stator winding and rotor winding, the DC component that stator current exists, in rotor current, then show alternating current component, rotor induction fixed 3～4 times of overflow that fail to be convened for lack of a quorum, at this moment rotor-side converter (Rotor Side Converter) obvious ability out of hand and close pulse-width modulation immediately, yet the big electric current of rotor can be by the inverse parallel diode continuousing flow of IGBT, make busbar voltage sharply rise to specified 3～4 times, this will seriously damage current transformer.Though it is stable that net side converter (Grid SideConverter) is used to control busbar voltage, busbar voltage still can surpass above-mentioned value when electric network fault takes place.
To this, a kind of circuit arrangement and method that is used for wind power system disclosed in american documentation literature US7102247B2, control additional resistance by electronic switch, being connected of temporarily disconnected rotor-side converter and rotor winding when can be implemented in electric network fault, after fault recovery, can realize again connecting.Yet the selected electronics in this scheme is opened by pulse width modulation controlled, and is initiatively to turn-off and since initiatively shutoff type electronic switch overload capacity a little less than, need multitube parallel usually, can occur current-sharing during the short circuited rotor winding and cross flow problem.For the electric network fault serious situation, this programme can cause the generator unit stator off-grid because of the rotor overvoltage, so a little less than adopting this scheme cost height, control complexity and fault ride-through capacity.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned defective, it is lower that technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of cost, dual-feeding motor system that control is simple and fault ride-through capacity is stronger and the guard method when electric network fault occurring thereof.
The present invention is in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of dual-feeding motor system with protective device is provided, comprise: double fed induction generators, rotor-side converter, intermediate dc side, net side converter, and bypass protection circuit, the rotor of described double fed induction generators, rotor-side converter, intermediate dc side and net side converter are connected the access electrical network successively, and described bypass protection circuit is connected with described rotor, and described bypass protection circuit comprises: current-limiting resistance and thyristor; Described thyristor is divided into three groups, every group of described thyristor that comprises two reverse parallel connections, and connect, described three groups of thyristors with a described current-limiting resistance be between Y-connection; When the voltage of described intermediate dc side surpasses setting threshold U2, the conducting that is triggered of described thyristor.
The condition of work of thyristor is as follows: 1. when thyristor bore reverse anode voltage, no matter which kind of voltage gate pole bears, thyristor all was in off state.2. when thyristor bears the forward anode voltage, only bear just conducting of thyristor under the situation of forward voltage at gate pole.3. thyristor is under the conducting situation, as long as certain forward anode voltage is arranged, no matter gate voltage how, thyristor keeps conducting, i.e. after the thyristor conducting, gate pole is ineffective.4. thyristor is under the conducting situation, and when main circuit voltage or electric current are reduced to when approaching zero, thyristor turn-offs.
By technique scheme, when electrical network broke down, the electric current of rotor coil can increase, and made the voltage increases of intermediate dc side.When the voltage of middle DC side surpasses setting threshold U2, the thyristor conducting that is triggered will bypass the electric current of rotor coil like this by just antiparallel thyristor, up to the voltage of intermediate dc side recover normal till.And according to the characteristic of thyristor, can bypass the excessive electric current of rotor coil more reliably, and when electric network fault recovers, can better make double-fed generator resume work, only need to have stronger fault ride-through capacity under the simple control.
A specific embodiment with dual-feeding motor system of protective device of the present invention is that described bypass protection circuit comprises: current-limiting resistance, current detecting unit and thyristor; Described thyristor reverse parallel connection, and be connected in series with current-limiting resistance and current detecting unit; When the voltage of described intermediate dc side surpasses setting threshold U2, the conducting that is triggered of described thyristor.
Current detecting unit also can adopt as Hall element and detect electric current, does not so just need to be series in the loop that will detect.
In order further to strengthen the ability of protection when electrical network breaks down, described dual-feeding motor system with protective device also comprises: the dc bus discharge circuit in parallel with described intermediate dc side, when the voltage of described intermediate dc side surpasses secure threshold U1, described dc bus discharging circuit conduction; Described secure threshold U1 is less than described setting threshold U2.
Described dc bus discharge circuit comprises: current-limiting resistance, protection diode and control switching tube entirely; described protection diode and current-limiting resistance parallel connection; and connect with described full control switching tube, when the voltage of described intermediate dc side surpasses secure threshold U1, the conducting of described full control switching tube.
When electrical network breaks down, before bypass protection circuit was activated conducting, when promptly the voltage of intermediate dc side did not still also reach U2 above secure threshold U1, the dc bus discharge circuit was just started working.Described full control switching tube is triggered after the conducting, and the dc bus discharge circuit will bypass the electric current that rotor coil flows into the intermediate dc side.If electric network fault is too serious, the voltage of intermediate dc side continue to increase and when surpassing U2, the bypass protection circuit conducting that just is activated.By this means, can further improve the fault ride-through capacity that the present invention has the dual-feeding motor system of protective device.
Described intermediate dc side comprises: bus capacitor.The electric current that produces in the rotor coil when bus capacitor is received in electric network fault.
The present invention also provides described guard method with dual-feeding motor system of protective device, comprises the steps:
A. the detection of grid fault when electrical network breaks down, is closed rotor-side converter;
B. activate the bypass protection circuit conducting that is connected with the rotor of double fed induction generators, get rid of, then cut off described bypass protection circuit up to electric network fault;
C. detect the electric current of described bypass protection circuit, when this electric current is after 0, rotor-side converter starts also controls described double fed induction generators.
Wherein, detect the voltage of intermediate dc side, when this voltage surpasses setting threshold U2, judge that then electrical network breaks down;
Detect the voltage of intermediate dc side, when this voltage is lower than secure threshold U1, then judge the electric network fault eliminating;
Described setting threshold U2 is greater than described secure threshold U1.
Described bypass protection circuit comprises: current-limiting resistance and thyristor; Described thyristor is divided into three groups, every group of described thyristor that comprises two reverse parallel connections, and connect with a described current-limiting resistance, described three groups of thyristors are Y-connection; When the voltage of described intermediate dc side surpasses setting threshold U2, the conducting that is triggered of described thyristor.
In order further to improve the fault ride-through capacity of this method, the guard method of described dual-feeding motor system also further comprises the steps:
D. detect the voltage of intermediate dc side, when this voltage surpasses secure threshold U1, activate the dc bus discharging circuit conduction, when this voltage is lower than secure threshold U1, close described dc bus discharge circuit.
By technique scheme, when electrical network breaks down, before bypass protection circuit was activated conducting, when promptly the voltage of intermediate dc side did not still also reach U2 above secure threshold U1, the dc bus discharge circuit was just started working.If electric network fault is too serious, the voltage of intermediate dc side continue to increase and when surpassing U2, the bypass protection circuit conducting that just is activated.By this means, can further improve the fault ride-through capacity that the present invention has the dual-feeding motor system of protective device.
The power network switch S1 of stator that is used to connect electrical network and double fed induction generators is closed all the time, then keeps not off-grid of described double fed induction generators;
Keep the net side converter not close, and come to inject set idle to electrical network according to fault type and degree;
Among the described step C, after rotor-side converter starts,, send out the support electrical network idle according to the electrical network situation.
The invention has the advantages that compared with prior art dual-feeding motor system of the present invention and guard method cost thereof are lower, control is simple, and has stronger fault ride-through capacity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram that the present invention has the dual-feeding motor system embodiment of protective device;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of bypass protection circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the waveform schematic diagram of the dual-feeding motor system with protective device of the present invention when electric network fault occurring.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.
Comprise at a kind of dual-feeding motor system of the present invention as shown in Figure 1: double fed induction generators 100 with protective device; rotor-side converter 130; intermediate dc side 110; dc bus discharge circuit 140; and net side converter 120; the rotor 102 of described double fed induction generators 100; rotor-side converter 130; intermediate dc side 110 is connected the access electrical network successively with net side converter 120; bypass protection circuit 200; described bypass protection circuit 200 is connected with described rotor 102; when the voltage of described intermediate dc side 110 surpasses setting threshold U2; described bypass protection circuit 200 conductings, the electric current on the described rotor 102 of bypass.
Dc bus discharge circuit 140 (Chopper) comprises full control switching tube V13 and the current-limiting resistance R4 that adopts IGBT, and with the antiparallel protection diode of R4 D13.
The stator 101 of double fed induction generators 100 inserts electrical network by power network switch S1.
As shown in Figure 2 in embodiments of the present invention, bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar) is made up of current-limiting resistance R1, R2, R3 and thyristor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, and the paired inverse parallel of thyristor connects into star structure again.And bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar) also comprises current detecting unit T1, T2, the T3 that is used to detect size of current.
For improving system failure ride-through capability, embodiments of the invention adopt dc bus discharge circuit 140 (Chopper) and two protective circuits of bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar), and they are similar to chopper circuit and crowbar circuit respectively.
When electrical network is short-circuited fault, stator 101 electric currents and rotor 102 electric currents increase, igbt (IGBT) V1 in the rotor-side converter 130 (Rotor Side Converter), V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 are owing to overcurrent is closed, big electric current is by giving bus capacitor C1 charging with igbt inverse parallel diode D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, busbar voltage Vdc is risen rapidly, and this busbar voltage Vdc is the voltage of intermediate dc side 110.When Vdc surpasses secure threshold U1, activate dc bus discharge circuit 140 (Chopper) and discharge for bus capacitor C1 to suppress the bus overvoltage.
Yet fall serious situation for electrical network; start electronic switch 141 activation dc bus discharge circuits 140 (Chopper) even open V13; Vdc also can rise to setting threshold U2 rapidly; at this moment come short-circuit generator rotor winding by activating bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar); short circuit current is temporarily absorbed by Low ESR resistance, and at this moment rotor-side converter 130 (Rotor SideConverter) electric current is almost nil.When busbar voltage drops to normal working voltage Unom, stop to trigger dc bus discharge circuit 140 (Chopper) and bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar).In the delay of (for example 60ms) through after a while; promptly after the current attenuation of flowing through bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar) is to zero, rotor-side converter 130 (Rotor Side Converter) restarts and controls double fed induction generators 100 (DFIG).
Rotor-side converter 130 (Rotor Side Converter) can not only be controlled the output of generator active current, and can control reactive current output, and this makes dual-feeding motor system have the effect of burning voltage during electric network fault.Rotor-side converter 130 (Rotor Side Converter) is to realize the control of rotor excitation current by opening of control switch pipe V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6.
When line voltage recovers; dual-feeding motor system can experience fault same when falling: rotor-side converter 130 (Rotor Side Converter) since overcurrent close; rotor current pours into bus capacitor C1 raises Vdc rapidly; when surpassing secure threshold U1, then activate dc bus discharge circuit 140 (Chopper), to reach the purpose of protection.But under the fault serious situation, when raising above setting threshold U2 rapidly, then need to activate bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar) and protect current transformer as Vdc.When dropping to normal level, Vdc closes dc bus discharge circuit 140 (Chopper) and bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar); and the current attenuation for the treatment of bypass protection circuit 200 (Crowbar) is after zero, and rotor-side converter 130 (Rotor Side Converter) comes back to normal operation mode and transmits meritorious to electrical network as early as possible.By said system and method, the present invention has realized the not off-grid operation of dual-feeding motor system under electric network fault, and makes system quickly recover to normal meritorious output mode behind power system restoration.
Under the electric network fault situation, net side converter 120 (Grid Side Converter) keeps and being connected of electrical network always, and its power network switch is closed always.It is stable with the control busbar voltage to electrical network that net side converter 120 (Grid SideConverter) transmits active current, helps stabilization of power grids line voltage to the electrical network injecting reactive current simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, at t1 constantly, electrical network falls fault, line voltage Un quickly falls to specified 30%, because stator 101 directly is connected with electrical network, double fed induction generators 100 induces high voltage because of demagnetizing effect at rotor 102 ports, and therefore rotor-side converter 130 closes.Busbar voltage Udc is Vdc, is the voltage on the current transformer dc bus, and Ir is the electric current that flows through rotor 102 windings.
At t2 constantly, busbar voltage Udc surpasses secure threshold U1, and switching tube V13 is controlled in conducting entirely, and dc bus discharge circuit 140 is activated, yet busbar voltage Udc continues to rise.Icp is the electric current that flows through full control switching tube V13.
At t3 constantly, when Udc surpasses setting threshold U2, trigger thyristor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, bypass protection circuit 200 is activated, and the current drain of rotor 102 is on current-limiting resistance R1, R2, R3, and wherein Icb is the electric current that flows through current-limiting resistance R1.
At t4 constantly, Udc drops to normal working voltage Unom, stops to activate dc bus discharge circuit 140 and bypass protection circuit 200.
At t5 constantly, the current attenuation that detects bypass protection circuit 200 by current detecting unit T1, T2, T3 is zero to zero as Icb.
At t6 constantly, rotor-side converter 130 is feed-in rotor 102 exciting currents again.
At t7 constantly, line voltage recovers, and dc bus discharge circuit 140 is closed and activated to rotor-side converter 130 once more.
At t8 constantly, rotor-side converter 130 is feed-in rotor 102 exciting currents again.
During above-mentioned whole process, net side converter 120 is worked stable with the control busbar voltage always.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of dual-feeding motor system with protective device, comprise: double fed induction generators (100), rotor-side converter (130), intermediate dc side (110), net side converter (120), and bypass protection circuit (200), the rotor (102) of described double fed induction generators (100), rotor-side converter (130), intermediate dc side (110) is connected the access electrical network successively with net side converter (120), described bypass protection circuit (200) is connected with described rotor (102), it is characterized in that described bypass protection circuit (200) comprising: current-limiting resistance (R1, R2, R3) and thyristor (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6); Described thyristor is divided into three groups, every group of described thyristor that comprises two reverse parallel connections, and connect with a described current-limiting resistance, described three groups of thyristors are Y-connection; When the voltage of described intermediate dc side (110) surpassed setting threshold U2, described thyristor (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6) was triggered conducting.
2, the dual-feeding motor system with protective device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described bypass protection circuit (200) also comprises: current detecting unit (T1, T2, T3); Described current detecting unit (T1) is used for the electric current of detectability leakage resistance (R1), and described current detecting unit (T2) is used for the electric current of detectability leakage resistance (R2), and described current detecting unit (T3) is used for the electric current of detectability leakage resistance (R3).
3, the dual-feeding motor system with protective device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise: the dc bus discharge circuit (140) in parallel with described intermediate dc side (110), when the voltage of described intermediate dc side (110) surpasses secure threshold U1, described dc bus discharge circuit (140) conducting; Described secure threshold U1 is less than described setting threshold U2.
4, the dual-feeding motor system with protective device according to claim 3; it is characterized in that; described dc bus discharge circuit (140) comprising: current-limiting resistance (R4), protection diode (D13) and full control switching tube (V13); described protection diode (D13) and current-limiting resistance (R4) inverse parallel; and connect with described full control switching tube (V13); when the voltage of described intermediate dc side (110) surpasses secure threshold U1, described full control switching tube (V13) conducting.
5, the dual-feeding motor system with protective device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described intermediate dc side (110) comprising: bus capacitor (C1).
6, a kind of guard method with dual-feeding motor system of protective device, described dual-feeding motor system with protective device comprises: double fed induction generators (100), rotor-side converter (130), intermediate dc side (110), net side converter (120), and bypass protection circuit (200), described bypass protection circuit (200) is connected with described rotor (102), it is characterized in that bypass protection circuit (200) comprising: current-limiting resistance (R1, R2, R3) and thyristor (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6); Described thyristor is divided into three groups, every group of described thyristor that comprises two reverse parallel connections, and connect with a described current-limiting resistance, described three groups of thyristors are Y-connection;
Described guard method with dual-feeding motor system of protective device comprises the steps:
A. the detection of grid fault when electrical network breaks down, is closed rotor-side converter (130);
B. activate bypass protection circuit (200) conducting that is connected with the rotor (102) of double fed induction generators (100), get rid of, then cut off described bypass protection circuit (200) up to electric network fault;
C. detect the electric current of described bypass protection circuit (200), after this electric current was 0, rotor-side converter (130) started and controls described double fed induction generators (100).
7, the guard method with dual-feeding motor system of protective device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, detects the voltage of intermediate dc side (110), when this voltage surpasses setting threshold U2, judges that then electrical network breaks down;
Detect the voltage of intermediate dc side (110), when this voltage is lower than secure threshold U1, then judge the electric network fault eliminating;
Described setting threshold U2 is greater than described secure threshold U1.
8, according to claim 6 or 7 described guard methods, it is characterized in that described bypass protection circuit (200) also comprises: current detecting unit (T1, T2, T3) with dual-feeding motor system of protective device; Described current detecting unit (T1) is used for the electric current of detectability leakage resistance (R1), and described current detecting unit (T2) is used for the electric current of detectability leakage resistance (R2), and described current detecting unit (T3) is used for the electric current of detectability leakage resistance (R3).
9, the guard method with dual-feeding motor system of protective device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, also further comprises the steps:
D. detect the voltage of intermediate dc side (110), when this voltage surpasses secure threshold U1, activate dc bus discharge circuit (140) conducting, when this voltage is lower than secure threshold U1, close described dc bus discharge circuit (140).
10, the guard method with dual-feeding motor system of protective device according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
The power network switch (S1) of stator (101) that is used to connect electrical network and double fed induction generators (100) is closed all the time;
Keep net side converter (120) not close;
Among the described step C, after rotor-side converter (130) starts, send out the support electrical network idle.
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| CNA200810216321XA CN101383578A (en) | 2008-09-22 | 2008-09-22 | Dual-feeding motor system having protecting device and protecting method thereof |
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