CN102528018A - Copper alloy powder for unleaded bimetallic bearing and preparation method of same - Google Patents
Copper alloy powder for unleaded bimetallic bearing and preparation method of same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102528018A CN102528018A CN2012100473769A CN201210047376A CN102528018A CN 102528018 A CN102528018 A CN 102528018A CN 2012100473769 A CN2012100473769 A CN 2012100473769A CN 201210047376 A CN201210047376 A CN 201210047376A CN 102528018 A CN102528018 A CN 102528018A
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Abstract
The invention relates to copper alloy powder for an unleaded bimetallic bearing and a preparation method of the copper alloy powder. The powder comprises the following constituents in percentage by weight: 77-96% of copper, 5-15% of tin, 1-8% of bismuth, 0.3% of zinc, 0.1% of phosphorus and 0.1% of lead. The preparation method comprises the following steps that: (1), material compounding; (2), smelting, that is, wood charcoal or cullet is added for slag shielding, the heat preservation time is 2-10 minutes, the temperature of copper liquid is controlled between 1300 DEG C and 1500 DEG C, a plurality of times of blending and slagging-off are carried out in the hear preservation process; (3), atomization; and (4), drying and screening, the atomized slurry is screened after being subjected to the processes of depositing and drying, and the apparent density is 3.5-5.0 g/cm<3>. By strictly controlling the content of zinc and phosphorus, the effects of the processes of powder preparing and sintering on the environment are improved, and the problem of lead contamination is avoided in the processes of manufacture, use and discard of automobile bearing bushes. The bimetallic bearing material sintered by copper alloy powder has excellent performances and is an environmentally-friendly material for replacing the traditional product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of powder metallurgy, relate in particular to a kind of lead-free bimetallic lubriation material with copper alloy powder and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Product purpose of the present invention be with the mild steel steel plate be matrix, surperficial loose sintering copper alloy powder, through the fine and close rolling copper alloy that forms-bimetal copper-steel lubriation material, be mainly used in and make automobile bearing, side plate, thrust plate etc.
Conventional sintering manufactured copper-bimetal copper-steel lubriation material is used copper alloy powder, like the Pot metal powder of the trades mark such as CuPb10Sn10, CuPb24Sn, CuPb24Sn4, all contains the lead of vast scale.Harmful because of lead and compound thereof, in July, 2006, European Union implemented the RoHS instruction, and the electronics and the electrical equipment that require to put goods on the market must not contain harmful substances such as lead.For a long time and since plumbous produce, pollution in the electroplating process and the bearing shell secondary pollution problem after discarded, environment has been caused huge harm, this problem more and more causes the concern of home and abroad sliding bearing industry.The cry of China exploitation leadless copper base self-lubricating material grows to even greater heights, and seeks a kind of unleaded new material and substitutes traditional material and become inexorable trend.
Chinese invention patent CN101428343 A has announced a kind of new copper alloy powder; Its prescription is formed: bismuth 1-15%, tin 0.5-10%, zinc 0.3-15%; All the other are copper, and as a kind of main interpolation composition, zinc content is higher with zinc for this patent.Announced a kind of lead-free copper-based alloy powder material among the Chinese invention patent CN101696477 B, its composition range is Cu93-94%, Sn6-7%, P0.1-0.4%.Announced a kind of lead-free copper-based alloy powder material among the patent CN101696478 B, its composition range is Cu87-89%, Sn5-7%, Zn5-7%.Make in the link at melting, atomizing and sintering etc., because of zinc and phosphorus are heated oxidation, gasification or volatilization take place very easily, these three kinds of patented products all cause air pollution, and aggravating working environment is to have substituted lead contamination with another kind of pollution, demands improvement urgently.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of lead-free bimetallic bearing material with copper alloy powder and preparation method thereof, the lead that in formulated component, do not contain hazardous substance does not produce other pollutions yet in manufacturing, use.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is following:
The lead-free bimetallic bearing material constitutes with copper alloy powder material weight percentage:
Copper 77-96%, tin 5-15%, bismuth 1-8%, zinc 0.3%, phosphorus < 0.1%, plumbous < 0.1%.
As preferably, said copper alloy powder material weight percentage constitutes: copper 84-89%, tin 8-12%, bismuth 2.5-3.5%, zinc 0.3%, phosphorus < 0.05%, plumbous < 0.1%.
