CN102506756A - Method for representing cross section appearance and dimensions of glass fibre or basalt fibre - Google Patents
Method for representing cross section appearance and dimensions of glass fibre or basalt fibre Download PDFInfo
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- CN102506756A CN102506756A CN2011103637431A CN201110363743A CN102506756A CN 102506756 A CN102506756 A CN 102506756A CN 2011103637431 A CN2011103637431 A CN 2011103637431A CN 201110363743 A CN201110363743 A CN 201110363743A CN 102506756 A CN102506756 A CN 102506756A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for representing cross section appearance and dimensions of glass fibre or basalt fibre. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing a sample, representing cross section appearance and representing cross section dimensions. The steps of representing the cross section appearance and representing the cross section dimensions are processed by adopting a metallomicroscope. The method is characterized in that the preparing of a sample comprises the steps of sampling, sample dispersing, curing, grinding, cleaning and polishing. According to the invention, in order to adapt with requirements of observing the fibre by the metallomicroscope, a preparation process which is different from the process of observing the other substance samples is designed. Cross section dimensions of common glass fibre and foreign fibre can be measured and labelled when the cross section appearance of the glass fibre or basalt fibre is represented. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple technology and low cost, and is suitable for widespread development of glass fibre or basalt fibre manufacturing enterprises or relevant departments.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to spun glass or basalt fibre sample detection technical field, the characterizing method of particularly a kind of spun glass or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size.
Background technology
The filament diameter of spun glass or basalt fibre precursor is one of key index of controlling fiber performance, and the size of filament diameter is one of factor that influences fiber each item performance index.In Fibre sorting, often fiber is carried out class indication according to the different of fibre diameter, number and number of share of stock.
The xsect of simple glass fiber or basalt fibre is circular, and for profile fibre, its xsect has shapes such as ellipse, silk cocoon shape and hollow shape, and the control to profile fibre xsect pattern and size in the production run is very important.So, the sign of general fibre or profile fibre xsect pattern and size is just seemed very necessary.
At present, be used for the means that the spun glass filament diameter measures and mainly contain transmission microscopy, projector method, scanning electron microscope detection method, capacitance method and the online detection of transmission interferometric method.
As far as transmission microscopy and projector method; Key step is before test, to have got sample on request; Be placed on sample on the clean microslide then, open fiber dispersion, place it in observed reading on transmission microscopy or the projector objective table again with appropriate method; At last will, the lattice number that every fibre diameter occupies is converted into the micron number of fiber.Adopting this method to measure the glass diameter, is that the glass fibre length direction forms images through microscopical transmitted light or projector, can't when measuring micro-diameter, characterize the fiber cross section pattern; Because the monofilament in the fibrous bundle is not at grade, there is bigger error through measuring its diameter after transmission or the projection imaging.
Adopting scanning electron microscope both can characterize the fiber cross section pattern, can measure fiber cross sectional dimension again simultaneously, is a kind of desirable checkout equipment.But the scanning electron Electronic Speculum costs an arm and a leg (a set of equipment needs about 1,000,000 Renminbi), maintenance cost is high, seldom this equipment of unit or enterprise configuration; Professional knowledge, technical ability to operation of equipment and maintainer are had relatively high expectations; Entrust submitted sample if adopt, its testing cost is again than higher.
The online detection fibers diameter of capacitance method and transmission interferometric method.The transmission interferometric method detects principle: when to utilize wavelength be 0.6328 micron He-Ne laser radiation quartz fibre, penetrate a part of light that is got on toward all directions by refraction behind the quartz fibre right cylinder; Produce interference with the reflection of quartz fibre periphery toward another part light that all directions get on; The interference fringe of semicircular, the regular arrangement of stroke in the quartz fibre dead ahead is made the size of quartz fibre diameter from the interference fringe interval width.Adopt this two kinds of methods: pick-up unit is complicated, and equipment drops into the expense height; Professional skill to the technician requires height, and general personnel are difficult for grasping; When can't both characterize fibre diameter was measured the fiber cross section pattern; And be mainly used in the online detection in fiber drawing workshop.
Summary of the invention
Cost an arm and a leg for solving prior art, complicated operation and be difficult to the problem that promptly general fibre or profile fibre xsect pattern characterized, can characterize the size of xsect again simultaneously, the present invention provides the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size.
The characterizing method of a kind of spun glass or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; May further comprise the steps: specimen preparation, xsect pattern characterize, cross sectional dimensions characterizes; Said xsect pattern characterizes and the cross sectional dimensions sign adopts metaloscope to carry out, and it is characterized in that said specimen preparation comprises sampling, dispersed sample, curing, grinding, cleaning, polishing.
Said dispersed sample will be for being soaked in from the raw tow that spun glass or basalt fibre take off the acetone soln 12～48 hours or being soaked in the water 48～72 hours.
Said curing places 40 parts of epoxy resin in the beaker earlier; Add in the beaker 0.5-2 part promoter and stirring again; Add 0.5-2 part hardening agent and stirring at last, after stirring finishes, with the static 5～10min of hybrid resin; Carry out following step again: (1) adheres to double sticky tape on the level table, is that 1～5mm, length are that 10～20mm transparent hose vertically adheres on the double sticky tape with diameter again; (2) with glue head dropper hybrid resin is injected transparent hose, meanwhile the fiber with length 10～20mm applies a spot of resin with glue head dropper, treat the hybrid resin hardening of fiber surface after, vertically insert fiber in the transparent hose immediately; (3) behind the sample natural air drying after will solidifying, the outer field transparent hose of hybrid resin is removed.
Carry out regelate after the said curing again; Said regelate places 40 parts of epoxy resin in the beaker earlier, adds in the beaker 1-4 part promoter and stirring again, adds 0.5-2 part hardening agent at last and also stirs; After stirring finishes; Static 5～10min behind the hybrid resin, carry out following step again: (1) adheres on the level table with double sticky tape, is that 10～20mm, length are that 10～20mmPVC pipe vertically adheres on the adhesive tape with diameter again; (2) with glue head dropper hybrid resin is injected transparent hose, meanwhile the sample behind the one-step solidification natural air drying is inserted in the hybrid resin; (3), the outer field transparent PVC pipe of hybrid resin is removed with behind the sample natural air drying behind the regelate.
Said grinding is passed through 200#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1200#, the hand lapping of 1400# silit abrasive paper for metallograph successively for the sample that will pass through after the cured; When grinding, whenever change a kind of sand model sample rotated 90 degree along same direction, and with the microscopic examination sample surfaces with definite abrasive surface state.
Said polishing may further comprise the steps: polishing flannelet is used water-soaked; Pave on the polishing disk of tightening and be fixed on buffing machine; Using granularity is that 5 μ m and 2.5 μ m adamass spraying brilliant polish are done lubricant with water, on buffing machine, successively sample is carried out mechanical buffing and handles, throw well after; Under 100 power microscopes, observe surface state, confirm surperficial no marking.
Said etch may further comprise the steps: will polish good sample and insert that etch is after 40～90 seconds in the hydrofluoric acid solution, water flushing sample is used the ethanolic solution washed samples then, dries up with hair dryer at last.
The sign of said example cross section pattern may further comprise the steps: the sample for preparing is placed under the optical metallographic microscope; Utilize microscopical reflection source imaging; Observe the conventional method operation according to metaloscope and sample; Adopt the light field imaging mode that sample is observed, and utilize the metallic phase image analytic system the xsect pattern of the fiber sample sign of taking pictures.
Being characterized by after fiber cross section pattern sign is finished of said example cross section size utilizes the metallic phase image analytic system that general fibre or profile fibre xsect appearance and size are characterized.
The present invention has designed and the different preparation process of other material samples of observation in order to adapt to the requirement of metallography microscope sem observation fiber.Through soaking dispersed sample, the precursor that adheres to each other before can making spreads out, and this helps and follow-up resin soaking in fiber, improves impregnability.Improving the benefit soak into is: fiber Yangjing follow-up ground with characterization in; Because resin is filled between fiber fully; Do not have the slit between the fiber, can effectively stop in the process of grinding, to cause in the abrasive material entering fiber slit truly to characterize the fiber cross section appearance and size; Also help simultaneously the accuracy that fiber size characterizes, because after the monofilament in the raw tow scatter, when measuring filament diameter, can not cause overlapping interference.Making fiber more to stablize more clearly through curing is observed; And can be implemented in when characterizing spun glass or basalt fibre xsect pattern; The diameter of conventional spun glass is measured and marked; Particularly to the measurement and the mark of profile fibre cross sectional dimensions, and can observe each monfil dimensional uniformity of raw tow.
The present invention comes etched samples through hydrofluorite, can make the xsect of sample more clear, helps observing better.
The preparation technology that the present invention waits to characterize sample is simple, and it is few to drop into simple, the required fund of equipment that characterizes sample, and method of operating is prone to grasp; And the pattern that characterizes sample is clear, the size of the conventional fibre of measuring and profile fibre accurate.Be applicable in spun glass or basalt fibre manufacturing enterprise or relevant unit and generally carry out.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sign design sketch of the embodiment of the invention 1 simple glass fiber cross section pattern and size;
Fig. 2 is the conforming sign design sketchs of the embodiment of the invention 2 special-shaped glass fiber precursor bundle filament diameters;
Fig. 3 is the sign design sketch of the embodiment of the invention 3 special-shaped glass fiber cross section patterns and size;
Fig. 4 is the sign design sketch of the embodiment of the invention 4 parabasalt fiber cross section patterns and size.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Get the simple glass fiber its xsect pattern and glass fiber diameter are characterized, step is following:
1. sampling
On simple glass fiber precursor bundle, get fiber sample.
2. dispersed sample
Because the raw tow surface adhesion of taking off has immersion agent, before fiber is cured, it is carried out dispersion treatment: the raw tow that takes off is soaked in the acetone soln, and soak time is 20 hours.After soaking, the precursor that adhered to each other in the past spreads out, and this helps and follow-up resin soaking in fiber, improves impregnability.Improving the benefit soak into is: fiber Yangjing follow-up ground with characterization in; Because resin is filled between fiber fully; Do not have the slit between the fiber, can effectively stop in the process of grinding abrasive material to get into to cause in the fiber slit truly to characterize fiber cross section pattern cun; Also help simultaneously the accuracy that fiber size characterizes, because after the monofilament in the raw tow scatter, when measuring filament diameter, can not cause overlapping interference.
3. sample one-step solidification
The allocation ratio of one-step solidification hybrid resin is: epoxy resin: promoter: hardening agent=40: 1: 1.Extracting epoxy resin adds in the beaker promoter and stirring in beaker more in proportion, adds hardening agent and stirring at last in proportion.Static 10min after stirring finishes hybrid resin lets the interior bubble of resin get rid of.Sample one-step solidification step:
The first step: adhering on the level table with double sticky tape, is that 3mm, length are that the 15mm transparent hose vertically adheres on the adhesive tape with diameter again;
Second step: with glue head dropper resin is injected transparent hose, meanwhile the fiber with length 15mm applies a spot of resin with glue head dropper, after the resin hardens of band fiber surface, vertically inserts fiber in the transparent hose immediately;
The 3rd step: behind the sample natural air drying behind the one-step solidification, the outer field transparent hose of resin is removed with instrument.
4. sample regelate
The allocation ratio of regelate hybrid resin is: epoxy resin: promoter: hardening agent=40: 2: 1.Per sample what are got a certain amount of resin in beaker, add promoter in the beaker in proportion again and stir, and add hardening agent at last in proportion and stir.Static 10min after stirring finishes hybrid resin lets the interior bubble of resin get rid of.The sample post-cure step:
The first step: adhering on the level table with double sticky tape, is that 15mm, length are that the 15mmPVC pipe vertically adheres on the adhesive tape with diameter again;
Second step: with glue head dropper resin is injected transparent hose, meanwhile the sample behind the one-step solidification natural air drying is inserted in the resin;
The 3rd step: behind the sample natural air drying behind the regelate, the outer field transparent PVC pipe removal of resin can be carried out following process with instrument.
5. sample grinds
Sample for after handling through regelate passes through 200#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1200#, the hand lapping of 1400# silit abrasive paper for metallograph successively; When grinding, whenever change a kind of sand model and will sample be rotated 90 degree (perpendicular to last one sand grinding direction along same direction; Cut is ground away), and with the microscopic examination sample surfaces to confirm the abrasive surface state.
6. sample cleans
Ground sample is clamped with tweezers, put into cleaning fluid and clean after 60 seconds, put into clear water again and wash.
7. sample polishing
Polishing flannelet is used water-soaked; Pave on the polishing disk of tightening and be fixed on buffing machine; Using granularity is that 5 μ m and 2.5 μ m adamass spraying brilliant polish are done lubricant with water, on buffing machine, successively sample is carried out mechanical buffing and handles, throw well after; Under 100 power microscopes, observe surface state, confirm surperficial no marking.
8. sample etch
The sample that polishing is good inserts that etch is after 60 seconds in the hydrofluoric acid solution, and water flushing sample is used the ethanolic solution washed samples then, dries up with hair dryer at last, obtains xsect sample clearly.
(2) sign of example cross section pattern
The sample for preparing is placed under the optical metallographic microscope; Utilize microscopical reflection source imaging; Observe the conventional method operation according to metaloscope and sample; Adopt the light field imaging mode that sample is observed, and utilize the metallic phase image analytic system the xsect pattern of the fiber sample sign of taking pictures.
(3) sign of example cross section size
After fiber cross section pattern sign is finished, utilize the metallic phase image analytic system that the general fibre cross sectional dimensions is characterized, measure the diameter data of general fibre.
The sign effect of embodiment 1 such as accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment 2
Get the special-shaped glass fiber its xsect pattern is characterized, step is following:
1. sampling
On special-shaped glass fiber precursor bundle, get fiber sample.
2. dispersed sample
Because the raw tow surface adhesion of taking off has immersion agent, before fiber is cured, it is carried out dispersion treatment: the raw tow that takes off is soaked in the acetone soln, and soak time is 18 hours.
3. sample one-step solidification
The allocation ratio of one-step solidification hybrid resin is: epoxy resin: promoter: hardening agent=40: 1: 1.Get resin in beaker, add in the beaker promoter and stirring in proportion again, add hardening agent and stirring at last in proportion.Static 8min after stirring finishes hybrid resin lets the interior bubble of resin get rid of.Sample one-step solidification step:
The first step: adhering on the level table with double sticky tape, is that 4mm, length are that the transparent suction pipe of 13mm vertically adheres on the adhesive tape with diameter again;
Second step: with glue head dropper resin is injected transparent hose, meanwhile the fiber with length 12mm applies a spot of resin with glue head dropper, after the resin hardens of band fiber surface, vertically inserts fiber in the transparent hose immediately;
The 3rd step: behind the sample natural air drying behind the one-step solidification, the outer field transparent hose of resin is removed with instrument.
4. sample grinds
For passing through 200#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1200#, the hand lapping of 1400# silit abrasive paper for metallograph successively through the sample after the cured; When grinding, whenever change a kind of sand model and will sample be rotated 90 degree (perpendicular to last one sand grinding direction along same direction; Cut is ground away), and with the microscopic examination sample surfaces to confirm the abrasive surface state.
5. sample cleans
Ground sample is clamped with tweezers, put into cleaning fluid and clean after 60 seconds, put into clear water again and wash.
6. sample polishing
Polishing flannelet is used water-soaked; Pave on the polishing disk of tightening and be fixed on buffing machine; Using granularity is that 5 μ m and 2.5 μ m adamass spraying brilliant polish are done lubricant with water, on buffing machine, successively sample is carried out mechanical buffing and handles, throw well after; Under 100 power microscopes, observe surface state, confirm surperficial no marking.
7. sample etch
The sample that polishing is good inserts that etch is after 60 seconds in the hydrofluoric acid solution, and water flushing sample is used the ethanolic solution washed samples then, dries up with hair dryer at last, obtains xsect sample clearly.
(2) sign of example cross section pattern
The sample for preparing is placed under the optical metallographic microscope; Utilize microscopical reflection source imaging; Observe the conventional method operation according to metaloscope and sample; Adopt the light field imaging mode that sample is observed, and utilize the metallic phase image analytic system the xsect pattern of the fiber sample sign of taking pictures.
From accompanying drawing 2, can obviously find out the not of uniform size of glass fiber diameter, the glass diameter homogeneity is on duty mutually.
Embodiment 3
According to method and the step of embodiment 1, to get the special-shaped glass fiber size of its xsect pattern and glass major axis and short-axis direction is characterized, it characterizes effect such as accompanying drawing 3.
Embodiment 4
According to method and step according to embodiment 1, to get the parabasalt fiber its xsect pattern and fibre diameter are characterized, it characterizes effect such as accompanying drawing 4.
Claims (9)
1. the characterizing method of a spun glass or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; May further comprise the steps: specimen preparation, xsect pattern characterize, cross sectional dimensions characterizes; Said xsect pattern characterizes and the cross sectional dimensions sign adopts metaloscope to carry out, and it is characterized in that said specimen preparation comprises sampling, dispersed sample, curing, grinding, cleaning, polishing.
2. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 1 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size is characterized in that said dispersed sample will be for being soaked in from the raw tow that spun glass or basalt fibre take off the acetone soln 12～48 hours or being soaked in the water 48～72 hours.
3. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 1 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; It is characterized in that said curing places 40 parts of epoxy resin in the beaker earlier; Add in the beaker 0.5-2 part promoter and stirring again; Add 0.5-2 part hardening agent and stirring at last, after stirring finishes, with the static 5～10min of hybrid resin; Carry out following step again: (1) adheres to double sticky tape on the level table, is that 1～5mm, length are that 10～20mm transparent hose vertically adheres on the double sticky tape with diameter again; (2) with glue head dropper hybrid resin is injected transparent hose, meanwhile the fiber with length 10～20mm applies a spot of hybrid resin with glue head dropper, treat the hybrid resin hardening of fiber surface after, vertically insert fiber in the transparent hose immediately; (3) behind the sample natural air drying after will solidifying, the outer field transparent hose of hybrid resin is removed.
4. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 3 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; It is characterized in that carrying out regelate again after the said curing; Said regelate places 40 parts of epoxy resin in the beaker earlier, adds in the beaker 1-4 part promoter and stirring again, adds 0.5-2 part hardening agent at last and also stirs; After stirring finishes; With the static 5～10min of hybrid resin, carry out following step again: (1) adheres on the level table with double sticky tape, is that 10～20mm, length are that 10～20mmPVC pipe vertically adheres on the adhesive tape with diameter again; (2) with glue head dropper hybrid resin is injected transparent hose, meanwhile the sample behind the one-step solidification natural air drying is inserted in the hybrid resin; (3), the outer field transparent PVC pipe of hybrid resin is removed with behind the sample natural air drying behind the regelate.
5. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 1 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; It is characterized in that said grinding passes through 200#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1200#, the hand lapping of 1400# silit abrasive paper for metallograph successively for the sample that will pass through after the cured; When grinding, whenever change a kind of sand model sample rotated 90 degree along same direction, and with the microscopic examination sample surfaces with definite abrasive surface state.
6. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 1 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; It is characterized in that said polishing may further comprise the steps: polishing flannelet is used water-soaked, pave on the polishing disk of tightening and be fixed on buffing machine, using granularity is that 5 μ m and 2.5 μ m adamass spraying brilliant polish and water are done lubricant; On buffing machine, successively sample being carried out mechanical buffing handles; After throwing well, under 100 power microscopes, observe surface state, confirm surperficial no marking.
7. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 1 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; It is characterized in that said etch may further comprise the steps: will polish good sample and insert in the hydrofluoric acid solution etch after 40～90 seconds; Water flushing sample; Use the ethanolic solution washed samples then, dry up with hair dryer at last.
8. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 1 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; The sign that it is characterized in that said example cross section pattern may further comprise the steps: the sample for preparing is placed under the optical metallographic microscope; Utilize microscopical reflection source imaging; Observe the conventional method operation according to metaloscope and sample; Adopt the light field imaging mode that sample is observed, and utilize the metallic phase image analytic system the xsect pattern of the fiber sample sign of taking pictures.
9. the characterizing method of a kind of spun glass according to claim 1 or basalt fibre xsect pattern and size; It is characterized in that being characterized by after fiber cross section pattern sign is finished of said example cross section size, utilize the metallic phase image analytic system that general fibre or profile fibre cross sectional dimensions are characterized.
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| CN103033515A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Identification method of basic extrusive rock-basalt |
| CN103630438A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-12 | 山东轻工业学院 | Novel application of water to polishing stage of metallographical sample preparation method of leather sample and use method of water |
| CN105043276A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江华电器材检测研究所 | Layered thickness determination method of fiber composite mandrel |
| CN116718116A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-09-08 | 烟台泰和新材高分子新材料研究院有限公司 | Quick and accurate test method for high-performance fiber cross-section structure |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103033515A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Identification method of basic extrusive rock-basalt |
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| CN103630438A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-12 | 山东轻工业学院 | Novel application of water to polishing stage of metallographical sample preparation method of leather sample and use method of water |
| CN103630438B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-07-29 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Water is in the novelty teabag in leather sample metallographic sample preparation method polishing stage and using method |
| CN105043276A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江华电器材检测研究所 | Layered thickness determination method of fiber composite mandrel |
| CN116718116A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-09-08 | 烟台泰和新材高分子新材料研究院有限公司 | Quick and accurate test method for high-performance fiber cross-section structure |
| CN116718116B (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-11-14 | 烟台泰和新材高分子新材料研究院有限公司 | Quick and accurate test method for high-performance fiber cross-section structure |
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Address after: 400082 Dadukou District of Chongqing Bridge Industrial Park B District Patentee after: Chongqing international composite Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 400082 Dadukou District of Chongqing Bridge Industrial Park B District Patentee before: Chongqing Polycomp International Corp. |
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