CN103028733A - Preparation method of CuSn10Bi3.5 copper-bismuth alloy powder - Google Patents
Preparation method of CuSn10Bi3.5 copper-bismuth alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN103028733A CN103028733A CN2012105439073A CN201210543907A CN103028733A CN 103028733 A CN103028733 A CN 103028733A CN 2012105439073 A CN2012105439073 A CN 2012105439073A CN 201210543907 A CN201210543907 A CN 201210543907A CN 103028733 A CN103028733 A CN 103028733A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation method of CuSn10Bi3.5 copper-bismuth alloy powder. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting 85-88 percent by weight of copper, 9-11 percent by weight of tin and 3-4 percent by weight of bismuth, adding the copper into a smelting furnace, heating to 1,080 DEG C in an atmospheric air atmosphere for smelting, adding the tin and the bismuth after smelting, and smelting to form alloy liquid; after detecting that components are qualified, heating to 1,150-1,180 DEG C; removing residues by scooping, injecting the alloy liquid into a stopper ladle, and atomizing by using a free-falling type rectangular annular ring nozzle under the water pressure of 4-5MPa under the protection of inert gas to form alloy powder; dehydrating and drying the alloy powder; and sieving to prepare finished CuSn10Bi3.5 copper-bismuth alloy powder between -150 meshes and +350 meshes. The copper-bismuth alloy powder is prepared by adopting melting and water mist methods, so that the CuSn10Bi3.5 copper-bismuth alloy powder can be taken as a friction reducing coating material in an engine sliding bearing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the alloy powder preparing technical field, relate to especially a kind of CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method.
Background technology
The copper-lead antifriction material not only has good antifriction performance and seizure resistance preferably, and material has high intensity and anti-wear performance simultaneously, can satisfy preferably the requirement of Modern Engine bearing.Have automobile bearing now with often containing a large amount of lead in the bronze based self-lubricating material, such as CuPb10Sn10, CuPb24Sn, CuPb24Sn4 etc.But lead is poisonous heavy metal, and lead contamination brings great harm to human body and environment.Developed country has put into effect a lot of relevant rules, and for example Rosh of European Union instruction limits and ban use of leaded material.Along with the development trend of environmental protection, product is unleaded imperative.
For the defects that exists in the present prior art, in fact be necessary to study, so that a kind of scheme to be provided, solve the defective that exists in the prior art, avoid leaded friction coat material in making and using to environment.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method, by the Guillaume metal powder that adopts melting and water fog method to prepare, can satisfy the requirement as the friction coat material in the Bearing in Internal Combustion Engine, avoid leaded friction coat material to the pollution of environment.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method may further comprise the steps:
The 1st step, selecting percentage by weight is 85～88% copper Cu, 9～11% tin Sn, the raw material of 3～4% bismuth Bi, Cu added be heated to 1080 ℃ in the smelting furnace melt in air atmosphere, add Sn again after the copper fusing, Bi carries out melting and forms aluminium alloy, smelting temperature is at 1100～1120 ℃, and smelting time is 15～20 minutes;
The 2nd step, described aluminium alloy is carried out the rear composition detection of liquid level slagging-off be controlled at Cu85～88%, Sn9～11%, Bi3～4%, the impurity that unavoidably maybe can't reject≤0.3% is warming up to 1150～1180 ℃ after composition detection is qualified;
The 3rd step, drag for clean bits, described aluminium alloy is injected bottom pour ladle, adopt free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle under inert gas shielding, to atomize with 4～5MPa hydraulic pressure, the water under high pressure temperature control is at 42 ℃～48 ℃, and High-Pressure Water smashes described aluminium alloy and forms alloy powder;
The 4th step, described alloy powder is carried out processed, the alloyed powder after the dehydration to be put into double conic rotary vacuum dryer and carried out drying, 4～6 hours drying times, temperature is 150 °～170 °, vacuum is-0.001～-0.002MPa, rotating speed is 20～30rpm;
In the 5th step, screening is prepared into-150～+ 350 purpose finished product CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder.
