CN102515453A - High-concentration anaerobic digestion treating device for urban sludge and use method - Google Patents
High-concentration anaerobic digestion treating device for urban sludge and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102515453A CN102515453A CN2011103754276A CN201110375427A CN102515453A CN 102515453 A CN102515453 A CN 102515453A CN 2011103754276 A CN2011103754276 A CN 2011103754276A CN 201110375427 A CN201110375427 A CN 201110375427A CN 102515453 A CN102515453 A CN 102515453A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to environmental protection and specifically relates to a high-concentration anaerobic digestion treating device for urban sludge and a use method. The treating device comprises an anaerobic digestion unit, an anoxic digestion unit and a ferric oxide filtering unit, wherein a fixed type separating dispersing layer is arranged in a shell of the treating device; the interior of the shell is separated into the anaerobic digestion unit and the anoxic digestion unit by the fixed type separating dispersing layer; anode and cathode electrodes are respectively arranged in the anaerobic digestion unit and the anoxic digestion unit and are separated by the fixed type separating dispersing layer; an anion-cation exchange resin mixing column is arranged in the anaerobic digestion unit; a sludge inlet and a sludge outlet are respectively formed on two side walls of the anaerobic digestion unit; a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed on the two side walls of the anoxic digestion unit; and the water outlet is connected with the ferric oxide filtering unit 3 and a draining port in turn. The treating device provided by the invention is used for reducing the harmful influence of the accumulation of acidy metabolic products during the anaerobic digestion process of the urban sludge on the activity of related microorganism floras. The treating device provided by the invention is suitable for the high-concentration anaerobic digestion of the sludge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environment protection, the treatment unit and the method for use of the anaerobic digestion of a kind of specifically municipal sludge high density.
Background technology
China's municipal sewage treatment amount improves year by year, and the mud that produces in the sewage treatment process also increases synchronously.The sewage treatment capacity of China reaches 1.36 hundred million ton per days at present, and treatment rate of domestic sewage surpasses 70%.Produce 0.3-0.5% mud in the sewage treatment process, the general 99-96% of water cut, the generation of national dewatered sludge (moisture 80%) are above 2,500 ten thousand tons/year.
Municipal sludge is without stabilization treatment, arbitrarily landfill, topple over and be used for the farmland and use and all possibly cause environmental pollution.The up-to-date relevant regulations of issuing in 2009 has clearly defined the party responsible that sewage work is the mud safe disposal, is responsible for disposing voluntarily or entrusting relevant speciality company to dispose the mud that produces.Sewage sludge harmlessness and stabilization are the minimum requirements of mud safe disposal, and for fear of soil, underground water and atmospheric pollution that the simple landfill of municipal sludge causes, that municipal sludge is needed badly is innoxious, stabilization, resource utilization and minimizing are disposed.
Sludge disposal mainly contains three core links: mud concentrates, mud organic substance is disposed and the sludge heavy-metal pollutant is disposed.Mud concentrates in the link, digestion or undigested mud general earlier through the mechanical system dehydration to moisture about 80%, then according to the concrete disposal method of mud, possibly utilize methods such as sun power, industrial exhaust heat or lime further dehydration and mummification.Mud organic substance is disposed in the link, mainly realizes stable, the decrement and the recycling of mud organic substance through three approach (burning, aid burning or bio-digestion).Directly the heavy metal in the disposing sludge is difficult for, generally through organic passivation or the curing that realizes sludge heavy-metal indirectly of disposing sludge.We can say that safety, reasonably the organism in the disposing sludge is the key of safe disposal mud.
Based on above three sludge disposal links; Formed diversified sludge disposal scheme: 1) dewatered sludge through coal-fired flue-gas or manufacture of cement the waste heat mummification and be used to burn, brickmaking, production cement etc. is good mud; But only be fit to minority sewage work, sewage work's circumference in many cities does not have cement mill or heat power plant for tens kilometers yet; 2) if sludge heavy-metal content does not exceed standard, aerobic compost is handled and is used to produce the good method that fertilizer is another disposing sludge after the sludge dewatering, but the ozone Control in the composting process is extremely important; 3) mud or dewatered sludge anaerobic digestion had both realized sludge reduction and stabilization, can obtain biogas again and be used for generating or heat supply, and the mud after the digestion process can be used for gardening plantation and agriculture prodn if heavy metal content does not exceed standard.
