CN102512174B - Portable type physical ability consumption and physiological parameter monitoring instrument - Google Patents

Portable type physical ability consumption and physiological parameter monitoring instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102512174B
CN102512174B CN201110368812.8A CN201110368812A CN102512174B CN 102512174 B CN102512174 B CN 102512174B CN 201110368812 A CN201110368812 A CN 201110368812A CN 102512174 B CN102512174 B CN 102512174B
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data
circuit
physiological parameter
monitor
unit
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CN102512174A (en
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焦纯
杨国胜
周智民
霍旭刚
卢虹冰
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Fourth Military Medical University FMMU
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Fourth Military Medical University FMMU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a portable type physical ability consumption and physiological parameter monitoring instrument, which mainly comprises an acceleration sensor, a digital type blood-oxygen module, a signal conditioning unit, a central control unit, a data storage unit, a display and keyboard interface unit, a clock unit, a data communication unit and a power supply unit, wherein the acceleration sensor, the digital type blood-oxygen module and the signal conditioning unit form a forward passage in a system, and the movement data of a human body and the data of the physiological parameter of the human body enter the central control unit by the forward passage. The portable type physical ability consumption and physiological parameter monitoring instrument can be used for finishing the evaluating of moving energy consumption in the movement process and the monitoring and the alarming of an important physiological parameter so as to realize the interfering management of movement, so that the movement efficiency and the safety are enhanced to a larger extent. Meanwhile, the monitoring instrument can also be used for medical monitoring or household nursing, and is an intellectualized instrument which can serve for the management of personal health.

Description

A kind of portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor
Technical field
The invention belongs to medical sanitary apparatus technical field, relate to a kind of energy consumption monitoring instrument, especially relate to a kind of portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor.
Background technology
Since entering 21st century, develop rapidly along with mankind's material progress, people's living standard significantly improves, correspondingly, threaten the disease of human health that great changes have also occurred, by early stage infectious disease to Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases---so-called " modern civilization diseases " or life style disease change, and the disease that these life style cause comprises diabetes, heart disease, apoplexy, hypertension and tumor etc.As poverty of movement (Physical Inactivity) can bring remarkable harm to health.American Heart Association just classified poverty of movement as the fourth-largest risk factor that changes as far back as 1992, the WHO of World Health Organization (WHO) also classifies poverty of movement as one of ten large reasons that cause the human mortality of developed country in its report in 2002, and approximately has 1,900,000 people's death relevant with poverty of movement every year.On the other hand, motion has important function to promoting health, and the motion of appropriateness can be health and brings many benefits.Data show regular motion especially physical training can make adult's Infant Mortality decline 20%~30%, can make the chronic disease sickness rate such as coronary heart disease, type ii diabetes, apoplexy decline 50%.Generally speaking, motion or physical training have improve cardio-pulmonary function, reduce blood fat, improve body immunity, slow down aging, elimination spirit anxiety and pressure, control body weight and improve the multiple effects such as build, multiple chronic disease is had to good facilitation as the rehabilitation of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome simultaneously.
The popular people's of making of above these life style diseases concept of health has a very large change just, from early stage simple " prevent disease ", to " improving and promotion health ", changes---i.e. the primary prevention transformation to " utilizing various health promotion means to improve health status " by the secondary prevention of " early discovery, early treatment, early diagnosis ".
In sum, motion or physical training can promote health and become common recognition, moreover, researcheres are also found to have clear and definite dose-response relationship between motion and health, and this dose-response relationship all exists in the crowd of different sexes, all ages and classes.Therefore move and health between the research of relation or motion can just seem very necessary by accurate evaluation human body exercise amount while intervening.
Therefore, people will manage the quantity of motion in own daily physical training or motion, what first will solve is exactly the sports energy consumption problem how long-time continuous is measured under daily exercise condition, and this measuring method will have lower cost, want easy and simple to handle and applicable most user simultaneously.
(1) some conventional sports energy consumption measuring methods can partly solve the measurement problem of sports energy consumption, but still have significant limitation for the long-time continuous monitoring of sports energy consumption under daily exercise condition.
The concept of human motion (Physical Activity) is very wide, the people's such as the current received Caspersen of being CJ definition: " any body kinematics that causes energy expenditure being caused by Skeletal Muscle Contraction ".Here the body kinematics of indication can comprise the physical exertion (as work, housework, recreation etc.) of sports, athletic training, rehabilitation exercise and daily life.
Definition by human motion can find out have body kinematics just to have energy expenditure, and number and the energy expenditure of human motion are proportional.Researcheres are using energy expenditure as the how many objective basis of assessment quantity of motion for many years, and this is also the acknowledged momental a kind of objective judgement standard of assessment human body.In the last few years, researcheres, in order to assess accurately, quantitatively human energy expenditure, had successively adopted the several different methods such as questionnaire method, rhythm of the heart method, double labelling water law, indirect calorimetry, Biochemical Indexes method and sports apparatus.
The considerable epidemiological study about human body exercise amount assessment is the questionnaire method (Questionnaire) based on physical activity self-report formula, mainly contains diet record, recalls three kinds of forms such as formula questionnaire and personal interview.It mainly relies on experimenter's oneself explanation to momental record, experimenter self recalls the mistake of exercise frequency, exercise duration, and investigator or sporter self are the main causes that causes this method error to the mistake estimation of exercise intensity or load etc.Just because of objectivity and the poor distinct disadvantage of real-time of questionnaire method, make it can not meet the needs of on-the-spot real-time, the accurate monitoring human sports energy consumption of motion.
Rhythm of the heart method (Heart Rate Monitoring) is also applied comparatively extensively in human energy expenditure monitoring in recent years.As heart rate monitor common in training athlete, exercise, its principle is just that heart rate and sporter's oxygen intake and energy consumption have good linear relationship, can estimate the numerical value of sports energy consumption by the heart rate recording.But use the method still to have some defects: 1., along with the difference of the individual tolerance of experimenter, the relation of heart rate and oxygen intake is also changing; 2. the relation of same experimenter's heart rate and oxygen intake also be upper limb or lower extremity movement, be that static state or dynamic motion are relevant; 3. heart rate can be subject to the impact of a lot of other factorses, as posture and the environmental factors (temperature, humidity, height above sea level etc.) of heartbeat conditions (angry, frightened, nervous etc.), health.Therefore simple rhythm of the heart method can not be thought a kind of method of measuring accurately human energy expenditure.
Aspect human energy expenditure assessment, double labelling water law (Doubly Labelled Water) is to be used as " goldstandard " using always.Its principle is: experimenter takes in some concentration known 2h and 18two kinds of isotope-labeled two mark water of O ( 2h 2 18o), two mark water enters after human body the metabolic process participating in body, the metabolism of (5-14 days) through after a while, according to 2h and 18the difference of two kinds of isotope elimination factors of O, can calculate the production rate of the interior carbon dioxide of body during this period of time, and then just can calculate energy expenditure.Because double labelling water law certainty of measurement is high, being therefore recognized is a kind of accurate method of measuring human energy expenditure.But double labelling water law also has larger limitation: first stable water isotope 2h 2 18o is very expensive, can not be obtained easily; And the method also needs complicated and expensive analytical tool, and the Measuring Time that often needs to grow (several days to several weeks).
Indirect calorimetry (Indirect Calorimetry), also can be described as respiration calorimeter method, in the research of sports medical science, also uses morely.It need to measure the amount of oxygen of inspiration and the carbon dioxide quantity of exhalation, and energy consumption is that gas exchange ratio calculates by the heat equivalent that oxygen expenditure amount is multiplied by nonprotein when breathing.During measurement, experimenter need dress the oronasal mask that respiration valve is housed, and collects the breath in human body certain hour, by being worn on the knapsack type gasometer of human body back, just can carrying out the energy consumption of certain hour and measure.Along with the progress of technology, Metamax and Cosmed K have been there is in recent years 4b 2deng portable gas metabolism tester, these portable equipments are lighter, can accurate analysis the gas exchange situation of each breathing under quiet and kinestate, and calculate energy expenditure.The method also has very high accuracy, can be used as the objective method of energy consumption assessment, is therefore usually used in evaluating validity and the reliability of other energy consumption evaluation method.Its limitation mainly contains: 1. portable gas metabolism tester price is higher, is difficult to popularize; 2. tester continuous working period is shorter, is generally no more than 5 hours; 3. the existence of oronasal mask and knapsack has certain obstruction for the daily exercise of human body.
Biochemical Indexes method is the sports energy consumption that the metabolite by producing in human motion process is estimated sporter.The lactic acid producing during as human motion just has substantial connection with skeletal muscle fiber type, exercise intensity and persistent period.Therefore athlete, instruct 00, during often by the front peace and quiet of detection campaign, after blood Lactate and motion, blood lactic acid peak value judges its quantity of motion size and training effect.In addition, the urine creatine in urine is the metabolite of the interior phosphagen of human body or creatine, also can be used as training effect or momental evaluation index.In general, Biochemical Indexes method mostly needs blood drawing to measure the metabolite after human motion, not only has wound, but also must just can provide result through the mensuration of relevant biochemical instrument, uses comparatively inconvenience.And also can produce certain measurement cost by the method assessment human body exercise amount.
Other as the sports apparatus such as pedometer, cycle ergometer, treadmill be to assess human energy expenditure by sporter's movement velocity and move distance mostly.These sports apparatus are estimating motion energy consumption roughly, can instruct to a certain extent motion.But sports apparatus often can only be assessed the sports energy consumption of single movement type, and not strong with sporter's individual variation dependency, can not meet people's needs that sports energy consumption is measured when outdoor sport.
As seen from the above, although the conventional measuring methods such as questionnaire method, rhythm of the heart method, double labelling water law, indirect calorimetry, Biochemical Indexes method and sports apparatus can be measured the sports energy consumption of human body to a certain extent, but all there are limitation and deficiency separately, can't provide a kind of measuring method simple and easy to do, objective, practical and with low cost for the long-time continuous monitoring of human energy expenditure under daily exercise condition.
(2) the sports energy consumption measuring method based on three dimension acceleration sensor has demonstrated the good prospect of monitoring human sports energy consumption under daily exercise condition.
In recent years, many researcheres were by experimental results demonstrate: the absolute value of human motion acceleration is linear to the integration of time and energy or oxygen consumption.This is just for utilizing the method assessment human energy expenditure based on acceleration transducer that concrete theoretical foundation is provided.
Original research persons have adopted the one-dimensional acceleration transducer of vertical direction to carry out the research of human energy expenditure assessment aspect, but one-dimensional acceleration transducer has significant limitation.In human motion, except normal acceleration, also have the acceleration of horizontal direction, the acceleration of trunk rotation etc., when experimenter wears one-dimensional acceleration transducer and measures, the output meeting of acceleration transducer is more on the low side than objective value, and error is larger.
Consider the weak point of one-dimensional acceleration transducer measurement human energy expenditure, researcheres had tended to adopt more complicated, more accurate three dimension acceleration sensor to measure human energy expenditure in recent years.The skew of three dimension acceleration sensor on each direction of measurement is the same with sensitivity.And between the output of three dimension acceleration sensor and energy consumption, there is better linear relationship, also there is good repeatability and reliability.
At present, the monitor that can complete sports energy consumption assessment based on acceleration transducer of domestic independent development is also fewer, and mostly is the product based on one-dimensional acceleration transducer.
Motion energy consumption monitor based on one-dimensional acceleration transducer is as early stage " intimate energy monitoring instrument ", this instrument is according to kinesiology's principle, use acceleration transducer to gather body motion information, through microprocessor analysis, calculating, processing, the kinergety consumption of human body is presented in LCDs in digital form, and user can understand in time quantity of motion and whether dietary amount is suitable.
But the motion energy consumption monitor of this class based on one-dimensional acceleration transducer has significant limitation.In human motion, except normal acceleration, also have the acceleration of horizontal direction, the acceleration of trunk rotation etc., when experimenter wears one-dimensional acceleration transducer and measures, the output meeting of acceleration transducer is more on the low side than objective value, and error is larger.
The instrument for the movable energy consumption monitoring of human physical power of the moving motion energy consumption monitor Shi You Beijing Xin Huier Health Co., Ltd of FitPod health and Sport Science Inst., State Sport General Bureau's cooperative development, adopt MEMS 3-axis acceleration sensor, intelligent fuzzy identification and energy consumption model technology, can adopt the energy expenditure of the calculated with mathematical model motion unit of proofreading and correct through sex, age, height and body weight.The moving motion energy consumption monitor of health can monitor the sports energy consumption data of human body under different exercise intensitys, and analyzes fatty and sugared consumption ratio.
Excessive and body constitution is poor, even have heart disease, the sporter of hypertension chronic diseases for componental movement, they occur that in motor process the unexpected even dangerous probability of motion is larger.To these special populations, the medical supervision in their motor process becomes an important problem.For this point, the energy consumption measurement instrument that is similar to the moving motion energy consumption monitor of health does not also provide corresponding solution.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor, monitoring moving physical consumption and blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, can guarantee movement effects simultaneously, can effectively prevent to move again occurs unexpectedly, and its technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor, mainly comprise acceleration transducer, digital blood oxygen module, signal condition unit, central control unit, data storage cell, Display And Keyboard interface unit, clock unit, data communication units and power subsystem, acceleration transducer, digital blood oxygen module and signal condition cell formation intrasystem forward path, the exercise data of human body and the data of physiological parameter enter central control unit by forward path:
Described acceleration transducer adopts three dimension acceleration sensor to gather human body three-dimensional movable information;
Described digital blood oxygen inside modules has adopted 32-bit microprocessor, for measuring arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate;
Described signal condition unit mainly comprises signal amplification circuit, filter circuit and standard of precision voltage circuit, mainly realizes the function of amplification, shaping and the filtering of signal;
Described central control unit adopts the 16 8-digit microcontroller MSP430F149 with super low-power consumption feature, its Embedded has the A/D modular converter of 8 Channel 12-Bit precision, the FLASH ROM of 60KB and the data RAM of 2KB, and has hardware multiplier and 2 serial communication interfaces;
Three-dimensional motion data, physiological parameter data that described data storage cell can Coutinuous store collects;
Described Display And Keyboard interface unit provides the keyboard interface that arranges and operate this monitor, and realize the demonstration of Chinese word function menu, sporter's physical consumption and the numerical value Presentation Function of physiological parameter by graphic dot matrix liquid crystal, for system provides friendly and intelligentized human-computer interaction interface;
Described clock unit provides real-time time coordinate, so can provide for the storage of data can reference starting and ending time point;
Described data communication units provides the means of the exchanges data between this monitor and PC, adopts the data communication mode based on USB (universal serial bus);
Described power subsystem adopts artificial circuit part and the digital circuit part power supply architecture of power supply respectively, has isolated simulation region and digital block.
Further preferably, described power subsystem is the integrated drive generator structure of Switching Power Supply and linear power supply, the low voltage difference mu balanced circuit of output termination one-level by the DC-DC boost conversion circuit based on TPS60110 based on TPS76350, the 5V voltage of output analog circuit, after set of cells, connect the low voltage difference mu balanced circuit of one-level based on TPS76330,3V voltage with output digital circuit, outfan at TPS60110 has increased LC filter circuit, by described MSP430F149, controlled the open and close of DC-DC boost conversion circuit, realize the power supply management to analog circuit.
Further preferably, the software of described monitor mainly comprises master control program, A/D converse routine, reading and writing data program, liquid crystal display program, quantity of motion calculation procedure, keyboard response program, timing routine and DCP.
Further preferably, described physiological parameter mainly refers to blood oxygen saturation, heart rate.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the portable physical consumption of the present invention and physiological parameter monitor, can be from the moving situation of quantity of motion and physiological parameter two aspect monitoring humans, and according to sporter's physiologic parameter value, whether surpasses set point and determine whether reporting to the police.Thereby this monitor can either complete the assessment of sports energy consumption in motor process, can monitor sporter's important physiological parameter again, can guarantee movement effects, the unexpected generation of can effectively preventing to move again.
(2) the present invention has friendly Chinese man machine operation interface, can arrange easily and operate.
(3) monitor of the present invention can be worn easily in human body, and lightweight, volume is little, adopts battery powered.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hardware configuration schematic diagram of the portable physical consumption of the present invention and physiological parameter monitor;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of power subsystem of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the portable physical consumption of the present invention and physiological parameter monitor;
Fig. 4 is the software configuration schematic diagram of the portable physical consumption of the present invention and physiological parameter monitor;
Fig. 5 is the software flow block diagram of the portable physical consumption of the present invention and physiological parameter monitor.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiment, method of the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, acceleration transducer, digital blood oxygen module and signal condition cell formation intrasystem forward path, the data of the physiological parameters such as the exercise data of human body and blood oxygen saturation, heart rate enter central control unit by forward path.
Central control unit has adopted the 16 8-digit microcontroller MSP430F149 (hereinafter to be referred as F149) with super low-power consumption feature, its Embedded has the A/D modular converter of 8 Channel 12-Bit precision, the FLASH ROM of 60KB and the data RAM of 2KB, and has hardware multiplier and 2 serial communication interfaces.Adopt MSP430F149 chip as the central control unit of native system, can be outside without sheet realize collection, reception and the processing of motor message and various physiological signals on the basis of A/D chip.Promote advance, reliability and the integrated level of system, promoted largely the overall performance of system.
The data such as three-dimensional motion data, blood oxygen saturation and heart rate that data storage cell can long-time continuous storage of collected arrives.
Display And Keyboard interface unit provides the keyboard interface that arranges and operate this monitor, and realize the demonstration of Chinese word function menu, sporter's physical consumption and the numerical value Presentation Function of physiological parameter by graphic dot matrix liquid crystal, for system provides friendly and intelligentized human-computer interaction interface.
Clock unit provides real-time time coordinate for system, so can provide for the storage of data can reference starting and ending time point.
Data communication units provides the means of the exchanges data between this monitor and PC, has adopted the data communication mode based on USB (universal serial bus) (USB), has the advantages such as transmission speed is fast, support hot plug.
Power subsystem is the analogy and digital circuit part power supply respectively in monitor, and different running voltages and certain power supply partition management functions are provided.
Acceleration transducer can reflect intensity and the frequency of human motion, the various kinestates of human body can be converted to the voltage signal of different amplitudes, and its simple installation, volume are little, are the more suitable motion sensor component in portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor.
For the daily exercise of human body, the measuring range of its acceleration of motion is: amplitude-6g~6g, frequency 0~20Hz.In order to reflect exactly human motion situation, in this monitor, adopted three dimension acceleration sensor to gather human body three-dimensional movable information.
In native system, adopted Static and dynamic has been encouraged to the piezoresistance sensor that all has better response, can not only measure acceleration of gravity, acceleration of motion, continue transient oscillation, can also measure inclination angle and orientation.
This monitor has adopted the 3031-050 type acceleration transducer of three GeIC Sensors companies to be combined into orthogonally a three dimension acceleration sensor, the side direction while measuring human motion respectively, vertically to sagittal acceleration.3031 adopt surface encapsulation form, and volume is little: its size is only 7.6mm * 7.6mm * 3.6mm, lightweight: only have 0.3 gram.3031-050 type sensor useful range is ± 50g, built-in vibration abatement.Can use single 5V Power supply, frequency response range is 0~1000Hz, the about 1mV/g of sensitivity, and nonlinearity is only 0.5%, operating temperature-40~+ 125 ℃.This sensor can meet the requirement of acceleration analysis in native system preferably.
While measuring human motion acceleration with acceleration transducer, positive direction is defined as the end face perpendicular to 3031 sensors, and upwards draws from end face.Acceleration transducer is worn on human body, and its end face is towards human body the place ahead, when human motion acceleration static forward time, measurement be a positive acceleration, when human motion, slow down, measure a negative acceleration.
To acceleration transducer, output voltage when zero-bit output voltage is defined as static and its strain beam of sensor and gravity direction quadrature without angle, output when acceleration is absolute 0g.But each acceleration transducer is after dispatching from the factory, its zero-bit output voltage generally has a skew (offset), and this skew can just can be born, and is generally several millivolts.This skew that the zero-bit of degree of will speed up sensor is exported when non-vanishing is called zero drift.For guaranteeing the precision of this monitor, must compensate the zero drift of sensor (being zero compensation).
In native system, the method for zero compensation is: the static placement of laying state (as placing vertically) by monitor during by actual use, to side direction now, vertically to compensating to the sensor output in three directions with front and back, makes it be zero.
Signal condition unit specifically comprises signal amplification circuit, filter circuit and standard of precision voltage circuit etc., mainly realizes the functions such as amplification, shaping and filtering of signal.
The prime connecting due to signal condition unit is human motion signal to be converted into the acceleration transducer of the signal of telecommunication, what level connected thereafter is the A/D modular converter in MSP430F149, the effect of signal condition unit is that the weak voltage signals of sensor output is amplified without distortion or adjusts to the enough voltage signals of amplitude that can directly be sampled by A/D modular converter, and signal condition unit is as much as possible little on the impact of the A/D modular converter of the sensor of its prime and rear class.
For the useful differential signal that effectively amplification sensor is exported, signal amplification circuit in signal condition unit should have stronger common mode inhibition and differential amplifying power, actual common mode inhibition is higher, input impedance is larger, imbalance and temperature are floated less, these can effectively reduce the impact of signal amplification circuit on sensor input signal, reduce temperature error.Native system adopts the single supply of LiaoTI company, the precision instrument amplifier INA122 of micro-power consumption.
In this monitor, adopted the Surface Mount packing forms INA122 chip of 3 S0-8, the sensor output of 1 corresponding signalling channel of INA122 amplifier.In order to obtain alap noise, to three INA122 circuit corresponding to three signalling channels respectively between its power end (7 foot) and ground (4 foot) as far as possible near-earth connect the decoupling capacitor of a 0.1 μ f.
In this monitor, the frequency range of human motion acceleration signal mainly concentrates on 0~20Hz, for the unwanted frequency composition in filtering amplifying circuit output signal, need to after signal amplification circuit, add a 20Hz low-pass filter circuit.This low pass filter both can be eliminated aliasing before sampling, and the high-frequency harmonic of being introduced by switching power circuit in filtered signal in advance again plays the effect of eliminating noise.
Filter circuit has adopted the active filter forming with the accurate amplifier of phase structure and RC network, and certain gain and cushioning effect can be provided like this, can reduce again the impact on the conversion of rear class especially A/D.
In system, selected the second-order low-pass filter of Butterworth type, the decay of its can provide-40db/ ten octaves in stopband.The flat region of Butterworth mode filter is larger, in its passband, there is no ripple, and phase-frequency characteristic can be thought linear within the specific limits.The selection of amplifier also has impact to the precision of wave filter.Open-loop gain and the gain band width product of selected amplifier are larger, and the too small closed loop gain KP of filter circuit that directly causes of open-loop gain and input impedance reduces, and damped coefficient δ increases, thereby reduce the precision of wave filter.And the too small closed loop frequency band that not only makes of gain bandwidth product narrows down, amplitude and phase error have also been strengthened.So select the amplifier of higher quality to there is important function to ensuring the precision of source filter.
When power filter is installed, should note the matching precision of resistance, to improving its common mode rejection ratio also highly significant.
Acceleration signal is after second-order low-pass filter filtering, and its output signal is as the signal source of the acquired signal of A/D change-over circuit, because its output resistance is less, also less to the Accuracy of A/D conversion.
Because the artificial circuit part of this monitor adopts single 5V Power supply, and lower limit and the upper voltage limit of native system while adopting respectively 0V and 2.5V voltage to change as A/D, the full scale amplitude that signal amplifies is 0V~2.5V.Actual effective range after signal amplifies is 0~1.25V (negative acceleration signal) and 1.25V~2.5V (positive acceleration signal).Therefore in whole signal condition unit, need the standard of precision voltage of a 1.25V.
In system, adopt the LM385-1.2 voltage reference circuit with micro power consumption of LiaoTI company.Its reference voltage providing is 1.235V (representative value).This circuit can provide the operating current of 15 μ A~20mA, has extremely low power consumption, extremely low motional impedance and good temperature stability, low noise and for a long time job stability.
In order to make this reference voltage circuit and the isolation of analog circuit other parts, the reference voltage of LM385-1.2 output is exported through a follower.
The digital blood oxygen module of this monitor has adopted the DigiSat blood oxygen saturation module of Beijing Mai Chuantongyuan Electron equipment Co., Ltd, this inside modules has adopted 32-bit microprocessor, utilizes the method for Digital Signal Processing can measure exactly arterial oxygen saturation.Even signal to noise ratio lower (as motion or weak perfusion) in the situation that, also can obtain oximetry value more accurately.
DigiSat blood oxygen saturation module can provide arterial oxygen saturation numerical value (0-100), pulse rate numerical value (30-250), characterize patient's pulse beat situation plethysmogram numerical value (0-100), characterize pulse beat situation excellent figure numerical value (0-15) and characterize the numerical value (0-8) of the signal intensity of patient's perfusion state.
DigiSat blood oxygen saturation module is by asynchronous serial communication mouth and the MSP430F149 micro-controller communications of a Transistor-Transistor Logic level.This blood oxygen saturation module can send the packet that length is 5 bytes incessantly to MSP430F149 microcontroller, sends each second 60 times.The communications protocol of DigiSat blood oxygen saturation module and BCI communications protocol are compatible, and speed during serial communication is 4800 baud rates, and data format is 8 bit data positions, 1 odd parity bit and 1 position of rest.
DigiSat blood oxygen saturation module has two interfaces to be connected with main frame with blood oxygen probe respectively.P1 mouth comprises that the driving of probe and signal receive.P2 mouth comprises power supply and the connecting line of communicating by letter.
In portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor, the power consumption of central control unit (hereinafter to be referred as microcontroller or MCU) is also one of important sources of entire system power consumption, be chosen in the microcontroller in the design of micro-power consumption with outstanding advantage, for micro-power consumption design of system, there is very real effect.Meanwhile, the microcontroller of selecting to be integrated with degree of precision A/D modular converter and larger capacity data RAM can effectively reduce system design difficulty and improve the reliability of system.
In native system, adopt the MSP430F149 microcontroller (being designated hereinafter simply as F149) of LiaoTI company.The power consumption of this microcontroller has reached microampere order, is 16 MCU with super low-power consumption feature.F149 inside is integrated with multichannel, high-speed a/d modular converter ADC12, and the A/D conversion of 8 Channel 12-Bit precision can be provided, and its maximum sampling rate can reach 200ksps.The ADC kernel, conversion stored logic, internal reference level generator, multiple clock source, sampling and the conversion timing sequence circuit that in ADC12 module, comprise sampling/maintenance function.For this monitor, the inner integrated ADC12 module of F149 just can meet the requirement of data acquisition well.
In addition, the inner integrated serial communication module of F149 is not only supported asynchronous serial communication, also supports SPI synchronous communication mode, and this is just for F149 accesses DigiSat blood oxygen saturation module and serial FLASH memory provides the assurance on hardware.
Meanwhile, in F149, be integrated with the data RAM of 2KB, can provide enough buffer time for data being write to FLASH memorizer, can meet preferably the needs of real-time data acquisition and the reliability of raising system.
The software configuration of F149 also designs for low-power consumption.As waken MCU up from standby mode, only need 6 μ S.It interrupts and subroutine call limits without level, and this abundant interrupt capabilities has reduced the needs of system queries, can design easily the system control program based on interrupt structure.
In sum, MSP430F149 microcontroller has extremely low power consumption, has peripheral module on the powerful sheet of several functions.F149 has adopted the Surface Mount encapsulation of QFP64 simultaneously, and pin-pitch is only 0.5mm, has saved significantly circuit board space.Adopt MSP430F149 as the microcontroller of this monitor, increased advance and the integrated level of system, promoted the overall performance of system.
MSP430F149 inside is integrated with multichannel, high-speed a/d modular converter ADC12, by ADC12 module complete to side direction, vertically to and front and back to the A/D of acceleration signal, change, by through amplifying, the acceleration signal analog quantity of filtering is converted to digital quantity.
ADC12 has four kinds of translative mode: single channel single conversion, single channel repeat conversion, sequence of channels single conversion, sequence of channels and repeat conversion.To native system, side direction, vertically to and front and back to the input signal of acceleration signal, need to once change completely, adopt sequence of channels single conversion mode comparatively suitable, its sequencing contro is simple, reliability is higher.
The approximately 5MHz clock that change over clock in native system has adopted internal oscillator ADC120SC to produce.
In native system, acceleration output signal is 0V~2.5V through amplification, filtered dynamic range, and the full scale sample range of signal should be also 0V~2.5V.Therefore the datum of ADC12 should match therewith, and getting VR-is 0V, and VR+ is 2.5V.Adopt the inner integrated datum generator of ADC12 to provide sampling required reference voltage simultaneously.
In daily exercise, the frequency range of acceleration signal is 0~20Hz, and in conjunction with the requirement of nyquist sampling law, system is decided to be 100Hz sample frequency.
In design, in order effectively to reduce each interchannel crosstalking, by the side direction of needs collection, vertically to and front and back to acceleration signal respectively one, interval sampling channel be linked into ADC12, side direction signal connects the A1 passage of ADC12, vertically to signal, connect A3 passage, front backward signal connects A5 passage.A0, A2, A4, A6 passage be earth lead all, and a ground wire is accessed respectively on each signalling channel both sides like this, has played isolation and shield effect, has effectively avoided the generation of crosstalking, and in actual use, effect is fine.Also make not have the A/D input pin of use not unsettled, avoided the introducing of disturbing and reduced power consumption simultaneously.
Low-power consumption management in A/D conversion is to realize by control bit and the A/D converse routine of control register.ADC120N control bit in ADC12 can be controlled the open and close of A/D kernel.REFON control bit can open and close inner datum generator.In native system, for further reducing power consumption, after ADC12 starts once to sample, MCU enters low-power consumption mode, and by A/D conversion interrupt identification, ADC12IFG wakes MCU up, carries out the storage of data.
In design, comprehensively, to the considering of the factors such as power consumption, control mode, display area, in system, adopted the MG-12232 LCD MODULE of letter profit (TRULY) company.MG-12232 module can be operated in 2.7V~4.5V, and the representative value of operating current is 0.3mA, is well suited for the low-power consumption environment of native system 3V level, has also avoided conventional 5V Liquid Crystal Module and the unmatched problem of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer logic level simultaneously.
SED1520 controller is as the interface of LCD MODULE and MCU, and it directly drives MG-12232 liquid crystal, the demonstration of control character, Chinese character and figure.Because MSP430F149 has nearly 48 I/O pins, by SED1520, can directly utilize read-write and the control sequential of the I/O mouth simulation liquid crystal of F149.Make MCU in fact become the operation of MCU to SED1520 controller to the operation of MG-12232 Liquid Crystal Module.
Keyboard interface based on poll is the main source of extra power consumption in scm application system often.Therefore for reducing power consumption, in native system, designed the keyboard interface based on interruption of work pattern.While pressing without key, MCU, in low-power consumption resting state, when having key to press, produces and interrupts MCU to wake up from resting state.
The P1 of F149 microcontroller, P2 mouth, except supporting input, output, are gone back support hardware and are interrupted.8 pins of P1, P2 mouth have control register separately, and each pin can be controlled separately, and each pin can be as interrupt source, and can select separately down trigger edge, allow to interrupt separately.P1, P2 mouth are respectively used an interrupt vector, and P1.0~P1.7 produces same interruption, and P2.0~P2.7 also produces same interruption.This structure of P1, P2 mouth is applicable to realizing keyboard interface and the keyboard input responder based on interrupting very much.
Native system has selected 32 megabit SPI serial line interface FLASH memorizer AT45DB321B of atmel corp as data storage chip.This FLASH memorizer supply district is 2.7V~3.6V, and its interface level and F149 microcontroller match, and on hardware, can directly connect.And this memorizer adopts SPI serial three-wire interface, can effectively reduce system and take up space, and improves system reliability, reduces switching noise.
AT45DB321B adopts single power supply, and power consumption is lower, and its standby current is 2 μ A, read operation electric current 4mA, programming electric current 15mA.Especially in conjunction with the reading and writing data subprogram based on the page, can reduce largely the time and the number of times that read or write FLASH memorizer, and then further reduce power consumption.
AT45DB321B consists of data buffer zone and an I/O interface logic of 1 main memory array, 2 528 bytes.AT45DB321B is the high-capacity FLASH memorizer of 32 megabits, its main array is divided into 8192 pages (every page of 528 bytes), and the division of its memory block can descendingly be divided into three level: sector (sector), block (piece), page (page).AT45DB321B memory inside also comprises the data buffer zone of 2 static RAM (SRAM) types, and the capacity of each RAM is all identical with the memory capacity of a page (page) in main memory array, is 528 bytes.Even if two data RAM in AT45DB321B also allow to receive data in main storage area in by the process of programming, this has just guaranteed real-time and the reliability of data acquisition.
In native system, for can real time record human motion state, need real time clock circuit to provide clock signal (year, month, day, hour, min, second) to system.
System clock generally can pass through software (soft clock) or special clock circuit is realized.The time precision of soft clock generally will be lower than special clock circuit, once and system power failure, its temporal information is easily lost.Soft clock generally needs hardware counter support, takies hardware resource, also needs to arrange interruption, inquiry etc., larger to system resources consumption, and adopts special clock circuit head it off preferably.
Conventional clock chip has parallel, two kinds of interface shapes of serial.The general pin of parallel interface clock chip is more, takies I/O mouth line more; Serial clock pin is few, and volume is little, few with the wiring of MCU, simple in structure, can meet preferably the microminiaturized requirement of system.
In native system, adopted DS1302 clock chip.DS1302 is the serial real-time timepiece chip of a kind of high-performance, low-power consumption.Can to year, month, day, week, time, minute, second carries out timing, can adjust being less than the date in month of 31 days, has leap year compensate function.This chip also has higher accuracy of timekeeping simultaneously, and cost is lower.
DS1302 operating voltage range is wider, can reach 2.5V~5.5V, can be connected easily with MSP430F149 microcontroller.It is RST (reset), I/O (bidirectional data transfers) and SCLK (serial clock) that the interface of itself and F149 only needs three holding wires.Meanwhile, 8 pin compact SOIC Surface Mount encapsulation and the simple peripheral circuit of DS1302 can be saved the circuit board space of system largely.
Data communication units completes the exchanges data between this monitor and PC, has selected USB interface-based PDIUSBD12 chip (hereinafter to be referred as D12) in native system, and it and MSP430F149 microcontroller are realized usb data communication function jointly.
PDIUSBD12 chip is supported USB1.1 communication protocol; Can with microcontroller implementation high speed parallel interface (2M byte per second); Support 6 transmission pipelines; Integrated 320 many structures of byte FIFO memorizeies; Built-in SoftConnect technology, is connected with usb bus by software control and disconnects; There is GoodLink indication, convenient debugging; There is the full scan design of high wrong recovery rate (> 99%), guaranteed the correctness of transfer of data; The 5V power supply of dual supply operation: 3.3 ± 0.3V or expansion, is applicable to native system and uses; Adopt subminiature TSOP encapsulation, save circuit board space.
Usb communication circuit does not generally work on power, and, when carrying out data communication, by PC, by usb bus, is only its power supply, has reduced the power consumption of native system self.
Power subsystem is the important component part of this monitor, and the quality of its design will directly affect precision and the reliability of system.The structure chart of power subsystem as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 2, the power supply architecture that this monitor has adopted simulation and numerical portion to power respectively, has isolated simulation region and digital block, is not only conducive to reduce the interference of numerical portion to simulation part; Also help central control unit and realize the function of power supply managing.In system, by MSP430F149, controlled the open and close of DC-DC boost conversion circuit, realize the power supply management to analog circuit.F149 can carry out timesharing division operation to system various piece according to the workflow of system, and the power supply of the subregion that synchronization is not used thoroughly turn-offs.
In power subsystem, by DC-DC boost conversion circuit, the rear pump of set of cells is raised to 5V Voltage-output.In order to make output voltage stability high, ripple is as far as possible little, also at the outfan of DC-DC boost conversion circuit, has connected the low voltage difference mu balanced circuit that one-level has stronger Ripple Suppression ability again.The integrated drive generator structure of this Switching Power Supply+linear power supply, can effectively reduce output ripple, improves power supply output quality, has taken into account the double factor of power supply output quality and efficiency.
For the DC-DC translation circuit that boosting is provided, the quality of its out-put supply and actual converted efficiency are the factors that needs emphasis to consider.Out-put supply quality can guarantee precision and the reliability of data acquisition preferably; Higher conversion efficiency represents that system can utilize battery power largely, reduces the wastage, and extends service time of battery.
In this monitor, adopted the DC-DC boost conversion circuit based on TPS60110.TPS60110 can provide the voltage stabilizing output of 5V, and lower than the output voltage ripple of 10mV, its output is without obviously electromagnetic radiation; Efficiency can reach 90%, and maximum output current 300mA can meet native system needs; The quiescent current of 60 μ A, the shutoff leakage current of 0.05 μ A, power consumption is extremely low; The input voltage range with 2.7~5.4V, the stability that assurance system is exported in battery electric quantity change procedure; The encapsulation of TSSOP paster, peripheral circuit only needs several little electric capacity, circuit small volume.In order to guarantee out-put supply quality, make COM and the SKIP pin while ground connection of TPS60110 chip, make it work in push-pull mode and the constant mode of frequency, realized high-quality voltage stabilizing output.
The output quality of TPS60110 not only has direct relation with mode of operation, also with the selection of electric capacity, the wiring of circuit part has substantial connection.For further improving the power supply output quality of TPS60110, at the outfan of TPS60110, increased LC filter circuit to reduce the impact of High-frequency Interference.
For further reducing the ripple in power supply output, at the outfan of DC-DC boost conversion circuit, connect again the low voltage difference mu balanced circuit of one-level based on TPS76350, the 5V voltage of output analog circuit.After set of cells, also connect the low voltage difference mu balanced circuit of one-level based on TPS76330, to export the 3V voltage of digital circuit.
TPS76350 and TPS76330 are the low voltage difference mu balanced circuits in TI company's T PS763xx series.Equal exportable 150mA electric currents, during shutoff, quiescent current is lower than 2 μ A, and owing to having adopted voltage-controlled PMOS transmission apparatus, when output current increases, mu balanced circuit self does not need larger drive current, has improved efficiency.
In circuit, all adopted the tantalum electric capacity of Surface Mount encapsulation.Tantalum electric capacity has lower equivalent resistance and good temperature characterisitic, can effectively reduce output ripple and improve circuit efficiency.
On-the-spot in motion, sporter is worn on loins by portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor.After monitor is opened, system will complete the on-the-spot human body movement data of motion, collection and the storage of physiological data (blood oxygen saturation, heart rate etc.) automatically, and calculate the numerical value of cumulative movement amount, automatic alarm when monitor can surpass set point in sporter's physiological parameter simultaneously.
The groundwork flow process of monitor as shown in Figure 3.
The software of monitor of the present invention has adopted modular construction, mainly comprises master control program, A/D converse routine, reading and writing data program, liquid crystal display program, quantity of motion calculation procedure, keyboard response program, timing routine and DCP etc.By the master control program in MSP430F149 microcontroller and these function programs, coordinate with hardware circuit, realize the function such as collection, storage, calculating of exercise data.The structure of software section as shown in Figure 4.
In the central control unit MSP430F149 of this monitor, solidified intelligent control program.This control sequence matches with the hardware circuit of monitor, mainly completes exercise data, physiological parameter data motion collection in worksite and storing moving person, calculates and show the numerical value of sports energy consumption, in physiological parameter, surpasses setting value alarm prompting sporter.
Fig. 5 is the software flow block diagram of monitor, after monitor starts, first carries out initialization operation, makes each hardware circuit in monitor and functional module in normal operating conditions.
In monitor, adopted the built-in A/D modular converter of MSP430F149 microcontroller carry out vertically to, front and back to and the collection of the three-dimensional motion data of side direction.After initialization completes, control sequence A/D modular converter is set to sequence of channels single conversion pattern, and adopting Timer_A intervalometer is the timing of A/D modular converter, makes it be operated in increasing count mode; The mode of operation of the serial communication port of MSP430F149 microcontroller is set simultaneously, comprises corresponding I/O mouth, clock, baud rate, communication format and control register etc. are set.Set after A/D modular converter and serial communication port, just can the program control mode based on interrupting gather three-dimensional motion data and receive and come from the blood oxygen saturation of blood oxygen module, the physiological parameter data of heart rate.
Because the control sequence of this monitor is based on interrupt routine structure, open and interrupt and start after Timer_A intervalometer, just can by A/D interrupt service subroutine come Real-time Collection vertically to, front and back to and the three-dimensional motion data of side direction; By serial communication receive interruption service subprogram, receive and come from the blood oxygen saturation of blood oxygen module, the physiological parameter data of heart rate.These motions and physiological data are first by the temporary data buffer zone in the inner of MSP430F149 microcontroller.
After data buffer zone in MSP430F149 is filled up by data, just immediately these data are stored in the pin-saving chip in monitor.Then just according to the integration of the numerical value of these three-dimensional motion data and movement time, calculate the sports energy consumption in interval during this period of time.According to the physiological parameter data monitoring, judge whether sporter's physiological parameter surpasses setting value simultaneously, such as the setting value of current blood oxygen saturation and heart rate is respectively 90% and 160/ minute, as sporter's blood oxygen saturation < 90% or heart rate > 160/ minute, monitor is just opened buzzer warning, shows corresponding information simultaneously on liquid crystal.
As the pin-saving chip in monitor has been filled with data, control sequence is filled with reminder-data, and monitor will finish motion monitoring process.Otherwise proceed motion monitoring.
Because the control sequence of this monitor is based on interrupt routine structure, after Timer_A intervalometer starts regularly, MSP430F149 microcontroller just enters low-power consumption park mode, A/D EOC or serial communication data receive and finish, the automatic set of interrupt flag bit wakes MSP430F149 up, and this has just further reduced system power dissipation.
The above; it is only the preferably specific embodiment of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, the simple change of the technical scheme that can obtain apparently or equivalence are replaced and are all fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.Monitor of the present invention can also be for medical science monitoring or home care.

Claims (1)

1. a portable physical consumption and physiological parameter monitor, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise acceleration transducer, digital blood oxygen module, signal condition unit, central control unit, data storage cell, Display And Keyboard interface unit, clock unit, data communication units and power subsystem, acceleration transducer, digital blood oxygen module and signal condition cell formation intrasystem forward path, the exercise data of human body and the data of physiological parameter enter central control unit by forward path:
Described acceleration transducer adopts three dimension acceleration sensor to gather human body three-dimensional movable information;
Described digital blood oxygen inside modules has adopted 32-bit microprocessor, for measuring arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate;
Described signal condition unit mainly comprises signal amplification circuit, filter circuit and standard of precision voltage circuit, mainly realizes the function of amplification, shaping and the filtering of signal;
Described central control unit adopts the 16 8-digit microcontroller MSP430F149 with super low-power consumption feature, its Embedded has the A/D modular converter of 8 Channel 12-Bit precision, the FLASH ROM of 60KB and the data RAM of 2KB, and has hardware multiplier and 2 serial communication interfaces;
Three-dimensional motion data, physiological parameter data that described data storage cell can Coutinuous store collects;
Described Display And Keyboard interface unit provides the keyboard interface that arranges and operate this monitor, and realize the demonstration of Chinese word function menu, sporter's physical consumption and the numerical value Presentation Function of physiological parameter by graphic dot matrix liquid crystal, for described monitor provides friendly and intelligentized human-computer interaction interface;
Described clock unit provides real-time time coordinate, so can provide for the storage of data can reference starting and ending time point;
Described data communication units provides the means of the exchanges data between this monitor and PC, adopts the data communication mode based on USB (universal serial bus);
Described power subsystem adopts artificial circuit part and the digital circuit part power supply architecture of power supply respectively, has isolated simulation region and digital block;
Described power subsystem is the integrated drive generator structure of Switching Power Supply and linear power supply, the low voltage difference mu balanced circuit of output termination one-level by the DC-DC boost conversion circuit based on TPS60110 based on TPS76350, the 5V voltage of output analog circuit, after set of cells, connect the low voltage difference mu balanced circuit of one-level based on TPS76330,3V voltage with output digital circuit, outfan at TPS60110 has increased LC filter circuit, by described MSP430F149, controlled the open and close of DC-DC boost conversion circuit, realize the power supply management to analog circuit;
Described physiological parameter mainly refers to blood oxygen saturation, heart rate;
The output of described acceleration transducer is carried out to zero compensation, to guarantee the precision of described monitor; The method of described zero compensation is: the static placement of laying state by described monitor during by actual use, to side direction now, vertically to compensating to the sensor output in three directions with front and back, makes it be zero.
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