The lead-free bimetallic bearing material is used the copper alloy powder powder material, it is characterized in that the physical property of said material is:
1. specification is-100 orders ,-120 orders ,-150 orders ,-180 orders ,-200 orders, and preferred specification is-150 orders;
2. apparent density is 3.5～5.0 g/cm
3Preferred apparent density is 3.8～4.8g/cm
3
3. flowability is≤25s/50g; Preferred flow property is≤23s/50g; Primary liquidity is≤20s/50g;
4. size distribution:>150 μ m:0.5%; 150 ~ 106 μ m:0-20%; 106 ~ 75 μ m:0-20%; 75 ~ 45 μ m:5-40%; < 45 μ m:45-85%;
Preferred size is distributed as>150 μ m:0%; 150 ~ 106 μ m :≤0.5%; 106 ~ 75 μ m:5-15%; 75 ~ 45 μ m:10-30%; < 45 μ m:55-75%;
5. grain shape is sphere, inferior sphere, irregular shape.Preferred particulates is shaped as inferior spherical.
Above-mentioned lead-free bimetallic bearing material comprises following concrete steps with the copper alloy powder preparation methods:
(1) batching: according to above-mentioned composition batching, zinc, phosphorus, lead content in the strict control raw material.
(2) melting: the Medium frequency induction smelting equipment that adopts 200～300kg capacity.Earlier these batchings are sequentially added into the frequency smelting stove, heighten smelting furnace power, make metal material fusings such as copper, tin, bismuth.Induction furnace has function composite by electromagnetic stirring, makes the copper alloy composition more even, and assorted slag is prone to come-up, removes.During melting, add charcoal or cullet and carry out the slag making protection, temperature retention time is 2～10 minutes, and copper liquid temperature is controlled between 1300～1500 ℃.Should repeatedly stir in the insulating process, skim, not have scum silica frost until copper liquid surface cleaning.
(3) atomizing: the High-Pressure Water that produces through plunger displacement pump or multistage pump atomizes to molten metal, and copper liquid passes through high pressure water impact and refinement, and meets water quick cooling, is frozen into inferior sphere or oval powder.Atomization parameter is:
1. jet size is Φ 1.5～3.5mm; The preferred version jet size is Φ 2.0～3.0mm;
2. the nozzle number is 6～12; Preferred version nozzle number is 8～10;
3. let slip a remark and be of a size of Φ 2.0～6.0mm; Preferred version is let slip a remark and is of a size of Φ 3.0～5.5mm;
4. the hydraulic pressure that atomizes is 2.5～12.0MPa; Preferred version atomizing hydraulic pressure is 3.0～9.0MPa;
5. atomization temperature is 1300～1500 ℃;
6. atomization speed is 10～30kg/min; The preferred version atomization speed is 10～20kg/min.
(4) oven dry screening: the atomized powder slurry sieves through the screen cloth that uses different meshes through operations such as deposition, oven dry again, and sieve removes meal, processes the Pb-free copper-alloy dusty material that various orders are counted specification.
The present invention has designed the composition scope of copper alloy especially, and has adopted above technology of preparing scheme, thereby realized that sliding bearing is unleaded with the copper alloy powder powder material through selecting the new copper alloying element.Copper alloy powder powder material of the present invention is mainly used in makes automobile bearing, side plate, thrust plate etc.Because of not containing Volatile Elements such as zinc, phosphorus, improved in processes such as powder melting atomizing, sintering influence to environment.This material is leaded because of not, the automobile bearing manufacturing, use and discarded process in all avoided plumbous pollution problem to environment.Copper alloy-the steel bimetal bearing material that uses this Pb-free copper-alloy powder sintering to become, its performance and traditional Pot metal material are suitable, are a kind of novel environment friendly materials of alternative traditional copper lead material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the granule-morphology figure of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the granule-morphology figure of embodiment 3.
The specific embodiment
Below through embodiment the present invention is described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The copper alloy powder trade mark is CuSn10Bi3.
(1) batching: the percentage by weight composition according to Cu86.6%, Sn10.1%, Bi3.2% is prepared burden, and adds up to weight 250kg.Zinc, phosphorus, lead content in the strict control raw material.
(2) melting: batching is sequentially added into the frequency smelting stove, heightens smelting furnace power, make copper, tin, the fusing of bismuth metal material.Induction furnace has function composite by electromagnetic stirring, and each element is evenly distributed more, and assorted slag is prone to come-up, removes.During melting, add charcoal or cullet and carry out slag making, temperature retention time is 4 minutes, and copper liquid temperature is controlled at 1460 ℃.Copper liquid surface does not have scum silica frost through repeatedly stirring, skimming until cleaning.
(3) atomizing: the water under high pressure that produces through plunger displacement pump or multistage pump atomizes to molten metal, and atomization parameter is:
1. jet size is Φ 2.0 mm;
2. the nozzle number is 8;
3. let slip a remark and be of a size of Φ 4.0 mm;
4. the hydraulic pressure that atomizes is 6.5 MPa;
5. atomization temperature is 1460 ℃;
6. atomization speed is 18 kg/min.
(4) oven dry screening: the atomized powder slurry is through operations such as deposition, oven dry, and through using 150 eye mesh screens to sieve, sieve removes meal, processes the Pb-free copper-alloy dusty material of-150 order specifications again.The result sees table 1.
