CN102540324A - Dual-band orthogonal single polarization single mode photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
Dual-band orthogonal single polarization single mode photonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN102540324A CN102540324A CN2012100461047A CN201210046104A CN102540324A CN 102540324 A CN102540324 A CN 102540324A CN 2012100461047 A CN2012100461047 A CN 2012100461047A CN 201210046104 A CN201210046104 A CN 201210046104A CN 102540324 A CN102540324 A CN 102540324A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dual-band orthogonal single polarization single mode photonic crystal fiber which can be applied to the technical fields such as fibre-optical communication wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing, optical fiber multiple parameter and vector sensing. The covering of the photonic crystal fiber is formed by air holes which are arranged on a pure quartz base material in a regular triangle grid structure, an intermediate fiber core is formed by loss of the air holes of the covering and is arranged in a geometric center of an optical fiber, two large air holes with the diameter of being larger than the diameter of the air holes of the covering are arranged nearby the intermediate fiber core, four small air holes which have different diameters are distributed on the vertical direction of the center point of a connection of the centers of the two larger air holes, wherein the diameters of the four small air holes are all less than the diameters of the air holes of the covering, and the cross section structure does not change along the axial direction of the optical fiber. By appropriately selecting the diameter of the small air holes in the covering, the optical fiber can support lights in two different wave bands of 1.31Mum and 1.55Mum to respectively and independently transmit on two polarization directions which are orthogonal, thus wavelength splitting function can be realized by utilizing a single-core structure instead of a double-core or three-core structure in the past.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber, be specially one type of photonic crystal fiber, be applied to technical fields such as optical fiber communication wavelength-division multiplex/demultiplexing and optical fiber multi-parameter vector sensing with two waveband, quadrature, single polarization transport property.
Background introduction
Photonic crystal fiber (Photonics Crystal Fiber; Being called for short PCF) microstructured optical fibers that is otherwise known as (Microstructure Optical Fiber) or porous optical fiber (Holey Fiber) they are a kind of novel optical fibers that on photon band gap theoretical foundation, grows up.Owing to its flexible design, have traditional fiber incomparable leaded light and control light characteristic (like no cutoff wavelength single mode transport, dispersion characteristics are controlled and high-NA etc.) receive concern widely.Some optoelectronic devices based on photonic crystal fiber are widely used in technical fields such as optical communication and light sensing.Difference by photonic crystal fiber leaded light mechanism can be divided into refractive-index-guiding type photonic crystal fiber and photon band gap type photonic crystal fiber; The former realizes leaded light through the total internal reflection between the airport covering of the fibre core of solid and multilayer, and the latter utilizes photonic band gap effects that the light of specific band is implemented in the conduction of low-refraction fibre core place.The preparation of photonic crystal fiber is the basis that influences its practicability, and the design of prefabricated rods and making are crucial.Method at present commonly used comprises the method for piling up, extrusion, dissolves gel autofrettage, boring method etc., for being that the method for piling up is a method relatively more commonly used at present the photonic crystal fiber of substrate with silicon dioxide.The prefabricated rods of making placed to draw on the fiber drawing tower can obtain needed photonic crystal fiber.
Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer (WDM/DWDM) is the focus that people study as a kind of important optical device of optical fiber telecommunications system always.In recent years, the continuous maturation of and drawing technology theoretical along with photonic crystal fiber and perfect becomes the focus that people study gradually based on the Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer spare of photonic crystal fiber.2005; People such as N.Florous (Opt.Express; V.13; 2005:7365-7373) a kind of double-core photonic crystal fiber wave length beam splitting device that is applicable to 1.31 μ m and two communication windows of 1.55 μ m with polarization independent transmission characteristic has been proposed, significant to the structure of EPON.On this basis, 2011, (v.50 Appl.Opt., 6576-6582) designed a kind of single polarization beam apparatus based on double-core photonic crystal fiber, solved the problem of polarization mode coupling (PMC) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in the optical transmission process in this research group.But the optical fiber that is useful on the photonic crystal fiber beam splitter up to now all is twin-core or three-core structure, because the distance between their fibre cores is merely micron dimension, so they are comparatively difficult when being connected with other optical fiber; Their optical bandwidth has only several nanometers in addition, can the multiplexing number of channel be very limited.
