CN104803546A - Technology for reducing and recycling treatment of sludge of sewage treatment plant - Google Patents
Technology for reducing and recycling treatment of sludge of sewage treatment plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A technology for reducing and recycling treatment of sludge of a sewage treatment plant comprises steps as follows: sewage is treated with an air-floatation method, pretreated sewage and primary sludge are produced, the pretreated sewage is drained after biochemical treatment, treatment by a secondary sedimentation tank and disinfection treatment, excess sludge is separated in the secondary sedimentation tank, the primary sludge and the excess sludge are concentrated, and concentrated sludge and a supernate are separated out; the concentrated sludge has an anaerobic digestion reaction, digested sludge is subjected to incineration or landfill treatment after dehydration and drying treatment, a filtrate is produced during dehydration of the digested sludge, and biogas is subjected to power generation and/or heat recovery treatment after dehydration and desulfurization treatment; the supernate and the filtrate are mixed for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. With the adoption of the technology, the primary sedimentation effect of the sewage is improved, the yield of the primary sludge is increased, the primary sludge is removed before biochemical treatment, the yield of the excess sludge is decreased from the source, the primary sludge and the excess sludge are subjected to anaerobic digestion treatment, the higher organic matter transformation rate and the higher biogas yield can be obtained, and the sludge can be reduced and recycled.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage treatment technology field, be specifically related to a kind of sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing, recycling treatment process.
Background technology
Sewage treatment plant residual mud is the by product in sewage treatment process, and in sewage, the pollutent of general 50% has been transferred in mud.Dispose if sludge of sewage treatment plant can not get process appropriate in time, direct outward transport, directly agricultural or any stacking and nonstandard landfill, pollutent may enter soil, surface water body and ground water regime and cause secondary pollution, thus has a strong impact on the actual effect of water pollution control.Therefore appropriate treatment and disposal be must carry out to mud, innoxious, stabilization, minimizing accomplished.
The sewage treatment plant sludge harmless be generally used at present, stabilization, minimizing treatment process route are treated to master later, namely the mud produced in the end of sewage treatment process is to sewage treatment process processes, main treatment technology comprises the anaerobic digestion, drying and incineration etc. of mud, and sludge ultimate disposal technology is filled up and utilized with building materials.Sludge of sewage treatment plant aftertreatment disposing technique route common at present as shown in fig. 1.Wherein anaerobic sludge digestion technology both can reach the processing intent of sewage sludge harmlessness, stabilization, minimizing, the biomass energy in mud can be reclaimed with the form of biogas simultaneously, thus realize the recycling treatment of mud, and treating processes energy consumption low (relative to aerobic treatment), almost there is no secondary pollution, therefore, anaerobic digestion is generally acknowledged most economical effective sludge disposal technology.This technology obtains America and Europe and generally applies, and in China, application is less.
Sludge of sewage treatment plant, based on excess sludge (Biochemical method sewage produce biochemical sludge), for the sewage work being provided with preliminary sedimentation tank, also comprises primary sludge (mud that preliminary sedimentation tank produces).Primary sludge is made up of the suspended solids thing in sewage and partial solubility organic pollutant, and its prime cost is animals and plants organism remains.Biomass in excess sludge are based on microorganism cells, and the stability of microorganism cells structure determines it and is difficult to biological degradation.Compared with excess sludge, primary sludge organic content is higher, the content of primary sludge volatile organic is 60 ~ 70%, and excess sludge only has about 50%, the primary sludge comparatively easier biological degradation of excess sludge simultaneously, the organic matter transformation rate of primary sludge anaerobic digestion is higher than 50%, and the biogas yield of unit organic matter is 900mL/gVSre, and the organic matter transformation rate of excess sludge anaerobic digestion is generally 30%, biogas yield is 400 ~ 500 mL/gVSre.
Therefore, anaerobic sludge digestion process there is organic transformation efficiency and biogas yield lower, or the longer process allocation scale that causes of sludge retention time is comparatively large, invests a more high difficult problem, for the practical situation that China's mud organic content is lower, these problems are more outstanding.This have impact on the promotion and application of anaerobic sludge digestion technology in China to a great extent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing, recycling treatment process, this technique is by the first heavy effect of enhanced sewage, improve the output of primary sludge, remove before primary sludge being entered biochemical treatment unit, the output of excess sludge is decreased from source, primary sludge and excess sludge are carried out Anaerobic Digestion, higher organic matter transformation rate and biogas yield can be obtained, and minimizing and the resource utilization of mud can be realized.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing, recycling treatment process, comprise the following steps:
(1) after sewage work's sewage being carried out pre-treatment, method of pressed dissolved-air release process is adopted under the effect of flocculation agent, produce pretreating sewage and primary sludge, by pretreating sewage through biochemical treatment, second pond and qualified discharge after disinfecting, be separated in second pond and have excess sludge, primary sludge and excess sludge are mixed to form mixing sludge, mixing sludge is carried out concentration, isolate thickened sludge and supernatant liquor;
(2) thickened sludge is carried out mesophilic anaerobic digestion reaction, produce digested sludge and biogas, digested sludge is burned or landfill disposal after dehydration, drying and other treatment, and producing during digested sludge dehydration has filtrate, biogas, after the desulfurization process that dewaters, carries out generating electricity and/or recovery of heat process;
(3) by the filtrate mixing in the supernatant liquor in step (1) and step (2), adopt struvite precipitator method denitrogenation dephosphorizing, the effluent recycling after denitrogenation dephosphorizing, to the pre-treatment in step (1), then adopts identical subsequent step to continue process with sewage.
In above-mentioned sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing, recycling treatment process:
Pre-treatment described in step (1) preferably includes sewage through coarse rack, fine fack and aerated grit chamber process.
Flocculation agent described in step (1) is preferably PAM flocculation agent, and its addition is 1 ~ 2mg/L.
After adopting dissolved air flotation process in step (1) under the effect of flocculation agent, the suspended particulate of in decontaminated water 50 ~ 70% can be removed.
The sewage of sewage work is entered after the pre-treatment such as coarse rack, fine fack and aerated grit chamber in step of the present invention (1), again through dissolved air flotation process, when adding flocculation agent, in sewage, most of suspended particulate (SS) and partial solubility organism are removed, and are formed " primary sludge "; Test-results shows, in the process, the suspended particulate (SS) of 50% ~ 70% is removed.Because By Bubble-floating Method eliminates suspended particulate (SS) and the partial solubility organism of in sewage 50% ~ 70%, therefore, the surplus sludge volume that now biochemical wastewater treatment produces will be less than without excess sludge generation during air-flotation process greatly, meanwhile, the energy consumption of biochemical treatment (aerobic treatment) about also will significantly reduce; It is estimated that, this process can reduce by 30 ~ 40% excess sludge productions, reduces by 30 ~ 40% aeration energy consumption.
By high-efficiency dissolued-air By Bubble-floating Method enhanced sewage process just heavy effect in step of the present invention (1), realize the object of excess sludge reduction from source.Improve the output of primary sludge, for subsequent anaerobic digestion process has retained more organic substrates, especially the fat that biogas output is higher, the concentration of fatty acid type organic substrates, thus make anaerobic digester system obtain higher organic substrates transformation efficiency and biogas yield, thus decrease the construction cost of sludge anaerobic digestion system, improve the economy of sludge anaerobic digestion system.In addition, sewage had retained majority of organic pollutants before entering aerobic treatment, reduced the aeration energy consumption of sewage aerobic biochemical treatment.
In addition, air supporting can reduce the quantity of sand and mud in " primary sludge ", significantly reduces the quantity of sand and mud entering anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, runs create good conditions for anaerobic digestion reaction vessel long-term stability.
In step (1), mixing sludge being carried out concentration to the water ratio of mixing sludge is 92 ~ 94%.
The primary sludge that in step of the present invention (1), By Bubble-floating Method produces and the excess sludge that second pond produces form mixing sludge after mixing, after mixing sludge being concentrated into water ratio 92 ~ 94%, carry out Anaerobic Digestion.Here Anaerobic Digestion reactor can be full mixed anaerobic digestion reactor (CSTR).
The digested sludge of anaerobic digestion remnants is sent into device for dehydrating sladge waste and is carried out processed.Dewatered sludge is sent into mud drying device and is carried out drying and other treatment.
When thickened sludge being carried out in step (2) mesophilic anaerobic digestion reaction, temperature of reaction is 33 ~ 37 DEG C, and pH value is 7.0 ~ 7.8.
The energy that the middle biogas of step (2) carries out generating generation comprises for digested sludge drying and other treatment, and the heat that recovery of heat process comprises biogas produces is used for digested sludge drying and other treatment.
The biogas that mixing sludge anaerobic digestion produces is after the desulfurizing and purifying process that dewaters, can carry out generating electricity and/or recovery of heat process, during generating process, can pass in biogas cogeneration units, the electric energy produced is connected to the grid, and the waste heat of recovery flows to mud drying device as the thermal source of sludge drying, or directly passes into methane boiler, produce thermal source, for sludge drying.The final dewatered sludge obtained can be delivered to garbage burning factory and carry out burning disposal or be transported to refuse landfill carrying out landfill stabilization.
The biogas that the present invention produces with anaerobic sludge digestion carries out drying and other treatment to digested sludge for the energy, the maximization of mud decrement can be realized, because present invention process can obtain more biogas than traditional residual anaerobic sludge digestion technique, therefore, when additionally not supplementing the energy, better sludge drying effect can be obtained.
The struvite produced after adopting struvite precipitator method denitrogenation dephosphorizing in step (3) is stand-by as slow-release fertilizer.
Mixing sludge concentrates after digested sludge dehydration produces filtrate mixing in the supernatant liquor of generation and step (2) and adopts struvite precipitator method denitrogenation dephosphorizing in step (1), the NH in this supernatant liquor and filtrate
4+, PO
4 3-mgO or MgCl added with outside
2mg NH is generated in magnesium source
4pO
46H
2o crystallization (struvite, slow-release fertilizer), and removed from above-mentioned sewage by the precipitator method; The effluent recycling of struvite precipitator method denitrification dephosphorization apparatus is to sewage work's preprocessing system.
The main purpose of employing struvite precipitator method denitrogenation dephosphorizing is, because sewage is before entering aerobic treatment, eliminate a considerable amount of organic pollutant in sewage by dissolved air flotation, and wherein majority of organic pollutants biogas will be converted in anaerobic digestion reaction, organic pollutant finally with thickened sludge supernatant liquor and the backflow of digested sludge dehydration filtrate only accounts for a little part, test-results shows that said process eliminates the COD of in sewage 30 ~ 40%, and this process is to NH
4+, PO
4 3-clearance very limited, therefore, if do not carry out effective chemical denitrogenation dephosphorizing process to thickened sludge supernatant liquor and digested sludge dehydration filtrate, may cause the process of saprobia method denitrogenation dephosphorizing can not be up to standard because carbon source is not enough.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention is by the first heavy treatment effect of effective dissolved air flotation treatment technology enhanced sewage process, improve the output of primary sludge, by the physical removal effectively of the some organic pollutants in sewage before sewage enters biochemical treatment, the aeration energy consumption of biochemical wastewater treatment (aerobic) can be saved like this, effectively can reduce again the output of excess sludge in sewage treatment process in source;
(2) the present invention is by dissolved air flotation to sewage turnover just heavy process, can reduce the quantity of sand and mud in " primary sludge ", significantly reduce the quantity of sand and mud entering anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, runs create good conditions for anaerobic digestion reaction vessel long-term stability;
(3) the present invention is by carrying out Anaerobic Digestion to the primary sludge produced after dissolved air flotation process and excess sludge, first heavy process due to strengthening decreases the amount of the organic pollutant entering aerobic treatment process, and add the amount entering anaerobic sludge digestion process primary sludge, thus compared with traditional excess sludge Anaerobic Digestion operational path, present invention process route can obtain higher organic matter transformation rate and biogas yield, can realize better sludge reduction and recycling treatment effect;
(4) biogas that produces with anaerobic sludge digestion of the present invention carries out drying and other treatment to digested sludge for the energy, the maximization of mud decrement can be realized, because present invention process can obtain more biogas than traditional residual anaerobic sludge digestion technique, therefore, when additionally not supplementing the energy, better sludge drying effect can be obtained;
(5) technique of the present invention also combines with sludge drying treatment technology, the biogas utilizing anaerobic sludge digestion to produce is the energy, drying and other treatment is carried out to final digested sludge, can farthest realize sludge reduction treatment effect, and transport and the cost of disposal of sludge ultimate disposal can be greatly reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sludge of sewage treatment plant aftertreatment technology route common at present;
Fig. 2 is sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing in the embodiment of the present invention 1, recycling treatment process block diagram.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing provided by the invention, recycling treatment process, comprise the following steps:
(1) sewage of sewage work is entered after the pre-treatment such as coarse rack, fine fack and aerated grit chamber, enter the efficient Pressurized dissolved gas flotation device of rectangle, when adding PAM flocculation agent (dosage 1mg/L), in sewage, most of suspended particulate (SS) and partial solubility organism are removed, and are formed " primary sludge "; Test-results shows, in the process, the suspended particulate (SS) of 50% ~ 70% is removed, the sewage after the process of high-efficiency dissolued-air air-floating apparatus respectively through biochemical treatment unit (aerobic, A
2o method), second pond and disinfect rear qualified discharge, because air flotation cell eliminates suspended particulate (SS) and the partial solubility organism of in sewage 50% ~ 70%, therefore, the surplus sludge volume that now biochemical wastewater treatment unit produces will be less than without excess sludge generation during air-flotation process greatly, meanwhile, the energy consumption of aerobic treatment unit about also will significantly reduce; It is estimated that, this process can reduce by 30 ~ 40% excess sludge productions, reduces by 30 ~ 40% aeration energy consumption.
(2) " primary sludge " of air-floating apparatus generation and the excess sludge of second pond generation enter sludge thickener respectively, after mixing sludge is concentrated into water ratio about 92%, pumps into anaerobic digestion reaction vessel and carry out Anaerobic Digestion.Here anaerobic digestion reaction vessel is full mixed anaerobic digestion reactor (CSTR).The digested sludge of anaerobic digestion remnants is sent into device for dehydrating sladge waste and is carried out processed.Dewatered sludge is sent into mud drying device and is carried out drying and other treatment.The biogas that mixing sludge anaerobic digestion produces is used through the desulfurizing and purifying process that dewaters, pass into biogas cogeneration units, the electric energy produced is connected to the grid, the waste heat reclaimed flows to mud drying device as the thermal source of sludge drying, and final obtained dewatered sludge can be delivered to garbage burning factory and carry out burning disposal.
(3) sludge thickener produce supernatant liquor and digested sludge dehydration produce filtrate mixing after enter struvite precipitator method denitrification dephosphorization apparatus, the NH in above-mentioned combined sewage
4 +, PO
4 3-mgO or MgCl added with outside
2mg NH is generated in magnesium source
4pO
46H
2o crystallization (struvite, slow-release fertilizer), and removed from above-mentioned sewage by the precipitator method; The effluent recycling of struvite precipitator method denitrification dephosphorization apparatus is to sewage work's pretreatment system.The main purpose of this process is, due in the present invention, sewage is before entering aerobic treatment unit, eliminate a considerable amount of organic pollutant in sewage by high-efficiency dissolued-air air-floating apparatus, and anaerobic digestion reaction vessel just wherein major part be converted into biogas, organic pollutant finally with concentration basin supernatant liquor and sludge dewatering filtrate backflow only accounts for a little part, and test-results shows that said process eliminates the COD of in sewage 30 ~ 40%, and this process is to NH
4 +, PO
4 3-clearance very limited, therefore, if do not carry out effective chemical denitrogenation dephosphorizing process to concentration basin supernatant liquor and sludge dewatering filtrate, may cause the process of saprobia method denitrogenation dephosphorizing can not be up to standard because carbon source is not enough.
embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing provided by the invention, recycling treatment process, comprise the following steps:
(1) sewage of sewage work is entered after the pre-treatment such as coarse rack, fine fack and aerated grit chamber, enter shallow-layer high-efficiency dissolued-air air-floating apparatus, when adding PAM flocculation agent (dosage 2mg/L), in sewage, most of suspended particulate (SS) and partial solubility organism are removed, and are formed " primary sludge ", test-results shows, in the process, the suspended particulate (SS) of 50% ~ 70% is removed, sewage after the process of high-efficiency dissolued-air air-floating apparatus is (aerobic through biochemical treatment unit respectively, CASS method), second pond and disinfect rear qualified discharge, because air flotation cell eliminates suspended particulate (SS) and the partial solubility organism of in sewage 50% ~ 70%, therefore, the surplus sludge volume that now biochemical wastewater treatment unit produces will be less than without excess sludge generation during air-flotation process greatly, simultaneously, the energy consumption of aerobic treatment unit about also will significantly reduce, it is estimated that, this process can reduce by 30 ~ 40% excess sludge productions, reduces by 30 ~ 40% aeration energy consumption.
(2) " primary sludge " of air-floating apparatus generation and the excess sludge of second pond generation enter sludge thickener respectively, after mixing sludge is concentrated into water ratio about 94%, pumps into anaerobic digestion reaction vessel and carry out Anaerobic Digestion.Here anaerobic digestion reaction vessel is full mixed anaerobic digestion reactor (CSTR).The digested sludge of anaerobic digestion remnants is sent into device for dehydrating sladge waste and is carried out processed.Dewatered sludge is sent into mud drying device and is carried out drying and other treatment.The biogas that mixing sludge anaerobic digestion produces is used through the desulfurizing and purifying process that dewaters, pass into biogas cogeneration units, the electric energy produced is connected to the grid, the waste heat reclaimed flows to mud drying device as the thermal source of sludge drying, and final obtained dewatered sludge can be delivered to garbage burning factory and carry out burning disposal.
(3) sludge thickener produce supernatant liquor and digested sludge dehydration produce filtrate mixing after enter struvite precipitator method denitrification dephosphorization apparatus, the NH in above-mentioned combined sewage
4 +, PO
4 3-mgO or MgCl added with outside
2mg NH is generated in magnesium source
4pO
46H
2o crystallization (struvite, slow-release fertilizer), and removed from above-mentioned sewage by the precipitator method; The effluent recycling of struvite precipitator method denitrification dephosphorization apparatus is to sewage work's pretreatment system.The main purpose of this process is, due in the present invention, sewage is before entering aerobic treatment unit, eliminate a considerable amount of organic pollutant in sewage by high-efficiency dissolued-air air-floating apparatus, and anaerobic digestion reaction vessel just wherein major part be converted into biogas, organic pollutant finally with concentration basin supernatant liquor and sludge dewatering filtrate backflow only accounts for a little part, and test-results shows that said process eliminates the COD of in sewage 30 ~ 40%, and this process is to NH
4 +, PO
4 3-clearance very limited, therefore, if do not carry out effective chemical denitrogenation dephosphorizing process to concentration basin supernatant liquor and sludge dewatering filtrate, may cause the process of saprobia method denitrogenation dephosphorizing can not be up to standard because carbon source is not enough.
embodiment 3
As different from Example 1, the biogas that in step (2), mixing sludge anaerobic digestion produces, after the desulfurizing and purifying process that dewaters, directly passes into methane boiler, produces thermal source, for sludge drying.The final dewatered sludge obtained is transported to refuse landfill and carries out landfill stabilization.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments.Change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing, a recycling treatment process, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) after sewage work's sewage being carried out pre-treatment, method of pressed dissolved-air release process is adopted under the effect of flocculation agent, produce pretreating sewage and primary sludge, by pretreating sewage through biochemical treatment, second pond and qualified discharge after disinfecting, be separated in second pond and have excess sludge, primary sludge and excess sludge are mixed to form mixing sludge, mixing sludge is carried out concentration, isolate thickened sludge and supernatant liquor;
(2) thickened sludge is carried out mesophilic anaerobic digestion reaction, produce digested sludge and biogas, digested sludge is burned or landfill disposal after dehydration, drying and other treatment, and producing during digested sludge dehydration has filtrate, biogas, after the desulfurization process that dewaters, carries out generating electricity and/or recovery of heat process;
(3) by the filtrate mixing in the supernatant liquor in step (1) and step (2), adopt struvite precipitator method denitrogenation dephosphorizing, the effluent recycling after denitrogenation dephosphorizing, to the pre-treatment in step (1), then adopts identical subsequent step to continue process with sewage.
2. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing according to claim 1, recycling treatment process, is characterized in that: the pre-treatment described in step (1) comprises sewage through coarse rack, fine fack and aerated grit chamber process.
3. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing according to claim 1, recycling treatment process, is characterized in that: the flocculation agent described in step (1) is PAM flocculation agent, and its addition is 1 ~ 2mg/L.
4. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing according to claim 1, recycling treatment process, is characterized in that: after adopting method of pressed dissolved-air release process in step (1) under the effect of flocculation agent, can remove the suspended particulate of in decontaminated water 50 ~ 70%.
5. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing according to claim 1, recycling treatment process, is characterized in that: in step (1), mixing sludge being carried out concentration to the water ratio of mixing sludge is 92 ~ 94%.
6. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing according to claim 1, recycling treatment process, is characterized in that: when thickened sludge being carried out in step (2) mesophilic anaerobic digestion reaction, temperature of reaction is 33 ~ 37 DEG C, and pH value is 7.0 ~ 7.8.
7. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing according to claim 1, recycling treatment process, it is characterized in that: the energy that the middle biogas of step (2) carries out generating generation comprises for digested sludge drying and other treatment, and the heat that recovery of heat process comprises biogas produces is used for digested sludge drying and other treatment.
8. sludge of sewage treatment plant minimizing according to claim 1, recycling treatment process, is characterized in that: the struvite produced after adopting struvite precipitator method denitrogenation dephosphorizing in step (3) is stand-by as slow-release fertilizer.
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| CN113354242A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-09-07 | 曲阜中联水泥有限公司 | Sludge treatment system and treatment method |
| CN113912255A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-11 | 烟台清泉实业有限公司 | Sludge semi-drying treatment system and treatment method |
| CN113912255B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-02 | 烟台清泉实业有限公司 | Sludge semi-drying treatment system and treatment method |
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| CN115448495A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-12-09 | 清华大学 | Method for improving sewage resource utilization through membrane concentration |
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