Embodiment 2
The copper alloy powder trade mark is CuSn10Bi3.
(1) batching: the composition according to Cu86.5%, Sn10.5%, Bi3% is prepared burden, and adds up to weight 260kg.
(2) melting: these batchings are sequentially added into medium frequency induction melting furnace, during melting, add charcoal and carry out the slag making protection, temperature retention time is 6 minutes, and copper liquid temperature is 1480 ℃.Through repeatedly stirring, skimming, copper liquid surface cleaning does not have scum silica frost.
(3) atomizing: through water under high pressure molten metal is atomized, atomization parameter is:
1. jet size is Φ 2.5 mm;
2. the nozzle number is 10;
3. let slip a remark and be of a size of Φ 3.5 mm;
4. the hydraulic pressure that atomizes is 4.5 MPa;
5. atomization temperature is 1480 ℃;
6. atomization speed is 16 kg/min.
(4) oven dry screening: the atomized powder slurry is through operations such as deposition, oven dry, and again through 150 eye mesh screens, sieve removes meal, processes the Pb-free copper-alloy dusty material of-150 order specifications.The result sees table 1.
Embodiment 3
The copper alloy powder trade mark is CuSn8Bi5.
(1) batching: the percentage by weight composition according to Cu86.8%, Sn8.2%, Bi5 % is prepared burden, and adds up to weight 200kg.
(2) melting: these batchings are sequentially added into medium frequency induction melting furnace, during melting, add cullet and carry out the slag making protection, temperature retention time is 5 minutes, and copper liquid temperature is 1480 ℃.Through repeatedly stirring, skimming, copper liquid surface cleaning does not have scum silica frost.
(3) atomizing: through water under high pressure molten metal is atomized, atomization parameter is:
1. jet size is Φ 2.0 mm;
2. the nozzle number is 10;
3. let slip a remark and be of a size of Φ 3.5 mm;
4. the hydraulic pressure that atomizes is 4.8 MPa;
5. atomization temperature is 1480 ℃;
6. atomization speed is 18 kg/min.
(4) oven dry screening: after the operations such as atomized powder slurry process deposition, oven dry, again through 150 eye mesh screens, sieve removes meal, processes the Pb-free copper-alloy dusty material of-150 order specifications.The result sees table 1.
Comparative example 1
As comparative example, selecting the trade mark for use is the traditional copper metal dusty material of CuPb10Sn10, preparation method such as embodiment 2.
Table 1 shows that the unleaded sliding bearing of the embodiment of the invention is with the characteristic of copper alloy powder and the contrast of traditional copper metal powder.Through relatively finding out that each item performance indications of Pb-free copper-alloy powder of the present invention are all suitable with the traditional copper lead alloy material, be a kind of novel environment friendly material of alternative traditional copper lead material.
Copper alloy performance comparison sheet
Table 1
The above is merely one embodiment of the present of invention, is not the restriction to this case design, and all equivalent variations of doing according to the design key of this case all fall into the protection domain of this case.
Claims (4)
1. the lead-free bimetallic bearing material is characterized in that with copper alloy powder and preparation method thereof: said material weight percentage constitutes: copper 77-96%, tin 5-15%, bismuth 1-8%, zinc 0.3%, phosphorus < 0.1%, plumbous < 0.1%.
2. lead-free bimetallic lubriation material according to claim 1 is characterized in that with copper alloy powder and preparation method thereof: said material weight percentage constitutes: copper 84-89%, tin 8-12%, bismuth 2.5-3.5%, zinc 0.3%, phosphorus < 0.05%, plumbous < 0.1%.
3. lead-free bimetallic lubriation material according to claim 1 and 2 is used the copper alloy powder powder material, it is characterized in that the physical characteristic of said material is:
1. specification has-100 orders ,-120 orders ,-150 orders ,-180 orders ,-200 orders, and preferred specification is-150 orders;
2. apparent density is 3.5～5.0g/cm
3Preferred apparent density is 3.8～4.8g/cm
3
3. flowability is≤25s/50g; Preferred flow property is≤23s/50g; Primary liquidity is≤20s/50g;
4. size distribution:>150 μ m:0.5%; 150 ~ 106 μ m:0-20%; 106 ~ 75 μ m:0-20%; 75 ~ 45 μ m:5-40%; < 45 μ m:45-85%;
Preferred size is distributed as>150 μ m:0%; 150 ~ 106 μ m :≤0.5%; 106 ~ 75 μ m:5-15%; 75 ~ 45 μ m:10-30%; < 45 μ m:55-75%;
5. grain shape is sphere, inferior sphere, irregular shape; Preferred particulates is shaped as inferior spherical.