And the creationary difficult problem that has solved when photonic crystal fiber is connected with other outer member of single cored structure of the photonic crystal fiber of the present invention's design, its optical bandwidth has reached tens nanometer in addition, much larger than twin-core or three core fibre structures.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the photonic crystal fiber that the present invention seeks to solve existing twin-core or three-core structure connects difficulty and can the multiplexing number of channel be very limited; A kind of two waveband quadrature single polarization single-mould photonic crystal fiber is provided, can realizes that two optical bands are respectively with mutually orthogonal polarization state transmission.
Photonic crystal fiber with two waveband quadrature single-polarization single-mode transmission mechanism provided by the invention; Comprise substrate; Diameter by the equilateral triangle grid structural arrangement in this substrate is one group of covering airport formation covering of d; Middle fibre core is formed by the disappearance of covering airport, is that diameter is d near the middle fibre core
0Two big airports, d
0＞d, to introduce the necessary structure asymmetry of high birefringence, the diameter that on the vertical direction of crossing two big airport circle center line connecting mid points, distributing is respectively d
1, d
2, d
3And d
4Four little airports, diameter d
1, d
2, d
3And d
4Size has nothing in common with each other and all less than covering airport diameter d, with introduce reveal defect mode and increase it and the polarization basic mode between stiffness of coupling.
Fibre core is positioned on the node (node refers to vertex of a triangle here) of equilateral triangle grid in the middle of described, is positioned at the geometric center zone of said photonic crystal fiber simultaneously.
The shape of said cross section of optic fibre top covering airport is circular, and diameter is in 0.47～4 micron dimension.
The base material of said optical fiber is a quartz glass, the cross-sectional structure of optical fiber along fiber axis to not changing.
The principle of work of this optical fiber structure is following:
Because the diameter of two little airports in the fibre cladding outermost layer less than the diameter of other covering airport, the bigger leakage defective conduction mode of limitation loss therefore all can occur near these two airports.According to the refractive index match coupling principle, when the effective refractive index of a certain polarization mode in the fibre core equaled the effective refractive index of a certain leakage defect mode, the fibre core pattern just can lose with defect mode generation strong coupling.Through selecting suitable design parameter can make a certain polarization mode of fibre core and a certain leakage defect mode in certain wave strong point generation strong coupling; The another one polarization mode does not then have effective coupling, and then realizes the quadrature single-polarization single-mode transmission of light at two wave bands.
The diameter of outer submarginal two the little airports of said photonic crystal fiber is different; So the effective refractive index of the leakage defect mode of two limit core supports is inconsistent; Its dispersion curve is crossing at 1.31 μ m and 1.55 μ m places with the dispersion curve of two polarization modes respectively; So just, satisfied the refractive index match coupling condition, stronger coupling just can take place in corresponding polarization mode and defect mode.
Stiffness of coupling between said photonic crystal fiber polarization mode and the defect mode receives the influence of little airport diameter between outer little airport and the middle fibre core; This little airport diameter is more little, and fibre core polarization mode and the coupling of revealing between the defect mode are just strong more.
Photonic crystal fiber of the present invention has been realized a kind of brand-new leaded light mechanism; In this novel optical fiber; 1.31 the light of mu m waveband only transmits on the x polarization direction; And the light of 1.55 mu m wavebands only transmits on the y polarization direction, and this new kink characteristics makes it be highly suitable for fields such as wave length beam splitting and multiparameter, wide range vector sensing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross section of optic fibre structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the optical fiber structure parameter is Λ=4.0 μ m among the present invention, d=1.80 μ m, d
0=3.80 μ m, d
1=0.471 μ m, d
2=0.612 μ m, d
3=1.280 μ m, d
4During=1.340 μ m, the dispersion curve and the distribution map of the electric field of x polarization mode, y polarization mode and defect mode.
