CN102549244A - Electric exhaust gas treating method and electric exhaust gas treating device - Google Patents

Electric exhaust gas treating method and electric exhaust gas treating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102549244A
CN102549244A CN201080046139XA CN201080046139A CN102549244A CN 102549244 A CN102549244 A CN 102549244A CN 201080046139X A CN201080046139X A CN 201080046139XA CN 201080046139 A CN201080046139 A CN 201080046139A CN 102549244 A CN102549244 A CN 102549244A
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exhaust
temperature
particulate matter
electric
diesel engine
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CN201080046139XA
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CN102549244B (en
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古坚宗胜
牧野义
泷川一仪
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Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Ltd
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Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B03C3/014—Addition of water; Heat exchange, e.g. by condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/0275—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means using electric discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/06—Ionising electrode being a needle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/30—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation for use in or with vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/04—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric, e.g. electrostatic, device other than a heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/28—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a plasma reactor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are an electric treatment method for diesel engine exhaust and a device using the method that resolve the problems with conventional diesel engine exhaust treatment technology using corona discharges, facilitating in particular the efficient removal of particulate matter (PM) and especially soluble organic fractions (SOF) from the exhaust of a diesel engine using low-quality fuel, the quality of which is less than or equal to that of fuel oil, as well as stable long-term performance. The electric treatment method for large-displacement diesel engine exhaust removes, with an electrical means, particulate matter mainly composed of insoluble organic fractions (IOF) and soluble organic fractions (SOF) from the exhaust of a diesel engine using low-quality fuel, the quality whereof being less than or equal to that of fuel oil. The particulate matter is removed with the electrical means after the temperature of the total exhaust containing the particulate matter is lowered by a gas cooling means to a temperature which is greater than or equal to 100 DEG C, preferably greater than or equal to 130 DEG C, and which is less than or equal to a temperature in which the ratio (R) of the exhaust temperature to the boiling point of fuel is 0.85.

Description

Electric exhaust gas treatment method and electric exhaust gas treatment device
Technical field
The present invention relates to: that removes, contains in the purification diesel engine exhaust uses with, industry with, generating as the boats and ships of particulate matter of main body (Particulate Matter: below be called PM) or harmful gas with carbon etc.; Particularly use the pump-down process technology of the big air displacement diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below the heavy oil; In more detail; Relate in the big air displacement diesel engine of discharging high-temperature exhaust air, utilize the electrical processing method and the electric treatment device of the exhaust of coronal discharge.
Background technique
Various boats and ships or generator and heavy construction machinery, especially various automobiles etc. are as the extensively scope employing of diesel engine of power source; But the PM that from the exhaust that this diesel engine is discharged, contains; Not only cause well-known pollution of atmosphere; And it is be, so very important to the purification of this exhaust to the human body extremely hazardous substances.Therefore, the method for the electric processing of the improvement of diesel combustion mode or the employing of various discharge filters and employing coronal discharge etc., existing kinds of schemes, wherein a part has supplied practicality.
Utilize coronal discharge to carry out the method for electric processing in this low-emission technology; PM in the exhaust is charged through the coronal discharge of sparking electrode, and the PM that this is charged adopts electrostatic force to capture; Because this sparking electrode is applied several ten thousand volt HVs; In addition, be exposed to and have in corrosive exhaust, so hope to keep for a long time stable performance.In addition, it also is important charged PM more effectively being carried out electrostatic precipitation.
Here; The composition of PM in the exhaust of diesel engine (particulate matter); Can be divided into 2 parts: organic solvent soluble composition (below be called SOF:Soluble Organic Fractions) and organic solvent insoluble composition (below be called ISF:Insoluble Organic Fractions); Wherein, the SOF composition as main component, contains the harmful matters such as Ppolynuclear aromatic of carcinogenesis with the not combustion composition of fuel or lubricant oil.On the other hand, the ISF part is that (Sulfate: sulphate) composition is as main component, and this SOF composition and ISF composition are considered from its influence to human body, environment, hope few exhaust with sulphate with the low carbon of specific resistance (coal ash).Particularly, PM is to the harmful effect degree of organism, and when its particle diameter reached the nm size, can be described as had problem especially.
Here; The inventor etc.; Remove means as SOF composition in the diesel exhaust gas and ISF composition as the capture of the PM of main component, at first propose the static vortex type Exhaust gas purifying device (following be called DPF:Diesel Particulate Filter to this Exhaust gas purifying device) (with reference to patent documentation 1) of electrostatic precipitation machine and whirlwind dust collector combination.When having proposed a kind of this purification plant of employing, in the electrostatic precipitation,, carry out the structure that the insulating property of the sparking electrode of this coronal discharge still can keep for a long time even under the HV of the DC50kV that can capture the PM that contains low-resistivity carbon.