Because the industrial production layout is uneven; Heavy metal class in the mud that the many municipal sewage plants of China produce is polluted lighter relatively; In the safe disposal scheme of this type mud, be fit to very much incorporate anaerobic sludge digestion and handle this recycling sludge and minimizing disposal link.But, anaerobic sludge digestion has certain strict demand, and the realization steady running also is not easy.This is because in the anaerobic sludge digestion process, the accumulation of organic acid, hydrogen sulfide or toxic heavy metal all can suppress the activity that methane produces bacterium, causes whole anaerobic digester system processing efficiency low and even routed.Therefore, in anaerobic digestion process, stablizing the physiological environment of methanogen, is the key of stablizing anaerobic digestion.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the device and method of a kind of municipal sludge high density anaerobic digestion.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the scheme that the present invention adopts is:
The treatment unit of a kind of municipal sludge high density anaerobic digestion; Comprise anaerobic digestion unit, anoxic digestion unit and red stone filtering unit; The enclosure interior of said treatment unit is provided with fixed separation diffusion layer; This fixed separation diffusion layer is divided into anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digestion unit with enclosure interior, and the positive and negative electrode branch is in anaerobic digestion unit and the anoxic digestion unit, separates through fixed separation diffusion layer; Be provided with anion-cation exchange resin in the anaerobic digestion unit and load in mixture post, on the unitary two side of anaerobic digestion, be respectively equipped with mud admission port, mud relief outlet; Water-in and water outlet are located at anoxic respectively and are digested unitary two side, and said water outlet connects red stone filtering unit and water port successively.
Said positive and negative electrode links to each other with the external source low-voltage dc power supply.The voltage of said external source low-voltage dc power supply is 0.4-1.0V.Said anoxic digestion top, unit is provided with venting port.It is 5 that said anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digest unitary volume ratio: 1-10: 1.Said anion-cation exchange resin loads in mixture post and is positioned at anaerobic digestion unit bottom central authorities, and anion-cation exchange resin loads in mixture the 1-5% that post accounts for the anaerobic digestion unit volume.Said anion-cation exchange resin loads in mixture the mass ratio 3 of the anion-cation exchange resin in the post: 1-1: 3.Said mud admission port and mud relief outlet lay respectively at the both sides of anaerobic digestion unit axial cross section, and the mud relief outlet is higher than the mud admission port.Said mud relief outlet and water outlet are positioned at homonymy.
The method of use of the treatment unit of municipal sludge high density anaerobic digestion; In the anaerobic digestion unit, add pending mud; Utilize in the anaerobic digestion unit anion-cation exchange resin to load in mixture and add recycled anion-cation exchange resin in the post, be aided with anoxic digestion unit, and between anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digestion unit, apply low-voltage dc voltage; The inner acidic meta-bolites accumulation of reduction anaerobic digestion unit improves the system stability of municipal sludge high density anaerobic digestion.
Saidly between anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digestion unit, separate with fixed separation diffusion layer; Fill the silica sand of particle diameter 5-10mm in the diffusion layer.PH in the said anoxic digestion unit is controlled between the 5-10 through adding nitric acid.
The mud that the anaerobic digestion unit by using is added within it carries out Anaerobic Digestion, the cultivation of anaerobic digestion unit the unloading phase carrying out needing to experience one before the anaerobic sludge digestion.The unloading phase; (32-35 ℃) drops into the fresh sludge of moisture 98-99.0% (mass ratio) under the medium temperature condition in the anaerobic digestion district; And the mixed solution that constitutes of the butyric acid that adds propionic acid and the 1-10mM of the starch contain 0.5-2.0% (mass ratio), 1-10mM, cultivate a week; Weekly in the ratio of anaerobic digestion unit volume 20-80%, replace then, continued for three weeks with the above-mentioned mixed solution of fresh configuration.Meanwhile, carry out anoxic and digest the cultivation unitary the unloading phase.In anoxic digestion unit, add the fresh sludge of 0.1-0.2% (mass ratio), add SODIUMNITRATE and the 1-5mM sodium sulphite of 1-5mM, cultivate a week; Then in anoxic digestion unit, add the nitric acid of 2-5mM weekly, continued for three weeks.
Sludge treatment: under the medium temperature condition (32-35 ℃), pending mud gets into the anaerobic digestion unit through the unitary mud admission port 8 of anaerobic digestion.The input amount weekly of the mud of moisture 95-85% is the 1/3-1/8 of anaerobic digestion unit volume; The withdrawal volume of mud accounts for the 60-90% that mud drops into volume; Rest part lentamente through behind the anoxic digestion unit 2, digests the water outlet 11 of unit 2 continuously with liquid form through anoxic; Get into red stone filtering unit 3, discharge through relief outlet 13 then.Anoxic digests unitary pH, maintains between the 5-10 through adding nitric acid.Impressed voltage 0.4-1.0V between anaerobic digestion unit 1 and the anoxic digestion unit 2, and, improve the stability that methane produces the bacterium suitable habitats with anion-cation exchange resin.The gas that anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digestion unit produce is collected by venting port 12.Anoxic digests unitary water outlet after red stone filters, as liquid nitrogen fertilizer; Discharge mud and be used for organic fertilizer production.The gas of generation gets into anoxic digestion unit through separating diffusion layer in the anaerobic digestion unit, and digests unitary venting port discharge through anoxic.