Preferably, the leakage eye of described bottom pour ladle bottom surface is 3, is in-line and is equally spaced, and described leakage eye diameter is 4～5mm.
Preferably, described free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle jet apex angle is 28～32 °.
The aluminum bronze powder of making by above technical scheme, less than the fine particle mass percentage of 100 μ m near 80%, belong to middle fine powder according to other criteria for classifying of powder size level, the pattern of powder is rendered as the comparatively spheroidal of rule, surface texture is smooth smooth, there is no pit or poroid tissue, good compactness, the apparent density of powder is 4.9～5.4g/cm3, and flowability is≤15s/50g.Adopt the CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder of technique scheme preparation to be coated with (melting) deposited sintering formation friction coat at steel matrix, coating has preferably antifriction, antisticking performance and higher bearing capacity, can match in excellence or beauty with Kelmet, be that the instead of copper metal is realized the unleaded ideal material of automobile engine bearings friction coat.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention contain any by claim definition in substituting of making of marrow of the present invention and scope, modification, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order to make the public the present invention is had a better understanding, in hereinafter details of the present invention being described, detailed some specific detail sections of having described.There is not for a person skilled in the art the description of these detail sections can understand the present invention fully yet.
With reference to figure 1, be depicted as the flow chart of steps of the CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method of the embodiment of the invention, it may further comprise the steps:
S1, selecting percentage by weight is 85～88% copper Cu, 9～11% tin Sn, the raw material of 3～4% bismuth Bi, Cu added be heated to 1080 ℃ in the smelting furnace melt in air atmosphere, add Sn again after the copper fusing, Bi carries out melting and forms aluminium alloy, smelting temperature is at 1100～1120 ℃, and smelting time is 15～20 minutes;
S2 carries out the rear composition detection of liquid level slagging-off with aluminium alloy and is controlled at Cu85～88%, Sn9～11%, and Bi3～4%, the impurity that unavoidably maybe can't reject≤0.3% is warming up to 1150～1180 ℃ after composition detection is qualified;
S3 drags for clean bits, and aluminium alloy is injected bottom pour ladle, adopts free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle to atomize with 4～5MPa hydraulic pressure under inert gas shielding, and the water under high pressure temperature control is at 42 ℃～48 ℃, and High-Pressure Water smashes aluminium alloy and forms alloy powder;
Wherein the leakage eye of bottom pour ladle bottom surface is 3, is in-line and is equally spaced, and leaking the eye diameter is 4～5mm; Free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle jet apex angle is 28～32 °, it is 3 by the leakage eye that straight-flanked ring controlled nozzle and bottom pour ladle bottom surface are set, the straight-flanked ring hole nozzle leaks the alloy liquid that flows out in the eye to 3 simultaneously and carries out the High-Pressure Water atomized spray, can greatly improve the preparation efficiency of alloy powder.
S4 carries out processed with alloy powder, and the alloyed powder after the dehydration is put into double conic rotary vacuum dryer and carried out drying, and 4～6 hours drying times, temperature is 150 °～170 °, and vacuum is-0.001～-0.002MPa, rotating speed is 20～30rpm;
S5, screening is prepared into-150～+ 350 purpose finished product CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder.
The present invention is further illustrated below to enumerate several specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) choosing raw material weight percentage component is, 1# cathode copper 86.5%, 1# tin slab 10%, 99.95# bismuth ingot 3.5%, be specially and adopt the 0.25T mid-frequency melting furnace, take by weighing 1# cathode copper 216.25Kg, 1# tin slab 25Kg, 99.95# bismuth ingot 8.75Kg, adding first Cu is heated to 1080 ℃ and melts in air atmosphere, add Sn, Bi again and carry out melting and obtain aluminium alloy after Cu fusing, smelting temperature is at 1100～1120 ℃, smelting time 15～20 minutes.
(2) composition detection is controlled at Cu85～88% after the slagging-off of the liquid level of aluminium alloy, Sn9～11%, and Bi3～4%, the impurity that unavoidably maybe can't reject≤0.3% is warming up to 1150～1180 ℃ after composition detection is qualified.
