CN102518432B - Test device capable of simulating plugging of high temperature and high pressure dropping strata - Google Patents
Test device capable of simulating plugging of high temperature and high pressure dropping strata Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test device capable of simulating plugging of high temperature and high pressure dropping strata, which is mainly composed of a gas source, an oil tank, an upper kettle body, a lower kettle body, a water source, a magnetic force driver, a central processing system and a liquid collecting tank. The upper kettle body is connected with the oil tank and the gas source, the lower kettle body is connected with the water source, the upper kettle body and the lower kettle body are not only respectively connected with a pressure pump and a pressure-release pump, but also respectively connected with a pressure sensor and a thermalcouple, and the pressure sensor and the thermalcouple are connected with the central processing system. A blade is arranged in the upper kettle body, a blade rotary shaft is driven by a frequency converting motor to rotate through the magnetic force driver, and a simulation rock core is arranged in the lower kettle body and connected with the liquid collecting tank. The test device capable of simulating plugging of high temperature and high pressure dropping strata can simulate complex working conditions of drilling working liquid under stratum conditions with different well depth, temperature, pressure and dropping types, slurry body flow states, differential pressure under high temperature and high pressure between a shaft and the stratum and the like, can test relevant parameters of plugging to determine dropping plugging effects so as to preferably select a drilling working liquid system.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preferably real-time Simulation bore well completion working liquid in pit shaft dynamic flow to the drop ply overall process and to carrying out the evaluation appts of dynamic plugging.By to formation conditions such as the temperature of different well depths, pressure, leakage channels, the test evaluation of plugging effect optimizes and misses loss circulation material and the corresponding leak stopping slurry system of environment facies couplings under the complex working condition such as flow regime, pressure reduction, has realized pit shaft and stratum in the operation process such as oil, natural gas exploration and development drilling well, well cementation, completion, well workover, cementing plug, squeeze method all are in leakage environment simulation under the high pressure and the test of plugging effect.
Background technology
Bore and often run into the many covers of same barefoot interval existence pressure systems in completion and the subsequent job process, the effect of different directions tectonic stress impels crisscross fracture development, the corrosion of formation water forms the complex geological conditions such as solution cavity that vary in size and since the effective head of liquid in the pit shaft and strata pressure uneven when communicating passage open often occur leakage, not only leak but also the Holes of Complicated Wells such as spray under situation.If can not in time take effective leak-proof leak-stopping measure will have a strong impact on the continuation operation, cause the prolongation of construction period, the increase of corresponding cost.Golden pheasant 1 well is because leakage is drilled into well depth 520m leak stopping more than 100 time from spudding in to, and 4.5 months consuming time, this well was missed altogether working solution and surpassed 73000m
3Leakage occurs in dark 1 well of tower when being drilled into well depth 6237.39m, be drilled into well depth 6800m four and end brill, and this drop ply accumulative total is missed drilling fluid 5624m
3
Optimize corresponding with it loss circulation material and leak stopping slurry system for different stratum characteristics, operating mode by effective Simulation evaluation instrument, the formulation of determining to reach follow-up for leak-stopping technique provides effective reference.Domestic and international laboratory multiplex API indoor static leak stopping evaluation device, once test the 4000ML that needs slurry to reach, the pressurization of normal temperature, nitrogen can not effectively be simulated the ground environment of stratum high-temperature high pressure, by hoodle pile up at random or seam plate that 6.4mm is thick not high for the simulation degree on stratum; Domestic Patents has utility model patent, and such as cement slurry blocking anglogue test device (ZL200520119105.5), to be static simulation in this instrument do not obtain embodying for the variation of fluidised form slurry; The lower consubstantiality of a kind of drilling leakage blockage simulation experimental rig (ZL200520070609.4) filter screen up and down causes more greatly analog distortion to the impact of plugging effect; Drilling leakage blockage simulation experimental rig (ZL02243296.5), this instrument fail the experiment relevant parameter is carried out Real-time Collection, are not easy to test the analysis after the end; Whether patent of invention has the process that never drains to leakage in this device of intelligent high-temperature high-voltage experimental instrument for dynamic leak stopping evaluation (ZL200510019252.X) not obtain complete simulation, and is the nitrogen pressurization, influential not the obtaining of leak stopping do not embodied for high pressure.The deficiency that these instruments are common: be that leakage does not obtain embodying under the pressure reduction under two high-pressure systems to slurry, if the situation that exists wellbore pressure to be lower than drop ply pressure in the continuation operation for the shutoff later stage can not be carried out effectively evaluating for the impact of the plugging effect in early stage, thus for blocking agent passing in time because environmental evolution plays physics, chemical property changes and affect the plugging effect evaluation and also do not obtain embodiment.
Therefore, the leak stopping evaluation instrument of studying a kind of effectively simulated formation situation and field working conditions optimizes corresponding loss circulation material and system, and the exploitation tool in oil field is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of HTHP leakage stratum simulation shutoff testing arrangement, this device can effectively be simulated the complex working conditions such as pressure reduction of drilling well working solution under HTHP between formation condition, slurry fluidised form and pit shaft and the stratum of different well depths, temperature, pressure, leakage type.Utilizing this device to improve the leak stopping relevant parameters such as ability, anti-displacement pressure by slurry wastage, plugged zone position, unit interval stratum pressure-bearing tests based on the leakage plugging effect under the high pressure of formation fracture pressure, thereby optimize drilling well work liquid system, for site operation provides indoor foundation.
For reaching above technical purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme.
HTHP leakage stratum simulation shutoff testing arrangement, temperature in the energy simulation wellbore hole is arranged, pressure, the pit shaft simulator of slurry fluidised form, simulate the simulation core of different leakage channels, the stratum simulator of pressure reduction between simulation wellbore hole pressure and the strata pressure, provide the electric energy to experiment, for Experimental Flowing Object circulation passage is provided and can simulate different leakage channel bearing of trends and dissimilar well other, in the experiment process relevant parameter is carried out real-time monitoring, control system that experimental result is gathered etc., by the present invention, can simulate the early stage maintenance of drilling well working solution from the pit shaft simulator and carry out continuously process to the late maintaining that enters the stratum simulator, formation temperature, strata pressure, pressure reduction under pit shaft and the stratum high-temperature high pressure, fluidised form and the dissimilar subsurface environments such as formation leakage passage and the leakage situations after surpassing Formation bearing pressure are by the analysis to experimental result, thereby explain site operation is proposed more targetedly constructure scheme.
HTHP leakage stratum simulation shutoff testing arrangement, mainly formed by source of the gas, fuel tank, upper kettle, lower kettle, water source, magnetic driver, variable-frequency motor, central processing system, data presentation system, liquid collecting tank, it is characterized in that, described upper kettle has upper kettle cover, upper kettle heater, lower kettle has lower kettle cover, lower kettle heater, and middle kettle cover and communicating valve are arranged between upper kettle and the lower kettle; Described upper kettle connects fuel tank, source of the gas and is provided with the oil spilling observation panel, upper kettle also is connected with oil return valve and oil return source of the gas, described upper kettle had both connected respectively upper kettle force (forcing) pump, upper kettle pressure release pump, connect respectively again upper kettle pressure sensor and upper kettle thermocouple, this pressure sensor, thermocouple link to each other with central processing system; Described lower kettle connects the water source and is provided with the spilling water observation panel, described lower kettle had both connected respectively lower kettle force (forcing) pump, lower kettle pressure release pump, connect respectively again lower kettle pressure sensor and lower kettle thermocouple, this pressure sensor, thermocouple link to each other with central processing system.
Slurry and paddle are equipped with in described upper kettle inside, packing ring, diaphragm and gland are arranged successively to separate the pressure medium on slurry and top on the paddle, and by the variable-frequency motor driven rotary, this motor links to each other with central processing system by magnetic driver in the paddle rotating shaft.
Simulation core is equipped with in described lower kettle inside, in the described simulation core leakage channel is arranged, and middle kettle cover bottom is connected with simulation core by screw thread, realizes sealing.
Described lower kettle connects liquid collecting tank, and liquid collecting tank is connected with electronic balance, and electronic balance links to each other with central processing system.In order to cool off from lower kettle high-temp liquid out, liquid collecting tank also is connected with condenser.
Described upper kettle, lower kettle connect respectively upper kettle rupture disk, lower kettle rupture disk, and pressure duct is equipped with rupture disk, are used for protecting whole extra high voltage system and operating personnel's safety.
Described central processing system connection data display system.
Magnetic driver is equipped with on the kettle cover top of upper kettle of the present invention; magnetic driver interconnects by V-belt and variable-frequency motor and realizes providing motive power with the rotation of linear velocity for the rotation of the paddle of kettle inside; upper kettle cover is designed with the oil spilling observation panel; the upper kettle indoor design is similar with multiviscosisty slurry cup; the paddle rotating shaft links to each other with magnetic driver; between paddle and magnetic driver, packing ring is arranged; diaphragm and gland; upper kettle links to each other with the pressure release pump with force (forcing) pump respectively with blowdown line by pressurized pipeline; force (forcing) pump advances the oil of fuel tank the inside force (forcing) pump then constantly upper kettle to be pressurizeed as pressure medium with oil by force (forcing) pump by source of the gas; the experiment complete by the oil return pipeline and to the fuel tank exhaust the oil pressure oil sump tank of kettle inside; pressure sensor is positioned at and is used for testing the still internal pressure on the pressure duct; thermocouple directly inserts kettle inside; pressure sensor is connected central processing system and shows with the picture and text form by display system with the thermocouple terminal; be used for protecting whole extra high voltage system and operating personnel's safety; upper kettle and lower kettle are realized being communicated with or cutting off by the communicating valve of middle kettle cover; middle kettle cover bottom is connected with simulation core by screw thread; to heat up by the water source in the simulation core outside; the realization of boosting; the spilling water observation panel is arranged at the lower kettle top; lower kettle has force (forcing) pump and pressure sensor; also be connected with thermocouple and water source; lower kettle also is connected with the pressure release pump; also be connected with liquid collecting tank; when the communicating valve between kettle is opened; the slurry of upper kettle enters the crack, bottom by communicating valve and discharges respective volume under the effect of pressure reduction water is to liquid collecting tank; enter the beaker of electronic balance after liquid collecting tank is collected, electronic balance directly links to each other with central processing system.
Among the present invention, the pit shaft simulator adopts heater, force (forcing) pump and pressure release pump by upper kettle and links to each other with central processing system by upper kettle pressure sensor, upper kettle thermocouple, complete paired data gathers, transmits, controls, it is 200 ℃ that upper kettle uses maximum temperature, pressure is 120MPa, is used for simulating different well and deep drilling well working solutions by the change procedure of well to leakage stratum flow process temperature and pressure.
Among the present invention, be equipped with upper kettle inside packing ring on paddle and the paddle, diaphragm, gland to be to separate the pressure medium on slurry and top, the paddle rotating shaft connects magnetic driver and variable-frequency motor, is used for simulating different well and deep drilling well working solutions in the variation of well to leakage stratum flow process fluidised form.
Among the present invention, the stratum simulator adopts heater, force (forcing) pump, pressure release pump by lower kettle and is connected by lower kettle pressure sensor, lower kettle thermocouple and central processing system, using maximum temperature at this system is 200 ℃, pressure 120MPa simulates the leakage interval ground environment of different well depths and type and allows stifled slurry carry out late maintaining at this.
Among the present invention, the stratum simulator the pressure release pump guaranteed when the high-pressure fluid of upper kettle enters the stratum simulator under high pressure pressure release of simulated formation and collected the liquid of leakage by liquid collecting tank, under liquid collecting tank, have electronic balance to link to each other with central processing system, simulate bore in the drilling process at the scene open the leakiness stratum in well effectively head of liquid be higher than formation fracture pressure and crush the situation that the drilling well working solution that causes on the stratum is missed under HTHP.
Among the present invention, the condenser that links to each other with liquid collecting tank is used for the high temperature high pressure liquid that is higher than 100 ℃ is collected.
Among the present invention, pit shaft simulator upper kettle and stratum simulator lower kettle are realized opening and closing by communicating valve, and simulation wellbore hole is in respectively two different HTHP systems with the stratum before leakage, are in two pressure reduction under the HTHP when leakage.Upper kettle and lower kettle be by the rotary main shaft coaxial rotating, with the dissimilar leakage situation of well under different operating modes such as the leakage channel of simulating different bearing of trends and horizontal well, extended reach well, directional wells.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention can be in indoor effective simulate formation temperature (200 ℃ of maximum operation (service) temperatures), pressure (the highest use 120MPa) and slurry flow regime under the different rate of pumpings in pit shaft; Former crack is prolonged, after experiment finishes, can take direct observation plugging effect apart, and rock core has been designed hole fracture medium model and different pore throat ratio and different bearing of trends; Late maintaining after maintenance in early stage before the leakage in the pit shaft simulator and the leakage in the simulator of stratum is in separately independently temperature, control pressurer system, instrument slurry tube and simulation core are interconnected and can only realize that the situation of Negative Pressure Difference appears in can not simulation wellbore hole in the positive differential pressure situation before changing, can effectively simulate since in the pit shaft slurry effective pressure be higher than the leakage situation of stratum under high temperature, high pressure that Formation bearing pressure causes; Instrument integral body can be rotated, and reaches different bearing of trends and the straight well of leakage channel in the stratum, inclined shaft, the simulation of the hole condition that horizontal well etc. are dissimilar; And logarithm is executed Real-time Collection factually, makes things convenient for next step effective analysis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is upper kettle of the present invention, lower kettle assembling schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is upper kettle internal construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is lower kettle internal construction schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1, source of the gas, 2, the fuel tank admission valve, 3, fuel tank ventilation valve, 4, fuel tank, 5, inlet valve, 6, oil return valve, 7, lower kettle pressure release pump, 8, the spilling water observation panel, 9, upper kettle, 10, upper kettle cover, 11, upper kettle pressure release pump, 12, condenser, 13, liquid collecting tank, 14, electronic balance, 15, lower kettle cover, 16, the lower kettle heater, 17, lower kettle, 18, middle kettle cover, 19, the upper kettle heater, 20, magnetic driver, 21, the oil spilling observation panel, 22, variable-frequency motor, 23, the upper kettle rupture disk, 24, the upper kettle pressure sensor, 25, the upper kettle thermocouple, 26, the lower kettle pressure sensor, 27, the lower kettle thermocouple, 28, the water source, 29, the lower kettle rupture disk, 30, the lower kettle force (forcing) pump, 31, the upper kettle force (forcing) pump, 32, the oil return source of the gas, 33, data presentation system, 34, central processing system, 35, communicating valve, 36, rotary main shaft, 37, the paddle rotating shaft, 38, gland, 39, diaphragm, 40, packing ring, 41, paddle, 42, simulation core, 43, leakage channel
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
HTHP leakage stratum simulation shutoff testing arrangement, mainly formed by source of the gas 1, fuel tank 4, upper kettle 9, lower kettle 17, water source 28, magnetic driver 20, variable-frequency motor 22, central processing system 34, data presentation system 33, liquid collecting tank 13, it is characterized in that, described upper kettle 9 has upper kettle cover 10, upper kettle heater 19, lower kettle 17 has lower kettle cover 15, lower kettle heater 16, and middle kettle cover 18 and communicating valve 35 are arranged between upper kettle and the lower kettle; Described upper kettle connects fuel tank 4 and is provided with oil spilling observation panel 21 by inlet valve 5, fuel tank 4 connects source of the gas 1 by fuel tank admission valve 2, fuel tank is connected with fuel tank ventilation valve 3, upper kettle is connected with oil return valve 6 and oil return source of the gas 32, described upper kettle had both connected respectively upper kettle force (forcing) pump 31, upper kettle pressure release pump 11, connect respectively again upper kettle pressure sensor 24 and upper kettle thermocouple 25, this pressure sensor, thermocouple link to each other with central processing system 34; Described lower kettle connects water source 28 and is provided with spilling water observation panel 8, described lower kettle had both connected respectively lower kettle force (forcing) pump 30, lower kettle pressure release pump 7, connect respectively again lower kettle pressure sensor 26 and lower kettle thermocouple 27, this pressure sensor, thermocouple link to each other with central processing system 34; There is paddle 41 described upper kettle inside, and by variable-frequency motor 22 driven rotary, this motor links to each other with central processing system 34 by magnetic driver 20 in paddle rotating shaft 37; Described lower kettle connects condenser 12 and liquid collecting tank 13, and liquid collecting tank is connected with electronic balance 14, and electronic balance links to each other with central processing system 34; Described central processing system connection data display system 33.
Described upper kettle, lower kettle connect respectively upper kettle rupture disk 23, lower kettle rupture disk 29.
Referring to Fig. 2.
Referring to Fig. 3.
Slurry and paddle 41 are equipped with in described upper kettle inside, packing ring 40, diaphragm 39 and gland 38 are arranged successively separating the pressure medium on slurry and top on the paddle, paddle rotating shaft 37 by magnetic driver by the variable-frequency motor driven rotary.
Referring to Fig. 4.
Simulation core 42 is equipped with in described lower kettle inside, and described simulation core has leakage channel 43, and middle kettle cover 18 is connected connection by screw thread with simulation core, realizes sealing.
Assemble during experiment rock core and and the screw thread seamless link of middle kettle cover, put into lower kettle, close communicating valve, install upper kettle, putting into paddle falls to starch, install packing ring, diaphragm and gland, upper kettle cover connects motor, open source of the gas constantly to the fuel tank air inlet, the oil pressure of fuel tank is entered upper kettle, until the oil spilling observation panel has oil spill to go out, shut the valve of overfall, constantly supply water to lower kettle simultaneously, until overfall gap has water to overflow, shut the valve of overfall gap, at central data processing system temperature and pressure is arranged, open the upper kettle force (forcing) pump, the lower kettle force (forcing) pump, the upper kettle heater, the lower kettle heater, upper kettle relief valve, lower kettle relief valve, allow slurry carry out the maintenance in early stage at upper kettle, kettle cover constantly enters lower kettle by the good slurry of maintenance in the middle of opening after maintenance is complete in the situation of pressure reduction, has simultaneously isopyknic slurry constantly to flow out from liquid collecting tank in the lower kettle, constantly descends owing to the slurry outflow pressure in the upper kettle, the simultaneously continuous ftercompction of upper kettle force (forcing) pump, the pressure on top will go up to some extent until reach setting pressure if slurry can bear certain pressure in leakage channel; After blocking, turn off communicating valve, clean upper kettle, and the slurry in the lower kettle rock core carried out maintenance, behind certain hour, just to fill it up with fracturing fluid at upper kettle lower kettle is carried out pressure testing at curing time, investigate the stifled variation of having starched the bearing capacity after the structure of different time sections chemistry, to such an extent as to if slurry can not pressure-resistant in the crack and the pressure balance of upper kettle then upper kettle force (forcing) pump will constantly suppress, the liquid that lower kettle pressure release pump enters upper kettle after surpassing the Formation bearing pressure of setting flows out, and finishes until the stifled slurry in top has leaked experiment; Thereby filter out satisfactory loss circulation material and system.
Claims (5)
1. the shutoff testing arrangement is simulated on HTHP leakage stratum, by source of the gas (1), fuel tank (4), upper kettle (9), lower kettle (17), water source (28), magnetic driver (20), variable-frequency motor (22), central processing system (34), data presentation system (33), liquid collecting tank (13) forms, it is characterized in that, described upper kettle (9) has upper kettle cover (10), upper kettle heater (19), lower kettle (17) has lower kettle cover (15), lower kettle heater (16) has middle kettle cover (18) and communicating valve (35) between upper kettle and the lower kettle; Described upper kettle connects fuel tank (4) and source of the gas (1) and is provided with oil spilling observation panel (21), upper kettle is connected with oil return valve (6) and oil return source of the gas (32), described upper kettle had both connected respectively upper kettle force (forcing) pump (31), upper kettle pressure release pump (11), connect respectively again upper kettle pressure sensor (24) and upper kettle thermocouple (25), described upper kettle pressure sensor, upper kettle thermocouple link to each other with central processing system (34); Described lower kettle connects water source (28) and is provided with spilling water observation panel (8), described lower kettle had both connected respectively lower kettle force (forcing) pump (30), lower kettle pressure release pump (7), connect respectively again lower kettle pressure sensor (26) and lower kettle thermocouple (27), described lower kettle pressure sensor, lower kettle thermocouple link to each other with central processing system (34); There is paddle (41) described upper kettle inside, and by variable-frequency motor (22) driven rotary, this motor links to each other with central processing system (34) by magnetic driver (20) in paddle rotating shaft (37); There is simulation core (42) described lower kettle inside, and described simulation core has leakage channel (43), and middle kettle cover (18) is connected 42 by screw thread with simulation core) connect; Described lower kettle connects liquid collecting tank (13) and electronic balance (14), and electronic balance links to each other with central processing system (34); Described central processing system connection data display system (33).
2. simulation shutoff testing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described upper kettle, lower kettle connect respectively upper kettle rupture disk (23), lower kettle rupture disk (29).
3. simulation shutoff testing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described liquid collecting tank is connected with condenser (12).
4. simulation shutoff testing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, middle kettle cover (18) is arranged between upper kettle and the lower kettle, and by rotary main shaft (36) coaxial rotating.
5. simulation shutoff testing arrangement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, there is paddle (41) described upper kettle inside, packing ring (40), diaphragm (39) and gland (38) is arranged successively to separate the pressure medium on slurry and top on the paddle.
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| CN 201110439139 CN102518432B (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Test device capable of simulating plugging of high temperature and high pressure dropping strata |
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| CN 201110439139 CN102518432B (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Test device capable of simulating plugging of high temperature and high pressure dropping strata |
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| CN102518432B true CN102518432B (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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