CN102512779B - Dry powder fire extinguishing agent - Google Patents
Dry powder fire extinguishing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN102512779B CN102512779B CN201110378093.8A CN201110378093A CN102512779B CN 102512779 B CN102512779 B CN 102512779B CN 201110378093 A CN201110378093 A CN 201110378093A CN 102512779 B CN102512779 B CN 102512779B
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Abstract
The invention provides a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, which belongs to the field of fire extinguishing agents. The dry powder fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60 percent-92 percent of inorganic salt containing crystal water, 3 percent-15 percent of calcium carbonate, 3 percent-8 percent of moisture proof agent, 1 percent-9 percent of talcum powder, and 1 percent-8 percent of atlapulgite. In a fire disaster, when the temperature is higher than a melting point of the inorganic salt, the inorganic salt containing the crystal water in the dry powder fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention is melted, the crystal water is released, various raw materials are adhered together to form an adhesive material in a molten state, and the adhesive material is attached to the surface of a comburent without being dropped; after the crystal water is evaporated, the adhesive material in the molten state forms a ceramic type shell in a solid state which is used for separating the comburent from air, so that the functions of stifling flame and stopping burning are achieved; and simultaneously, evaporation of the crystal water resolved through heat absorption has a function of cooling. Therefore, the dry powder fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention has favorable extinguishment or inflaming retarding effect for a stereo type combustion fire disaster.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to extinguishing chemical field, relate in particular to a kind of powder extinguishing agent.
Background technology
Fire is divided into ABCDE five classes conventionally, and wherein category-A refers to solid matter fire, and category-B refers to liquid or liquefiable solid matter fire, and C class refers to gas fire, and D class refers to metal fire, and E class refers to charged fire, i.e. the charged burning fire calamity of object.Therefore different according to the character of all kinds of fire and feature, need to select dissimilar extinguishing chemical.
Powder extinguishing agent is a kind of conventional extinguishing chemical, has the features such as dry, easy mobile, good moisture resistance and anti-caking, is widely used in oil field, oil depot, oil plant, chemical plant, chemical industry warehouse, boats and ships, airport and industrial and mining enterprises.The powder extinguishing agent using at present is mainly divided into 3 classes: the first kind be take sodium chloride, potassium chloride or barium chloride as main material, can also comprise organic matter etc., is mainly used in D class fire.Dry sodium chloride, potassium chloride or barium chloride heat conductivility are poor, can absorb burning metal surface heat and anchor at metal surface, organic matter in while dry powder etc. is decomposed by the high temperature action of metal surface, metal surface in burning together with chloride forms cover layer, metal and air is isolated, play fire extinguishing function.
Equations of The Second Kind is multipurpose powder extinguishing agent, claims again ABC powder extinguishing agent, and the ammonium phosphate salt material of take is main material, can contain ammonium sulfide or ammonium phosphate composition, and such powder extinguishing agent can be used for ABCE class fire.Ammonium phosphate salt endothermic decomposition in burning goes out ammonia and phosphoric acid, and the OH radical reaction producing during free ammonia wherein can react with flame combustion reduces and stop combustion reaction producing free radical, reduces combustion rate, plays the effect of fire extinguishing.In addition, under high temperature, ammonium phosphate salt decomposes, and can generate one deck vitreous film in solid matter surface, is covered in comburant surface, and cooling rear formation fragility covering completely cuts off burning surface and air, when covering reaches certain thickness, can stop resume combustion.
The 3rd class is common powder extinguishing agent, claims again BC powder extinguishing agent, take sodium acid carbonate or saleratus as main material, and such powder extinguishing agent can only be for BCE class fire; Mainly utilize the bicarbonate in dry powder decomposed by high temperature action, discharge a large amount of carbon dioxide and water, play the effect of certain cooling and dilution fuel gas.
Conventionally there are various complex situations in scene of fire, not only has plane fire, also has stereo burning type fire, and the generation of stereo burning type fire is comparatively general and fire extinguishing difficulty is large.When existing powder extinguishing agent powder is used for stereo burning type fire, be difficult for being attached on the three-dimensional surface of burning object, easily come off or disperse by wind-force, fire extinguishing poor effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of powder extinguishing agent, and powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention has good extinguishing property to three-dimensional burning type fire.
The invention provides a kind of powder extinguishing agent, comprising: the inorganic salts containing the crystallization water of 60wt%～92wt%; The calcium carbonate of 3wt%～15wt%; The anti-blushing agent of 3wt%～8wt%; The talcum powder of 1wt%～9wt%; The atlapulgite of 1wt%～8wt%.
Preferably, the fusing point of the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water is 64 ℃～380 ℃.
Preferably, the fusing point of the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water is 80 ℃～200 ℃.
Preferably, the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water are zinc sulphate hydrate, one or more in ferrous sulfate hydrate, hydration zinc sulphide, hydration ferrous sulfide and hydrazine aluminum sulfate ammonium.
Preferably, the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water are Zinc vitriol.
Preferably, the inorganic salts containing the crystallization water that comprise 70wt%～90wt%.
Preferably, the calcium carbonate that comprises 5wt%～10wt%.
Preferably, the described inorganic salts particle diameter containing the crystallization water is less than 0.5mm.
Preferably, described calcium carbonate particle diameter is less than 0.5mm.
Preferably, described anti-blushing agent is silica gel or stearate.
Compared with prior art, powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises inorganic salts, calcium carbonate, anti-blushing agent, talcum powder and the atlapulgite containing the crystallization water.When powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention is sprayed on behind comburant surface, inorganic salts fusings, the crystallization water wherein discharges, and various raw materials is bonded together, forms to the adhesive of molten state, is attached to comburant surface and can not comes off; After crystallization water evaporation, the adhesive of molten state forms the housing of solid-state ceramic shape, and comburant and air is isolated, plays the effect of suffocate flame and prevention burning.Meanwhile, the crystallization water evaporation that endothermic decomposition goes out also has the effect cooling.Because powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention can be attached to comburant surface, can not come off, therefore three-dimensional burning type fire be had to good fire extinguishing or flame retardant effect.
The specific embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these are described is for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting to the claimed invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of powder extinguishing agent, comprising: the inorganic salts containing the crystallization water of 60wt%～92wt%; The calcium carbonate of 3wt%～15wt%; The anti-blushing agent of 3wt%～8wt%; The talcum powder of 1wt%～9wt%; The atlapulgite of 1wt%～8wt%.
Powder extinguishing agent of the present invention comprises the inorganic salts containing the crystallization water, and the described inorganic salts fusing point containing the crystallization water is lower, and its fusing point is preferably 64 ℃～380 ℃, more preferably 80 ℃～200 ℃.Described low melting point is fire extinguishing component containing the inorganic salts of the crystallization water, is the core of extinguishing chemical.Described low melting point contains the inorganic salts of the crystallization water in the situation of being heated, and melts and discharge the crystallization water, and the crystallization water of release can be bonded together the various raw materials of extinguishing chemical, and crystallization water evaporation also has certain effect of cooling.Described low melting point can be single a kind of inorganic salts containing the crystallization water containing the inorganic salts of the crystallization water, also can be the mixture of the multiple inorganic salts containing the crystallization water, include but not limited to zinc sulphate hydrate, ferrous sulfate hydrate, hydration zinc sulphide, hydrazine aluminum sulfate ammonium, hydration sodium sulphate, hydration basic magnesium carbonate, hydration calcium chloride, hydrazine aluminum sulfate, hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium, or hydration chromium chloride etc., be preferably zinc sulphate hydrate, ferrous sulfate hydrate, hydration zinc sulphide, one or more in hydration ferrous sulfide and hydrazine aluminum sulfate ammonium, Zinc vitriol more preferably.
Described low melting point contains the inorganic salts of the crystallization water as the fire extinguishing component of powder extinguishing agent of the present invention, be the core substance that plays fire extinguishing function, the higher extinguishing property of content is better, and its content is 60wt%～92wt%, be preferably 70wt%～90wt%, more preferably 75wt%～85wt%.
In order to make the extinguishing property of described powder extinguishing agent better, the particle diameter of the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water is preferably and is less than 0.5mm.
In the present invention, described calcium carbonate is a kind of important auxiliary material of powder extinguishing agent of the present invention, when described calcium carbonate runs into after the crystallization water discharging containing the inorganic salts of the crystallization water, adhesive with other raw material bonding formation molten states, be attached to comburant surface, the final housing that forms ceramic-like, thus play fire extinguishing and fire-retardant effect; Under high-temperature condition, described calcium carbonate can release of carbon dioxide, thereby plays the effect of certain dilution fuel gas, improves fire extinguishing effect; Described calcium carbonate also has moisture effect in addition, is conducive to the protection against the tide of extinguishing chemical.The content of described calcium carbonate is 3wt%～15wt%, is preferably 5wt%～10wt%.In order to make the extinguishing property of described powder extinguishing agent better, the particle diameter of described calcium carbonate is preferably less than 0.25mm.The present invention does not have specific (special) requirements to the source of described calcium carbonate, can be bought and be obtained by market.
In the present invention, described anti-blushing agent works to prevent the powder caking that makes moist, and has the features such as absorption property is high, Heat stability is good, stable chemical nature, is a kind of powder extinguishing agent auxiliary material of necessity; When described anti-blushing agent runs into after the crystallization water discharging containing the inorganic salts of the crystallization water, form the adhesive of molten states with other raw materials bondings, be attached to comburant surface, finally form the housing of ceramic-like, thereby play fire extinguishing and fire-retardant effect.The present invention does not have specific (special) requirements for described anti-blushing agent, is preferably silica gel or stearate, and described stearate is preferably odium stearate or dolomol.In order to make described extinguishing property better, the particle diameter of described anti-blushing agent is preferably and is less than 0.5mm.Those skilled in the art can select according to routine.
In the present invention, described talcum powder and atlapulgite belong to inert filler, when described anti-blushing agent runs into after the crystallization water discharging containing the inorganic salts of the crystallization water, adhesive with other raw material bonding formation molten states, be attached to comburant surface, the final housing that forms ceramic-like, thus play fire extinguishing and fire retardation; In addition, described talcum powder and atlapulgite also have and prevent that powder extinguishing agent caking from going bad, improving the effect of powder extinguishing agent exercise performance, in fire, talcum powder and atlapulgite powder momentum are large, by air, the small-particle of fire extinguishing component is produced to aerodynamic drag, take the small-particle of fire extinguishing component to flame kernel, prevent that small-particle from being taken away by thermal current, thereby guaranteed fire-fighting efficiency.In order to make described extinguishing property better, the particle diameter of described talcum powder and atlapulgite is all preferably more than 0.04mm and is less than 0.5mm.The present invention does not have specific (special) requirements to the source of talcum powder and atlapulgite, can according to routine, be selected by those skilled in the art.
Powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises inorganic salts, calcium carbonate, anti-blushing agent, talcum powder and the atlapulgite containing the crystallization water.When powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention is sprayed on behind comburant surface, inorganic salts melt, the crystallization water wherein discharges, and various raw materials are bonded together to the adhesive that forms molten state, are attached to comburant surface and can not come off; After crystallization water evaporation, the adhesive of molten state forms the housing of solid-state ceramic shape, and comburant and air is isolated, plays the effect of suffocate flame and prevention burning.Meanwhile, the crystallization water evaporation that endothermic decomposition goes out also has the effect cooling.Therefore powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention is applicable to the fire extinguishing of stereo burning type fire or fire-retardant.Because powder extinguishing agent provided by the invention can form the housing of ceramic-like on comburant surface, make air and comburant isolated, so go for the fire extinguishing of all kinds of fire of ABCDE or fire-retardant.
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, to provided by the invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Take respectively 920g Zinc vitriol, 30g calcium carbonate, 30g silica gel, 10g talcum powder and 10g atlapulgite, described various raw materials are crushed to respectively Powdered, powder mix and blend by described various raw materials, mixes it, obtains powder extinguishing agent.
Embodiment 2
Take respectively Zinc vitriol, 750g calcium carbonate, the 400g silica gel of 3000g, talcum powder and the 400g atlapulgite of 450g, described various raw materials are crushed to respectively Powdered, then Zinc vitriol and calcium carbonate powder are respectively to the sieve of 0.5mm with mesh diameter, the particle diameter obtaining is all less than Zinc vitriol powder and the calcium carbonate powder of 0.5mm.Powder mix and blend by described various raw materials, mixes it, obtains powder extinguishing agent.
Embodiment 3
Take respectively 17kg Zinc vitriol, 1kg calcium carbonate, 800g silica gel, 600g talcum powder and 600g atlapulgite, described various raw materials are crushed to respectively Powdered, then the sieve that is 0.25mm with mesh diameter respectively by Zinc vitriol and calcium carbonate powder, the particle diameter obtaining is all less than Zinc vitriol powder and the calcium carbonate powder of 0.25mm.Powder mix and blend by described various raw materials, mixes it, obtains powder extinguishing agent.
Embodiment 4
Take respectively Zinc vitriol, 700g calcium carbonate, 400g silica gel, 500g talcum powder and the 400g atlapulgite of 8000g, described various raw materials are crushed to respectively Powdered, then the sieve that is 0.15mm with mesh diameter respectively by Zinc vitriol and calcium carbonate powder, the particle diameter obtaining is all less than Zinc vitriol powder and the calcium carbonate powder of 0.15mm.Powder mix and blend by described various raw materials, mixes it, obtains powder extinguishing agent.
Embodiment 5
The powder extinguishing agent that embodiment 1 is obtained is sprayed on the copper coin surface of 200 ℃, in described powder extinguishing agent, there is granular fine foam blobs, powder bonding forms the adhesive of molten state, be attached to copper coin surface, the adhesive of molten state becomes the fine and close housing of solid-state ceramic shape subsequently, by air and the isolation of copper coin surface, copper plate temperature declines.
Embodiment 6
The powder extinguishing agent that embodiment 2 is obtained is sprayed on the copper coin surface of 200 ℃, in described powder extinguishing agent, there is granular fine foam blobs, powder bonding forms the adhesive of molten state, be attached to copper coin surface, the adhesive of molten state becomes the fine and close housing of solid-state ceramic shape subsequently, by air and the isolation of copper coin surface, copper plate temperature declines.
Embodiment 7
The powder extinguishing agent that embodiment 3 is obtained is sprayed on the copper coin surface of 200 ℃, the foam blobs that occurs fine particle shape in described powder extinguishing agent, powder bonding forms the adhesive of molten state, be attached to copper coin surface, molten state adhesive becomes the solid-state fine and close housing of ceramic-like subsequently, by air and the isolation of copper coin surface, copper plate temperature declines.
Embodiment 8
The powder extinguishing agent that embodiment 3 is obtained is sprayed on the copper coin surface of 350 ℃, the foam blobs that occurs fine particle shape in described powder extinguishing agent, powder bonding forms the adhesive of molten state, be attached to copper coin surface, the adhesive of molten state becomes the solid-state fine and close housing of ceramic-like subsequently, by air and the isolation of copper coin surface, copper plate temperature declines.
Embodiment 9
The powder extinguishing agent that embodiment 4 is obtained is sprayed on the wood surface that occurs dense smoke but do not take fire, in described powder extinguishing agent, there is granular fine foam blobs, powder bonding forms the adhesive of molten state, be attached to wood surface, the adhesive of molten state becomes the solid-state fine and close housing of ceramic-like subsequently, by air and wood surface isolation, dense smoke tails off gradually, and combustion phenomena does not appear in timber.
Embodiment 10
The powder extinguishing agent that embodiment 3 is obtained is sprayed on foreskin and starts softening but unburned electric wire surface, the powder bonding of described powder extinguishing agent forms the adhesive of molten state, be attached to electric wire surface, adhesive becomes the solid-state fine and close housing of ceramic-like subsequently, by air and the isolation of electric wire surface, there is not the phenomenon of burning in electric wire.
From above-described embodiment, powder extinguishing agent of the present invention can be attached to various high temp objects surface, forms the housing of ceramic-like, makes object and air isolated.Therefore extinguishing chemical of the present invention has good fire extinguishing and flame retardant effect for stereo burning type fire, and extinguishing chemical of the present invention goes for the fire extinguishing of all kinds of fire of ABCDE and fire-retardant.
The explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Above-mentioned explanation to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To the multiple modification of these embodiment, will be apparent for those skilled in the art, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (9)
1. a powder extinguishing agent, comprising:
The inorganic salts containing the crystallization water of 60wt%～92wt%;
The calcium carbonate of 3wt%～15wt%;
The anti-blushing agent of 3wt%～8wt%;
The talcum powder of 1wt%～9wt%;
The atlapulgite of 1wt%～8wt%;
The fusing point of the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water is 64 ℃～380 ℃.
2. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the fusing point of the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water is 80 ℃～200 ℃.
3. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water are one or more in zinc sulphate hydrate, ferrous sulfate hydrate, hydration zinc sulphide, hydration ferrous sulfide and hydrazine aluminum sulfate ammonium.
4. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water are Zinc vitriol.
5. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the inorganic salts containing the crystallization water of 70wt%～90wt%.
6. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the calcium carbonate of 5wt%～10wt%.
7. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of the described inorganic salts containing the crystallization water is less than 0.5mm.
8. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described calcium carbonate is less than 0.5mm.
9. powder extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described anti-blushing agent is silica gel or stearate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110378093.8A CN102512779B (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Dry powder fire extinguishing agent |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110378093.8A CN102512779B (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Dry powder fire extinguishing agent |
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| CN102512779A CN102512779A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| CN102512779B true CN102512779B (en) | 2014-02-05 |
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| CN201110378093.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102512779B (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Dry powder fire extinguishing agent |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103203088A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-17 | 关宏 | Novel ABC dry powder fire-extinguishing agent and its making method |
| CN103751928A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-30 | 浙江欧伦泰防火设备有限公司 | Fire extinguishing bullet |
| CN104069610B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-07-06 | 江西进贤消防化工实业有限公司 | A kind of D class powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105641846A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-06-08 | 江苏联禹智能工程有限公司 | Fire extinguishing agent for fire protection engineering |
| CN106581920A (en) * | 2016-11-05 | 2017-04-26 | 合肥辰泰安全设备有限责任公司 | Dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106955449A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-18 | 王忠良 | Fire-fighting extinguishing chemical containing soil |
| CN107376187A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 吕海党 | A kind of quick-acting fire-fighting powder |
| CN107551444A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-09 | 苏州吴越合成消防科技有限公司 | A kind of powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107823832A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-23 | 蚌埠市龙泰消防有限公司 | A kind of good ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent preparation method of repellency |
| CN111111081A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-08 | 刘大为 | Special fire-fighting remote fire-extinguishing particle and preparation method thereof |
| CN113413569B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-08-16 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114887272A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-12 | 华南理工大学 | Hydrated inorganic salt dry powder extinguishing agent and application thereof in inhibiting thermal runaway propagation of lithium ion battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE4443761A1 (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-13 | Schueco Int Kg | Heat-binding component for indoor and outdoor construction in fire protection design |
| IL118088A0 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-08-04 | Anzon Inc | Colloidal particles of solid flame retardant and smoke suppressant compounds and methods for making them |
| CN1261005A (en) * | 1999-11-26 | 2000-07-26 | 孟庆福 | High-speed efficient fire-extinguishing chemical |
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