CN102541045A - Method for automatically testing programmable logic controller program - Google Patents
Method for automatically testing programmable logic controller program Download PDFInfo
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- CN102541045A CN102541045A CN2010106244730A CN201010624473A CN102541045A CN 102541045 A CN102541045 A CN 102541045A CN 2010106244730 A CN2010106244730 A CN 2010106244730A CN 201010624473 A CN201010624473 A CN 201010624473A CN 102541045 A CN102541045 A CN 102541045A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for automatically testing a programmable logic controller program. The developed programmable logic controller program can be put into formal operation only after errors are eliminated through a great number of tests, and the traditional method for testing the programmable logic controller program is extremely low in efficiency. The method for automatically testing the programmable logic controller program comprises the following steps of: executing the programmable logic controller program to be tested in a simulating mode and reading testing data for testing, wherein the testing data comprises at least one testing data record and is a text file which is modified in a text editing mode and can be quickly formed and repeatedly used. By the testing method, the problems of the programmable logic controller program can be quickly found, the testing efficiency is greatly increased, a programmable logic controller is convenient to teach, and the development process of the programmable logic controller program is quickened.
Description
Technical field
This patent relates to a kind of method of testing the programmable logic controller (PLC) program.Be particularly related to a kind of method of using the batch testing data recording to test the programmable logic controller (PLC) program automatically.
Background technology
Programmable logic controller (PLC) is the calculation element that uses in a kind of industry automatic control.It is widely used in industry-by-industries such as iron and steel, oil, chemical industry, electric power, building materials, machine-building, automobile, light textile, communications and transportation, space flight, environmental protection and entertainment.The little family expenses equipment that arrives arrives the space flight equipment greatly, and the application of programmable logic controller (PLC) is all arranged.
After the programmable logic controller (PLC) program development is come out, must be through a large amount of tests, could drop into commencement of commercial operation after the debug.The method of testing that adopts at present is all quite original, has three kinds substantially:
1) on-the-spot test.Directly be installed to the programmable logic controller (PLC) program that writes in the on-the-spot programmable logic controller (PLC) machine, through on-the-spot operation test programmable logic controller (PLC) program correctness.Such as being installed to the programmable logic controller (PLC) program of control elevator in the programmable logic controller (PLC) machine in the elevator, through the button that operates an elevator, whether the operation of observing elevator meets the requirements.The link though this method is absolutely necessary, their elapsed times are very long, and the coverage rate of test is limited, and also inconvenience use in school instruction.
2) off-line test.Programmable logic controller (PLC) is connected to PC; Operation through PC control programmable logic controller (PLC) program; Perhaps in the programmable logic controller (PLC) software simulator, move the programmable logic controller (PLC) program; The test man clicks the input signal that button screen produces programmable logic controller (PLC), and whether viewing lamp is luminous according to the order and the array mode of expection then, perhaps produces an output waveform figure.This mode need not used the machine of working site, and in time part is got rid of the mistake of programmable logic controller (PLC) program.But the efficient of the manual mode of input signal one by one is very low, and test process can't be reused a large amount of reperformance tests operations of needs still in the test.Suppose that test process needs 1,000 test inputs, program debug is revised 20 times, just needs 20,000 test inputs so altogether.
3) manual test load button device.This device directly connects with the programmable logic controller (PLC) machine, and manual button is arranged on the device, and the input signal of button can directly be sent into the programmable logic controller (PLC) machine.The operator is through the manual input signal that produces, and whether the operation of test programmable logic controller (PLC) meets the expected requirements.This method of testing is similar with off-line test, has just made the inner virtual push button of computer into actual button.Its same a kind of method has identical shortcoming, is exactly that testing efficiency is very low.
Summary of the invention
Based on the deficiency of above prior art, the automatic test approach that the present invention adopts can improve the efficient of test greatly.The method of a kind of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program of the present invention; Read in a programmable logic controller (PLC) program to be tested on the one hand; Read in preprepared test data on the other hand; Simulation execution programmable logic controller (PLC) program produces output, and whether these outputs of self-verifying meet the expected requirements then.In order to reach above purpose, the method for a kind of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program that the present invention uses is made up of following several steps:
The program read step---read in programmable logic controller (PLC) program and test data to be tested
The process analysis step---programmable logic controller (PLC) program to be tested is carried out process analysis and test data is analyzed
From the programmable logic controller (PLC) program, analyze input variable, intermediate variable, output variable and logical operation structure analyze input variable value, expection output variable value from said test data.
Simulation execution step---dry run programmable logic controller (PLC) program on the basis of test data
The input variable value that analyzes in the test data is stored in the described input variable; Carry out the programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to described intermediate variable and according to described logical operation structural simulation, obtain actual output variable value and put in the said output variable;
Comparison step---actual output variable value is compared and passes judgment on expection output variable value
The programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation is moved resulting actual output variable value compare with expection output variable value, if identical, representative is tested successfully, if different, the representative program is made mistakes.
Step display---test result is shown on display
The programmable logic controller (PLC) program of reading in is a description about ladder diagram, after the program read step, generates step and step display through ladder diagram, generates and show the ladder diagram of correspondence.
The device of a kind of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program that the present invention uses comprises with lower module:
The program read module---in order to read in programmable logic controller (PLC) program and test data to be tested
The process analysis module---in order to programmable logic controller (PLC) program to be tested is carried out process analysis and test data is analyzed
In order to from the programmable logic controller (PLC) program, to analyze input variable, intermediate variable, output variable and logical operation structure analyze input variable value, expection output variable value from said test data.
The Simulation execution module---in order to dry run programmable logic controller (PLC) program on the basis of test data
In order to the input variable value that analyzes in the test data is updated in the input variable; Carry out the programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to described intermediate variable and according to described logical operation structure, obtain actual output variable value and put in the said output variable;
Comparison module---in order to actual output variable value is compared and passes judgment on expection output variable value
Compare with expection output variable value in order to the programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation is moved resulting actual output variable value, if identical, representative is tested successfully, if different, the representative program is made mistakes.
Display module---in order to test result is shown on display
The programmable logic controller (PLC) program of reading in is a description about ladder diagram, after described program read module operation, through ladder diagram generation module and display module, generates and show the ladder diagram of correspondence.
During test; The actual output variable value that the operation of programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation produces is done comparison with the expection output variable value in the test data, when inconsistent, can report an error, will stop to test next test data record; At this moment; Test is forced to finish, and shows test results, and comprises the information of makeing mistakes.Test data is handled a test data record and will be continued to handle next test data record automatically, until disposing by the scan period test.
Described test data is a text; Each test data comprises at least one test data record; Therefore can use conventional file editor means to duplicate and revise to the test data record, can reuse test data after duplicating and revising to form test data.It is display cycle title and all input variables and expection output variable name that delegation is arranged in the described test data, comprises at least one input variable value and at least one expection output variable value in the described test data record.
This shows that the method for a kind of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program that the present invention proposes has been compared following advantage with the method for traditional test programmable logic controller (PLC) program:
1) improves testing efficiency significantly.Can once accomplish the test of the test data that comprises a plurality of test datas records when testing automatically, not need to press one by one button.Some test data records can be made through the mode that text duplicates and revises, and make large quantities of test data record sets fast, to form test data.Test data can be used after making repeatedly, after each modification of program, all can test automatically again, and manual testing's mode then need be pressed button and repeat test process.Both compare, and test effect raising rate of the present invention between several times to tens times, promptly shortens several times to tens times of test durations greatly.
2) reliability of raising programmable logic controller (PLC) program.Conventional test methodologies is owing to expend time in oversize; Receive the restriction of development time; The test of being done is often not enough, and automatic test approach of the present invention has improved testing efficiency, in the same test duration; Carry out several times to tens times test job more, and then improved the reliability of programmable logic controller (PLC) program.
