CN102557840A - Compound sustained-release urea special for crops in high-temperature and rainy areas and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound sustained-release urea special for crops in high-temperature and rainy areas and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides compound sustained-release urea special for crops in high-temperature and rainy areas and a preparation method thereof. The compound sustained-release urea is prepared from the following raw materials: sulfur coated urea, sulfur and high polymer coated urea, 5 percent thermosetting resin coated urea, 7 percent thermosetting resin coated urea, 5 percent recovery thermosetting resin coated urea, and 6 percent recovery thermosetting resin coated urea. The compound sustained-release urea is formed according to the nutrient release rules of sustained-release urea of different coated materials in soil of the high-temperature and rainy areas; the fertilizer is good in controlled release effect of nutrient, and fertilizer efficiency lasts for a long time, and the requirement of one-time fertilizer application in the whole growth period of tropical crop can be met. The invention also provides a method for applying the compound sustained-release urea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer, particularly a kind of Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea and preparation and application that is applicable to high temperature, the special use of area of heavy rainfull crop belongs to sustained-controll-release fertiliser production and applied technical field.
Background technology
The annual agricultural of China is with more than 3,000 ten thousand tons in nitrogenous fertilizer at present, and the overwhelming majority is a urea.Though played vital role to improving crop yield, along with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer amount, utilization rate of fertilizer descends, the environmental pollution that causes because of fertilising also highlights.For addressing the above problem, the slow/controlled release urea product arises at the historic moment.
CN1948227 (200510030371.5) discloses a kind of improved sulfur coated thiourea slow release fertilizer and method of manufacture; CN101088971 (200610087365.8) provides a kind of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer; CN101260008 (200710071865.7) is the preparation method of urea formaldehyde; CN101050152 (200710014760.8), CN101041593 (200710038135.7), CN102001890A (201010582386.3), CN102167650A (201110028857.0) provide the preparation method of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, a kind of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and method of manufacture thereof, a kind of rosin-attapulgite-composite coated slow-released nitrogenous fertilizer of paraffin of trace element in a kind of containing and preparation method thereof and a kind of gypsum base urea gypsum-urea-sulphur ammonium control release urea respectively.Though these slow controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer have certain slowly-releasing or long-acting function, whether can satisfy high temperature, area of heavy rainfull crop single fertilization in time of infertility required value and get further research.Because in high temperature, area of heavy rainfull, moisture content is many in the soil, temperature is high, and microbial activities is fast in addition, and the slow controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer of water-soluble material or inorganic materials coating is easy to soaked inefficacy or by microbiological degradation, makes it to lose slow controlled-release effect.
The slow controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer of water-insoluble macromolecular material coating has high temperature resistant, water-fast characteristics, and in high temperature, area of heavy rainfull, mould material is survivable, and the nutrient controlled release time is long.At present, China's water-insoluble macromolecular material coating slow-release or control-release fertilizer suitability for industrialized production begins to take shape, uses also more and more in the production..But this type material price is expensive, and slow-release or control-release fertilizer coating process and production cost are high.If can further increase production cost especially through allocating the purpose that a kind of coating agent reaches reasonable supply crop nutrition content.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of a kind of high temperature, the special use of area of heavy rainfull crop and preparation method thereof, and the present invention also provides the application method of this fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to the nutrient element releasing rule of sustained/controlled release urea in high temperature, area of heavy rainfull soil of different coated fertilizers; Thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing urea, thermohardening resin coated controlled-release urea to be applicable to this area's soil moisture and moisture condition are main raw material; Cooperate sulphur, thermoplastic resin lipid bilayer coated release-controlled urea and the inorganic coated carbamide of bright sulfur sulphur again, form the Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea.This fertilizer nutrient controlled-release effect is good, and the fertilizer efficiency time is long, can satisfy the requirement of tropical crops single fertilization in the time of infertility.
The term explanation:
1, high temperature, area of heavy rainfull refer to, in 1 year >=10 ℃ of accumulated temperature more than 5000 °, annual rainfall is greater than 1000 millimeters the torrid zone, subtropical zone, mainly comprises areas such as Hainan, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan in China's high temperature, area of heavy rainfull.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
High temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, raw materials quality part is following:
80～180 parts in sulfur coating urea,
Sulphur adds 100～200 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
80～180 parts of 5% heat convertible resin coating ureas,
80～160 parts of 7% heat convertible resin coating ureas,
5% reclaims 280～350 parts in thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea,
6% reclaims 50～300 parts in thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea.
Said sulfur coating urea is to be nuclear core fertilizer spraying sulphur film with the granular urea, and it is 22～25% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer urea quality per-cent, by prior art for preparing.
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that said sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier; Wherein, Inner cladding sulphur film accounts for 15～20% of nuclear core fertilizer urea quality; The surrounding layer polymer membrane accounts for 2～4% of total mass behind the urea bag sulphur, and is preferred, high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes.The preparation method is referring to CN1246265C (200410024050.X) " is the preparation method of the high polymer film-coated controlled release fertilizer of undercoat with sulphur ", and the present invention quotes the full text of this patent document as prior art.Wherein, the preferred granular urea of nuclear core fertilizer urea, 2～3 millimeters of particle diameters.
Described 5% heat convertible resin coating urea, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea are that in the agent of nuclear core fertilizer urea granules external parcel one deck modified epoxy resin integument, it is respectively 5%, 7% that the coating agent accounts for nuclear core fertilizer urea quality respectively.The coating agent prescription is; Epoxy resin E-44 or E-39080～100 part, 5～15 parts of urethane (PUR), solidifying agent T-31 or T-5938～15 part; 50115～25 parts of thinner dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or epoxy propane butyl ethers, 1～1.5 part in wilkinite or zeyssatite.Wherein, preferred, said modified epoxy resin integument agent prescription is: 95 parts of epoxy resin E-44s, 8 parts of polyurethane PU R, solidifying agent T-3112 part, 20 parts of thinner dibutyl phthalate (DBP)s, 1.2 parts of wilkinites.
5% recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and is; Coating one deck accounts for urea quality than 5%, 6% recovery thermoplastic resin respectively outside granular urea; It is by mass parts that 15 parts of recovery vinyons and 15 parts of recovery polystyrene foams are miscible in the mixed solvent of 250 parts of methylene dichloride and 1: 1 mass ratio of zellon wherein reclaiming thermoplastic resin, and adding zeyssatite, Semen Maydis powder, rubber powder are processed for 2 parts than mixture by 1: 1: 1 quality.Preferably, the urea particle diameter is 2～4 millimeters.Said 5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea; Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd. produces and sells; Also can be by prior art for preparing, system is respectively described in CN 1257136C (200410035783.3) " is the working method of the film-coated controlled release fertilizer of degradable membrane to reclaim thermoplastic resin ".
According to the present invention, preferred, high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 130kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 150kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 100kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 160kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 280kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 180kg;
Be applicable to the crop of 5～6 months breeding times.
According to the present invention, preferred, high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 180kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 200kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 180kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 80kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 310kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 50kg;
Be applicable to the crop of 3～4 months breeding times.
According to the present invention, preferred, high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 100kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 110kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 120kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 100kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 350kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 220kg.
Be applicable to the crop of 7～8 months breeding times.
According to the present invention, preferred, high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 80kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 120kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 80kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 120kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 300kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 300kg;
Be applicable to the crop of 9～10 months breeding times.
The preparation method of high temperature of the present invention, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, step is following:
(1) sulfur coating urea: it is 22～25% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, by prior art for preparing.
(2) sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide: be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea, spray inner cladding sulphur film earlier, the sulphur film accounts for 15～20% of nuclear core fertilizer urea quality; Spray the surrounding layer polymer membrane again, polymer membrane accounts for and is coated with 2～4% of fertiliser granulates total mass behind the sulphur.Wherein, high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes sprays on the fertiliser granulates that is coated with behind the sulphur by prior art, promptly gets.
(3) 5% heat convertible resin coating ureas, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea:
A, by mass parts, extracting epoxy resin E-44 or E-39080～100 part, 5～15 parts of urethane (PUR) mix; Add solidifying agent T-31 or T-5938～15 part, 50115～25 parts of thinner dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or epoxy propane butyl ethers, 1～1.5 part in wilkinite or zeyssatite mix, thermohardening resin coated dose.
B, spray on the urea granules with the form of atomizing thermohardening resin coated dose with steps A preparation; Said thermohardening resin coated dose of quality accounts for 5% of urea quality, makes 5% heat convertible resin coating urea; Said thermohardening resin coated dose of quality accounts for 7% of urea quality, makes 7% heat convertible resin coating urea.
(4) 5% reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea:
By mass parts; 15 parts of recovery vinyons and 15 parts of recovery polystyrene foams are miscible in the mixed solvent of 250 parts of methylene dichloride and 1: 1 mass ratio of zellon; Adding zeyssatite, Semen Maydis powder, rubber powder are pressed 1: 1: 1 quality than 2 parts in mixture, must reclaim the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent.By prior art the coating agent being sprayed to particle diameter is on 2～4 millimeters the granular urea.Said recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent quality accounts for 5% of urea quality, makes 5% and reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea; Said recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent quality accounts for 6% of urea quality, makes 6% and reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea.
(5) the sulfur coating urea that in proportion above-mentioned steps (1) is made, step (2) make sulphur and add high molecular polymer coated carbamide, step (3) and make 5% heat convertible resin coating urea and 7% heat convertible resin coating urea, step (4) and make 5% and reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and 6% and reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and put into stirrer together and stirred 5～8 minutes, and fully mixing promptly gets.Then the fertilizer that mixes is measured, packs.
The application of high temperature of the present invention, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, disposable applying in seed furrow, field planting ditch or the planting pit before sowing or field planting, fertilizer is apart from 8～12 centimetres on the face of land.The seedling of sowing in the above or plant after fertilizer and soil are puddled.Fertilizer amount is amounted to into purity nitrogen, 8～18 kilograms every mu.
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art; With water-insoluble macromolecular material coating (thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping, thermohardening resin coated) sustained/controlled release urea is main raw material; The inorganic coating sustained/controlled release urea of mating part, the double-deck coating sustained/controlled release urea of inorganic and water-insoluble macromolecular material can better meet the plant growth nutrient requirement in early stage, and can reduce production costs.Since two thousand five; We have carried out a large amount of field experiments on crops such as the banana of provinces such as Chinese Hainan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, oranges and tangerines, paddy rice; Investigated the nutrient release conditions of multiple coating nitrogenous fertilizer in soil, to the production-increasing function of crop and the effect after cooperatively interacting; Prepare the Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea that is applicable to high temperature, the special use of area of heavy rainfull crop, and carried out field experiment, obtained good effect.
Excellent results of the present invention is following:
1, fertilizer control release is effective
Be main with thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing urea, thermohardening resin coated controlled-release urea during fertilizer of the present invention is raw materials used; The mould material of these two kinds of coated release-controlled ureas is water-insoluble; Its toughness and abrasion resistance are all better; In soil, can not break because of washiness, temperature height and farming operation, the controlled-release effect of nutrient is good.
2, can be composite arbitrarily with other fertilizer
Fertilizer of the present invention is the purity nitrogen fertilizer, can be composite arbitrarily according to the nutrient demand rule of crop and soil regime and multiple fertilizer (like phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and fertilizer etc.).And this fertilizer putamina is solid, and broken phenomenon takes place the stirring in the time of can not mixing because of fertilizer.
3, nutrient discharges and can satisfy the crop needs better
Generally speaking, with the release and release control fertilizer that a kind of coated fertilizer is produced, if require the controlled release phase long, then early stage, nutrient release can be slower, and the nutrient maximum absorption phase of crop also is difficult to satisfy the demand.Fertilizer of the present invention will discharge faster sulfur coating urea and the medium sulphur of nutrient releasing speed at high temperature, area of heavy rainfull nutrient and add the high molecular polymer coated carbamide as crop early stage with absorb replenishing of maximum phase, can satisfy the crop needs nutrition absorption needs in the time of infertility better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the nutrient element releasing rule graphic representation of embodiment 1 used control release urea raw material in the soil of Haikou City, Hainan Province, X-coordinate be in the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil time (my god), ordinate zou is nutrient release rate (mass percent).
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention 1 high temperature, the nutrient releasing curve diagram of the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop in soil, and X-coordinate is the time in the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, and ordinate zou is per 1000 kilograms of fertilizer nutrient burst sizes of the present invention (kilogram).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified, but be not limited thereto.Raw material consumption umber among the embodiment is mass parts, and all per-cents are mass percent.All raw material Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd. among the embodiment all have product to sell.
Wherein, in the sulfur coating urea sulphur mould material to account for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent be 25%;
Sulphur add the high molecular polymer coated carbamide be inner cladding sulphur film account for nuclear core fertilizer urea quality 18%; The surrounding layer polymer membrane accounts for 3% of nuclear core fertilizer quality, high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes;
5% heat convertible resin coating urea, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea, wherein thermohardening resin coated dose accounts for 5%, 7% of core fertilizer urea quality respectively; Thermohardening resin coated dose is 85 kilograms of epoxy resin E-44s, and 15 kilograms of urethane (PUR) mix; Add 9 kilograms of solidifying agent T-31,18 kilograms of thinner dibutyl phthalate (DBP)s, 1 kilogram of wilkinite.
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, and it reclaims the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent and accounts for 5%, 6% of core fertilizer urea quality respectively; Reclaiming the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent is that 15 kilograms of recovery vinyons and 15 kilograms of recovery polystyrene foams are miscible in the mixed solvent of 250 kilograms of methylene dichloride and 1: 1 mass ratio of zellon, and adding zeyssatite, Semen Maydis powder, rubber powder are pressed 1: 1: 1 quality than 2 kilograms in mixture.
Embodiment 1: high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, and raw materials quality part is following:
Sulfur coating urea 130kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 150kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 100kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 160kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 280kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 180kg.
The preparation method:
(1) sulfur coating urea: it is 25% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, by prior art for preparing.
(2) sulphur add the high molecular polymer coated carbamide be inner cladding sulphur film account for nuclear core fertilizer urea quality 18%; The surrounding layer polymer membrane accounts for 3% of nuclear core fertilizer quality; Wherein, High polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes sprays on the fertiliser granulates that is coated with behind the sulphur by prior art, promptly gets.
The preparation of (3) 5% heat convertible resin coating ureas, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea:
A, extracting epoxy resin E-4485 kilogram, 15 kilograms of urethane (PUR) mix; Add 9 kilograms of solidifying agent T-31,18 kilograms of thinner dibutyl phthalate (DBP)s, 1 kilogram of wilkinite mixes, and gets thermohardening resin coated dose.
In B, the coating agent adding sulfuration bed coating machine, spray on the urea granules with the form that atomizes with the steps A preparation.Whenever be coated with one deck, coating agent quality accounts for 2.5% of urea quality, and the coating process repeats 1 time again, reaches coating agent quality and accounts for 5% of urea quality, gets 5% heat convertible resin coating urea; Whenever be coated with one deck, coating agent quality accounts for 2.33% of urea quality, and the coating process repeats 2 times again, reaches coating agent quality and accounts for 7% of urea quality, gets 7% heat convertible resin coating urea.
(4) 5% reclaim the preparation that thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea:
15 kilograms of recovery vinyons and 15 kilograms of recovery polystyrene foams are miscible in the mixed solvent of 250 kilograms of methylene dichloride and 1: 1 mass ratio of zellon; Adding zeyssatite, Semen Maydis powder, rubber powder are pressed 1: 1: 1 quality than 2 kilograms in mixture, must reclaim the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent.By prior art this coating agent being sprayed to particle diameter is on 2～4 millimeters the granular urea.Said recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent quality accounts for 5% of urea quality, makes 5% and reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea; Said recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent quality accounts for 6% of urea quality, makes 6% and reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea.
(5) getting 130 kilograms in sulfur coating urea, sulphur adds 160 kilograms of 150 kilograms of high molecular polymer coated carbamides, 100 kilograms of 5% heat convertible resin coating ureas, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea, 5% and reclaims 280 kilograms in thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% and reclaim 180 kilograms in thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea; Put into stirrer together and stirred 5 minutes, fully mixing promptly gets.Then the fertilizer that mixes is measured, packs.
The present embodiment prescription is specially adapted to the crop of 5～6 months breeding times.
Embodiment 2: high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, and raw materials quality part is following:
Sulfur coating urea 180kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 200kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 180kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 80kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 310kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 50kg.
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
The present embodiment prescription is specially adapted to the crop of 3～4 months breeding times.
Embodiment 3: high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, and raw materials quality part is following:
Sulfur coating urea 100kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 110kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 120kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 100kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 350kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 220kg.
The preparation method, of embodiment 1, different is: 5% heat convertible resin coating urea, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea make by following method:
95 kilograms of A, extracting epoxy resin E-390,5 kilograms of urethane (PUR) mix; Add 14 kilograms of solidifying agent T-593,501 23 kilograms of thinner epoxy propane butyl ethers, 1.5 kilograms in zeyssatite mixes, and gets thermohardening resin coated dose.
In B, the coating agent adding sulfuration bed coating machine, spray on the urea granules with the form that atomizes with the steps A preparation.Whenever be coated with one deck, coating agent quality accounts for 1.67% of urea quality, and the coating process repeats 2 times again, reaches coating agent quality and accounts for 5% of urea quality, gets 5% heat convertible resin coating urea; Whenever be coated with one deck, coating agent quality accounts for 1.75% of urea quality, and the coating process repeats 32 times again, reaches coating agent quality and accounts for 7% of urea quality, gets 7% heat convertible resin coating urea.
The present embodiment prescription is specially adapted to the crop of 7～8 months breeding times.
Embodiment 4: high temperature, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, and raw materials quality part is following:
Sulfur coating urea 80kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 120kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 80kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 120kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 300kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 300kg.
The preparation method is with embodiment 3.
The present embodiment prescription is specially adapted to the crop of 9～10 months breeding times.
Comparative Examples: common urea, nitrogen content 46%, mass percent.
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and Comparative Examples is following:
Test place: Dengmai County, Hainan Province, the Le Dongxian of Hainan Province.
Test period: year June in July, 2010 to 2011.
Confession studies thing and kind: the Dengmai County is a banana, kind: the tribute any of several broadleaf plants; The Le Dong county is a watermelon, kind: sweet virgin aspermous watermelon.
Embodiment 1-4 Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea is identical with Comparative Examples common urea nitrogen nutrient consumption, 10 kilograms every mu of watermelons, 16 kilograms every mu in banana.When use in the land for growing field crops; The Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of embodiment 1-4 and the experimental group of Comparative Examples common urea are all joined and are executed phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer; Watermelon is by nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide=1: 0.4: 1.5, banana are by nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide=1: 0.3: 1.2 nutrient quality matches well and executes phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer; Phosphate fertilizer is used Repone K with superphosphate of lime, potash fertilizer, and the phosphate fertilizer of embodiment and Comparative Examples and potash fertilizer all are disposablely before plantation is ploughed evenly to spread fertilizer over the fields in the face of land.Embodiment 1-4 fertilizer watermelon of the present invention is identical with the banana application process, disposable applying in the planting pit before field planting, about 10 centimetres apart from the face of land in fertilizer, the seedling of planting in the above after fertilizer and soil are puddled.The fertilizing method of Comparative Examples common urea is, watermelon, and 30% urea fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer are used with method, and the urea fertilizer average mark of surplus imposes for twice; Banana, 20% urea fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer are used with method, and the urea fertilizer average mark of surplus imposes for 4 times.Other control measures are identical, all by prior art.Effect is seen table 1.
Table 1. is compared the application effect of embodiment 1-4 with Comparative Examples
Claims (7)
1. the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of high temperature, area of heavy rainfull crop is characterized in that raw materials quality part is following:
80～180 parts in sulfur coating urea,
Sulphur adds 100～200 parts of high molecular polymer coated carbamides,
80～180 parts of 5% heat convertible resin coating ureas,
80～160 parts of 7% heat convertible resin coating ureas,
5% reclaims 280～350 parts in thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea,
6% reclaims 50～300 parts in thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea;
Said sulfur coating urea is to be nuclear core fertilizer spraying sulphur film with the granular urea, and it is 22～25% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer urea quality per-cent;
It is to be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea that said sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, and spraying inner cladding sulphur film sprays the surrounding layer polymer membrane again and makes earlier; Wherein, Inner cladding sulphur film accounts for 15～20% of nuclear core fertilizer urea quality; The surrounding layer polymer membrane accounts for 2～4% of total mass behind the urea bag sulphur, said high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes;
Described 5% heat convertible resin coating urea, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea are that in the agent of nuclear core fertilizer urea granules external parcel one deck modified epoxy resin integument, it is respectively 5%, 7% that the coating agent accounts for nuclear core fertilizer urea quality respectively; The coating agent prescription is; Epoxy resin E-44 or E-39080～100 part, 5～15 parts of urethane (PUR), solidifying agent T-31 or T-5938～15 part; 50115～25 parts of thinner dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or epoxy propane butyl ethers, 1～1.5 part in wilkinite or zeyssatite;
5% recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and is; Coating one deck accounts for urea quality than 5%, 6% recovery thermoplastic resin respectively outside granular urea; It is by mass parts that 15 parts of recovery vinyons and 15 parts of recovery polystyrene foams are miscible in the mixed solvent of 250 parts of methylene dichloride and 1: 1 mass ratio of zellon wherein reclaiming thermoplastic resin, and adding zeyssatite, Semen Maydis powder, rubber powder are processed for 2 parts than mixture by 1: 1: 1 quality.
2. high temperature as claimed in claim 1, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop is characterized in that raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 130kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 150kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 100kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 160kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 280kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 180kg;
Be applicable to the crop of 5～6 months breeding times.
3. high temperature as claimed in claim 1, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop is characterized in that raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 180kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 200kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 180kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 80kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 310kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 50kg;
Be applicable to the crop of 3～4 months breeding times.
4. high temperature as claimed in claim 1, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop is characterized in that raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 100kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 110kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 120kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 100kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 350kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 220kg.
Be applicable to the crop of 7～8 months breeding times.
5. high temperature as claimed in claim 1, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop is characterized in that raw material is following:
Sulfur coating urea 80kg,
Sulphur adds high molecular polymer coated carbamide 120kg,
5% heat convertible resin coating urea 80kg,
7% heat convertible resin coating urea 120kg,
5% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 300kg,
6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea 300kg;
Be applicable to the crop of 9～10 months breeding times.
6. the preparation method of the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of each described high temperature of claim 1～5, area of heavy rainfull crop, step is following:
(1) sulfur coating urea: it is 22～25% that the sulphur mould material accounts for nuclear core fertilizer quality per-cent, by prior art for preparing.
(2) sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide: be nuclear core fertilizer with the granular urea, spray inner cladding sulphur film earlier, the sulphur film accounts for 15～20% of nuclear core fertilizer urea quality; Spray the surrounding layer polymer membrane again, polymer membrane accounts for and is coated with 2～4% of fertiliser granulates total mass behind the sulphur.Wherein, high polymer film-coated dose of mixing that is novolac epoxy and triethylene tetramine with 9: 1 mass ratioes sprays on the fertiliser granulates that is coated with behind the sulphur by prior art, promptly gets;
(3) 5% heat convertible resin coating ureas, 7% heat convertible resin coating urea:
A, by mass parts, 80～100 parts of extracting epoxy resin E-44 or E-390,5～15 parts of urethane (PUR) mix; Add 8～15 parts of solidifying agent T-31 or T-593,501 15～25 parts of thinner dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or epoxy propane butyl ethers, 1～1.5 part in wilkinite or zeyssatite mix, and get thermohardening resin coated dose;
B, spray on the urea granules with the form of atomizing thermohardening resin coated dose with steps A preparation; Said thermohardening resin coated dose of quality accounts for 5% of urea quality, makes 5% heat convertible resin coating urea; Said thermohardening resin coated dose of quality accounts for 7% of urea quality, makes 7% heat convertible resin coating urea;
(4) 5% reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea:
By mass parts; 15 parts of recovery vinyons and 15 parts of recovery polystyrene foams are miscible in the mixed solvent of 250 parts of methylene dichloride and 1: 1 mass ratio of zellon; Adding zeyssatite, Semen Maydis powder, rubber powder are pressed 1: 1: 1 quality than 2 parts in mixture, must reclaim the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent; To reclaim the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent by prior art, to spray to particle diameter be on 2～4 millimeters the granular urea; Said recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent quality accounts for 5% of urea quality, makes 5% and reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea; Said recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping agent quality accounts for 6% of urea quality, makes 6% and reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea;
(5) the sulfur coating urea that in proportion above-mentioned steps (1) is made, step (2) make sulphur and add high molecular polymer coated carbamide, step (3) and make 5% heat convertible resin coating urea and 7% heat convertible resin coating urea, step (4) and make 5% and reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and 6% and reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and put into stirrer together and stirred 5～8 minutes, and fully mixing promptly gets.
7. the application of each described high temperature of claim 1～5, the special-purpose Compositional type sustained/controlled release urea of area of heavy rainfull crop, disposable applying in seed furrow, field planting ditch or the planting pit before sowing or field planting, fertilizer is apart from 8～12 centimetres on the face of land; The seedling of sowing in the above or plant after fertilizer and soil are puddled; Fertilizer amount is amounted to into purity nitrogen, 8～18 kilograms every mu.
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| CN114940639A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-26 | 广东农工商职业技术学院 | Slow-release fertilizer coating material prepared from bagasse and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102211968A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-10-12 | 菏泽金正大生态工程有限公司 | Disease-preventing type special controlled-release fertilizer for Shandong peanuts as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102249818A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-23 | 菏泽金正大生态工程有限公司 | Organic-inorganic controlled-release fertilizer special for isatidis root and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102249819A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-23 | 菏泽金正大生态工程有限公司 | Organic-inorganic controlled-release fertilizer special for medlar and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102249818A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-23 | 菏泽金正大生态工程有限公司 | Organic-inorganic controlled-release fertilizer special for isatidis root and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102249819A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-23 | 菏泽金正大生态工程有限公司 | Organic-inorganic controlled-release fertilizer special for medlar and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114940639A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-26 | 广东农工商职业技术学院 | Slow-release fertilizer coating material prepared from bagasse and preparation method thereof |
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