CN102537969B - Plasma gas composite ignition method and pulverized coal burner - Google Patents
Plasma gas composite ignition method and pulverized coal burner Download PDFInfo
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- CN102537969B CN102537969B CN201010614240.2A CN201010614240A CN102537969B CN 102537969 B CN102537969 B CN 102537969B CN 201010614240 A CN201010614240 A CN 201010614240A CN 102537969 B CN102537969 B CN 102537969B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to a plasma gas composite pulverized coal burner. The burner comprises a plasma ignition device and a first-stage burning barrel, wherein a gas injection device (105) is arranged at the outlet of the first-stage burning barrel, can be connected with a gas source through a gas conveying pipe (501), and is used for injecting gas into a pulverized coal burner (101). According to the burner, gas (coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas and the like) is used as an auxiliary fuel, so that pulverized coal with low volatile content can be subjected to plasma ignition, and the advantage of plasma ignition is fully exerted. The invention also relates to a plasma gas composite ignition method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of boiler coal-ash firing technique, more specifically relate to method and the coal burner of the compound igniting of a kind of plasma fuel gas, be especially applied to light and depend merely on the coal that plasma heating is difficult to stable ignition.
Technical background
In conventional pulverized-coal burning boiler, generally adopt oily sparking mode, after utilizing oil gun that fuel oil is lighted, directly spray into burner hearth in the time of boiler startup, after the oily certain hour that burns, burner hearth is heated to the ignition temperature of coal dust in burner hearth, now again coal dust is sprayed into burner hearth with firing coal-dust, then make oil gun progressively out of service.
Along with the appearance of plasma coal dust firing technique and constantly ripe, in pulverized-coal fired boiler, adopt plasma coal dust igniter to replace oil gun, at boiler startup process mid-point burning coal powder, save great amount of fuel oil.But, the fuel of these boiler units is conventionally taking the higher bituminous coal of volatile content as main, (fugitive constituent refers to: the gaseous material producing occurs to decompose for coal partial organic substances and mineral matter in heating process for lower for volatile content, the difficulty of catching fire is larger coal, its main component is the inflammable gases such as hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the important fire behaviour index of coal), also there is certain difficulty in the startup that using plasma pulverized coal ignition technology realizes boiler unit.At present, can improve to a certain extent the effect of plasma coal dust igniting by promoting the means such as Plasma merit (increase enthalpy), Optimizing Combustion device structure, break through but still be difficult to obtain largely.
Current plasma coal burner adopts the mode of multistep ignition conventionally,, utilize the structures such as separating tube by breeze airflow enforced classification in burner, in Chinese patent ZL.03268412.6, in disclosed central tube or ZL.200920145979.6, in disclosed Pulverized Coal Concentration device, make part coal dust directly contact with hot plasma, more than being heated to ignition temperature, make the fugitive constituent in coal dust discharge rapidly and take fire.This part coal dust fugitive constituent burning liberated heat, for heating the breeze airflow of the second level, reaches more than ignition temperature it and catches fire to realize.The rest may be inferred, by the mode of coal powder point burning coal powder, pass into the exit of burner hearth at burner, (coal is in heating process for most of coal dust fugitive constituent and part of coke, the residue of separating out after fugitive constituent is called coke, the main calorific value source of coal) equal initial burnings, burn away after can making residual coke enter burner hearth, and final after-flame.
For the lower coal of volatile content, such as anthracite, meager coal etc., although the heat that plasma discharges can be by the breeze airflow heating in central tube or Pulverized Coal Concentration device, make its initial burning, burning, but because its volatile content is less, the shortage of heat discharging after burning, with more than the breeze airflow of next stage is heated to ignition temperature, does not reach the effect of coal powder point burning coal powder, therefore, can not form stable flame at burner outlet place.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, propose one combustion gas is passed into plasma coal burner, improve catch fire coal firing characteristic and then realize the method for plasma coal dust igniting of difficulty as auxiliary fuel, and a kind of device of the method, i.e. plasma fuel gas composite pulverized coal burner of adopting, wherein, by adding a small amount of fire-hazardous auxiliary fuel to serve as fugitive constituent as combustion gas, to improve coal-fired quality, effectively improve plasma coal dust ignition ability.
The present invention is achieved in that plasma fuel gas composite pulverized coal burner aspect device, comprise plasma igniting device and first-stage burning cylinder, exit at first-stage burning cylinder is provided with gas injection device, gas injection device can be connected with fuel gas source by snorkel, for combustion gas is injected in coal burner.Preferably, gas injection device is designed to appendix or gas injection cylinder.