The advantage that the present invention had:
1. the acidic metabolite accumulation is fit to the high density anaerobic digestion of mud to the disadvantageous effect of related microorganisms bacterial activity in the reduction urban mud anaerobic digestion process.
2. reduce the odor pollution in the anaerobic sludge digestion process.
3. obtain biogas and fertilizer, realize the recycling of mud.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the treatment unit of anaerobic sludge digestion of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1; Treatment unit; Comprise anaerobic digestion unit 1, anoxic digestion unit 2 and red stone filtering unit 3, the enclosure interior of said treatment unit is provided with fixed separation diffusion layer 5, and this fixed separation diffusion layer 5 is divided into anaerobic digestion unit 1 and anoxic digestion unit 2 with enclosure interior; Positive and negative electrode was in anaerobic digestion unit 1 in 6 minutes and digests in the unit 2, separates through fixed separation diffusion layer 5 with anoxic, and positive and negative electrode 6 links to each other with external source low-voltage dc power supply 7 simultaneously; Be provided with anion-cation exchange resin in the anaerobic digestion unit 1 and load in mixture post 4, on the two side of anaerobic digestion unit 1, be respectively equipped with mud admission port 8, mud relief outlet 9; Water-in 10 is located at the two side that anoxic digests unit 2 respectively with water outlet 11, and said water outlet 11 connects red stone filtering unit 3 and water port 13 successively, and venting port 12 is located at anoxic digestion 2 tops, unit in addition.Said mud admission port 8 and mud relief outlet 9 lay respectively at the both sides of anaerobic digestion unit 1 axial cross section, and mud relief outlet 9 is higher than mud admission port 8.Said mud relief outlet 9 is positioned at homonymy with water outlet 11.
Said anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digestion unit are made up of cylindrical synthetic glass, and internal diameter is 20cm, high 50cm and 10cm respectively; Fixed separation diffusion floor height 10cm, filling particle diameter is the silica sand of 5-10mm; Positive and negative electrode is an activated carbon fiber, counterpoise 50g.Positive and negative electrode links to each other with low-voltage dc power supply through the titanium silk.The interpolation mass ratio of anion-cation exchange resin is 1: 2 in the anaerobic digestion unit, and negatively charged ion is strong-basicity styrene series anion exchange resin (model is 717), and resin cation(R.C.) is strongly acidic styrene type cation exchange resin (model is 732).Resin is wrapped up by nylon gauze, adds total amount and accounts for 2% of anaerobic digestion unit volume.
Treatment process:
Unloading phase, cultivate: the cultivation of anaerobic digestion unit the unloading phase carrying out experiencing one before the anaerobic sludge digestion.The unloading phase; (32-35 ℃) drops into moisture 99.0% fresh sludge under the medium temperature condition in the anaerobic digestion district; And add and to contain 1.0% starch, the propionic acid of 5mM and the butyro-mixed solution of 5mM, cultivate a week, then weekly in the ratio of anaerobic digestion unit volume 30%; With above-mentioned mixed solution displacement, continued for three weeks.Meanwhile, carry out anoxic and digest the cultivation unitary the unloading phase.In anoxic digestion unit, add 0.2% fresh sludge, add SODIUMNITRATE and the 3mM sodium sulphite of 3mM, cultivate a week; Then in anoxic digestion unit, add the nitric acid of 3mM weekly, continued for three weeks.
Sludge treatment: under the medium temperature condition (32-35 ℃), pending mud gets into the anaerobic digestion unit through the unitary mud admission port 8 of anaerobic digestion.The input amount weekly of moisture 95% mud (TOC content 18g/L) is 5.0L; Mud output 4.0L weekly, the mud mean residence time closed 21 days; Approximately the liquid of 1.0L slowly flows into anoxic digestion unit from the anaerobic digestion unit weekly, flows out through peroxide of iron filtering unit through the anoxic unit water outlet then.Anoxic digests unitary pH, adds nitric acid by water-in and maintains between the 5-10.Impressed voltage 0.4V between anaerobic digestion unit 1 and the anoxic digestion unit 2.Methane and nitrogen that anaerobic digestion and anoxic digestion produce are collected by venting port 12.Result shows that the TOC that discharges mud on average maintains under the 7g/L, and clearance is more than 60%, and the ammonia-nitrogen content of the water outlet of red stone filtering unit is more than 400mg/L, and the content of hydrogen sulfide is lower than 0.3% in the anoxic exhaust.