Fig. 3 is that the optical fiber structure parameter is (a) Λ=2.4 μ m, d=1.08 μ m, d among the present invention
0=1.92 μ m, d
1=0.273 μ m, d
2=0.368 μ m, d
3=0.692 μ m, d
4=0.830 μ m, L=15mm (b) Λ=4.0 μ m, d=1.80 μ m, d
0=3.80 μ m, d
1=0.471 μ m, d
2=0.612 μ m, d
3=1.280 μ m, d
4=1.340 μ m, during L=180mm, the limitation loss of x polarization mode and y polarization mode and the pattern of equipotentials of electric field intensity.
Fig. 4 is the band center wavelength X that the situation of crosstalking (a) between following two the transmission wave bands of same polarization state is suppressed in the optical fiber structure of the present invention
dDuring=1.55 μ m, the extinction ratio of y polarization direction; (b) the band center wavelength X that is suppressed
d=1.31 μ m, the extinction ratio of x polarization direction.
Further specify below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment
Two waveband quadrature single polarization single-mould photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention; Airport by the equilateral triangle grid structural arrangement on the base material that its covering is made up of quartz glass forms; Middle fibre core is formed by the disappearance of covering airport; Near the middle fibre core is two big airports, and the diameter that on the vertical direction of crossing two big airport circle center line connecting mid points, distributing is different and all less than four little airports of covering airport diameter, above-mentioned cross-sectional structure along fiber axis to not changing.
The fibre cladding airport is that the diameter of arranging by equilateral triangle grid is one group of covering airport of d, and middle fibre core is positioned on the node (node refers to vertex of a triangle here) of equilateral triangle grid, is positioned at the geometric center zone of said photonic crystal fiber simultaneously.The shape of cross section of optic fibre top covering airport is circular, and diameter is at micron dimension (0.47～4 micron).
The base material of optical fiber is pure quartz glass.
Near the diameter of two big airports in the middle of the said optical fiber fibre core is d
0, d
0＞d (covering airport diameter) is to introduce the necessary structure asymmetry of high birefringence.
The diameter that on the vertical direction of crossing two big airport circle center line connecting mid points, distributing is respectively d
1, d
2, d
3And d
4Four little airports, diameter d
1, d
2, d
3And d
4Size has nothing in common with each other and all less than covering airport diameter d, with introduce reveal defect mode and increase it and the polarization basic mode between stiffness of coupling.
Above-mentioned cross-sectional structure along fiber axis to not changing.
Shown in Figure 1 is the cross section of optic fibre synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention; The base material of two waveband quadrature single-polarization single-mode list core photonic crystal fiber adopts pure quartz glass; Airport in the fibre cladding is positioned on the node (node refers to vertex of a triangle here, sees Fig. 1) of equilateral triangle grid, and the diameter of covering airport is d; The spacing of adjacent vacant pore is Λ, and the diameter of two big airports is d near the middle fibre core
0, the diameter of two little airports of optical fiber jacket is respectively d
1And d
2, the airport diameter between the little airport of middle fibre core and optical fiber jacket is respectively d
3And d
4
Fig. 2 is Λ=4.0 μ m for optical fiber structure parameter among the present invention, d=1.80 μ m, d
0=3.80 μ m, d
1=0.471 μ m, d
2=0.612 μ m, d
3=1.280 μ m, d
4During=1.340 μ m, the dispersion curve and the distribution map of the electric field of x polarization mode, y polarization mode and the defect mode that calculates through full vector finite element method.Can draw: the dispersion curve of the dispersion curve of x polarization mode and defect mode 2 intersects at 1.55 μ m places; The dispersion curve of the dispersion curve of y polarization mode and defect mode 1 intersects at 1.31 μ m places.
