Summary of the invention
Defective in view of the prior art existence; The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of paraffin continuous shaping machine automatic control system; This control system can accomplish corresponding electrical control automatically according to the requirement of wax moulding apparatus and process, matches with corresponding mechanical device simultaneously and realizes complete production process control; Help improving the automatization level of production process, accomplish functions such as preservation of equipment running process control, monitoring running state and diagnosis and warning information and demonstration.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution that the present invention adopted is following:
The technology that wax forming machine relates to mainly comprises heat exchange, casting, condensation, unloads a plurality of technical process such as wax and conveying and multiple physical quantity Detection & Controling such as motion, temperature, pressure, flow and position.In order to guarantee to produce the quality of product; Realize the automatic control of wax forming machine, the present invention adopts the automatic control function that realizes make-up machine based on sensors such as PLC system, frequency converter fit adjustment valve, magnetic valve, flowmeter and the temperature of Siemens S7-300 series, pressure, liquid level, pulling force.
Concrete scheme does, native system adopts Siemens S7-300 series of PLC to constitute medium-sized distributed PROFIBUS control network, and The whole control system is divided into key-course and mechanical floor.
Described key-course comprises main PLC switch board, operating desk, power cabinet and pulling force detection case, and main PLC switch board is connected with operating desk, power cabinet and pulling force detection case through network.
The structure of key-course is explained as follows:
(1) main PLC switch board: main PLC is the core of control system, be connected with operating desk, pulling force detection case and power cabinet through network, and directly read temperature, various kinds of sensors signals such as pressure, liquid level, flow, realize system control function.
(2) operating desk: operating desk is the main operating mechanism of make-up machine, is made up of 10.4 inches color touch screens of Siemens and part button, switch, indicator lamp.
(3) power cabinet: the power cabinet mainly comprises the frequency converter of the main motor of electrical source of power gauge tap, contactor and control, air-cooler, heat exchange pump.
(4) pulling force detection case: detection case is made up of 7.5 inches monochromatic touch-screens and S7-300 analog module, is positioned at the condensation chamber end, accomplishes the input to the chain pulling force sensor.
Said mechanical floor comprises sensors such as executing agencies such as motor, control valve, magnetic valve and temperature, pressure, liquid level, flow, encoder.
The control of said key-course is to be main controller by Siemens S7-300 series of PLC, docks with a plurality of sub-control systems through communication network.
According to the wax forming machine production process, sub-control system is divided into heat exchange, casting, condensation, unloads five sub-control systems such as wax and conveying.
Described heat exchange subsystem is made up of cooling water/heat transferring medium heat exchanger, heat transferring medium/liquid wax heat exchanger, water circulating pump, subsequent use water circulating pump, water regulating valve, steam control valve, liquid wax threeway diaphragm valve, wax circulation basin, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, liquid level sensor etc., realizes the control to casting pump intake wax liquid temperature.
In order to guarantee the stability of system works, water circulating pump adopts two water circulating pumps that use a backup form, and two water circulating pumps must not switch in the production process of one-time continuous, only if in running order circulating pump breaks down.Automatically switch during the switching in each production and begin of circulating pump.
Described casting subsystem is the important step that concerns shaping apparatus product quality (stencil plate weight); Form by wax storage, liquid wax casting pump, reserve liquid wax casting pump, flowmeter, threeway casting valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, cake wax position detecting switch and magnetic valve etc., realize the control of casting amount.
The casting pump will be gone into the casting pipeline via the wax liquid pump of heat transferring medium/liquid wax heat exchanger, through the volume flowmeter on six each roads of laterals inflow, again by solenoid control threeway casting valve, realize the casting at regular time and quantity to cake wax.When the casting valve cut out, liquid wax returned wax storage through reflux pipeline.
For guaranteeing the accurate and stable of casting amount, in the production process of one-time continuous, must not carry out the switching of casting pump, only if in running order casting pump breaks down.Automatically switch during the switching in each production and begin of casting pump.
Described condensation subsystem is made up of condensation chamber, blower fan, evaporimeter and a plurality of temperature sensor, pressure sensor etc., and control condensation chamber temperature makes the paraffin in the cake wax progressively be cooled to solid-state from liquid state.
The described wax subsystem that unloads is carried buncher, is carried starting switch, stencil plate sense switch etc. to form by stencil plate, realizes stencil plate demoulding detection and conveying function.Buncher is installed with the belt conveyor drive roll is concentric.
Described transport subsystem is another key point of control system, is made up of main motor, driving chain, incremental encoder, pulling force sensor etc.
Transmission chain is the key component of make-up machine, affects product quality and output, also is the link of easy fault, so need carry out continuous detecting and failure prediction and warning to transport process.
Technical characterictic of the present invention also is: control operation of the present invention center is the operating desk of key-course; Control power switch button, scram button and the indicator lamp of parts such as master control power supply, transport subsystem, casting subsystem and condensation chamber subsystem are set on it, and also having reports to the police confirms and sound gauge tap.Each motor frequency conversion device, valve, power of electromagnetic valve control all adopt the soft switch of touch-screen to accomplish, to reduce control button, the switch density on the operating desk.
Touch-screen is used for the setting of make-up machine operational factor and the figure of the demonstration and the technological process of production shows that content is divided into:
(1) total technological process figure (2) heat exchange subsystem process chart
(3) casting subsystem process chart (4) delivery technology flow chart
(5) discharge process flow chart (6) condensation chamber process chart
(7) running parameter table (8) chain state analytic curve
(9) warning message table
Except that operating desk was provided with scram button, because shaping machine is huge, head to tail distance was longer; Travelling mechanism disperses, and in order to improve safe emergency guarantee, on-the-spot dispersion is provided with a plurality of scram button operating cases; Be installed in around the head section mechanism respectively and condensation chamber inside and outside; Also pullswitch can be set inside and outside the cold house, when guaranteeing in system's running, to be in an emergency, operating personnel can anytime anywhere press emergency stop push button; The suspension system operation guarantees personal safety and prevents device damage.
After adopting such scheme, compared with prior art the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Topology layout of the present invention is reasonable, and is with high content of technology, keeps synchronously with the advanced automatic control technology level of International Modern; Do not increasing under the energy consumption condition, realizing the production efficiency raising, the production purpose that production capacity increases effectively reduces the enterprise production cost; Automatic control level is high, realized control range expansion, diagnosis accurately, certainty of measurement is high, adjust purpose of design timely; The casting precision is high, and yield rate is high, to casting temperature, pressure, the flow of various trade mark liquid waxes carry out in good time, appropriateness control and adjustment, adopt international top mass flowmenter and advanced casting form, guarantee casting precision realization≤1 ‰ (W); Equipment security of operation rate is high, and key position has been taked the effective improvement and the precautionary measures, has realized the reasonability of project organization and the reliability of technical performance, has guaranteed operation stability of equipment; Low, the good energy-conserving effect of operating cost; Equipment operation troubles rate is low, cuts down the consumption of energy and maintenance time, expense, and utilization rate of equipment and installations improves, and the energy efficiency effect is remarkable; Guarantee stable equipment operation, safe, durable, pleasant theory; Science adjustment device structure; Realize Automatic Control, reduction manufacturing and operating cost, handled easily, and the make-up machine and the production line package unit of various versions can be provided by user's specific (special) requirements.
The specific embodiment
Specify structure of the present invention and control principle below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, The whole control system is divided into key-course and mechanical floor, and described key-course comprises main PLC switch board, operating desk, power cabinet and pulling force detection case, and main PLC switch board is connected with operating desk, power cabinet and pulling force detection case through network; Said mechanical floor comprises sensors such as executing agencies such as motor, control valve, magnetic valve and temperature, pressure, liquid level, flow, encoder.Wherein, the topology layout of power cabinet is as shown in Figure 2.
The present invention also can realize following function:
(1) realize the control to make-up machine through operating desk, control model is the manual operation mode function;
(2) through the start and stop and the speed of service of Frequency Converter Control motor, operational factor can be provided with;
(3) all the sensors signal all can show in real time;
(4) has the automatic or manual security control function of stopping in emergency.
According to the wax forming machine production process, sub-control system is divided into heat exchange, casting, condensation, unloads five sub-control systems such as wax and conveying.
Described heat exchange subsystem is made up of cooling water/heat transferring medium heat exchanger, heat transferring medium/liquid wax heat exchanger, water circulating pump, subsequent use water circulating pump, water regulating valve, steam control valve, liquid wax threeway diaphragm valve, wax circulation basin, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, liquid level sensor etc.; Realization is to the control of casting pump intake wax liquid temperature, and the concrete structure layout is as shown in Figure 3.
In order to guarantee the stability of system works; Water circulating pump adopts two water circulating pumps that use a backup form; Two water circulating pumps must not switch in the production process of one-time continuous; Only if in running order circulating pump breaks down, automatically switch during the switching in each production and begin of circulating pump.
Described casting subsystem is the important step that concerns shaping apparatus product quality (stencil plate weight); Form by wax storage, liquid wax casting pump, reserve liquid wax casting pump, flowmeter, threeway casting valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, cake wax position detecting switch and magnetic valve etc.; Realize the control of casting amount, the concrete structure layout is as shown in Figure 4.
The casting pump will be gone into the casting pipeline via the wax liquid pump of heat transferring medium/liquid wax heat exchanger, through the volume flowmeter on each road of lateral inflow, again by solenoid control threeway casting valve, realize the casting at regular time and quantity to cake wax.When the casting valve cut out, liquid wax returned wax storage through reflux pipeline.
For guaranteeing the accurate and stable of casting amount, in the production process of one-time continuous, must not carry out the switching of casting pump, only if in running order casting pump breaks down.Automatically switch during the switching in each production and begin of casting pump.
Described condensation subsystem is made up of condensation chamber, blower fan, evaporimeter and a plurality of temperature sensor, pressure sensor etc., and control condensation chamber temperature makes the paraffin in the cake wax progressively be cooled to solid-state from liquid state.
The described wax subsystem that unloads is carried buncher, is carried starting switch, stencil plate sense switch etc. to form by stencil plate, realizes stencil plate demoulding detection and conveying function.Buncher is installed with the belt conveyor drive roll is concentric.
Described transport subsystem is another key point of control system, is made up of main motor, driving chain, incremental encoder, pulling force sensor etc.
Transmission chain is the key component of make-up machine, affects product quality and output, also is the link of easy fault, so need carry out continuous detecting and failure prediction and warning to transport process.
Specify each subsystem function and principle below
Heat exchange subsystem function and principle
(1) function: the major function of heat exchange subsystem requires to make itself and the heat exchange of material wax liquid for the control heat exchange medium temperature, and control casting pump intake wax liquid temperature is higher than the setup parameter of actual fusing point, and maintenance constant temperature.
(2) control principle: heat transferring medium is in the sealed circuit, and start initially utilizes the Steam Heating heat transferring medium, makes it reach temperature required (setting according to material wax liquid label), steam off afterwards.In the course of work, temperature rises after heat transferring medium and the heat exchange of material wax liquid, regulates the chilled water modulation valve opening through pid control algorithm, utilizes cooling water heat exchanging medium cooling, to keep its temperature constant.Casting pump intake wax liquid temperature is regulated the heat transferring medium flow velocity via pid control algorithm and is controlled according to setting value and material wax temperature.Can see that the temperature control of above-mentioned heat transferring medium and casting pump intake wax liquid temperature is realized that by two closed loop pid algorithms control method is complicated, has relatively high expectations.
Casting subsystem function and principle
(1) function: the major function of heat exchange subsystem requires to be the accurate control of casting amount, is that The whole control system requires the highest part.
(2) control principle: before the start, import corresponding physical parameter (like density) according to material wax label.PLC detects the flowmeter input signal in the casting process; Calculate corresponding wax flow velocity; Require to calculate the required casting time (triple valve opening time) by product weight again, like this, through: weight=(flow velocity * density * casting time) can reach the purpose of control product casting amount.
Because the casting time is relevant with the speed of service of casting revolution speed and transmission chain, therefore need chain control, design control corresponding algorithm.Because there is error in the physical parameter of material wax, thus in reality some control parameter designing become can manual adjustment, the flexibility that improves system.
Condensation subsystem function and principle
(1) function: the major function of condensation subsystem is control cold house temperature, according to the start and stop or the cold medium flux of temperature of setting and observed temperature control refrigeration machine.
(2) control principle: according to the cold house's temperature set and the quantity of liquid wax input at that time, regulate the evaporator evaporation amount, reach the purpose of control cold house temperature with cold house's temperature and the temperature of outgoing air measured.
Unload wax subsystem function and principle
(1) function: the major function of unloading the wax subsystem is for carrying the finished product stencil plate to packaging system.
(2) control principle: in the make-up machine course of work, during the stencil plate of demoulding process demoulding detection zone, detect demoulding stencil plate quantity automatically by sensor.If quantity is correct, represent the whole demouldings of stencil plate on the same group, when detecting the conveying enabling signal, start stencil plate and carry motor, through belt stencil plate is transferred out.When detecting on the same group stencil plate all during the demoulding, carry the motor operate as normal, guarantee that stencil plate can not be trapped on the belt conveyor.Simultaneously, PLC sends warning message according to testing result, and controls main motor and stop chain operation, so that remove the stencil plate of the not demoulding, prevents to cause bigger fault.
Carry motor to adopt intermittent duty, its speed of service is relevant with the speed of chain with the time, guarantees the synchronous of the two through the control corresponding algorithm.
Transport subsystem:
(1) function: the major function of transport subsystem is the motion of control chain, make cake wax successively through casting, condensation, unload three links such as wax, cyclic production.
(2) control principle: main chain bar movement velocity can be set, or obtains through relevant motion control calculation of parameter, guarantees the co-ordination of make-up machine each several part, reaches the working condition of optimization.
In the course of work, PLC detects and controls parameters such as the speed, moment of main motor, simultaneously; The pulling force upper lower limit value of every layer of chain can be set; And detect the tension variations of chain in real time through pulling force sensor, and provide chain operational factor and condition curve according to the analysis of design diagnosis algorithm, forecast the chain running status thus; When chain generation catastrophe failure, make PLC send halt command.
The present invention also possesses following function:
Console function:
Operating desk is the control operation center of make-up machine, and control power switch button, scram button and the indicator lamp of parts such as master control power supply, transport subsystem, casting subsystem and condensation chamber subsystem is set on it, and also having reports to the police confirms and sound gauge tap.Each motor frequency conversion device, valve, power of electromagnetic valve control all adopt the soft switch of touch-screen to accomplish, to reduce control button, the switch density on the operating desk.
Touch-screen is used for the setting of make-up machine operational factor and the figure of the demonstration and the technological process of production shows that content is divided into:
(1) total technological process figure (2) heat exchange subsystem process chart
(3) casting subsystem process chart (4) delivery technology flow chart
(5) discharge process flow chart (6) condensation chamber process chart
(7) running parameter table (8) chain state analytic curve
(9) warning message table
Pulling force detection case function:
The pulling force detection case is mainly used in and reads 14 road pulling force sensor signals, and is provided with display and operating desk touch-screen synchronous real-time demonstration tension measurement value and chain state analysis result, with convenient observation and debugging to the chain state.The far-end pulling force signal that is arranged so that of pulling force detection case can both can improve system's operational reliability through the transmission of PROFIBUS network, can significantly reduce the signal link between pulling force sensor and main PLC again, reduced to disturb.
The on-the-spot anxious protection that stops:
Except that operating desk was provided with scram button, because shaping machine is huge, head to tail distance was longer; Travelling mechanism disperses, and in order to improve safe emergency guarantee, on-the-spot dispersion is provided with a plurality of scram button operating cases; Be installed in around the head section mechanism respectively and condensation chamber inside and outside; Also pullswitch can be set inside and outside the cold house, when guaranteeing in system's running, to be in an emergency, operating personnel can anytime anywhere press emergency stop push button; The suspension system operation guarantees personal safety and prevents device damage.
Other spare parts require:
(1) frequency converter adopts Siemens MICROMAST 440 series;
(2) main low-voltage electrical part adopts the Schneider product;
(3) system disposition UPS emergency power supply is used dc source with control;
(4) electrical control cubicles cabinet, casing and operating desk are all by the customer requirement processing and fabricating, and tank material is cold rolling iron plate, the thick plastic-blasting of machine-shaping;
(5) all cabinet inside conductors, electric auxiliary material all adopt homemade quality product.