In the present invention, described fuel gas source refers to and can stablize the device that gaseous state combustible is provided.
Preferably, first-stage burning cylinder is designed to central tube or Pulverized Coal Concentration device.About Pulverized Coal Concentration device, can adopt in the present invention the Pulverized Coal Concentration device of describing in detail in Chinese patent ZL200920145979.6; Also can adopt other forms of Pulverized Coal Concentration device, as long as this enrichment facility meets following two conditions: first, pulverized coal air fails to be convened for lack of a quorum and flows out from the outlet of enrichment facility, second, the pulverized coal air flow flowing out is at least in part in the state of catching fire, so just can ensure lighted by pulverized coal flame and burn by near the combustion gas of the gas injection device injection outlet of Pulverized Coal Concentration device, thereby the combustion gas of burning promotes the burning of coal dust conversely.
Preferably, on gas injection cylinder end face and/or side face, be provided with the aperture of some, as jet-flow outlet, referred to herein as injecting hole.In the time that burner using plasma device carries out pulverized coal ignition, combustion gas (can be the fuel gas such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, coal gas) is entered in gas injection cylinder by snorkel, and sprayed by injecting hole, enter in the pulverized coal flame in Pulverized Coal Concentration device exit.Because combustion gas is as gaseous fuel, catch fire easily, be equivalent to improve the volatile content in coal dust.The flame that combustion gas is formed by first order breeze airflow in first-stage burning cylinder (as central tube or Pulverized Coal Concentration device) exit ignites, discharge a large amount of heat energy, thereby promote this region to have more coal dust to be lighted, to such an extent as to obtain total amount of heat enough the breeze airflow of the second level is lighted, form stable pulverized coal flame.
Preferably, gas injection cylinder and first-stage burning cylinder arrange coaxially, and the entrance of gas injection cylinder is concordant or overlapping with the outlet of first-stage burning cylinder, and the inlet diameter of gas injection cylinder is more than or equal to the outlet diameter of first-stage burning cylinder.
Preferably, gas injection cylinder is designed to double-walled construction, surrounds a chamber by inside and outside perisporium and both sides end wall, and snorkel is connected with this chamber.
Preferably, on the inwall of gas injection cylinder and/or on the exit end face of gas injection cylinder, be provided with injecting hole.The axis of the injecting hole arranging on gas injection cylinder exit end face tilts towards that side direction gas injection cylinder axis of outlet of gas injection cylinder.
Preferably, after plasma igniting device, be provided with central tube or Pulverized Coal Concentration device along the breeze airflow flow direction in coal burner, the tubular rear portion of Pulverized Coal Concentration device or central tube form the inwall of gas injection cylinder, the exit end face of gas injection cylinder is concordant with the exit end face at central tube or Pulverized Coal Concentration device tubular rear portion, or be positioned at its exit end face after.
The method of implementing the compound igniting of plasma fuel gas by the above-mentioned plasma fuel gas composite pulverized coal burner of employing of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
First, the hot plasma that the plasma igniting device by coal burner produces is by part coal dust, first order breeze airflow is lighted in the first-stage burning cylinder of burner, goes out the stable pulverized coal flame of interruption-forming at first-stage burning cylinder;
Secondly, near the outlet of first-stage burning cylinder, utilize gas injection device (for example gas injection cylinder or appendix) to input a certain amount of combustion gas, under the effect of established pulverized coal flame, make fuel gas buring, form stronger gas flame;
Then, residue breeze airflow is caught fire more than the heat that produced is heated to ignition temperature by first order breeze airflow and combustion gas, also takes fire;
Finally, the breeze airflow that major part has been caught fire is sent burner nozzle and enters burner hearth.Flammable matter (comprising CO, coke etc.) wherein burns away, and progressively forms stable pulverized coal flame in burner hearth.
Good effect of the present invention is: utilize combustion gas (coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas etc.) as auxiliary fuel, make the coal that some volatile contents are lower also can carry out pulverized coal ignition by using plasma, give full play of the advantage of plasma igniting.The system architecture of gas ions fuel gas composite pulverized coal burner is simple, utilizes first order pulverized coal flame to light reliably combustion gas, does not need to increase the equipment such as igniter and fire inspection of combustion gas.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the plasma coal burner with gas injection cylinder and Pulverized Coal Concentration device;
Fig. 2 is the gas injection barrel structure schematic diagram that a kind of inwall is provided with injecting hole;
Fig. 3 is the gas injection barrel structure schematic diagram that a kind of end face is provided with injecting hole;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of the plasma coal burner with gas injection cylinder and central tube; And
Fig. 5 is a kind of gas injection barrel structure schematic diagram being connected as a single entity with Pulverized Coal Concentration device.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 is installed in plasma coal burner 101, as first-stage burning cylinder, with be arranged on plasma igniting device 103 above of Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 (with respect to breeze airflow for the flow direction in burner), this three is preferably coaxially arranged.Breeze airflow is entered in plasma coal burner 101 by pulverized coal channel 104, wherein part breeze airflow flows in Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 (first order breeze airflow), and all the other breeze airflows pass through (second level breeze airflow) between Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 and the outer combustion barrel of plasma coal burner 101.
The hot plasma that plasma igniting device 103 produces is near Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 porch, here, the first order breeze airflow that enters Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 can contact with hot plasma more fully, more than being heated to ignition temperature, fugitive constituent in coal dust is separated out, and initial burning, burning, form more stable pulverized coal flame in the exit of Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102.
In the exit of Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 and the tubular rear portion of Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102, gas injection cylinder 105 is installed coaxially.
Fig. 2 has provided a kind of inwall and has been provided with the structural representation of the gas injection cylinder of injecting hole.
As shown in Figure 2, between the inside and outside perisporium 511,512 of gas injection cylinder 105 and both sides end wall, formed combustion gas chamber 502.Outer wall 512 is connected with snorkel 501, can make combustion gas from fuel gas source in snorkel 501 enters combustion gas chamber 502.Inwall 511 is provided with the injecting hole 503 of some, and the combustion gas in combustion gas chamber 502 thus injecting hole sprays in plasma coal burner 101, mixes, burns with the Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 established pulverized coal flames in exit.
The combustion gas being injected in plasma coal burner 101 has been equivalent to greatly increase the content of fugitive constituent in coal dust, and its heat discharging after catching fire exceedes the common plasma coal burner heat that first order breeze airflow can produce in the time using bituminous coal.This part heat is delivered to second level breeze airflow in plasma coal burner 101, makes more than its temperature reaches ignition temperature, and catches fire, burns.
Like this, under the assistance of the combustion gas of injecting at gas injection cylinder 105, even when using difficulty that volatile content is lower and catching fire coal, most of pulverized coal particle also can effectively catch fire in plasma coal burner 101, and form stable pulverized coal flame at burner outlet, greatly expand plasma coal dust firing technique to the coal-fired scope of application.
Fig. 3 has provided a kind of end face and has arranged the structural representation of the gas injection cylinder of injecting hole.As shown in Figure 3, the gas injection cylinder that its overall structure provides to Fig. 2 is similar, just the position of injecting hole is changed to gas injection cylinder exit end face by inwall, and combustion gas can be penetrated along the axis direction of gas injection cylinder 105.Preferably, the axis of injecting hole 503 tilts towards axis X-X of those side direction gas injection cylinders 105 of central tube 106 outlet, is so more conducive to the abundant blending of pulverized coal flame that combustion gas and Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 (or central tube 106, represent in Fig. 4) export.
According to the present invention, injecting hole 503 also can be all set on the end face of gas injection cylinder and inwall.
Fig. 4 has provided the structural representation of the another kind of plasma coal burner that adopts this gas injection barrel structure.As shown in Figure 4, central tube 106 is installed in plasma coal burner 101, as first-stage burning cylinder, with be arranged on central tube 106 plasma igniting device 103 above, breeze airflow is entered in plasma coal burner 101 by pulverized coal channel 104, wherein part breeze airflow flows in central tube 106 (first order breeze airflow), and all the other breeze airflows pass through (second level breeze airflow) between central tube 106 and the outer combustion barrel of plasma coal burner 101.
The hot plasma that plasma igniting device 103 produces is in central tube 106.When breeze airflow is interior through central tube 106, the larger pulverized coal particle of inertia is to concentrating near the central axis of central tube 106, the hot plasma producing with plasma igniting device 103 fully contacts, more than being heated to ignition temperature, fugitive constituent in coal dust is separated out, and initial burning, burning, form more stable pulverized coal flame in the exit of central tube 106.
The exit of central tube 106 is provided with gas injection cylinder 105, and its exit end face is concordant with central tube 106 exit end faces, or be positioned at central tube 106 exit end faces after (with respect to breeze airflow for the flow direction of burner).Because the axis of injecting hole 503 is partial to gas injection cylinder axis X-X towards central tube 106 those sides of outlet, the pulverized coal flame in combustion gas deflection central tube 106 exits is penetrated.
The combustion gas being injected in plasma coal burner 101 has been equivalent to greatly increase the content of fugitive constituent in coal dust, and its heat discharging after catching fire exceedes the common plasma coal burner heat that first order breeze airflow can produce in the time using bituminous coal.This part heat is delivered to second level breeze airflow in plasma burner 101, makes more than its temperature reaches ignition temperature, and catches fire, burns.
Like this, under the assistance of the combustion gas of injecting at gas injection cylinder 105, even when using difficulty that volatile content is lower and catching fire coal, most of pulverized coal particle also can effectively catch fire in plasma coal burner 101, and form stable pulverized coal flame at burner outlet, greatly expand the scope of application of plasma coal dust firing technique to fuel.
Fig. 5 has provided a kind of gas injection barrel structure schematic diagram being combined as a whole with Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102.As shown in Figure 5, the tubular rear portion 121 of Pulverized Coal Concentration device has replaced the inwall of original annotation inflator 105, and Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102 and gas injection cylinder 105 are combined into a unit, has simplified overall structure.The injecting hole 503 that is arranged on gas injection cylinder 105 exit end faces shown in Figure 5.Additionally or alternatively, injecting hole (not shown) equally also can be set on tubular rear portion 121.Central tube shown in Fig. 4 106 and gas injection cylinder 105 also can be combined as a whole (inwall that central tube 106 forms gas injection cylinder 105).
In the present invention, replace gas injection cylinder 105, also can adopt simple appendix, its port of export is arranged near the outlet of central tube 106 or Pulverized Coal Concentration device 102, and arrival end is connected with fuel gas source, for to the interior injection combustion gas of plasma coal burner 101.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, about Pulverized Coal Concentration device, adopt the Pulverized Coal Concentration device of describing in detail in Chinese patent ZL.200920145979.6.
Claims (3)
1. a plasma fuel gas composite pulverized coal burner, comprise plasma igniting device and first-stage burning cylinder, it is characterized in that, exit at first-stage burning cylinder is provided with gas injection device, gas injection device can be connected with fuel gas source by snorkel (501), for combustion gas being injected in coal burner (101); Described gas injection device is designed to gas injection cylinder (105);
Gas injection cylinder (105) and first-stage burning cylinder arrange coaxially, and the entrance of gas injection cylinder (105) inlet diameter concordant or overlapping with the outlet of first-stage burning cylinder and gas injection cylinder (105) is more than or equal to the outlet diameter of first-stage burning cylinder;
Gas injection cylinder (105) is designed to double-walled construction, surrounds a combustion gas chamber (502) by inside and outside perisporium and both sides end wall, and snorkel (501) is connected with this combustion gas chamber;
On the inwall of gas injection cylinder (105) and/or on the exit end face of gas injection cylinder (105), be provided with injecting hole (503);
The axis of the injecting hole (503) arranging on gas injection cylinder (105) exit end face tilts towards that side direction gas injection cylinder axis of outlet of gas injection cylinder (105).
2. by plasma fuel gas composite pulverized coal burner claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first-stage burning cylinder is designed to central tube or Pulverized Coal Concentration device.
3. the plasma fuel gas composite pulverized coal burner of employing as described in any one in claim 1-2 implemented a method for the compound igniting of plasma fuel gas, comprises the following steps:
First, the hot plasma that the plasma igniting device by coal burner produces is by part coal dust, first order breeze airflow is lighted in the first-stage burning cylinder of burner, goes out the stable pulverized coal flame of interruption-forming at first-stage burning cylinder;
Secondly, near the outlet of first-stage burning cylinder, utilize gas injection device to input a certain amount of combustion gas, under the effect of established pulverized coal flame, make fuel gas buring, form stronger gas flame;
Then, residue breeze airflow is caught fire more than the heat that produced is heated to ignition temperature by first order breeze airflow and combustion gas, also takes fire;
Finally, the breeze airflow that major part has been caught fire is sent burner nozzle and enters burner hearth.
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| CN201010614240.2A CN102537969B (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Plasma gas composite ignition method and pulverized coal burner |
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| CN201010614240.2A CN102537969B (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Plasma gas composite ignition method and pulverized coal burner |
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| CN102537969B true CN102537969B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| CN102620295B (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2014-10-22 | 西安康桥能源技术有限责任公司 | Industrial radial concentration dual-air regulation rotational flow coal powder and fuel gas mixed combustor |
| CN103017160B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2016-05-04 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | A kind of start-up burner of pure oxygen combustion-supporting |
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| CN102537969A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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