Fig. 3 is that the optical fiber structure parameter is (a) Λ=2.4 μ m, d=1.08 μ m, d among the present invention
0=1.92 μ m, d
1=0.273 μ m, d
2=0.368 μ m, d
3=0.692 μ m, d
4=0.830 μ m, L=15mm (b) Λ=4.0 μ m, d=1.80 μ m, d
0=3.80 μ m, d
1=0.471 μ m, d
2=0.612 μ m, d
3=1.280 μ m, d
4=1.340 μ m, during L=180mm, the x polarization mode and the limitation loss of y polarization mode and the pattern of equipotentials of electric field intensity that calculate through full vector finite element method.Can draw: in this photonic crystal fiber, the x polarization mode has bigger limitation loss near 1.55 μ m, and near the y polarization mode then limitation loss 1.31 μ m is bigger; Yet near x polarization mode limitation loss 1.31 μ m is very little, and near y polarization mode limitation loss 1.55 μ m is very little.Therefore, after importing the light time that light source is merely 1.31 μ m and 1.55 mu m wavebands, transmitting a segment distance, then the x polarized light of only remaining 1.31 mu m wavebands and the y polarized light of 1.55 mu m wavebands transmit therein, and two wave bands are the single-polarization single-mode transmission.In addition, can find out that from the equipotential line that mode intensity distributes some polarization basic modes and corresponding defect mode have stronger coupling at the dispersion curve position of intersecting point, and in same wavelength, another one polarization basic mode and two defect modes all there is not effectively coupling.
Comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3 (b) can find out that the fibre core polarization mode conforms to the position of loss peak with the position of intersecting point of revealing the defect mode dispersion curve, meets the refractive index match coupling condition.
The band center wavelength X that Fig. 4 is suppressed for the situation of crosstalking (a) between following two the transmission wave bands of same polarization state in the optical fiber structure of the present invention
d=1.55 μ m, the extinction ratio on the y polarization direction; (b) the band center wavelength X that is suppressed
d=1.31 μ m, the extinction ratio on the x polarization direction.Can draw: when this New-type photon crystal optical fiber was used for the wave length beam splitting device, its optical bandwidth had reached tens nanometer, much larger than twin-core or three core fibre structures.
Though in conjunction with thinking most realistic at present and illustrated embodiments has been described the present invention, the invention is not restricted to the disclosed embodiments, comprise that included multiple modification is provided with equivalence within the spirit that is intended to cover accompanying claims and the scope.
Claims (5)
1. photonic crystal fiber with two waveband quadrature single-polarization single-mode transmission mechanism; It is characterized in that; This photonic crystal fiber comprises substrate; Diameter by the equilateral triangle grid structural arrangement in this substrate is one group of covering airport formation covering of d, and middle fibre core is formed by the disappearance of covering airport, is that diameter is d near the middle fibre core
0Two big airports, d
0＞d, the diameter that on the vertical direction of crossing two big airport circle center line connecting mid points, distributing is respectively d
1, d
2, d
3And d
4Four little airports, diameter d
1, d
2, d
3And d
4Size has nothing in common with each other and all less than covering airport diameter d.
2. photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that described middle fibre core is positioned on the node of equilateral triangle grid, is positioned at the geometric center zone of said photonic crystal fiber simultaneously.
3. photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, the shape that it is characterized in that said cross section of optic fibre top covering airport are circular, and diameter is in 0.47～4 micron dimension.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described photonic crystal fibers, the base material that it is characterized in that said optical fiber is a quartz glass.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described photonic crystal fibers, the cross-sectional structure that it is characterized in that said optical fiber along fiber axis to not changing.
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| CN2012100461047A CN102540324A (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2012-02-28 | Dual-band orthogonal single polarization single mode photonic crystal fiber |
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| CN103728689A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-04-16 | 国家电网公司 | High double refraction optical fiber |
| CN104297837A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-21 | 天津理工大学 | Single-core photonic crystal fiber polarization splitter |
| CN104765100A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small-diameter solid core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of four-layer structure |
| CN105954830A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Broadband single polarization single-mode photonic crystal fiber |
| CN106597601A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-04-26 | 武汉长盈通光电技术有限公司 | Microstructural low birefringence optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106990474A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-07-28 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of mono- polarization wavelength splitters of tunable single core photonic crystal fiber SPR |
| CN110412682A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-05 | 河北科技大学 | The high double-refraction photon crystal fiber filled based on gold nano-material and the Polarization filter using the optical fiber |
| CN110426780A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | A kind of monomode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber of small sircle hole star-arrangement |
| CN113466988A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 燕山大学 | Broadband mode division multiplexer based on three-core photonic crystal fiber |
| CN113589424A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-02 | 燕山大学 | Polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| CN113625389A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-09 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber with air holes arranged by linear defects and introduced by gold wires |
| CN113671620A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-19 | 燕山大学 | Single-core polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| CN114598458A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-06-07 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Quantum countermeasure network-based encryption method and device, server and storage medium |
| CN117008243A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-07 | 武汉墨光科技有限公司 | Low-dispersion low-loss photonic crystal fiber |
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2012
- 2012-02-28 CN CN2012100461047A patent/CN102540324A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 耿鹏程、张伟刚、张珊珊、阮隽: "新型宽带单偏振单模光子晶体光纤的设计", 《光学学报》 * |
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| CN103728689B (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-08-17 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of high birefringence optical fiber |
| CN103728689A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-04-16 | 国家电网公司 | High double refraction optical fiber |
| CN104297837A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-21 | 天津理工大学 | Single-core photonic crystal fiber polarization splitter |
| CN104765100B (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-12-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of thin footpath reality core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of four-layer structure |
| CN104765100A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small-diameter solid core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber of four-layer structure |
| CN106597601A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-04-26 | 武汉长盈通光电技术有限公司 | Microstructural low birefringence optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105954830A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Broadband single polarization single-mode photonic crystal fiber |
| CN106990474A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-07-28 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of mono- polarization wavelength splitters of tunable single core photonic crystal fiber SPR |
| CN106990474B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-10-22 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of mono- polarization wavelength splitter of tunable single core photonic crystal fiber SPR |
| CN110412682A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-05 | 河北科技大学 | The high double-refraction photon crystal fiber filled based on gold nano-material and the Polarization filter using the optical fiber |
| CN110426780A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | A kind of monomode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber of small sircle hole star-arrangement |
| CN113466988B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-05-06 | 燕山大学 | Broadband mode division multiplexer based on three-core photonic crystal fiber |
| CN113466988A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 燕山大学 | Broadband mode division multiplexer based on three-core photonic crystal fiber |
| CN113589424A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-02 | 燕山大学 | Polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| CN113589424B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-05-17 | 燕山大学 | Polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| WO2023279844A1 (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-01-12 | 燕山大学 | Polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructured optical fiber |
| CN113625389A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-09 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber with air holes arranged by linear defects and introduced by gold wires |
| CN113671620A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-19 | 燕山大学 | Single-core polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| CN113671620B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-05-24 | 燕山大学 | Single-core polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| WO2023024732A1 (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-03-02 | 燕山大学 | Single-core polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation micro-structured optical fiber |
| CN114598458A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-06-07 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Quantum countermeasure network-based encryption method and device, server and storage medium |
| CN114598458B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2024-02-09 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Encryption method, device, server and storage medium based on quantum countermeasure network |
| CN117008243A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-07 | 武汉墨光科技有限公司 | Low-dispersion low-loss photonic crystal fiber |
| CN117008243B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-15 | 武汉墨光科技有限公司 | Low-dispersion low-loss photonic crystal fiber |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |