CN102549325B - 具有机电终点止动检测设备的电动操作的阀驱动器 - Google Patents

具有机电终点止动检测设备的电动操作的阀驱动器 Download PDF

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CN102549325B
CN102549325B CN2010800369463A CN201080036946A CN102549325B CN 102549325 B CN102549325 B CN 102549325B CN 2010800369463 A CN2010800369463 A CN 2010800369463A CN 201080036946 A CN201080036946 A CN 201080036946A CN 102549325 B CN102549325 B CN 102549325B
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movable member
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C·博希格雷文克
J·弗利德
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Vetco Gray Scandinavia AS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/02—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
    • F16K3/0254—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor being operated by particular means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/041—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves
    • F16K31/043—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F16K31/045—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means with torque limiters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/047—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/047—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F16K31/048—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means with torque limiters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0686—Braking, pressure equilibration, shock absorbing
    • F16K31/0689—Braking of the valve element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0686—Braking, pressure equilibration, shock absorbing
    • F16K31/0696—Shock absorbing, e.g. using a dash-pot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0025—Electrical or magnetic means
    • F16K37/0041—Electrical or magnetic means for measuring valve parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/06—Switches operated by change of speed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Indication Of The Valve Opening Or Closing Status (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种有效地用于使阀(10)在打开位置和闭合位置之间移位的电动操作的阀驱动器，该阀驱动器包括连接到阀体(14)的阀杆(21)形式的可移动构件，该可移动构件由电马达(22)驱动而在阀闭合位置和阀打开位置之间线性运动，其中供给到马达的电功率经由包括供给电流检测设备的电流控制器(25)供给。可移动构件针对沿着打开方向和闭合方向的行程空转长度(L)而设计，在此期间阀(10)要么完全打开要么完全闭合，且可移动构件与缓冲装置(30)相关联，缓冲装置(30)在行程空转长度期间逐渐地增加分别在阀(10)的打开位置和闭合位置中进一步移动可移动构件所需的转矩和功率。

Description

具有机电终点止动检测设备的电动操作的阀驱动器
发明的技术领域
本发明涉及一种有效地用于使阀在打开位置和闭合位置之间移位的电动操作的阀驱动器，阀驱动器包括连接到阀体的阀杆形式的可移动构件，该可移动构件由电马达驱动，在阀闭合位置和阀打开位置之间线性运动，其中供给到马达的电功率经由包括供给电流检测设备的电流控制器供给。
背景及现有技术
在水下工业中，阀通常由液压设备激活。在液压驱动器中，终点止动检测和控制没遇到问题，因为这是液压系统的性质。当达到行程终点时，阀杆停止且液压回归到正常工作压力。
这在电动操作的阀驱动器中是完全不同的。马达的转矩与供给的电流成比例。如果马达的转子停止或被妨碍例如通过阀杆在行进终点处达到突然停止，则定子绕组中的电流将增加以克服移动转子所需要的附加转矩。如果供给到定子的电流不被控制，则定子绕组将烧毁且马达被毁坏。需要一般是电子控制的限流器以避免烧毁马达绕组。主控制可以由在控制电路中包括的位置传感器来实现，该位置传感器对检测阀杆的位置有效。这种方法在例如EP0287299中论证，其中微处理器周期性地检测马达操作阀的阀杆状态，并且如果满足对于阀杆位置和阀杆负荷的某些预定标准时就关闭该阀的马达。然而，如果位置传感器偏移或另外失效，则电流控制器被置于一旁且马达失去过热保护。
发明概述
本发明以消除上述问题为目的，并且以为电动操作的阀驱动器的马达提供故障防护终点止动检测以及过热保护为目的。
该目的在包括在权利要求1中阐明的特征的电动操作的阀驱动器中满足。
因此，简言之，本发明提供如上所介绍的电动操作的阀驱动器，其特征还在于：在行程的每个终点处，可移动构件针对沿着打开方向和闭合方向的行程空转长度而设计，在行程空转长度期间该阀要么完全打开要么完全闭合，并且该可移动构件与缓冲装置相关联，缓冲装置在行程空转长度期间逐渐地增加分别在阀的打开位置和闭合位置中进一步移动可移动构件所需的转矩和功率。
通过这些措施，提供了机电终点止动检测设备（electro-mechanical endstop detection device），通过该设备实现了终点位置的早期检测。该解决法案的机械部分将给出可移动构件位置的完全指示，并提供物理空间以及时间窗口，在此期间能够监控供给电流的增加且以控制的方式停止马达。本发明以这种方式避免了控制电路瞬时反应的需要，这否则在电动操作的阀驱动器中是需要的，例如在位置传感器失效的情况下。
虽然起源于水下工业，但是应理解，本发明不限于在水下使用，而是适用于这种类型的电动操作的阀驱动器的任何种类。在一些应用中，本发明的终点止动设备可以用作主控制装置，例如在板门驱动器中。在其它应用中，终点止动设备可以用作第二和备用控制装置，例如在阻风门驱动器中。在后者的情况下，终点止动设备不但保护马达免于过热而且可以提供用于校准例如在阀驱动器中的主位置传感器的装置。
在一个优选实施方式中，可移动构件包含在相对壁之间，相对壁包括在阀壳体或在驱动器壳体中，且缓冲装置支撑在所述相对壁中的每一个上。可选择的，在第二优选实施方式中，可移动构件包含在相对壁之间，相对壁包括在阀壳体或驱动器壳体中，且缓冲装置支撑在可移动构件的每一端中。在每一个实施方式中，壳体可以是驱动器或者连接到驱动器的阀壳体的部分。
缓冲装置是在可移动构件的负载下可压缩的弹性元件，且缓冲装置优选地具有弹性以当不再负载时返回原形。替代方案包括机械式弹簧、弹性均匀体以及可压缩的气体体积物（compressible gas volume）。
在优选实施方式中，缓冲装置是盘簧。甚至更优选地，缓冲装置包括一组盘簧，该组盘簧被选择以在可移动构件的行程空转长度内提供受控制的挠度，在行程空转长度期间这种方式还通过马达提供所需的相应典型电流增加。在这种实施方式中，在该组盘簧中的至少一个盘簧可以具有与在组中包括的至少一个另外的盘簧的挠度不同的挠度。
本发明提供的另外的特征和优势将从优选实施方式的下列详细描述中被领会。
优选实施方式的详细描述
在附图（图1）中示意性地阐明了本发明。参考附图，一般由参考标记10指示的阀借助于一般由参考标记20指示的阀驱动器在打开位置和闭合位置之间可移位。阀10包括阀壳体11，阀壳体11具有入口12和出口13，以用于流体在阀的打开位置（图示位置）中流动。流过阀10的流体由在壳体中在打开位置和闭合位置之间线性地可移动的阀体14控制。阀体14的移位和定位由穿过阀/驱动器壳体的壁15进入并连接到阀体的可移动杆21来实现。经由将马达的旋转运动转化为杆的线性运动的旋转到线性转化器23，杆21通过电马达22以往复式运动驱动。马达22经由电流控制器25而被供给来自电源24的电功率。如常见的，电流控制器25包括供给电流检测设备并且还可以包括限流器。
到此为止描述的总体配置适用于电动操作的阀驱动器的许多实施。在水下实践中，阀杆21、马达22、旋转到线性转化器23以及要求阀驱动器的故障防护操作的其它部件通常将安置在可连接到该阀的压力补偿壳体中。诸如用于测量线性位移的电力变压器（线性可变差动变压器-LVDT）的位置传感器可以设置在驱动器壳体中，用于检测阀和阀杆的位置。如以下进一步描述的，适宜时，除LVDT传感器外，本发明作为单一终点位置检测装置或作为第二备用终点位置检测装置操作同样地好。应认识到，当结合使用时，本发明的终点止动检测设备还可以起校准位置传感器例如LVDT传感器的作用。
进一步参考附图，本发明的终点止动检测设备包括缓冲装置30，其提供了阀体14以及连接到此的阀杆21的终点位置的机械且完全的表示。在阀体的每个终点位置中，缓冲装置30可以因此如所图示地设置在阀壳体的相互对立壁上，用于与阀体的相应终点邻接接触。应认识到，缓冲装置30可以可选择地设置在阀体的每个终点中，以用于与相应的阀壳体壁邻接接触。还应认识到，虽然在附图中没有图示，但是缓冲装置30可以可选择地设置在驱动器壳体中，用于与阀杆21互相作用。
缓冲装置30被设置以作用为在行程终点处的弹性阻尼装置，分别沿着完全打开位置或完全闭合位置方向提供抵抗阀体/阀杆的进一步运动的逐渐增加的阻力。为了这个目的，缓冲装置30优选地实现为具有弹性特征的元件，例如机械式弹簧、弹性材料体或可压缩的气体体积物。本发明的一个有利实现预见包括一组盘簧的缓冲装置，该组盘簧被选择以相应于供给到马达的电流的可容易检测的增加来结合地提供阀体/阀杆的显著并特有的阻滞。适宜时，在盘簧的这种封装中所有的盘可以是相同的，或者盘的组可以由不同弹性的盘形成，并结合以提供功率需求的所需非线性增加。
在所有情况下，缓冲装置30在由于针对行程空转长度L来设计可移动构件而提供的物理空间或时间窗口中可操作，在行程空转长度L内阀在行程的每一个终点处要么完全打开要么完全闭合。根据阀或阀驱动器的详细结构，行程空转长度可以以不同的方式实现。例如，阀体可以形成有用于流体的通孔，该通孔延伸以允许阀体在阀的完全打开位置中的进一步位移。类似地，阀壳体和阀体可以构成为当阀完全闭合时允许阀体沿着闭合方向进一步位移。
本质上，在电动操作的阀驱动器中，缓冲装置和可移动构件的行程空转长度在每个行程终点处与电流控制器相配合地提供机电终点止动检测设备，该机电终点止动检测设备保护马达免于过热并提供马达的平滑并可靠的控制。
本发明当然不以任何方式局限为上述实施方式。相反地，其修改的许多可能性对本领域普通技术人员来说将变得明显而不偏离例如在所附权利要求中限定的本发明的基本思想。

Claims (6)

1.一种电动操作的阀驱动器，其有效地用于使阀（10）在打开位置和闭合位置之间移位，所述阀驱动器包括连接到阀体（14）的阀杆（21）形式的可移动构件，所述可移动构件由电马达（22）驱动而在阀闭合位置和阀打开位置之间线性运动，其中供给到所述马达的电功率经由包括供给电流检测设备的电流控制器（25）供给，其特征在于：
在行程的每个终点处，所述可移动构件针对沿着打开方向和闭合方向的行程空转长度（L）而设计，在所述行程空转长度（L）期间所述阀（10）要么完全打开要么完全闭合，并且
所述可移动构件与缓冲装置（30）相关联，所述缓冲装置（30）在所述行程空转长度期间逐渐地增加分别在所述阀（10）的所述打开位置和所述闭合位置中进一步移动所述可移动构件所需的转矩和功率。
2.如权利要求1所述的驱动器，其中所述可移动构件在阀或驱动器壳体（11）的相对壁之间，并且所述缓冲装置（30）支撑在所述相对壁中的每一个上。
3.如权利要求1所述的驱动器，其中所述可移动构件在阀或驱动器壳体（11）的相对壁之间，并且所述缓冲装置（30）支撑在所述可移动构件的每一端中。
4.如权利要求1到3中的任一项所述的驱动器，其中所述缓冲装置（30）是弹性元件。
5.如权利要求4所述的驱动器，其中所述缓冲装置（30）包括至少一个盘簧。
6.如权利要求5所述的驱动器，其中所述缓冲装置（30）包括一组盘簧，所述一组盘簧中的至少一个具有与所述一组盘簧中的至少一个另外的盘簧的挠度不同的挠度。
CN2010800369463A 2009-08-20 2010-08-18 具有机电终点止动检测设备的电动操作的阀驱动器 Expired - Fee Related CN102549325B (zh)

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NO20092873A NO334421B1 (no) 2009-08-20 2009-08-20 Elektrisk drevet ventilaktuator med elektromekanisk innretning for detektering av endestopp
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US9482359B2 (en) 2016-11-01
WO2011021093A1 (en) 2011-02-24
US20130056658A1 (en) 2013-03-07
NO20092873A1 (no) 2011-02-21
SG178445A1 (en) 2012-03-29
EP2467630A1 (en) 2012-06-27
EP2467630A4 (en) 2017-01-25
CN102549325A (zh) 2012-07-04
AU2010286127B2 (en) 2014-11-20
NO334421B1 (no) 2014-03-03
MY155984A (en) 2015-12-31
BR112012003725A2 (pt) 2019-09-24
AU2010286127A1 (en) 2012-03-22

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