3) make things convenient for the programmable logic controller (PLC) teaching.In the school instruction process; The academics and students all lacks the field adjustable condition: programmable logic controller (PLC) has tens manufacturers, and the programming mode of different manufacturers is incompatible, and the programmable logic controller (PLC) of same producer different model is incompatible as a rule; School instruction is difficult to take into account comprehensively; In addition, student's program error between the learning period is many, more need debug repeatedly and revise the programmable logic controller (PLC) program.Automatic test approach of the present invention will be provided convenience for the programmable logic controller (PLC) teaching of school.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explanation
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the schematic diagrams of a kind of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program technic of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the pairing ladder diagram of question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program among the embodiment
Embodiment
This joint is the implementation process of preferred embodiment explanation this method with a test process to the programmable logic controller (PLC) program of question-and-answer game apparatus.Question-and-answer game apparatus has four buttons, and wherein start button is operated by the host, races to be the first to answer a question button for 3 and is operated by 3 persons of racing to be the first to answer a question.When the host by getting into the state of racing to be the first to answer a question behind the start button, this moment, 3 alarms all were in off-position, if after this certain person of racing to be the first to answer a question is by oneself button, the alarm that makes self is got electric, the validity of other person's of racing to be the first to answer a question input signals of while interlocking.Question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program uses four input variable: I0.0 to represent host's button, and I0.1, I0.2, I0.3 represent three person's of racing to be the first to answer a question buttons respectively; Output variable has three, represents three persons' of racing to be the first to answer a question alarm respectively: Q0.0, Q0.1, Q0.2.Note the corresponding I0.1 of Q0.0, other and the like.
In question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program, this program list is shown as (wherein symbol "～" expression is negated):
Q0.0：＝(I0.1OR?Q0.0)AND～I0.0AND～Q0.1AND～Q0.2；
Q0.1：＝(I0.2OR?Q0.1)AND～I0.0AND～Q0.0AND～Q0.2；
Q0.2：＝(I0.3OR?Q0.2)AND～I0.0AND～Q0.0AND～Q0.1；
In order to test this question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program, we have designed following test data.All input variable name I0.0 have been comprised in first row of this test data, I0.1, I0.2, I0.3 and expection output variable name Q0.0, Q0.1, Q0.2.After second row reaches is the test data record.Second row is the test data record that provides for scanning for the first time, and its expression host button clicks, and the result is that all are output as 0.When scanning for the second time, all are input as 0, and all output results still remain 0.In the 3rd scanning, second person of racing to be the first to answer a question I0.2 presses the button, and he corresponding carry-out bit Q0.1 should be 1.The 4th scanning, first person of racing to be the first to answer a question I0.1 presses the button, and is locked but export the result, and it is identical with last time that the result keeps.The 5th scanning, the 3rd person of racing to be the first to answer a question I0.3 presses the button, and the result is still constant in output.The 6th scanning, second person of racing to be the first to answer a question repeats again by button, and This move does not change the output result yet.The 7th scanning, the host presses the button, and all output reverts to 0.The 8th scanning, nobody touches the button, and the output result is still 0.So far accomplish one group of operation cycle.In order to investigate other situation, we duplicate this group test data record one time, do some modifications then slightly, form second group of test data record.In this group test data record, when the 3rd scanning, special circumstances appear, and first person of racing to be the first to answer a question and second person of racing to be the first to answer a question supress button simultaneously, and the corresponding output of two people this moment should be 1 simultaneously.After having constructed this two groups of test datas record, we again the method construct through copy modification the 3rd group of test data record, constituted thus and reached the test data that 20 multirow test datas write down:
As shown in Figure 1, during test, at first, program read module 1 reads in question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program to be measured 8 and the test data 7 that comprises above test data record; Then, process analysis module 2 analyzes input variable, intermediate variable from the programmable logic controller (PLC) program, and output variable and logical operation structure analyze input variable value, expection output variable value from test data; Then; The programmable logic controller (PLC) program that Simulation execution module 3 Simulation execution are to be tested; In each scan period of simulation; The input variable value that analyzes in the test data is updated in the input variable, carries out the programmable logic controller (PLC) program, obtain actual output variable value and put in the said output variable according to described intermediate variable and according to described logical operation structure; Then, comparison module 4 compares actual output variable value and pass judgment on expection output variable value, if identical, representative is tested successfully, if different, the representative program is made mistakes.At last, show test results 9 through display module 5.
Testing software forms through ladder diagram generation module 6 and display module 5 and shows the pairing trapezoidal Figure 10 of question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program, and is as shown in Figure 3.Test result below comparison module 4 and display module 5 generations and demonstration:
Q0.0：＝(I0.1OR?Q0.0)AND?NOT?I0.0AND?NOT?Q0.1AND?NOT?Q0.2；
Q0.1：＝(I0.2OR?Q0.1)AND?NOT?I0.0AND?NOT?Q0.0AND?NOT?Q0.2；
Q0.2：＝(I0.3OR?Q0.2)AND?NOT?I0.0AND?NOT?Q0.0AND?NOT?Q0.1；
cycle 1：1；0；0；00；0；0--0；0；0
cycle 2：0；0；0；00；0；0--0；0；0
cycle 3：0；0；1；00；1；0--0；1；0
cycle 4：0；1；0；00；1；0--0；1；0
cycle 5：0；0；0；10；1；0--0；1；0
cycle 6：0；0；1；00；1；0--0；1；0
cycle 7：1；0；0；00；0；0--0；0；0
cycle 8：0；0；0；00；0；0--0；0；0
cycle?10：1；0；0；00；0；0--0；0；0.
cycle?11：0；0；0；00；0；0--0；0；0
cycle 12：0；1；1；01；0；0--1；1；0
cycle?12：program?output?incorrect
inputs：0；1；1；0
expected?outputs：1；1；0
program?outputs：1；0；0
This test result comprises two parts.First repeats to show that the programmable logic controller (PLC) source program is for customer inspection; Second portion shows test output.
First row of test output is:
cycle 1：1；0；0；00；0；0--0；0；0
It was illustrated in first scan period of programmable logic controller (PLC), and the input that program is accepted is 1,0,0,0, i.e. I0.0=1, I0.1=0, I0.2=0, I0.3=0; Simultaneously, the output that program produces is 0,0,0, i.e. Q0.0=0, Q0.1=0, Q0.2=0.Right-hand member at symbol "--" is the expection output variable value of from test data, reading in, and is used for comparing with the output variable value of programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation operation.This moment, both were identical.The implication of remaining row similarly.
Above-mentioned test result shows that question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program is correct in the operation that first group of 8 capable test data writes down.But when the 3rd cycle (cycle12) of second group of test data record of operation; Mistake has appearred in the operation of programmable logic controller (PLC) program; Actual output result is different with the output result who expects in the test data; Then stop to test next test data record, shown test result, comprise that the institute of the test data record of makeing mistakes is expert at, input variable value, expection output variable value and actual output variable value.This place test contents is two situations that the person of racing to be the first to answer a question presses the button simultaneously, and expected results should occur two 1, but programmable logic controller (PLC) program to be tested is only exported one 1.Analyze to show that the Q0.1 that question-and-answer game apparatus programmable logic controller (PLC) program Q0.0 when carrying out first person's of racing to be the first to answer a question program is set to 1, the second person of racing to be the first to answer a question is set to 0, rather than as expected 1.
If found the mistake of programmable logic controller (PLC) program in the test process, then need can reuse this test data after revising and test this programmable logic controller (PLC) modification of program, see and whether can pass through.This process shows that test data can be reused, and in debug process, does not need at every turn by hand mode to repeat to press the button test, has improved the efficient of debugging.
Claims (12)
1. automatic method of test programmable logic controller (PLC) program, its characteristic may further comprise the steps:
The program read step---read in programmable logic controller (PLC) program and test data to be tested
The process analysis step---programmable logic controller (PLC) program to be tested is carried out process analysis and test data is analyzed
From the programmable logic controller (PLC) program, analyze input variable, intermediate variable, output variable and logical operation structure analyze input variable value, expection output variable value from said test data.
Simulation execution step---dry run programmable logic controller (PLC) program on the basis of test data
The input variable value that analyzes in the test data is stored in the described input variable; Carry out the programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to described intermediate variable and according to described logical operation structural simulation, obtain actual output variable value and put in the said output variable;
Comparison step---actual output variable value is compared and passes judgment on expection output variable value
The programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation is moved resulting actual output variable value compare with expection output variable value, if identical, representative is tested successfully, if different, the representative program is made mistakes.
Step display---test result is shown on display.
2. the method for automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during test, the actual output variable value that the operation of programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation produces is done comparison with the expection output variable value that analyzes in the test data; When inconsistent, can report an error; Will stop to test next test data record, at this moment, test is forced to finish; Show test results, comprise the information of makeing mistakes.
3. the method for automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by the scan period test, handle a test data record and will continue to handle next test data record automatically, until disposing during test.
4. the method for automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described test data is a text, and each test data comprises at least one test data record.
5. the method for automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: it is display cycle title and all input variables and expection output variable name that delegation is arranged in the described test data, comprises at least one input variable value and at least one expection output variable value in the described test data record.
6. the method for automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the programmable logic controller (PLC) program of reading in is a description about ladder diagram; After the program read step; Generate step and step display through ladder diagram, generate and show the ladder diagram of correspondence.
7. automatic device of test programmable logic controller (PLC) program is characterized in that comprising with lower module:
The program read module---in order to read in programmable logic controller (PLC) program and test data to be tested
The process analysis module---in order to programmable logic controller (PLC) program to be tested is carried out process analysis and test data is analyzed
In order to from the programmable logic controller (PLC) program, to analyze input variable, intermediate variable, output variable and logical operation structure analyze input variable value, expection output variable value from said test data.
The Simulation execution module---in order to dry run programmable logic controller (PLC) program on the basis of test data
In order to the input variable value that analyzes in the test data is updated in the input variable; Carry out the programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to described intermediate variable and according to described logical operation structure, obtain actual output variable value and put in the said output variable;
Comparison module---in order to actual output variable value is compared and passes judgment on expection output variable value
Compare with expection output variable value in order to the programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation is moved resulting actual output variable value, if identical, representative is tested successfully, if different, the representative program is made mistakes.
Display module---in order to test result is shown on display.
8. the device of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 7 is characterized in that: when test data is tested, the actual output variable value that the operation of programmable logic controller (PLC) process simulation produces is done comparison with the expection output variable value of test data; When inconsistent, can report an error; Will stop to test next test data record, at this moment, test is forced to finish; Show test results, comprise the information of makeing mistakes.
9. the device of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: test data is by the scan period test; Handle a test data record and will continue to handle next test data record automatically, until disposing.
10. the device of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described test data is a text, and each test data comprises at least one test data record.
11. the device of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: it is display cycle title and all input variables and expection output variable name that delegation is arranged in the described test data, comprises at least one input variable value and at least one expection output variable value in the described test data record.
12. the device of automatic test programmable logic controller (PLC) program according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: the programmable logic controller (PLC) program of reading in is a description about ladder diagram; After the operation of program read module; Through ladder diagram generation module and display module, generate and show the ladder diagram of correspondence.
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| CN103744424A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-23 | 东北大学 | Field device logic control test method |
| CN106094794A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-09 | 北京广利核系统工程有限公司 | The functional test equipment of distribution type control system, control server and method |
| CN107678944A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | Automatic test approach based on embedded script |
| CN109783368A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-21 | 武汉华中数控股份有限公司 | Trapezoidal pattern programming software testing system and method |
| CN110597705A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-20 | 广东工业大学 | Program debugging method and device capable of repeatedly obtaining test data |
| CN110908900A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-24 | 神华粤电珠海港煤炭码头有限责任公司 | Method and device for analyzing PLC program by applying key frame deduction method |
| CN112597045A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-02 | 福州富昌维控电子科技有限公司 | PLC instruction quality detection method and terminal based on ladder diagram |
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| CN103744424B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2017-01-18 | 东北大学 | Field device logic control test method |
| CN103744424A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-23 | 东北大学 | Field device logic control test method |
| CN106094794A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-09 | 北京广利核系统工程有限公司 | The functional test equipment of distribution type control system, control server and method |
| CN106094794B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2019-07-19 | 北京广利核系统工程有限公司 | Functional test equipment, control server and the method for distribution type control system |
| CN107678944B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2020-12-29 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | Automatic testing method based on embedded script |
| CN107678944A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | Automatic test approach based on embedded script |
| CN109783368A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-21 | 武汉华中数控股份有限公司 | Trapezoidal pattern programming software testing system and method |
| CN110597705A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-20 | 广东工业大学 | Program debugging method and device capable of repeatedly obtaining test data |
| CN110597705B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2023-01-20 | 广东工业大学 | Program debugging method and device capable of repeatedly acquiring test data |
| CN110908900A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-24 | 神华粤电珠海港煤炭码头有限责任公司 | Method and device for analyzing PLC program by applying key frame deduction method |
| CN112597045A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-02 | 福州富昌维控电子科技有限公司 | PLC instruction quality detection method and terminal based on ladder diagram |
| WO2022141745A1 (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-07 | 福州富昌维控电子科技有限公司 | Ladder diagram-based plc instruction quality detection method, and terminal |
| CN113552861A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-26 | 东风悦享科技有限公司 | Automatic driving vehicle MCU on-line parameter adjusting system and method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |