CN102513708B - Active type integrating device of micro-pore monitoring and seam tracking in short-wavelength laser welding - Google Patents
Active type integrating device of micro-pore monitoring and seam tracking in short-wavelength laser welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN102513708B CN102513708B CN201110382357.7A CN201110382357A CN102513708B CN 102513708 B CN102513708 B CN 102513708B CN 201110382357 A CN201110382357 A CN 201110382357A CN 102513708 B CN102513708 B CN 102513708B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active type integrating device of micro-pore monitoring and seam tracking in short-wavelength laser welding, and the device is used for realizing that the seam tracking before welding and the online monitoring of micro-pores in a welding process are synchronously carried out. The active type integrating device disclosed by the invention comprises a laser head, an auxiliary light source irradiation device and a coaxial optical lens assembly, wherein the laser head is located above a workpiece; the auxiliary light source irradiation device is located at one side of the laser head; laser beams transmitted by an optical fiber sequentially pass through a lens A, a spectroscope and a lens B which are arranged in the laser head and irradiate on the workpiece; and the coaxial optical lens assembly is arranged at one side of the laser head, is coaxial with the laser head, and is used for observing the welding state of the workpiece. By using an LED (Light-Emitting Diode) point light source mounted on the laser head to irradiate at a high angle, the active type integrating device disclosed by the invention can be used for clearly shooting a welded micro-pore continuous image and capturing and tracking a seam in an area to be welded by means of coaxially shooting the area to be welded. Therefore, the seam tracking and online monitoring of welded micro-pores are carried out synchronously. Furthermore, the active type integrating device has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, convenience for installation and easiness in operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the integrating device of weld joint tracking before the monitoring of weld keyhole coaxial vision in a kind of short wavelength laser welding process and weldering, be specially a kind of realize aperture in short wavelength laser welding process on-line monitoring and the integrating device that simultaneously meets of weld joint tracking.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of China's automobile industry, laser welding technology have also been obtained and fully demonstrates, but due to laser beam welding relative complex, welding quality can not be guaranteed.Find after deliberation to occur that the degree of depth of aperture and weld penetration have certain relation in Laser Deep Penetration Welding termination process, therefore, the monitoring utilizing the aperture relevant information in monitoring laser beam welding to realize welding quality causes the attention of numerous scholars.
The monitoring validity of on-line monitoring as plasma monitoring, hole shape at present for CO2, YAG laser weld has obtained sufficient confirmation.Within 1997, cooperated by German Fu Langhefei laser technology research institute (Fraunhofer Institute of Laser Technique) and Canadian University of Waterloo (CA) Waterloo, Ontario, N2L3GI Canada (University of Waterloo), ccd video camera is adopted to monitor welding process first, Germany Joerg professor Beerisek utilizes cmos camera to carry out online study to the unstability of aperture in laser beam welding, utilizes observation aperture image information to establish the image in molten bath and the relation of laser weld penetration signal; Tsing-Hua University Chen Wu post etc. is furtherd investigate the coaxial monitoring of the medium and small hole pattern picture of CO2 laser beam welding, and utilizes the feature of aperture gradation of image and fusion penetration to establish to contact; The state of Qin of Harbin Institute of Technology beam etc. establishes the relation of hole shape and various welding parameter in YAG laser beam welding, and by utilizing algorithmic derivation to go out the degree of depth of aperture after on-line monitoring aperture flat shape, defines the research to aperture three-dimensional configuration; The bright high-speed camera of people to optical-fiber laser welding pool and aperture that wait of Central China University of Science and Technology Wang Chun has done initial analysis, but owing to not being coaxially take aperture, so the shape of the aperture photographed has distortion, in welding process, adopt high-speed camera shooting crater image, but do not relate to the relation of the mass parameters such as fusion penetration and weld pool geometry; Beersiek adopts coaxial dielectric-barrier discharge device to have taken crater image, and by the intensity profile process to vertical welding direction, obtain the characteristic informations such as pool width, the qualitative analysis corresponding relation of pool width and fusion penetration, but do not provide the quantitative relationship between them.
Weld joint tracking research aspect is quite ripe, mostly utilize auxiliary laser light source to irradiate weld seam to be welded, CCD or CMOS camera shooting weld image, image is imported into computer through acquisition system, utilize the weld seam in the region to be welded of shooting, focal position of laser can be adjusted to Weld pipe mill by system automatically.Whole system complex structure, install inconvenience, and cost is higher.
And the device that aperture on-line monitoring and weld joint tracking are integrated in one still do not related in existing document based on secondary light source, and only passive type hole shape or gray scale to be monitored, and weld tracker is separated study separately.
Domestic and international at present following methods is mainly contained to Laser Welding Quality monitoring and weld joint tracking: publication number is utilize the keyhole effect welded condition occurred during laser weld in the method for real-time of welding quality " in the continuous laser welding process " patent of CN1072365, the metallic atom of a large amount of evaporation produces the characteristic light, the acoustical signal that excite, ionize the gas ions of formation to send under the effect of free electron cascading, to measuring of optical, electrical, sound.Realize using up by optical, electrical sub-circuit, acoustical signal associating Real-Time Monitoring Laser Welding Quality.Publication number is adopt first within the laser weld incipient stability stage in " a kind of stability real-time monitoring method during laser beam welding " patent of CN101391344, gather the infrared signal in molten bath, the heat radiation equivalent obtaining molten bath is analyzed to it, calculate the mean value of molten bath heat radiation equivalent, calculate rad equivalent deviation again, then molten bath stability range is determined, the infrared signal in molten bath is periodically gathered in the follow-up welding process of laser, calculate the mean value of molten bath heat radiation equivalent within the single cycle, it is compared with molten bath stability range, to judge weld pool stability.Publication number is propose the device that a kind of three-dimensional laser processing process coaxially gathers the real-time quality monitoring of infrared band and plasma resonance optical signal in " real-time monitoring device of three-dimensional laser welding and cutting process " patent of CN101081459.Publication number is propose in " a kind of laser weld seam tracking device and control method thereof " patent of CN101961819A to be arranged and control unit parameters by upper-layer parameters; Collection weld image carries out process and obtains weld image data; By weld image data buffer storage, demarcation, determine welding gun side-play amount; Motion controller in motion control unit carries out the filtering of pursuit path, matching and trajectory planning, and result gives kinematic axis driver to realize laser weld seam tracking device and control thereof.Publication number is propose in " a kind of make the equipment of robot track given route at high accuracy and method " patent of CN101623867 a kind ofly to fully utilize coaxial dielectric-barrier discharge system and position while welding measures sensor-based system to carry out robot processing system and the path following method of path trace and deviation compensation, for high accuracy processing such as laser weld.Sound, optical, electrical three kinds of sensors are arranged on laser head and are used for monitoring Laser Welding Quality in the plumb joint that external precitec company produces, cost is high, installs complicated; Prometec company utilizes passive type coaxial monitoring mode to monitor laser weld pools image, and the image information extracting welding pool judges the quality of welding quality, but above method or product are all molten bath, and monitoring is carried out respectively with weld joint tracking, this makes equipment needed thereby complicated, install inconvenience, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring and weld joint tracking integrating device, this integrating device adopts LED point light source as secondary light source, weld joint tracking and aperture can be realized monitor and carry out simultaneously, the image of weld seam and weld keyhole can be photographed clearly, for realize Laser Welding Quality monitoring and weld joint tracking integration lay the groundwork.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring and weld joint tracking integrating device, comprise the laser head be positioned at above workpiece, be positioned at the secondary light source irradiation unit of laser head side, its design feature is, by the laser beam of Optical Fiber Transmission successively through the lens A be arranged in described laser head, spectroscope, lens B, and be radiated on workpiece, the axis optical lens assembly coaxially observing workpiece welded condition with laser head is provided with in described laser head side.
Described axis optical lens assembly comprises axis optical camera lens, in this axis optical camera lens, light damping plate, optical filter, lens D, reflective mirror is housed from top to bottom successively, is provided with lens C between this reflective mirror and described spectroscope.
Described axis optical lens assembly is connected with an imaging system.Further, described imaging system preferably includes CCD or CMOS camera.
Described secondary light source irradiation unit comprises spot light, concentrator, and described spot light is connected with spot light controller.
In order to ensure the radiation response of secondary light source, described spot light is preferably the green LED spot light that wavelength is 522nm ~ 542nm.
Described secondary light source irradiation unit is contained in light source mounting and adjusting support, and this light source mounting and adjusting support is fixed on laser head.
The structure of described secondary light source irradiation unit is, comprise the spot light fixed support be contained on laser head, be contained in the spot light adjusting pole on spot light fixed support, described spot light is contained on this spot light adjusting pole, and the angle α between the incident direction of spot light and horizontal plane is 20 ° ~ 75 °.
Nationality is by said structure, the present invention proposes to irradiate pad by additional secondary light source, improve the definition of CCD or CMOS cameras capture aperture image, the weld seam in region to be welded also can illuminate by point of irradiation, make CCD or CMOS cameras capture to weld seam, accomplish weld joint tracking, and devise a set of filter system and light source hue angle positioner, to filter the interference of other radiating light sources such as plasma and to shoot aperture image clearly by adjustment light source radiating angle, thus realize the on-line monitoring of aperture and synchronously carrying out of weld joint tracking, package unit is installed simple, cost is low.
The invention will be further described below.
Active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring of the present invention and weld joint tracking integrating device, comprise as lower device:
1) secondary light source irradiation unit, comprises green LED spot light, concentrator and brightness adjusting switch that centre wavelength is 532nm;
2) light source installation adjusting device, comprise that light source is fixed, high and low position adjustment, irradiate the irradiating angle Dispatching adjustment of welding region, this angle adjustment can realize high angle and low angle throws light on;
3) imaging system, comprises CCD or CMOS camera filming apparatus;
4) axis optical lens assembly, comprises the reflective mirror of camera lens inside, light damping plate, optical filter, and lens focus regulates, aperture size regulates;
5) data acquisition unit, comprises kilomega network interface data capture card, computer;
6) mechanical fastening system, comprises secondary light source irradiation unit, light source installation adjusting device, imaging system, axis optical lens assembly is fixed on holding screw in laser welding system.
Described secondary light source irradiation unit comprises head concentrator being enclosed within LED point light source, light-source brightness adjustment switch is connected with spot light, by the spot diameter of adjustment concentrator focus adjustable integral point light source, the output brightness that spot light controller can realize light source regulates;
Described light source installation adjusting device comprises and is fixed on laser head by holding screw by adjusting pole, by the manual bolts on adjustment adjusting pole, the height that can realize LED point light source regulates and regulates the irradiating angle of welding region, and scope is 20 ° ~ 75 °;
Described imaging system is connected with CCD or CMOS camera by C type interface with described axis optical camera lens, focal position can be regulated with the focusing nut on lens shaft, to photograph image clearly, spectroscope in laser head with the lens C in lens shaft, reflective mirror by light reflection to the direction with CCD or CMOS camera conllinear, then by the optical filtering of filter plate and light damping plate and dim light effect by the image projection of welding region on CCD or CMOS camera;
Described data acquisition unit is installed on computer by data collecting card, and camera is connected by kilomega network interface with data collecting card, and the online data collected to be sent on computer and to store.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts LED point light source as secondary light source, by the design of coaxial lens assembly, achieve weld joint tracking and aperture to monitor and carry out simultaneously, and the image of weld seam and weld keyhole can be photographed clearly, for realize Laser Welding Quality monitoring and weld joint tracking integration lay the groundwork, and this integrating device cost is low, structure is simple, easy for installation, be easy to operation.
Below by way of drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of light source mounting and adjusting support of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is coaxial lens construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is laser beam of the present invention transmission schematic diagram.
In the drawings:
1, optical fiber; 2, laser beam; 3, lens A; 4, spectroscope; 5, lens B;
6, laser head; 7, concentrator; 8, spot light; 9, spot light adjusting pole;
10, spot light fixed support; 11, same to lens shaft; 11-1, lens C;
11-2, reflective mirror; 11-3, lens D; 11-4, optical filter; 11-5, light damping plate;
11-6, coaxial lens focus adjusting nut; 12, CCD or CMOS camera;
13, spot light controller; Angle between the incident direction of α-spot light and horizontal plane.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring and weld joint tracking integrating device, as shown in Figure 1, first lens C11-1, reflective mirror 11-2, lens D11-3, optical filter 11-4, light damping plate 11-5 are arranged in same lens shaft according to Fig. 4 light path arrangement figure, after being connected with same lens shaft by C type interface by CCD or CMOS camera 12, are arranged on laser head 6 side by holding screw; Spot light fixed support 10 is arranged on laser head 6 side by holding screw, after concentrator 7 being enclosed within spot light 8 head, manually screw is arranged on spot light adjusting pole 9, and spot light adjusting pole 9 manually bolt is connected with spot light fixed support 10; The brightness first by spot light controller 13, spot light 8 being exported before welding satisfies the demands, as shown in Figure 2, by adjustment spot light adjusting pole 9, the height of spot light 8 and irradiating angle are satisfied the demands, the spot diameter of the focus controlling spot light 8 of adjustment concentrator 7; Open CCD or CMOS camera 12 by conputer controlled, by regulating coaxial lens focus adjustment screw 11-7 to change lens focus, the clear picture that CCD or CMOS camera is taken meets the demands; The light of welding region reflexed in the same lens shaft 11 with its conllinear by the spectroscope 4 being arranged on laser head 6 inside in welding process, as shown in Figure 4, light is successively through entering CCD or CMOS camera again with the lens C11-1 in lens shaft 11, reflective mirror 11-2, lens D11-3, optical filter 11-4, light damping plate 11-5, the data gathered are stored in computer by data wire through data collecting card, the weld seam photographed and the clear picture of aperture, storage format can be BMP picture, AVI video recording, for next step control is prepared.
The content that above-described embodiment is illustrated should be understood to these embodiments only for being illustrated more clearly in the present invention, and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to the various equivalent form of value of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.
Claims (4)
1. an active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring and weld joint tracking integrating device, comprise the laser head (6) be positioned at above workpiece, be positioned at the secondary light source irradiation unit of laser head (6) side, it is characterized in that, the laser beam (2) transmitted by optical fiber (1) is successively through the lens B(5 be arranged in described laser head (6)), spectroscope (4), lens A(3), and be radiated on workpiece, the coaxial axis optical lens assembly observing workpiece welded condition with laser head (6) is provided with in described laser head (6) side; Described axis optical lens assembly is connected with an imaging system; Described axis optical lens assembly comprises axis optical camera lens (11), light damping plate (11-5), optical filter (11-4), lens D(11-3 are housed in this axis optical camera lens (11) from top to bottom successively), reflective mirror (11-2), between this reflective mirror (11-2) and described spectroscope (4), be provided with lens C(11-1); Described secondary light source irradiation unit comprises spot light (8), concentrator (7), and described spot light (8) is connected with spot light controller (13); Described spot light (8) for wavelength be the green LED spot light of 522nm ~ 542nm.
2. active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring according to claim 1 and weld joint tracking integrating device, it is characterized in that, described imaging system comprises CCD or CMOS camera (12).
3. active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring according to claim 1 and weld joint tracking integrating device, it is characterized in that, described secondary light source irradiation unit is contained in light source mounting and adjusting support, and this light source mounting and adjusting support is fixed on laser head (6).
4. active short wavelength laser weld keyhole monitoring according to claim 3 and weld joint tracking integrating device, it is characterized in that, the structure of described secondary light source irradiation unit is, comprise the spot light fixed support (10) be contained on laser head (6), be contained in the spot light adjusting pole (9) on spot light fixed support (10), described spot light (8) is contained on this spot light adjusting pole (9), and the angle α between the incident direction of spot light (8) and horizontal plane is 20 ° ~ 75 °.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110382357.7A CN102513708B (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2011-11-25 | Active type integrating device of micro-pore monitoring and seam tracking in short-wavelength laser welding |
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| CN201110382357.7A CN102513708B (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2011-11-25 | Active type integrating device of micro-pore monitoring and seam tracking in short-wavelength laser welding |
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| CN102513708A CN102513708A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| CN102513708B true CN102513708B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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