Promptly; This purification plant; Its structure is as shown in Figure 6; Its formation is: induce pipe 7, run through peripheral portion side wall and intercalation that the body wall 1-1 outside of pipe 7 is induced in this exhaust from the body wall 1-1 of the device body outstanding exhaust that is provided with in body; Its front end reach that exhaust is induced near the front end opening of pipe in 7 and the sealing tracheae 5 that is provided with, through sealing tracheae 5, partly separate the front end of its discharging electrode with exhaust passageway 1; From the front end opening of sealing tracheae 5, to the entrapment plate 3 of the electrode needle 4 of the outstanding configuration in the downstream side of exhaust passageway 1, the downstream side configuration of exhaust passageway 1 in this device body, with the high-voltage power apparatus 6 that electrode needle 4 is applied high-voltage dc voltage; Also be provided with: through the coronal discharge of electrode needle 4; The 2-1 of coronal discharge portion of ejected electron 10, the discharge electro-mechanical part that the carbon among the exhaust G1 is constituted with the corona electronics 10 of emitting as the charged electro-mechanical part 2-2 of the particulate matter S of main body; The entrapment plate 3 that captures charged particulate matter S is configured in the body wall 1-1 of device body and constitutes, because electrode needle 4 can capture the PM of the low carbon of the specific resistance that contains in the electrostatic precipitation, even must form when applying the HV that reaches DC50kV; The still retainable structure of the insulating property of the electrode needle 4 of coronal discharge; That is, as shown in Figure 7, form the peripheral part of electrode needle 4; The multi-layer coating that is formed by the 1st layer of insulator lining 4-a that contains insulating material lining, the 2nd layer of insulator lining 4-b, the 3rd layer of insulator lining 4-c is covered; And front end 4-1 is from the structure of the outstanding certain-length of opening end of sealing tracheae 5, and the PM arresting efficiency that goes far towards diesel exhaust gas improves and the maintenance persistency.Also have, 4-d is that ground wire, G2 are sealing gas.
On the other hand, as the method for the charged PM of electrostatic precipitation, known have patent documentation 2 disclosed Exhaust gas purifying devices.This Exhaust gas purifying device cools off the SOF composition in the exhaust, condense and liquefies, and forms to have adhering mist; The SOF composition that this is vaporific through " birdlime principle ", is supplied the ultra micro small-particle; Carry out the loose character of aggegation, and, because this static aggegation produces near acting on collecting electrode; As long as near this collecting electrode, cool off, then can utilize the character that promotes static aggegation effect, only at the wall of the collecting electrode (with reference to Fig. 1, the symbol 11a of patent documentation 2) of charged PM aggegation by cooling energetically; Through being used as tackiness agent to the liquid SOF composition that adheres on this collecting electrode wall, make electric capture object component generation aggegation.
The existing technology document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1 spy opens the 2008-19849 communique
No. 4529013 communique of patent documentation 2 special permissions
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention will solve
But, utilize coronal discharge etc. that the PM in the exhaust is carried out in the treatment of diesel exhaust technology of electric processing, produce the problem of the following stated.
That is, generating with or boats and ships with motor etc., the transportation diesel of the light oil few with using sulphur content is compared; Have especially big air displacement, and, to use be below the heavy oil low-quality, (the relative light oil of heavy oil contains the sulphur content about 10～70 times to contain a large amount of sulphur content; According to JIS K2204: light oil, K2205: the big air displacement diesel engine of fuel heavy oil), for example, when adopting the Exhaust gas purifying device of record in the existing patent documentation 1; Sulphur content in the low-grade fuel below the heavy oil not only contains as SOF in exhaust, and becomes sulphate; So must overcome the launch device component parts, particularly the parts that relate to exhaust produced the problem of corrosion.
In addition, use the float tolerance diesel engine of the automobile installation of the poor high-grade fuel light oil of sulphur content to use patent documentation 2 disclosed technology to be, owing near dust collecting electrode, produce the static agglutination; So needn't cool off all gas, as long as can promote static aggegation effect near the cooling dust collecting electrode, so only near dust collecting electrode, one after the other cool off; Make condense, liquefying becomes possibility, makes its charged and technology that capture, but big air displacement such as use that the oceangoing ship of the low-grade fuel below the heavy oil is used; The diesel engine that flow velocity is fast and delivery temperature is high, or when adopting the many motor of PM discharge capacity is cooled to the condense part of temperature of liquefaction of PM in the high-temperature exhaust air; Only near the part cooling that fixes on the collecting electrode,, cool off and become insufficient so cooling capacity is not enough; When the supply of PM increases; Do not increase PM when cooling, since uncolled and temperature is high, be discharged from so contain the exhaust of PM.In addition, SOF composition or sulphate composition near its exhaust are flow through near the only cooling collecting electrode; By condensed liquefaction, the capture, from the part that collecting electrode leaves, mobile exhaust almost is not cooled; So the SOF composition in this exhaust body, the liquefaction of not condensed.Therefore, the part of leaving from collecting electrode, the SOF composition collection at large in the exhaust of flowing and discharging.Therefore; Use the big air displacement diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below the above-mentioned heavy oil; When adopting the Exhaust gas purifying device of record in the patent documentation 2 that uses the poor high-grade fuel light oil of sulphur content; The launch device that not only above-mentioned sulphate composition causes becomes the component corrosion problem, and has the PM in the exhaust, particularly has the problem of fully not carrying out of removing of SOF composition.
Here; The inventor etc. are in view of this problem; In order to solve the problems referred to above point of the existing diesel pump-down process technology of utilizing coronal discharge, a kind of big air displacement of particularly using the low-grade fuel below the heavy oil is provided, the PM in the diesel exhaust gas of high speed and/or high-flow air-exhaust; Particularly can efficiently remove SOF composition or sulphate composition, bring into play the electrical processing method and the device thereof of the diesel exhaust gas of long-term and stable performance simultaneously.
Be used to solve the means of problem
The 1st invention of the present invention; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with SOF composition and ISF composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; Pass through gas quench system; Whole delivery temperatures that will contain particulate matter drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature after, remove said particulate matter through electric device and it is characterized in that, use contain in the exhaust of diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below the heavy oil with composition and composition particulate matter as main body.
The 2nd invention of the present invention; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with SOF composition and ISF composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that, the upstream portion of the exhaust passageway in electric exhaust gas treatment device configuration gas cooling portion, said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature; Through said gas cooling portion the time; The particulate matter that contains in the exhaust that temperature has been descended, through electric device charged, capture, remove thus.
The 3rd invention of the present invention; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with SOF composition and ISF composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device is characterized in that, the upstream portion configuration gas cooling portion of the exhaust passageway in the electric exhaust gas treatment device; Said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, preferred more than 130 ℃; Below the temperature of representing than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature, through said gas cooling portion the time, the particulate matter that contains in the exhaust that temperature has been descended; Charged through adopting electronics that coronal discharge emits, capture, remove thus.
The 4th invention of the present invention; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with SOF composition and ISF composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; The upstream portion configuration gas cooling portion of the exhaust passageway in the electric exhaust gas treatment device; Said gas cooling portion is that the temperature with whole exhausts drops to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represented than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature, through said gas cooling portion the time, is the particulate matter of the supercooling gaseous state of representing than R with delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature below 0.85 with the organic solvent soluble composition that constitutes particulate matter; The electronics of having emitted through coronal discharge and charged, capture, remove thus.
As the 5th inventive point, in electric exhaust gas treatment method of the present invention, following scheme is preferred: in the downstream side of above-mentioned gas cooling part, through moisture trap, make from the exhaust of having passed through gas cooling portion, to separate and remove condensed water.
The 6th invention of the present invention; It is for will in the exhaust of the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil, contain with SOF composition and ISF composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment device of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; Constitute below forming: the upstream portion of the exhaust passageway in said treatment device possesses gas cooling portion; Said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature; Portion has the discharge electro-mechanical part in the middle reaches of said exhaust passageway, and the coronal discharge portion that said discharge electro-mechanical part possesses through the coronal discharge ejected electron makes the charged electro-mechanical part of particulate matter with the corona electronics of emitting, and possesses the trap portion of the particulate matter that captures charged at the downstream portion of exhaust passageway; When gas cooling portion is passed through in said exhaust; Make the organic solvent soluble composition of said particulate matter become the supercooling gaseous state of representing than R scope with the delivery temperature below 0.85/fuel boiling temperature, send into said discharge electro-mechanical part, said particulate matter is removed through electric device.
The 7th invention of the present invention; It is for will in the exhaust of the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil, contain with SOF composition and ISF composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment device of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; Constitute below forming: the upstream portion of the exhaust passageway in said treatment device possesses gas cooling portion; Said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature, the portion in the middle reaches of exhaust passageway, the configuration periphery is by the electrode needle of multi-layer structure tunicle lining; Have and possess the discharge electro-mechanical part that coronal discharge portion that adopts the coronal discharge ejected electron through said electrode needle and the corona electronics of emitting make the charged electro-mechanical part of particulate matter; Downstream portion at exhaust passageway has the trap portion that captures charged particulate matter, when gas cooling portion is passed through in exhaust, makes the organic solvent soluble composition of said particulate matter become the supercooling gaseous state of representing than R with the delivery temperature below 0.85/fuel boiling temperature; Send into said discharge electro-mechanical part, said particulate matter is removed through electric device.
As the 8th invention, in the electric exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention, following scheme is preferred: the downstream side at the above-mentioned gas cooling part is provided with moisture trap, and said moisture trap will separate from the exhaust of having passed through gas cooling portion removes condensed water.
The invention effect
The electrical processing method of diesel exhaust gas of the present invention and device; Be that means are handled in the exhaust gas purification that is widely used as the diesel engine of boats and ships, generator, heavy construction machinery and various car power sources; Particularly uses such as boats and ships, generating, industry machine are contained big air displacement, high speed of the low-grade fuel below the many heavy oil of sulphur content and/or discharge effectively removing of containing in the diesel exhaust gas of the low-grade fuel below the high use heavy oil of the delivery temperature of diesel engine or discharge of high-flow air-exhaust, reach high-caliber exhaust gas purification rate with the ISF composition of carbon, sulphate etc. and SOF composition harmful particulate matter PM as main body.
In addition, use the removal of the PM that contains in the diesel exhaust gas of the low-grade fuel below the heavy oil, can be with high purification ratio in long-time; Stable continuing carries out; For example, even in the diesel engine of such use, still can reach the excellent results of the freedom from repairs in fact that requires in the automobile component etc. etc.
In addition, can significantly reduce the PM particle that organism is had dysgenic nm size, go far towards the improvement of atmosphere environment.
Also have, the electrical processing method of exhaust of the present invention and treatment device also can effectively use in the exhaust gas purification of not only diesel engine, and the various device of the low-grade fuel below use contains the many heavy oil of sulphur content, device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure of the relation of delivery temperature and the capture rate of diesel engine among expression the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the boiling point diagram of the astatki of expression diesel engine use.
First embodiment's that Fig. 3 constitutes for the configuration of the electric exhaust gas treatment device of the diesel engine that the present invention relates to of expression Block Diagram.
Second embodiment's that Fig. 4 constitutes for the configuration of the electric exhaust gas treatment device of the diesel engine that the present invention relates to of expression Block Diagram.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the particle size distribution of PM particle in the expression embodiments of the invention 1.
Fig. 6 is the broad cross-section map of one of the electrostatic precipitation portion example of the electric exhaust gas treatment device of the existing diesel engine of expression.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view that the corona discharge electrode portion of electric exhaust gas treatment device shown in Figure 6 amplifies.
Embodiment
The inventor etc.; In order to be adapted to the strict regulations of exhaust; To the Diesel Engine Exhaust Pipe in the exhaust gas treatment device of diesel engine; Adopt Fig. 6, static whirlwind DPF device and following exhaust cooling unit of the present invention shown in Figure 7, the PM catching device in the exhaust has been made the exhaust gas purification situation of various improvement and investigated further.
The result finds, through on the exhaust pipe arrangement heat exchanger being set, cools off whole exhausts in advance, imports the delivery temperature height of static whirlwind DPF shown in Figure 1, and the PM capture rate is had very big influence.Here, the PM capture rate is defined as: capture rate=1-(the PM concentration after DPF handles)/(the PM concentration before DPF handles).In addition, PM concentration is measured according to the method for ISO/DIS8173-1 regulation.
Also have, so-called PM of the present invention is meant the method that adopts above-mentioned ISO/DIS8173-1, the total material that traps on the catcher/filter.
Whole capture rate of PM (SOF composition+ISF composition) among Fig. 1, with η PM represent, the capture rate of SOF composition with η SOF represent, the capture rate of ISF composition representes with η ISF.Can know that from Fig. 1 along with delivery temperature reduces, the PM capture rate raises.That is, can know: exhaust is cooling more, and all the capture rate of PM (SOF composition+ISF composition) more rises, and its rising trend is ISF composition＜PM＜SOF composition.
The composition that had the greatest impact by delivery temperature is the SOF composition, and along with delivery temperature reduces, the capture rate of SOF composition (η SOF) significantly improves.That is, can know: the state that delivery temperature is high, for example when the delivery temperature that surpasses 300 ℃, the SOF composition is difficult to reach high and captures.On the other hand, oneself knows that the temperature effect of exhaust is less to the ISF composition.
Here, be inclined to, from reference " Japanese マ リ Application エ Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ learns to compile: put down into 17 annual boats and ships discharge pollution of atmosphere materials and cut down the technical research investigation report; Japanese マ リ Application エ Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ learns, in March, 2006, p58-60. " about the temperature that the SOF composition captures; And reference " Japanese マ リ Application エ Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ association compiles: the マ リ Application エ Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ operator basic コ-ス that continues educating; Japanese マ リ Application エ Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ association, in July, 2009, p315-3170 " can be known; The PM concentration determination method that adopts JISZ8808 to confirm; Insert the filter that captures usefulness in the outlet pipe, the suction exhaust is because this exhaust is directly passed through filter with the high temperature former state; So this method of employing we can say ISF composition among the PM that only captures in the exhaust, and can not capture the SOF composition.
The reason that can not capture this SOF composition can think that at the delivery temperature height in the stage of discharging from diesel engine, and most of SOF composition is in gaseous state.This shows that employing can capture solid or liquid particle, JIS that can not captured gas captures with mechanical type filters such as filter or ceramic DPF, can not capture the SOF composition.
Therefore, the self-temperature of exhaust is high, and; Big flow, flow velocity are fast, in addition, and to being discharged to the outside; The boats and ships that delivery temperature reduces big air displacement diesel engine such as use with, generating with, industry machine, when the Exhaust gas purifying device of the pump-down process related device that uses float tolerance diesel engines such as automobile before this, suck the preceding delivery temperature height of Exhaust gas purifying device; SOF composition in the exhaust is in gaseous state, so can not fully remove the SOF composition.
On the other hand,, can not make gas charged, capture so can not carry out static even the material that can capture in the occasion of electrostatic precipitation is charged by the particle that dried corona electronics can be solid or liquid.
Therefore, if in electrostatic precipitation, capture the SOF composition, then just from the exhaust that motor is discharged; SOF composition as gas through certain effect, condenses from gaseous state; Liquefy; It is necessary existing in electrostatic precipitation portion (for example, charged discharge parts 2 shown in Figure 6, particularly near the zone 3 from electro-mechanical part 2-2 to entrapment plate).
In addition, can think along with delivery temperature raises that the gas componant composition in the SOF composition increases, it is understandable that the higher capture rate temperature shown in Figure 1 that more reduces of the capture rate of SOF composition, delivery temperature is inclined to.
Below, the capture mechanism of the SOF composition in the electrostatic precipitation of the present invention, sulphate composition is described.
Carbon (C) number of the hydrocarbon composition that the figure as the boiling point of the astatki of hydrocarbon that Fig. 2 uses for the expression diesel engine, transverse axis are in the fuel to be contained, the longitudinal axis are the boiling point of this composition.The boiling point of each composition is represented with the curve binding among Fig. 2.The chemical general formula C of the hydrocarbon corresponding with the mark of the carbon number n of transverse axis nH mIn, m depends on the chemical structure of hydrocarbon, for example, paraffinic (chain type saturated hydrocarbon) in this way, then chemical general formula is C nH 2n+2, when being carbon number n greater than 17 general astatki, higher hydrocarbon composition Ppolynuclear aromatic component content is more than light oil.Also have, the carbon number n of the light oil of standard is 14＜n＜20.
Here, from the SOF composition act as a fuel or lubricant oil do not fire the main component that composition generates, consider to flow into the delivery temperature of DPF and the boiling point of fuel.
Be arranged on the DPF inlet side in the air outlet duct system of diesel engine, when the temperature of exhaust was higher than the boiling point of fuel, SOF composition majority existed with gaseous state; Otherwise when the temperature of exhaust was lower than the boiling point of fuel, the SOF composition in the exhaust condensed; Form liquid state, in fact, the SOF composition is the gas former state of unsettled supercooling state; Therefore only with mechanical catching devices such as filter that captures usefulness or porcelain filters, can not capture the SOF composition of this gaseous state.
Also have, can think that the sulphate composition is the main component that the sulphur content that contains in the fuel is oxidized, produce, and in its form of condensing, appears and the same form of above-mentioned SOF composition.
Here; Discoveries such as the inventor like Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, make the cooling unit of whole air displacement coolings in the inlet side setting of electric exhaust gas treatment device; Carrying out the result that all changes experimentize to the whole delivery temperatures that import exhaust gas treatment device shows; As shown in Figure 1, through reducing delivery temperature, can improve the capture rate of PM.
Promptly; Import in exhaust before the discharge electro-mechanical part of exhaust gas treatment device, the temperature of whole exhausts is reduced, strengthen the cooling degree (boiling point of this composition and the temperature difference of delivery temperature) of SOF composition; At this state; When the exhaust electron radiation, be in the SOF composition or the sulphate composition of the gaseous state (gaseous state) of supercooled state through coronal discharge, through the stimulation of the electronics liquefaction of condensing.This phenomenon is similar with the phenomenon of understanding through the inferior fog chamber of Weir.The SOF particle that this has liquefied as through coronal discharge and charged, then adopts electrostatic precipitation can capture the SOF composition.In addition, can think that the sulphate composition too.This is the mechanism that SOF composition and sulfuric acid salinity are captured in the electrostatic precipitation of inferences such as the inventor.
According to this mechanism, the cooling degree of SOF composition, sulphate composition is bigger, and promptly delivery temperature is lower, can promote condensing of SOF composition or sulphate composition, so can improve the capture rate of SOF composition and sulphate composition.
So, through reducing the temperature of exhaust, can improve the capture rate of SOF composition and sulphate composition.As the method that this delivery temperature is reduced, carrying out the device portal side of electrostatic precipitation, the heat-exchange devices such as heat exchanger that before boats and ships are provided with, are provided with are as the exhaust cooling unit.In addition, the exhaust cooling unit as other is provided with the spraying device of water or seawater etc.; Its water droplet by the evaporation fully of aggegation ground, at this moment, is not drawn heat of vaporization from exhaust; The method that temperature is reduced also can adopt, because water droplet does not evaporate and aggegation fully, in electrostatic dust-collecting device, accumulates to the water droplet former state; Become the corrosion of device, essential attention.Yet device materials has corrosion resistance, and for example, (for example, Nippon Steel Manufacturing Corp makes, trade name: S-TEN1) etc., can be used as countermeasure to adopt stainless steel, corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point.
In addition, never make the water droplet aggegation and evaporate this some consideration, the spraying of hope employing high-temperature water or high temperature seawater fully.This high-temperature spray opens shown in 2001-132937 communique, the paragraph 0,007 first like the reference spy; Owing to be high-temperature water, the water droplet particle does not form supersaturation vapor pressure, therefore; Aggegation does not take place in water droplet each other, and directly evaporation reduces, and the quick cooling of exhaust becomes possibility; The second, because about about 1/3 when being reduced to normal temperature of the viscosity of water, the water droplet particle is with very tiny state spraying.Here, spraying, as far as the boats and ships of marine navigation, it is economical favourable using seawater.
In addition, as the method that delivery temperature is descended, not only can adopt the spraying device of heat-exchange device, water or seawater such as above-mentioned heat exchanger separately, and can these combinations be used.
In the present invention, from gas cooling portion discharge, whole delivery temperatures of the discharge electro-mechanical part of inflow gas treatment device, the reason that is limited to more than 100 ℃ is; When being lower than 100 ℃, the moisture in the exhaust etc. condense on collection face in a large number; The PM particulate of piling up on the collection face adheres to through the moisture that condenses, and is difficult to peel off from collection face; In the gas stream of exhaust, be difficult to move about downwards with the state that sudden and violent shape of sand or snow shape disperse, dance in the air, it is difficult that its reprocessing becomes.Also have, actual situation is that the temperature of whole exhausts that discharge from gas cooling portion, inflow gas treatment device discharge electro-mechanical part as about 130 ℃, above-mentioned unfavorable condition takes place hardly then, considers it is preferred from the reprocessing of PM particulate.Therefore, in the present invention, the temperature of above-mentioned whole exhausts preferably reaches more than 130 ℃.
In addition; In the downstream side of gas cooling portion, the upstream side of electrostatic precipitation portion; Through moisture trap is set, from pass through the exhaust of gas cooling portion, the condensed water of suspensions such as the water vapour of burning generation, SOF composition, sulphate composition, carbon; Separate in advance and remove, also can be cooled to the temperature of whole exhausts about 100 ℃.
Among the present invention,, can adopt delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature to compare R by following formula 1 definition as expression delivery temperature cooling level index.
[formula 1]
Delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is than the boiling point of R=delivery temperature ÷ astatki
Also have, the boiling point of the various compositions that contain in the heavy oil of diesel fuel etc. has nothing in common with each other certainly, in the present invention, as benchmark, adopts its boiling point with the composition of the carbon number lower limit of the heavy oil composition that uses, calculates delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature and compares R.Its reason is, as with the composition boiling point of carbon number lower limit as benchmark, decision " delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is than R "; Carbon number composition the more then, boiling point are higher, and the average supercooling degree of contained whole compositions becomes bigger in the heavy oil; The result shows that capturing this point from PM sees, becomes favourable.
This delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature adopts marine diesel engine than the optimum value of R, and fuel uses A heavy oil to experimentize and obtains.The carbon number lower limit composition of the heavy oil composition that uses in the test adopts heptadecane C17H36 (C=17), adopts its boiling point (about 300 ℃), calculates delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature and compares R.This result shows, when carrying out electrostatic precipitation, as in the delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature of discharge electro-mechanical part inlet side than R preferable range, hope below 0.85, more preferably below 0.70.Its reason is that when delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature surpassed 0.85 than R, almost all SOF composition, sulphate composition liquefied.Promptly; Through in the exhaust of gas cooling portion, the organic solvent soluble composition SOF composition and the sulphate composition of PM particle are hoped being that supercooling gaseous state below 0.85 is sent into the discharge electro-mechanical part in delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature than R; Surpass 0.85 state than R in this delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature; The SOF composition and the sulphate composition of gaseous state are residual in a large number, the liquefaction of condensing of fully the SOF composition and the sulphate composition of amount, the charged discharge parts in the back; Do not form charged supercooling gaseous state, can not get satisfied purifying effect.
So; Among the present invention,, be cooled to the temperature of whole exhausts of diesel engine discharge the suitable temperature of pump-down process at the inlet side of exhaust gas treatment device; Can effectively capture the PM in whole exhausts; Particularly, when delivery temperature was higher than the boiling point of hydrocarbon composition of fuel mix primary coil of use, this effect obtained performance more.Particularly; Large-scale, big air displacement, high speed and/or big flows such as boats and ships are used, generating is used, the industry machine is used are discharged the diesel fuel of exhaust; During when the C heavy oil that uses the many C heavy oil of crude oil residue composition, heating or the fuel that mixes with the A heavy oil of heating (contain the SOF composition or the sulphate composition is many), to the fuel more than the sulphur content of tar ingredients (pitch composition) hydrogenation etc., can obtain significant effect.
Also have; The formation of electric exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention; Both can be the device that only has the electrostatic precipitation portion that is made up of discharge electro-mechanical part shown in Figure 62 and entrapment plate 3 in time position of gas quench system, in addition, also can be to have the 2nd trap portion on time position of electrostatic precipitation portion; For example, the device of whirlwind dust collecting section of patent documentation 1 etc.
Embodiment
Secondly, use embodiment, illustrate in greater detail the present invention.
In order to confirm effect of the present invention, adopt the marine diesel engine that acts as a fuel with A heavy oil, adopt electric exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention to carry out following test.Also have, in following embodiment,, adopt the boiling point (about 300 ℃) of heptadecane C17H36 (C=17) according to the boiling point of [formula 1] delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature than the astatki in the calculating of R.
In following embodiment, at first, carry out the measurement of PM capture rate according to the method for above-mentioned ISO/DIS8173-1.
Secondly, in order to investigate the capture situation of nm size PM particle in the exhaust, adopt measuring fine particles device (SMPS; Scanning moves particle size analyzer) particle number below the particle diameter 500nm in unit of measurement's volume, handle PM particle number the exhaust after diesel engine has just been discharged and employing purification method of the present invention that the PM particle number compares in the exhaust after whole exhausts.The unit of particle number adopts individual/cm 3Expression.
In addition; Embodiment 1～5 as first embodiment; Employing has the device of the static whirlwind DPF device configuration formation as shown in Figure 3 of electrostatic precipitation portion and whirlwind dust collecting section; As second embodiment's embodiment 6～9, the device that adopts the electrostatic precipitation portion that possesses discharge electro-mechanical part and trap portion configuration as shown in Figure 4 to constitute.Also have, the exhaust cooling means among each embodiment is used the exhaust cooling unit that is made up of known water-cooled multi tube heat exchanger.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment as first embodiment; Use device shown in Figure 3; From whole exhausts of motor, to cool off through gas quench system, the delivery temperature of DPF inlet side is decided to be 247 ℃; Delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is set in 0.82 than R, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1.
Also have, in table 1, the delivery temperature of DPF inlet side, the delivery temperature that the cooling unit that expression adopts Fig. 3, device shown in Figure 4 to constitute cools off.In addition; The evaluation of catching; PM capture rate more than 80%, SOF capture rate more than 70%, ISF capture rate are represented with ◎ more than 85%; PM capture rate more than 70%, SOF capture rate more than 60%, ISF capture rate represent with zero more than 80%, and PM capture rate more than 60%, SOF capture rate 50%, ISF capture rate represent with △ more than 70%, the PM capture rate less than 60%, the SOF capture rate less than 50%, the ISF capture rate is less than 80% usefulness * expression.
In addition, in the present embodiment, measure the PM particle trapping situation of nm size.Its result is shown in Fig. 5.Can know that from result shown in Figure 5 the particle number distribution situation (representing with dotted line) of the peak value of the PM particle that has just contained the exhaust after diesel engine is discharged is 1.5 * 10 7Individual/cm 3, and cool off the PM particle number distribution situation of implementing after whole exhausts after the purified treatment (representing) in advance with solid line, be 1.7 * 10 6Individual/cm 3, the PM particle number of nm size reduces greatly.This is because the major part of the PM particle of nm size is SOF composition and sulphate composition, and through the reduction delivery temperature, SOF composition and sulphate composition condense, due to electrostatic precipitation portion is captured.
Embodiment 2
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 223 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.74 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Embodiment 3
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 198 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.66 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Embodiment 4
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 177 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.59 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, the delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side is decided to be 155 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.52 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Embodiment 6
Present embodiment as second embodiment; Adopt device shown in Figure 4; The delivery temperature of DPF inlet side is decided to be 240 ℃; Delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.80 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Embodiment 7
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 200 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.67 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 6, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Embodiment 8
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 151 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.50 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 6, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Embodiment 9
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 105 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.35 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 6, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Comparative example 1
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 357 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 1.19 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.It is uncolled and carry out the situation of electric purified treatment that this comparative example is equivalent in fact exhaust.
Comparative example 2
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 300 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 1.00 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Comparative example 3
The delivery temperature of removing the DPF inlet side in the present embodiment is decided to be 274 ℃, and delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature is decided to be beyond 0.91 than R, makes an experiment equally with embodiment 1, measures SOF capture rate (η SOF), PM capture rate (η PM) and ISF capture rate (η ISF).Its result is shown in table 1 in the lump.
Table 1
Can know from table 1, like delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature than R below 0.85, can obtain SOF capture rate (η SOF) more than 60%, PM capture rate (η PM) more than 75%, ISF capture rate (η ISF) is in the high capture rate more than 80%.
On the other hand, the comparative example that delivery temperature is high can not get the essential result who satisfies.
This result shows; The mean P M discharge rate of marine diesel engine; Usually reach about 0.6g/kWh, the PM discharge rate of having equipped the boats and ships that PM capture rate (η PM) reaches big air displacement use for diesel engine electric exhaust gas treatment device shown in the embodiment more than 75% is below 0.6 * (1-0.75)=0.15g/kWh.
This value; (" Japanese マ リ Application エ Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ association compiles: put down into 19 annual boats and ships and discharge the pollution of atmosphere materials and cut down the technical research investigation reports; Japanese マ リ Application エ Application ジ ニ ア リ Application グ association; in March, 2008, p90) 0.27g/kWh with reference to reference to have satisfied specified value in the 3rd regulation cases of 2012 year of the U.S. that the PM that implements boats and ships discharges regulation greatly.
Also have, the device as shown in Figure 3 that in embodiment 1～5, uses, the PM aggegation ulking thickness that electrostatic precipitation portion captures increases excessive, peels off as PM aggegation piece.The PM aggegation piece that this has been peeled off is captured by the whirlwind dust collecting section of back segment, is recycled to dust collecting box and preserves.In addition, when using device shown in Figure 4 among the embodiment 6～9,, also can adopt mechanical vibration or scrape (scrubbing) device etc., be recycled to dust collecting box and preserve by the PM that electrostatic precipitation portion captures.
In addition, the present invention is provided with moisture trap through the downstream side at the exhaust cooling unit in Fig. 3, device shown in Figure 4, can from exhaust, separate and/or remove condensed water.Through removing this condensed water in advance; The resultant that comes bin cure that contains in the condensed water or from the resultant of nitrogen reduces in exhaust, comes the resultant of bin cure or be adsorbed ISF (coal ash) attached to the PM in the condensed water from the resultant of nitrogen to go up and reduce; PM in the exhaust (SOF, ISF) and reduce from the content of the resultant of nitrogen; The load of DPF is alleviated, and simultaneously, the impaired worry of the durability of motor and associated components can further reduce.This effect is remarkable especially when the delivery temperature of discharging from the exhaust cooling unit reaches 100 ℃ of left and right sides.Also have, needn't use above-mentioned moisture trap, can remove condensed water fully; Big particle separates with baffle plate (separating plate) collision; Fine liquid particle and solid particle, charged through the coronal discharge of back segment, be adsorbed on the control of dust that is captured on the entrapment plate through Coulomb force and remove.
[explanation of symbol]
1 exhaust passageway
The 1-1 body wall
2 discharge electro-mechanical parts
2-1 coronal discharge portion
The 2-2 electro-mechanical part
3 entrapment plates
4 electrode needle
The 1st layer of insulator lining of 4-a
The 2nd layer of conductor lining of 4-b
The 3rd layer of insulator lining of 4-c
The 4-d ground wire
5 sealing tracheaes
6 high-voltage power apparatus
Pipe is induced in 7 exhausts
8 PM
10 corona electronics
The G1 exhaust
The G2 blanket gas

Claims (8)

1. electric exhaust gas treatment method; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with organic solvent insoluble composition and organic solvent soluble composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; Through gas quench system, whole delivery temperatures that will contain said particulate matter drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature after, remove said particulate matter through electric device.
2. electric exhaust gas treatment method; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with organic solvent insoluble composition and organic solvent soluble composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that, the upstream portion of the exhaust passageway in electric exhaust gas treatment device configuration gas cooling portion, said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature; Through said gas cooling portion the time; The particulate matter that contains in the exhaust that temperature has been descended, through electric device charged, capture, remove thus.
3. electric exhaust gas treatment method; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with organic solvent insoluble composition and organic solvent soluble composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device is characterized in that, the upstream portion configuration gas cooling portion of the exhaust passageway in the electric exhaust gas treatment device; Said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, preferred more than 130 ℃; Below the temperature of representing than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature, through said gas cooling portion the time, the particulate matter that contains in the exhaust that temperature has been descended; Charged through adopting electronics that coronal discharge emits, capture, remove thus.
4. electric exhaust gas treatment method; It is contain in the exhaust with the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil with organic solvent insoluble composition and organic solvent soluble composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment method of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; The upstream portion configuration gas cooling portion of the exhaust passageway in the electric exhaust gas treatment device; Said gas cooling portion is that the temperature with whole exhausts drops to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represented than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature, through said gas cooling portion the time, is the particulate matter of the supercooling gaseous state of representing than R with delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature below 0.85 with the organic solvent soluble composition that constitutes particulate matter; The electronics of having emitted through coronal discharge and charged, capture, remove thus.
5. according to any one described electric exhaust gas treatment method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the downstream side in said gas cooling portion through moisture trap, makes from the exhaust of having passed through gas cooling portion, to separate and removes condensed water.
6. electric exhaust gas treatment device; It is for will in the exhaust of the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil, contain with organic solvent insoluble composition and organic solvent soluble composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment device of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; Constitute below forming: the upstream portion of the exhaust passageway in said treatment device possesses gas cooling portion; Said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature; Portion has the discharge electro-mechanical part in the middle reaches of said exhaust passageway, and the coronal discharge portion that said discharge electro-mechanical part possesses through the coronal discharge ejected electron makes the charged electro-mechanical part of said particulate matter with the corona electronics of emitting, and possesses the trap portion of the said particulate matter that captures charged at the downstream portion of said exhaust passageway; In said exhaust during through said gas cooling portion; Make the organic solvent soluble composition of said particulate matter become the supercooling gaseous state of representing than R scope with the delivery temperature below 0.85/fuel boiling temperature, send into said discharge electro-mechanical part, said particulate matter is removed through electric device.
7. electric exhaust gas treatment device; It is for will in the exhaust of the diesel engine of the low-grade fuel below using heavy oil, contain with organic solvent insoluble composition and organic solvent soluble composition particulate matter as main body; The electric exhaust gas treatment device of the big air displacement diesel engine of removing through electric device; It is characterized in that; Constitute below forming: the upstream portion of the exhaust passageway in said treatment device possesses gas cooling portion; Said gas cooling portion be the temperature with whole exhausts drop to more than 100 ℃, below the temperature preferred more than 130 ℃, that represent than R=0.85 by delivery temperature/fuel boiling temperature, the portion in the middle reaches of said exhaust passageway, the configuration periphery is by the electrode needle of multi-layer structure tunicle lining; Have and possess the discharge electro-mechanical part that coronal discharge portion that adopts the coronal discharge ejected electron through said electrode needle and the corona electronics of emitting make the charged electro-mechanical part of said particulate matter; Have the trap portion that captures charged said particulate matter at the downstream portion of said exhaust passageway, during through said gas cooling portion, make the organic solvent soluble composition of said particulate matter become the supercooling gaseous state of representing than R with the delivery temperature below 0.85/fuel boiling temperature in said exhaust; Send into said discharge electro-mechanical part, said particulate matter is removed through electric device.
8. according to the electric exhaust gas treatment device described in claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that in the downstream side of said gas cooling portion moisture trap is set, said moisture trap will separate removes condensed water from the exhaust of having passed through gas cooling portion.
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