Embodiment 2
Be with embodiment 1 difference: the water cut of pending mud is 90%; The interpolation mass ratio 1: 1 of anion-cation exchange resin in the anaerobic digestion unit, negatively charged ion is a strong-basicity styrene series anion exchange resin, resin cation(R.C.) is a strongly acidic styrene type cation exchange resin, adds total amount and accounts for 3% of anaerobic digestion unit volume; The input amount weekly of mud (TOC content 24g/L) is 3.0L; The mud output is 2.5L weekly, and the mud mean residence time closed 35 days; Approximately the liquid of 0.5L slowly gets into anoxic digestion unit continuously from the anaerobic digestion unit weekly, flows out through peroxide of iron filtering unit through the anoxic unit water outlet then; Impressed voltage is 0.6V.Result shows that the TOC that discharges mud on average maintains under the 9g/L, and clearance is more than 60%, and the ammonia-nitrogen content of the water outlet of red stone filtering unit is more than 600mg/L, and the content of hydrogen sulfide is lower than 0.4% in the anoxic exhaust.
Embodiment 3
Be with embodiment 1 difference: the water cut of pending mud is 85%; The interpolation mass ratio 1: 1 of anion-cation exchange resin in the anaerobic digestion unit, negatively charged ion is a strong-basicity styrene series anion exchange resin, resin cation(R.C.) is a strongly acidic styrene type cation exchange resin, adds total amount and accounts for 4% of anaerobic digestion unit volume; The input amount weekly of mud (TOC content 36g/L) is 2.0L; The mud output is 1.5L weekly, and the mud mean residence time closed 53 days; Approximately the liquid about 0.5L slowly gets into anoxic digestion unit from the anaerobic digestion unit weekly, flows out through peroxide of iron filtering unit through the anoxic unit water outlet then; Impressed voltage is 0.8V.Result shows that the TOC that discharges mud on average maintains under the 12g/L, and clearance is more than 65%, and the ammonia-nitrogen content of the water outlet of red stone filtering unit is more than 900mg/L, and the content of hydrogen sulfide is lower than 0.5% in the anoxic exhaust.
Claims (11)
1. the treatment unit of municipal sludge high density anaerobic digestion; It is characterized in that: comprise anaerobic digestion unit 1, anoxic digestion unit 2 and red stone filtering unit 3; The enclosure interior of said treatment unit is provided with fixed separation diffusion layer 5; This fixed separation diffusion layer 5 is divided into anaerobic digestion unit 1 and anoxic digestion unit 2 with enclosure interior, and positive and negative electrode was in anaerobic digestion unit 1 in 6 minutes and digests in the unit 2, separates through fixed separation diffusion layer 5 with anoxic; Be provided with anion-cation exchange resin in the anaerobic digestion unit 1 and load in mixture post 4, on the two side of anaerobic digestion unit 1, be respectively equipped with mud admission port 8, mud relief outlet 9; Water-in 10 is located at the two side that anoxic digests unit 2 respectively with water outlet 11, and said water outlet 11 connects red stone filtering unit 3 and water port 13 successively.
2. by the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 1 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: said positive and negative electrode 6 links to each other with external source low-voltage dc power supply 7.
3. by the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 2 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: the voltage of said external source low-voltage dc power supply 7 is 0.4-1.0V.
4. by the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 1 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: said anoxic digestion 2 tops, unit are provided with venting port 12.
5. by the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 1 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: said anaerobic digestion unit 1 is 5 with the volume ratio of anoxic digestion unit 2: 1-10: 1.
6. by the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 1 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: anion-cation exchange resin loads in mixture the 1-5% that post 4 accounts for the anaerobic digestion unit volume.
7. by the treatment unit of claim 1 or 6 described municipal sludge high density anaerobic digestions, it is characterized in that: said anion-cation exchange resin loads in mixture the mass ratio 3 of the anion-cation exchange resin in the post 4: 1-1: 3.
8. by the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 1 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: said mud admission port 8 and mud relief outlet 9 lay respectively at the both sides of anaerobic digestion unit 1 axial cross section, and mud relief outlet 9 is higher than mud admission port 8.
9. the method for use of the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 1 anaerobic digestion; It is characterized in that: in the anaerobic digestion unit, add pending mud; Utilize in the anaerobic digestion unit anion-cation exchange resin to load in mixture and add recycled anion-cation exchange resin in the post; Be aided with anoxic digestion unit; And between anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digestion unit, applying low-voltage dc voltage, the inner acidic meta-bolites accumulation of reduction anaerobic digestion unit improves the system stability of municipal sludge high density anaerobic digestion.
10. by the method for use of the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 10 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: saidly between anaerobic digestion unit and anoxic digestion unit, separate with fixed separation diffusion layer; Fill the silica sand of particle diameter 5-10mm in the diffusion layer.
11. press the method for use of the treatment unit of the described municipal sludge high density of claim 10 anaerobic digestion, it is characterized in that: the pH in the said anoxic digestion unit is controlled between the 5-10 through adding nitric acid.
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