(3) drag for clean bits; aluminium alloy is injected bottom pour ladle; adopt free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle under inert gas shielding, to atomize with 4.5MPa hydraulic pressure; the water under high pressure temperature control is at 45 ℃; High-Pressure Water smashes aluminium alloy and forms alloy powder, and wherein the leakage eye of bottom pour ladle bottom surface is 3, is in-line and is equally spaced; leak the eye diameter and be chosen as 4.5mm, free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle jet apex angle is 30 °.
(4) described alloy powder is carried out processed, the alloyed powder after the dehydration is put into double conic rotary vacuum dryer carry out drying, be 5 hours drying time, and temperature is 160 ℃, and vacuum is-0.0015MPa that rotating speed is 25rpm;
(5) dried alloy powder is prepared into-150～+ 350 purpose finished product CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder through screening.
CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal apparent density of powder by this embodiment preparation is 5.2g/cm3, flowability is 13s/50g, be coated with (melting) at steel matrix and apply sintering formation friction coat, coating has preferably antifriction, antisticking performance and higher bearing capacity, can match in excellence or beauty with Kelmet.That the instead of copper metal is realized the unleaded ideal material of automobile engine bearings friction coat.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) choosing raw material weight percentage component is: 1# cathode copper 85%, 1# tin slab 11%, 99.95# bismuth ingot 4%, melt in air atmosphere, being heated to 1080 ℃ in the raw material Cu adding smelting furnace, after the Cu fusing, add again Sn, Bi and carry out melting, smelting temperature is at 1100～1120 ℃, and smelting time is 15～20 minutes.
(2) composition detection after the slagging-off of alloy liquid level is controlled at Cu85～88%, Sn9～11%, Bi3～4%, the impurity that unavoidably maybe can't reject≤0.3% is warming up to 1150～1180 ℃ after composition detection is qualified.
(3) drag for clean bits; aluminium alloy is injected bottom pour ladle; adopt free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle under inert gas shielding, to atomize with 4MPa hydraulic pressure; the water under high pressure temperature control is at 48 ℃; High-Pressure Water smashes aluminium alloy and forms powder, and wherein the leakage eye of bottom pour ladle bottom surface is 3, is in-line and is equally spaced; leak the eye diameter and be chosen as 4mm, free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle jet apex angle is 32 °.
(4) alloy powder is carried out processed, the alloy powder after the dehydration is put into double conic rotary vacuum dryer carry out drying, 5 hours drying times, temperature is 160 °, vacuum-0.001MPa, rotating speed 20rpm.
(5) dried alloy powder is prepared into-150～+ 350 purpose finished product CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder through screening.
CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal apparent density of powder by this embodiment preparation is 4.9g/cm3, flowability is 15s/50g, be coated with (melting) at steel matrix and apply sintering formation friction coat, coating has preferably antifriction, antisticking performance and higher bearing capacity, can match in excellence or beauty with Kelmet.That the instead of copper metal is realized the unleaded ideal material of automobile engine bearings friction coat.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) choosing raw material weight percentage component is: 1# cathode copper 88%, 1# tin slab 9%, 99.95# bismuth ingot 3%, melt in air atmosphere, being heated to 1080 ℃ in the raw material Cu adding smelting furnace, adding Sn, Bi after Cu fusing carries out melting and obtains aluminium alloy again, smelting temperature is at 1100～1120 ℃, smelting time 15～20 minutes.
(2) composition detection after the slagging-off of alloy liquid level is controlled at Cu85～88%, Sn9～11%, Bi3～4%, the impurity that unavoidably maybe can't reject≤0.3% is warming up to 1150～1180 ℃ after composition detection is qualified.
(3) drag for clean bits; aluminium alloy is injected bottom pour ladle; adopt free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle under inert gas shielding, to atomize with 5MPa hydraulic pressure; the water under high pressure temperature control is at 42 ℃; High-Pressure Water smashes aluminium alloy and forms powder, and wherein the leakage eye of bottom pour ladle bottom surface is 3, is in-line and is equally spaced; leak the eye diameter and be chosen as 5mm, free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle jet apex angle is 28 °.
(4) alloy powder is carried out processed, the alloyed powder after the dehydration is put into double conic rotary vacuum dryer carry out drying, drying time, 4 hours, temperature was 170 °, vacuum-0.002MPa, rotating speed 30rpm.
(5) dried alloy powder is prepared into-150～+ 350 purpose finished product CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder through screening.
CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal apparent density of powder by this embodiment preparation is 5.4g/cm3, flowability is 11s/50g, be coated with (melting) at steel matrix and apply sintering formation friction coat, coating has preferably antifriction, antisticking performance and higher bearing capacity, can match in excellence or beauty with Kelmet.That the instead of copper metal is realized the unleaded ideal material of automobile engine bearings friction coat.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The 1st step, selecting percentage by weight is 85～88% copper Cu, 9～11% tin Sn, the raw material of 3～4% bismuth Bi, Cu added be heated to 1080 ℃ in the smelting furnace melt in air atmosphere, add Sn again after the copper fusing, Bi carries out melting and forms aluminium alloy, smelting temperature is at 1100～1120 ℃, and smelting time is 15～20 minutes;
The 2nd step, described aluminium alloy is carried out the rear composition detection of liquid level slagging-off be controlled at Cu85～88%, Sn9～11%, Bi3～4%, the impurity that unavoidably maybe can't reject≤0.3% is warming up to 1150～1180 ℃ after composition detection is qualified;
The 3rd step, drag for clean bits, described aluminium alloy is injected bottom pour ladle, adopt free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle under inert gas shielding, to atomize with 4～5MPa hydraulic pressure, the water under high pressure temperature control is at 42 ℃～48 ℃, and High-Pressure Water smashes described aluminium alloy and forms alloy powder;
The 4th step, described alloy powder is carried out processed, the alloyed powder after the dehydration to be put into double conic rotary vacuum dryer and carried out drying, be 4～6 hours drying time, and temperature is 150～170 ℃, and vacuum is-0.001～-0.002MPa, rotating speed is 20～30rpm;
In the 5th step, screening is prepared into-150～+ 350 purpose finished product CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder.
2. CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the leakage eye of described bottom pour ladle bottom surface is 3, is in-line and is equally spaced, and described leakage eye diameter is 4～5mm.
3. CuSn10Bi3.5 Guillaume metal powder preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described free fall style straight-flanked ring hole nozzle jet apex angle is 28～32 °.
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| CN104454999A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-25 | 烟台大丰轴瓦有限责任公司 | Alloy material CuSn10Bi3 used for bearing bush base layer |
| CN106077683A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江旭德新材料有限公司 | Its bi-metal shaft bushing material copper alloy powder of a kind of copper and tin bismuth alloy powder and aerosolization preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106180670A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Fe-Ni soft magnetic alloy powder tundish and manufacture method thereof are prepared in water atomization |
| CN106191517A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-12-07 | 浙江旭德新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the copper and tin Ni-Bi alloy powder for producing bi-metal shaft bushing material |
| CN106938339A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-11 | 湖南旭博冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient gas-atomized powder equipment of big yield |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106077683A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江旭德新材料有限公司 | Its bi-metal shaft bushing material copper alloy powder of a kind of copper and tin bismuth alloy powder and aerosolization preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109128160A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-04 | 广东东睦新材料有限公司 | A kind of high intensity self-lubricating powdered metallurgical material and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110406201A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-05 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of self-lubricating dual metal laminar composite and its preparation method and application |
| CN110406201B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-09-25 | 大连理工大学 | Self-lubricating bimetal layered composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111702667A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-25 | 秦皇岛市雅豪新材料科技有限公司 | Elastic diamond grinding block with 320-mesh fine metal binding agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111560537A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-08-21 | 秦皇岛市雅豪新材料科技有限公司 | Bismuth-containing superfine copper-based pre-alloy powder and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111560537B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-02-11 | 秦皇岛市雅豪新材料科技有限公司 | Bismuth-containing superfine copper-based pre-alloy powder and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111702667B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-04-08 | 秦皇岛市雅豪新材料科技有限公司 | Elastic diamond grinding block with 320-mesh fine metal binding agent and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130410 |