4. lead-free bimetallic bearing material according to claim 3 is used the copper alloy powder preparation methods, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) batching: the composition according to claim 1 or 2 said schemes is prepared burden, and contains zinc, phosphorus, lead content in the strict control raw material;
(2) melting: the Medium frequency induction smelting equipment that adopts 200～300kg capacity; Earlier these batchings are sequentially added into the frequency smelting stove, heighten smelting furnace power, make metal material fusings such as copper, tin, bismuth; Induction furnace should have function composite by electromagnetic stirring, makes the copper alloy composition more even, and assorted slag is prone to come-up, removes; During melting, add charcoal or cullet and carry out the slag making protection, temperature retention time is 2～10 minutes, and copper liquid temperature is controlled between 1300～1500 ℃; Should repeatedly stir in the insulating process, skim, not have scum silica frost until copper liquid surface cleaning;
(3) atomizing: the High-Pressure Water that produces through plunger displacement pump or multistage pump atomizes to molten metal, and copper liquid passes through high pressure water impact and refinement, and meets water quick cooling, is frozen into inferior sphere or oval powder; Atomization parameter is:
1. jet size is Φ 1.5～3.5mm; The preferred version jet size is Φ 2.0～Φ 3.0mm;
2. the nozzle number is 6～12; Preferred version nozzle number is 8～10;
3. let slip a remark and be of a size of Φ 2.0～6.0mm; Preferred version is let slip a remark and is of a size of Φ 3.0～5.5mm;
4. the hydraulic pressure that atomizes is 2.5～12.0MPa; Preferred version atomizing hydraulic pressure is 3.0～9.0MPa;
5. atomization temperature is 1300～1500 ℃;
6. atomization speed is 10～30kg/min; The preferred version atomization speed is 10～20kg/min;
(4) oven dry screening: after the operations such as atomized powder slurry process deposition, oven dry, the screen cloth that re-uses different meshes sieves, and sieve removes meal, processes the Pb-free copper-alloy dusty material that various orders are counted specification.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103028733A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-10 | 浦江汇凯粉体科技有限公司 | Preparation method of CuSn10Bi3.5 copper-bismuth alloy powder |
| CN103962564A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-06 | 浙江旭德新材料有限公司 | Method for preparing spherical bronze alloy powder |
| CN104454999A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-25 | 烟台大丰轴瓦有限责任公司 | Alloy material CuSn10Bi3 used for bearing bush base layer |
| CN106077683A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江旭德新材料有限公司 | Its bi-metal shaft bushing material copper alloy powder of a kind of copper and tin bismuth alloy powder and aerosolization preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107022692A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-08-08 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method that discharge plasma auxiliary ball mill prepares Cu Sn Bi bearing metal |
| CN108774695A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-09 | 界首市皖俊轴承有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of unleaded cupric bismuth-base alloy bearing |
| CN112626369A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-09 | 种向东 | Copper alloy powder and water atomization preparation method |
| CN112725656A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-04-30 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Plunger hole lining material for bimetallic hydraulic pump motor and application thereof |
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| CN1799734A (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2006-07-12 | 绍兴市吉利来金属材料有限公司 | Method for preparing low apparent density copper powder by reduction of water atomized dry powder |
| CN102151833A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-08-17 | 合肥工业大学 | High-performance environmentally-friendly copper-bismuth dual-metal bearing material and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN1799734A (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2006-07-12 | 绍兴市吉利来金属材料有限公司 | Method for preparing low apparent density copper powder by reduction of water atomized dry powder |
| CN102151833A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-08-17 | 合肥工业大学 | High-performance environmentally-friendly copper-bismuth dual-metal bearing material and manufacturing method thereof |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103028733A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-10 | 浦江汇凯粉体科技有限公司 | Preparation method of CuSn10Bi3.5 copper-bismuth alloy powder |
| CN103962564A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-06 | 浙江旭德新材料有限公司 | Method for preparing spherical bronze alloy powder |
| CN104454999A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-25 | 烟台大丰轴瓦有限责任公司 | Alloy material CuSn10Bi3 used for bearing bush base layer |
| CN106077683A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江旭德新材料有限公司 | Its bi-metal shaft bushing material copper alloy powder of a kind of copper and tin bismuth alloy powder and aerosolization preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107022692A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-08-08 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method that discharge plasma auxiliary ball mill prepares Cu Sn Bi bearing metal |
| CN107022692B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-10-18 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method that discharge plasma auxiliary ball mill prepares Cu-Sn-Bi bearing metal |
| CN108774695A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-09 | 界首市皖俊轴承有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of unleaded cupric bismuth-base alloy bearing |
| CN112626369A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-09 | 种向东 | Copper alloy powder and water atomization preparation method |
| CN112725656A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-04-30 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Plunger hole lining material for bimetallic hydraulic pump motor and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |