CN102539198A - Organic pollutant equal proportion on-line enrichment sampler at river section - Google Patents
Organic pollutant equal proportion on-line enrichment sampler at river section Download PDFInfo
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- CN102539198A CN102539198A CN2012100173444A CN201210017344A CN102539198A CN 102539198 A CN102539198 A CN 102539198A CN 2012100173444 A CN2012100173444 A CN 2012100173444A CN 201210017344 A CN201210017344 A CN 201210017344A CN 102539198 A CN102539198 A CN 102539198A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic pollutant equal proportion on-line enrichment sampler at a river section, which includes a river water equal proportion collecting system and a pollutant on-line enrichment system, wherein the river water equal proportion collecting system includes a first electric control system and an extraction mechanism which is controlled by the first electric control system and endowed with the function of hiding in the river water and extracting a water sample in equal proportion as per the flow rate of river water; the extraction mechanism and the pollutant on-line enrichment system are connected through a pipeline; and the pollutant on-line enrichment system is endowed with the function of performing enrichment treatment to pollutants in the water sample transferred by the pipeline. The organic pollutant equal proportion on-line enrichment sampler provided by the invention can be used for on-line separation and enrichment of particles and dissolved organic pollutants, the pollutants after enrichment can be taken back to a laboratory for analysis and detection, and the flux of the pollutants at the section can be calculated through combining the proportion of the collection flow and the actual river flow rate. The entire collection and calculation processes are simple, fast, convenient, continuous and accurate. The organic pollutant equal proportion on-line enrichment sampler can be used for detecting the flux of organic pollutants at the river section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to used instrument in a kind of environmental engineering, particularly carry the collector of cross section of river water body example to the laboratory.
Background technology
Persistence organic pollutant (Persistent Organic Pollutants; POPs), become international community's common recognition so control and weaken this compounds owing to the characteristic that has high poison, lasting, easy bioaccumulation and long-distance migration can take place.POPs generally is in the trace level in the environment, extensively is present in the various surrounding mediums such as atmosphere, soil, sediment and water body.Except that atmosphere, river water has maximum flowability, so the river is an important carrier of POPs migration.The monitoring of cross section of river POPs flux is an essential content of POPs input, output in the research river.The sample of the several time points of the most instantaneous collection of research is in the past taken back lab analysis as representative, and the flux that content and the flow through sample comes the rough calculation section is accurate inadequately, and takes time and effort.So, the river is carried out equal proportion sampling and enrichment processing, be transported to the laboratory at last, be only more excellent, more accurate way.So-called equal proportion sampling is meant that sample rate and river flow are the equal proportion relation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention, being to provide a kind of can accurately sample and draw the enrichment sampling thief of section pollutant flux cross section of river.
The solution that the present invention solves its technical matters is:
Cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief; Comprise river equal proportion acquisition system and pollutant on-line preconcentration system; Said river equal proportion acquisition system comprise first electric-control system and by its control, have an extraction mechanism of hiding in the middle of river, can extract the function of water body example according to river flow velocity equal proportion; Said extraction mechanism is connected with pollutant on-line preconcentration system pipeline, and pollutant on-line preconcentration system has can carry out the function that enrichment is handled to the pollutant in the water body example of coming through this pipeline transportation.
Further improvement as technique scheme; Said extraction mechanism comprises peristaltic pump and water gathering tube; Said first electric-control system comprises current meter and flow velocity signal converter; Between said current meter and the flow velocity signal converter, all be electrically connected between peristaltic pump and the flow velocity signal converter, be connected through said water gathering tube between the delivery outlet of peristaltic pump and the pollutant on-line preconcentration system through signal wire.
Further improvement as technique scheme; Said pollutant on-line preconcentration system comprises multistage sedimenting system and particle enrichment system; Said multistage sedimenting system is connected with extraction mechanism; Make through extracting the water body example that mechanism extracts up, through multistage sedimenting system sedimentation, deliver to the particle enrichment system again and filter earlier.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, heavy jar at the beginning of said multistage sedimenting system is three that connect side by side, each tank base water inlet; The top water outlet; The bottom is communicated with in order, and a jar end is provided with sediment exhaust opening and drainage arrangement, the collection of bulky grain thing when being used to sample end; At the beginning of said three heavy jar constitute three grades with drainage arrangement at the beginning of heavy jar, and be connected with particle enrichment system pipeline.
Further improvement as technique scheme; Said particle enrichment system comprises second electric-control system, preceding water tank, back water tank and is positioned at filtering system between the two; Connect in order through pipeline between them, said preceding water tank is communicated with heavy jar at the beginning of three grades, and said back water tank has the water side; As the freeing port of whole particle thing enrichment system, the action of water tank and filtering system before second electric control system controls.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, in the said preceding water tank liquid level sensor is housed, on the connecting tube of preceding water tank and filtering system, be provided with supercharge pump, supercharge pump is electrically connected with liquid level sensor.
Further improvement as technique scheme; Said filtering system is two pipelines that parallel connection is provided with, and on arbitrary the pipeline, all is provided with solenoid valve, pressure transducer and particle in order and gathers external member; These two pipelines converge at the end near solenoid valve, as the inlet of filtering system; And also converge near an end of particle collection external member, as the outlet of filtering system; Said inlet is connected with preceding water tank pipeline, and outlet is connected with back water tank pipeline, and said solenoid valve, pressure transducer all are controlled by second electric-control system.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the water side of said back water tank is connected with the XAD resin external member, and said XAD resin external member is the tubular body of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, the XAD resin that built-in purifying is crossed.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, said pollutant on-line preconcentration system is arranged in refrigerator.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is provided with river equal proportion acquisition system and pollutant on-line preconcentration system; Let river equal proportion acquisition system to the cross section of river equal proportion sampling; The water body example that sampling gets is transported to and carries out the enrichment processing in the pollutant on-line preconcentration system; So just can online particle be separated with the organic contaminant of solubilised state and enrichment; Pollutant after the enrichment can be taken back lab analysis and detect, and calculates the flux of section pollutant in conjunction with the proportional meter of gathering flow and actual river discharge.Whole collection, computation process simple and fast, continuously accurately.
In addition, the present invention utilizes particle collection external member respectively the particle of water body persistence organic pollutant to be distinguished enrichment with dissolving mutually mutually with the XAD resin external member, realizes the monitoring analysis of cross section of river organic contaminant flux, makes the flux result more accurate.The employing of heavy jar and two cover particle enrichment external members at the beginning of three grades has simultaneously all effectively prolonged sampling time of equipment, makes monitoring result have more the representativeness of long-time scope.
The present invention can be used for detecting the flux of cross section of river organic contaminant.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the accompanying drawing of required use is done simple declaration in will describing embodiment below.Obviously, described accompanying drawing is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other design proposals and accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings under the prerequisite of not paying creative work.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal profile of the present invention organigram;
Fig. 2 is heavy jar of longitudinal profile organigram at the beginning of three grades among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal profile organigram that particle is gathered external member among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the XAD resin external member longitudinal profile organigram among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below will combine embodiment and accompanying drawing that the technique effect of design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation is carried out clear, intactly description, to make much of the object of the invention, characteristic and effect.Obviously; Described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment, based on embodiments of the invention; Other embodiment that those skilled in the art is obtained under the prerequisite of not paying creative work all belong to the scope that the present invention protects.In addition, all connection/annexations of being mentioned in the literary composition are not to refer to that singly member directly joins, and are meant and can connect auxiliary through adding or reducing according to the practical implementation situation, form more excellent draw bail.
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 4; Cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief; Comprise river equal proportion acquisition system and pollutant on-line preconcentration system; Said river equal proportion acquisition system comprise first electric-control system and by its control, have an extraction mechanism of hiding in the middle of river, can extract the function of water body example according to river flow velocity equal proportion; Said extraction mechanism is connected with pollutant on-line preconcentration system pipeline, and pollutant on-line preconcentration system has can carry out the function that enrichment is handled to the pollutant in the water body example of coming through this pipeline transportation.
Further as preferred embodiment; Said extraction mechanism comprises peristaltic pump 6 and water gathering tube 3; Said first electric-control system comprises current meter and flow velocity signal converter 7; Between said current meter and the flow velocity signal converter 7, all be electrically connected between peristaltic pump 6 and the flow velocity signal converter 7, be connected through said water gathering tube 3 between the delivery outlet of peristaltic pump 6 and the pollutant on-line preconcentration system through signal wire 4.Further, electric cabinet 5 before being provided with sets within it peristaltic pump 6 and flow velocity signal converter 7.
Particularly, said water gathering tube 3 adopts silicone tube, and said current meter is existing a kind of instrument that is used for measuring flow rate of water flow, and it constitutes by revolving oar 2, signal wire and measuring staff etc., can realize the mensuration of river flow, obtains the pulse signal of flow velocity; Flow velocity signal converter 7 can be realized the conversion of pulse signal to 4 ~ 20 mA signals; Peristaltic pump 6 is existing a kind of pumps that continuous and quantitative draws water that are used for, and can river be come up through the silicone tube collection, can come to control automatically its rotating speed through the input of 4 ~ 20 mA current signals simultaneously.During work; Current meter is placed in the cross section of river relevant position; Flowing water impacts and to revolve oar 2 and rotate and obtain the flow-rate impulse signal and be transferred to flow velocity signal converter 7; Converter is converted into the current signal of 4 ~ 20 mA, and current signal becomes the positive correlation linear relationship with pulse signal, and promptly current signal increases and decreases with flow velocity.Above-mentioned current signal is transferred to peristaltic pump 6, and to come the rotating speed of control pump be sample rate.Sample rate and the size of current linear relationship that is proportionate, promptly sample rate increases and decreases with size of current.So just can be so that the sample rate of peristaltic pump 6 and river flow are proportionate linear relationship, promptly realize equal proportion sampling with river flow.
Further as preferred embodiment; Said pollutant on-line preconcentration system comprises multistage sedimenting system and particle enrichment system; Said multistage sedimenting system is connected with extraction mechanism; Make through extracting the water body example that mechanism extracts up, through multistage sedimenting system sedimentation, deliver to the particle enrichment system again and filter earlier.
Further as preferred embodiment, said multistage sedimenting system be at the beginning of three of series connection side by side heavy jar, and each tank base is intake; The top water outlet; The bottom is communicated with in order, and a jar end is provided with sediment exhaust opening and drainage arrangement, the collection of bulky grain thing when being used to sample end; At the beginning of said three heavy jar constitute three grades with drainage arrangement at the beginning of heavy jar 8, and be connected with particle enrichment system pipeline.Particularly, with reference to Fig. 2, said just heavy jar is the stainless steel cylindrical tank, and the copper water outlet external member 21 that interior dress goes forward one by one highly gradually.Heavy jar at the beginning of three that series connection is provided with side by side can let water body example at each tank body arranged certain hold-up time, realizes the first heavy of bulky grain thing; Sediment exhaust opening that is provided with at the first heavy jar jar end and valve (comprising draining valve 22 and sand excluding valve 23), the collection of bulky grain thing when can be used for sampling end; And drainage arrangement is to adopt copper material to make, and is used for draining, and the utilization of copper material can reduce growing of microorganism.
Further as preferred embodiment; Said particle enrichment system comprises second electric-control system, preceding water tank 12, back water tank 17 and is positioned at filtering system between the two; Connect in order through pipeline between them, said preceding water tank 12 is communicated with heavy jar 8 at the beginning of three grades, and said back water tank 17 has the water side; As the freeing port of whole particle thing enrichment system, the action of water tank 12 and filtering system before second electric control system controls.
Further as preferred embodiment, in the said preceding water tank 12 liquid level sensor 11 is housed, on the connecting tube of preceding water tank 12 and filtering system, is provided with supercharge pump 13, supercharge pump 13 is electrically connected with liquid level sensor 11.When current water tank 12 water levels reach liquid level sensor 11 setting ranges, can start supercharge pump 13 automatically water sample in the jar is discharged and the entering filtering system.
Further as preferred embodiment; Said filtering system is two pipelines that parallel connection is provided with, and on arbitrary the pipeline, all is provided with solenoid valve, pressure transducer and particle in order and gathers external member; These two pipelines converge at the end near solenoid valve, as the inlet of filtering system; And also converge near an end of particle collection external member, as the outlet of filtering system; Said inlet is connected with preceding water tank 12 pipelines, and outlet is connected with back water tank 17 pipelines, and said solenoid valve, pressure transducer all are controlled by second electric-control system.Particularly, said solenoid valve is respectively solenoid valve 15A and solenoid valve 15B, for further control supercharge pump 13, at the equipped at outlet port of supercharge pump 13 solenoid valve 15C is set again.The filter pipeline that parallel connection is provided with, the normal continuously operation of safeguards system effectively because during operate as normal, is wherein branch road running, another branch road standby; If running branch road collecting granules thing reaches a certain amount of and produces obstruction, when results in pressure reached setting value, another branch road started, and keeps System Operation.Further, the electric cabinet 9 in back is set, second electric-control system is located in the electric cabinet 9 in back.
Further as preferred embodiment, the water side of said back water tank 17 is connected with XAD resin external member 18, and said XAD resin external member 18 is the tubular body of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, the XAD resin that built-in purifying is crossed.XAD resin external member 18 is gathered external member with particle, constitutes the enrichment external member of target contaminant.
Wherein, particle collection external member is such structure: with reference to Fig. 3, it comprises the top cover labyrinth 25A and the lower sealing cover 25B of mutual fastening; Have cavity in the middle of the assembly behind the fastening, top cover labyrinth 25A has into water interface 24A, and lower sealing cover 25B has water outlet interface 24B; Two interfaces are communicated with said cavity, in cavity, are provided with two circle Teflon O-ring seals 26 and copper mesh 28 from top to bottom in order; And between the two circle Teflon O-ring seals 26; Accompany filter membrane 27, top cover labyrinth 25A and lower sealing cover 25B fasten the back through bolt 29A and nut 29B locking, and the Teflon O-ring seal 26 in the cavity, filter membrane 27 and copper mesh 28 edge compactings are fixed.For the ease of distinguishing, a particle commonly used is gathered external member called after filtrator 16A, the called after filtrator 16B that another one is of little use, filtrator 16A and solenoid valve 15A are positioned on the same branch road.Accordingly, the pressure transducer on this branch road also is designated as pressure transducer 14A, and another is pressure transducer 14B.
And XAD resin external member 18 is a kind of resin adsorption devices of usefulness in the industry; With reference to Fig. 4; It comprises a long tube 34 substantially, fills up in the pipe to purify good XAD resin 35 sorbing materials such as grade, and two of long tube 34 is a good seal then; Sealing with two during use removes, and the water side of long tube 34 being received back water tank 17 gets final product.This external member is used for the enrichment of solubilised state pollutant.
Further as preferred embodiment, said pollutant on-line preconcentration system is arranged in refrigerator 1.Pollutant on-line preconcentration system is placed in the refrigerator 1, can reduce the volatilization or the decomposition loss of organic contaminant.
The present invention is work like this: the river in the river 100 impacts and revolves oar 2; Current meter is passed to flow velocity signal converter 7 with flow velocity signal; After conversion of signals, peristaltic pump 6 equal proportion samplings, with water body example extract and be delivered to three grades at the beginning of heavy jar 8; When water level rose to the osculum of water outlet external member 21 tops, river promptly got into just heavy jar of next stage via water outlet external member 21.Water tank 12 before river gets into after heavy at the beginning of three grades.River is accumulated in preceding water tank 12; When water level rises when exceeding the setting range of level sensor 11 gradually; Supercharge pump 13 starts automatically; River in the preceding water tank 12 gets into filtrator 16A after flowing through solenoid valve 15C, 15A and pressure transducer 14A under the drive of pump power, this moment, solenoid valve 15B was closure state.The decline of water table of current water tank 12 is when being lower than the scope of level sensor 11, and supercharge pump 13 cuts out, and solenoid valve 15C auto-closing prevents that water sample from flowing backwards.When water level raises when exceeding level sensor 11 setting ranges once more, supercharge pump 13 starts once more automatically, and solenoid valve 15C also opens once more thereupon.Along with filtrator 16A filters increasing of the water yield, particle accumulates on filter membrane 27, and line pressure increases gradually, and when reaching setting value, solenoid valve 15A closes, and 15B opens, and starts filtrator 16B.Water sample warp after filtration water tank 17 later flows into XAD resin external members 18, and by enrichment, river flows out external member to the solubilised state hydrophobic organic compound in external member, discharges sampling thief through drainpipe.When sampling finishes, close the into peristaltic pump 6 of water.Slowly 3 draining valves 22 of unlatching make the residual river low speed in just heavy jar flow into preceding water tank 12.Afterwards, open 3 sand excluding valves 23 respectively, pour in the glass container with the silt of a small amount of distilled water with deposition.Manually opened supercharge pump 13 makes river residual in the preceding water tank 12 through filtrator and XAD resin external member 18.Take off filter membrane 27 and XAD resin external member 18 in the filtrator.Glass container, filter membrane 27 and the XAD resin external member 18 of dress silt are taken back the laboratory carry out chemical analysis.The pollutant load data of lab analysis combine the collection water yield and river discharge data can obtain the flux data of cross section of river pollutant between sampling period comparatively accurately.If settle many complete equipments at same section apart from bank different distance and different depth, the flux data of obtaining will be more accurate, also can study the relational model between many complete equipments data.
The two sets filtering device that designs in this sample devices can satisfy sampling request basically; If the river particle content is higher, before set sampling finished, two sets filtering device all reached closed condition; Then as required, can finish sampling in advance and perhaps change filter membrane continuation sampling.
More than be that preferred embodiments of the present invention is specified; But the invention is not limited to said embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art also can make all equivalent modifications or replacement under the prerequisite of spirit of the present invention, modification that these are equal to or replacement all are included in the application's claim institute restricted portion.
Claims (9)
1. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief; It is characterized in that: comprise river equal proportion acquisition system and pollutant on-line preconcentration system; Said river equal proportion acquisition system comprise first electric-control system and by its control, have an extraction mechanism of hiding in the middle of river, can extract the function of water body example according to river flow velocity equal proportion; Said extraction mechanism is connected with pollutant on-line preconcentration system pipeline, and pollutant on-line preconcentration system has can carry out the function that enrichment is handled to the pollutant in the water body example of coming through this pipeline transportation.
2. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said extraction mechanism comprises peristaltic pump (6) and water gathering tube; Said first electric-control system comprises current meter and flow velocity signal converter (7); Between said current meter and the flow velocity signal converter (7), all be electrically connected between peristaltic pump (6) and the flow velocity signal converter (7), be connected through said water gathering tube between the delivery outlet of peristaltic pump (6) and the pollutant on-line preconcentration system through signal wire (4).
3. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said pollutant on-line preconcentration system comprises multistage sedimenting system and particle enrichment system; Said multistage sedimenting system is connected with extraction mechanism; Make through extracting the water body example that mechanism extracts up, through multistage sedimenting system sedimentation, deliver to the particle enrichment system again and filter earlier.
4. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 3 is characterized in that: heavy jar at the beginning of said multistage sedimenting system is three that connect side by side, each tank base water inlet; The top water outlet; The bottom is communicated with in order, and a jar end is provided with sediment exhaust opening and drainage arrangement, the collection of bulky grain thing when being used to sample end; Heavy jar sinks jar (8) at the beginning of constituting three grades with drainage arrangement at the beginning of said three, and is connected with particle enrichment system pipeline.
5. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said particle enrichment system comprises second electric-control system, preceding water tank (12), back water tank (17) and is positioned at filtering system between the two; Connect in order through pipeline between them; Water tank (12) is communicated with heavy jar (8) at the beginning of three grades before said; Said back water tank (17) has the water side, as the freeing port of whole particle thing enrichment system, and the action of water tank (12) and filtering system before second electric control system controls.
6. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: in the water tank (12) liquid level sensor (11) is housed before said; On the connecting tube of preceding water tank (12) and filtering system; Be provided with supercharge pump (13), supercharge pump (13) is electrically connected with liquid level sensor (11).
7. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: two pipelines that said filtering system is provided with for parallel connection; On arbitrary the pipeline; All be provided with solenoid valve, pressure transducer and particle in order and gather external member, these two pipelines converge at the end near solenoid valve, as the inlet of filtering system; And also converge near an end of particle collection external member, as the outlet of filtering system; Said inlet is connected with preceding water tank (12) pipeline, and outlet is connected with back water tank (17) pipeline, and said solenoid valve, pressure transducer all are controlled by second electric-control system.
8. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: the water side of said back water tank (17) is connected with XAD resin external member (18); Said XAD resin external member (18) is the tubular body of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, the XAD resin that built-in purifying is crossed.
9. cross section of river organic contaminant equal proportion on-line preconcentration sampling thief according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said pollutant on-line preconcentration system is arranged in refrigerator (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100173444A CN102539198A (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-01-19 | Organic pollutant equal proportion on-line enrichment sampler at river section |
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| CN2012100173444A CN102539198A (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-01-19 | Organic pollutant equal proportion on-line enrichment sampler at river section |
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| CN103604665A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 中国环境科学研究院 | On-site collection-enrichment integrated device of trace amount of organic pollutants in underground water |
| CN104458341A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Portable box-type solid-phase extraction device for sampling natural water and natural water sampling method of portable box-type solid-phase extraction device |
| CN105203364A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Enrichment apparatus for organic pollutants in seawater and enrichment method |
| CN105806754A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 北京林业大学 | Method and device for detecting PM2.5 quality in stretch woodland |
| CN108181132A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-19 | 张荷友 | A kind of water quality detecting device for being used to detect river pesticide residue |
| CN110726445A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-24 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Tidal river reach pollutant flux online monitoring system and method |
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| CN105806754A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 北京林业大学 | Method and device for detecting PM2.5 quality in stretch woodland |
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| CN108181132A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-19 | 张荷友 | A kind of water quality detecting device for being used to detect river pesticide residue |
| CN108181132B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-01-24 | 启衡(天津)检测科技有限公司 | A water quality testing device for detecting rivers pesticide residue |
| CN110726445A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-24 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Tidal river reach pollutant flux online monitoring system and method |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |