CN102506219B - A Permanent Magnet Solenoid Valve with Fast Response - Google Patents

Abstract

A permanent magnet solenoid valve with fast response characteristics is used for the fuel supply control of automobiles and rocket engines and the actuators of high-precision control systems. The permanent magnet changes the magnetic circuit characteristics and reduces the inductance of the solenoid valve coil, so that the solenoid valve can Respond quickly to signals, realize quick opening and closing, improve the pulse characteristics of the engine and the stability of the system, including joints, filter assemblies, permanent magnets, housings, coils, valve bodies, upper gaskets, armature assemblies, lower gaskets And the valve seat; the filter assembly includes the upper pressure ring, the filter screen and the lower pressure ring; the armature assembly includes the armature, the upper reed, the lower reed, the outer fastening ring, the baffle, the pin, the inner fastening ring and the magnetic ring , The valve uses permanent magnets to adjust the characteristics of the magnetic circuit, so that the current on the coil can be changed rapidly, so that the switching speed of the solenoid valve is significantly improved. The resultant force composed of the permanent magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet and the spring force can ensure the reliable sealing of the valve seat.

Description

A Permanent Magnet Solenoid Valve with Fast Response

technical field

The invention relates to a permanent magnet solenoid valve with fast response characteristics, which can be used for the management and control of engine fuel media with high requirements on impulse response characteristics, and can also be used as a key executive element of high stability control systems and hydraulic systems.

Background technique

Fast Response Switching Solenoid valves are the key actuators of many control systems, and the switching speed of solenoid valves is directly related to the stability and controllability of the system.

In addition, the pulse characteristics of the engine are closely related to the response speed of the solenoid valve. For liquid rocket engines, automobile engines and other products that require very high pulse performance and consistency, it is a very critical technology to realize the rapid response of the solenoid valve. The faster the response speed of the solenoid valve, the better the atomization effect of the nozzle, the more complete the combustion of the engine combustion chamber, the combustion efficiency will be greatly improved, the performance of the product will be improved, and the exhaust gas will be reduced.

Quick response solenoid valves generally have the following two structures:

(1) One is a solenoid valve with a snap-fit magnetic circuit. This valve has a simple structure, small size and light weight, but the high-speed solenoid valve with this structure is more dependent on the high-speed drive circuit. When the valve is opened, the drive circuit provides instantaneous high voltage to make the valve open quickly; when the valve is closed, the drive circuit is quickly cut off, reducing the coil current to zero, so that the valve is quickly closed. Due to the small stroke, small flow rate and dependence on high-speed drive lines of this solenoid valve, its application range is limited.

(2) The torque motor valve is used as the control valve of the engine on the liquid rocket engine abroad. The switching speed of this valve is fast, and the power consumption is very small, but this valve also has many shortcomings. First of all, the manufacturing of this kind of valve is difficult, the process is complicated, the cost is high, and the price is expensive; secondly, this kind of valve has very high requirements for cleanliness, and it is easy to be polluted and cause leakage.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem of the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a permanent magnet solenoid valve with fast response characteristics, to adjust the magnetic circuit characteristics through permanent magnets, to reduce the inductance of the coil, so that the solenoid valve can quickly respond to the signal , to increase the switching speed.

The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is:

(1) The permanent magnet solenoid valve of the present invention is simple in structure, good in manufacturability, and convenient to realize. It only needs to arrange uniform permanent magnets in the magnetic circuit of ordinary solenoid valves to change the characteristics of the magnetic circuit, so that the inductance of the coil is reduced by 5-7 double, so that the current growth and decline speed on the solenoid valve coil is accelerated, and the current is quickly turned on or off, and the purpose of improving the response speed of the valve is realized. The response speed of the ordinary solenoid valve is about 7ms. , turn on the response speed can reach about 2ms.

(2) The magnetic circuit structure of the permanent magnet solenoid valve of the present invention not only improves the opening response speed of the solenoid valve, but also greatly improves the closing time response speed. The opening response speed will change due to the change of the driving voltage. The greater the opening driving voltage, the faster the opening speed. However, under different driving voltages, the closing response speed of the solenoid valve does not change much and is very stable.

(3) The permanent magnetic solenoid valve of the present invention is driven by a general drive circuit, and the response speed of the common solenoid valve under the same flow rate is improved by 3 to 5 times. If a high-speed drive circuit is equipped, the response speed of the solenoid valve can be further improved. improvement.

(4) The present invention adopts the suspension structure of the armature of the suction solenoid valve, which further reduces the frictional resistance of the solenoid valve, makes the response speed of the solenoid valve more rapid, and the operating life is more reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a permanent magnet solenoid valve;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the valve body structure;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the armature assembly;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the reed structure

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tile-shaped permanent magnet;

Fig. 6 Structural schematic diagram of filter assembly;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit;

Fig. 8 is a comparative diagram of the response current curves of the ordinary solenoid valve and the permanent magnet solenoid valve.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a permanent magnet solenoid valve structure with fast response characteristics, including a joint 1, a filter assembly 2, a permanent magnet 3, a casing 4, a coil 5, a valve body 6, and an upper gasket 7 , armature assembly 8, lower gasket 9 and valve seat 10; filter assembly includes upper pressure ring 21, filter screen 22 and lower pressure ring 23; armature assembly includes armature 81, upper reed 82, lower reed 83, outer tight Fixed ring 84, baffle plate 85, pin 86, inner fastening ring 87 and magnetic conduction ring 88;

The valve body (6), as shown in Figure 2, comprises a hollow cylinder with different diameters with steps made of a magnetic isolation ring made of a magnetic isolation material and two sections of soft magnetic alloy materials, and the magnetic isolation ring is sleeved on the One end of a soft magnetic hollow cylinder with a smaller diameter, and one end of the soft magnetic hollow cylinder with a smaller diameter that is covered with a magnetic isolation ring, and one end placed in the inner cavity of a larger diameter soft magnetic hollow cylinder , the magnetic isolation ring and the two sections of soft magnetic hollow cylinders are welded and fixedly connected to form a valve body (6), the coil 5 is wound in the outer wall groove of the valve body 6, and the lead-out line adopts a wire-slinging method.

Several tile-shaped permanent magnets 3, as shown in Figure 5, are evenly installed on the outer wall of the smaller side of the valve body 6 outer diameter, and the gaps between the permanent magnets 3 can be filled with soft magnetic materials, and the polarity direction of the permanent magnets Keep consistent with the direction of the electromagnetic polarity generated by the coil 5 .

The valve seat 10 is a hollow cylinder with a step, and one end is a valve port. The upper gasket 7, the armature assembly 8, the lower gasket 9 and the end of the valve seat 10 with the valve port are sequentially installed into the valve body 6 with a larger outer diameter. In the cavity on the side, the upper gasket 7 controls the stroke of the armature assembly 8, the lower gasket 9 controls the compression amount of the upper reed 82 and the lower reed 83, one side of the upper gasket 7 is close to the valve body 6, and the other side It is pressed by the armature assembly 8; one side of the lower gasket 9 is close to the armature assembly 8, and the other side is pressed by the valve seat 10, and the valve seat 10 and the valve body 1 are welded and fixed together.

As shown in Figure 3, the armature 81 is a solid cylinder with steps made of soft magnetic alloy, the baffle 85 is a solid cylinder, and a coaxial dovetail groove is dug at one end, and the dovetail groove is filled with non-metallic sealing material, and the armature 81 and the baffle plate 85 are riveted and fixed by using pin 86, and the upper reed 82, the inner fastening ring 87, the lower reed 83 and the outer fastening ring 84 are loaded from the side of the baffle plate 85, and are placed on the armature 81 in turn. On the mandrel, wherein, the upper reed 82 is clamped by the armature 81 and the inner fastening ring 87, the lower reed 83 is clamped by the inner fastening ring 87 and the outer fastening ring 84, and the magnetic guide ring 88 is clamped on the upper reed 82 and the lower reed 83, between the outer fastening ring 84 and the armature 81, use laser welding to carry out 4 spot welding fixation.

As shown in FIG. 4 , both the upper reed 42 and the lower reed 43 have a three-arm reed structure, which has good stability and radial rigidity. Both the upper reed 82 and the lower reed 83 are located on the same side of the coil 5 , and the upper reed 82 and the lower reed 83 suspend the armature 81 so that the armature 81 can move back and forth.

The sum of the spring force of the upper reed 82 and the lower reed 83 acting on the armature 81 is greater than the attraction force of the permanent magnet 3 acting on the armature 81, so that the sealing force produced after the sum of the spring force minus the attraction force can ensure the baffle Reliable seal between 85 and seat 10.

As shown in Figure 6, the filter assembly 2 is composed of an upper pressure ring 21 and a lower pressure ring 23 to compress and weld the filter screen 22. The joint 1 is a hollow cylinder with steps, and is assembled on the side of the joint 1 without a tapered surface. In the center hole of the valve body, the joint 1 and the filter assembly 2 communicate with the center hole at the end of the valve body 6 with the smaller outer diameter, and the hollow cylinder of soft magnetic material outside the shell 4 is set on the outside of the valve body 6 and fastened with screws , There is a waist-shaped hole on the cylindrical wall of the shell 4, lead the lead wire of the coil 5 out of the hole, inject epoxy resin from the waist-shaped hole, and seal the coil 5.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the permanent magnet 3 , the valve body 6 , the armature 81 , the magnetically conductive ring 88 , an air gap between the armature 81 and the valve body 6 , and the casing 4 form a complete closed-loop magnetic circuit.

When the solenoid valve coil 5 is not energized, the permanent magnet 3 generates an attractive force in the magnetic circuit and acts on the armature 81 to generate a force opposite to the sealing direction. The upper reed 82 and the lower reed 83 in the armature assembly 8 are deformed to produce After the spring force needs to overcome the suction force, there is still enough force to ensure the sealing of the baffle plate 85 and the valve seat 10. If the magnetic force of the permanent magnetic force declines after the magnetic pulse and temperature change, the sealing force will be greater and the sealing will be more reliable.

As shown in Figure 8, the effect of the permanent magnet 3 makes the inductance value of the solenoid valve coil 5 greatly decrease, so when the coil 5 is energized, the current rise rate of the permanent magnet solenoid valve is much higher than that of the ordinary solenoid valve, so that the electromagnetic force can be faster When the electromagnetic force can overcome the spring force, the armature 81 starts to drive the baffle 85 to move toward the joint 1, and the valve starts to open. At this time, the current drops because the armature 81 moves to cut the magnetic force line. After the armature 81 moves, the valve is completely closed. On, the current continues to ramp up to the steady state value.

When the coil 5 is powered off, the effect of the permanent magnet 3 makes the current of the permanent magnet solenoid valve drop more rapidly than the ordinary solenoid valve, so that the electromagnetic force decays faster. When the electromagnetic force is smaller than the spring force, the armature 81 acts on the spring force Down reset, the valve starts to close, at this moment, because the armature 81 moves and cuts the magnetic field line, the current rises, and after the armature 81 moves, the valve is completely closed, and the current continues to drop to zero.

The opening and closing response speed of the solenoid valve can be determined by the inflection points of the rising and falling edges in the current curve. It can be seen from Figure 8 that due to the effect of the permanent magnet 3, the opening and closing response speed of the permanent magnet solenoid valve is much higher than that of Ordinary solenoid valve.

The content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (4)

1. A permanent magnet solenoid valve with fast response characteristics, characterized in that: it includes a joint (1), a filter assembly (2), a permanent magnet (3), a shell (4), a coil (5), a valve body ( 6), upper gasket (7), armature assembly (8), lower gasket (9) and valve seat (10); The valve body (6) is a hollow cylinder with steps made of soft magnetic material. The coil (5) is wound in the stepped groove on the outer wall of the valve body (6). The permanent magnet (3) is tile-shaped, and a plurality of permanent magnets (3) are evenly assembled on the outer wall of the valve body (6) at the end with a smaller outer diameter; The armature assembly (8) includes an armature (81), an upper reed (82), a lower reed (83), an outer fastening ring (84), a baffle (85), a pin (86), an inner fastening ring (87 ) and magnetically permeable ring (88); The armature (81) is a solid cylinder with a step on the side wall, and there is a cylindrical groove in the middle of an end face along the axial direction. The baffle (85) is a solid cylinder with a T-shaped cross section. The baffle (85) A coaxial dovetail groove is dug on the surface of one end with a large diameter, and the dovetail groove is filled with non-metallic sealing material, and the end with a small diameter of the baffle (85) is inserted into a cylindrical groove in the center of an end surface of the armature (81) , tightly fit, and fixed by riveting with pins (86); Upper reed (82), magnetic conduction ring (88), inner fastening ring (87), lower reed (83) and outer fastening ring (84) are loaded into from baffle plate (85) side, are sleeved in turn On the side wall step of the armature (81), the upper reed (82) is clamped by the armature (81) and the inner fastening ring (87), and the lower reed (83) is clamped by the inner fastening ring (87) and the outer fastening ring (87). The fastening ring (84) is clamped, the magnetic conducting ring (88) is clamped between the upper reed (82) and the lower reed (83), and the outer fastening ring (84) and the armature (81) are welded and fixed; The valve seat (10) is a hollow cylinder with a step, and one end is a valve port; put the upper gasket (7), armature assembly (8), lower gasket (9) and the end of the valve seat (10) with the valve port Install them into the cavity on the side with the larger outer diameter of the valve body (6) in turn, wherein one side of the upper gasket (7) is close to the valve body (6), and the other side is close to the upper spring of the armature assembly (8) ( 82); one side of the lower gasket (9) is close to the lower reed (83) of the armature assembly (8), and the other side is close to the valve seat (10); the lower gasket (9) is used to adjust the upper reed (82 ) and the deformation of the lower reed (83), the upper gasket (7) is used to adjust the action stroke of the armature (81), and the valve seat (10) and the valve body (6) are welded and fixed; The joint (1) is a hollow cylinder with a step, one end is a conical surface, and the other end is a circular surface. The filter assembly (2) includes an upper pressure ring (21), a filter screen (22) and a lower pressure ring (23); The upper pressure ring (21) and the lower pressure ring (23) clamp the filter screen (22) in the middle, press and weld them into one, and the filter assembly (2) is assembled in the center hole on one side of the circular surface of the joint (1) ; The joint (1), the filter assembly (2) communicate with the central hole at the end of the valve body (6) with a smaller outer diameter; The shell (4) is a hollow cylinder of soft magnetic material, which is set on the outside of the valve body (6) and fastened with screws. There is a waist-shaped hole on the cylindrical wall of the shell (4), and the lead wire of the coil (5) is drawn out from the hole. , inject epoxy resin from the waist-shaped hole, and seal the coil (5); The permanent magnet (3), the valve body (6), the armature (81), the magnetic guide ring (88), the shell (4) and a section of air gap between the armature (81) and the valve body (6) form a complete closed loop The magnetic circuit, the permanent magnet (3) plays the role of accelerating drive; The sum of the spring force of the upper reed (82) and the lower reed (83) acting on the armature (81) is greater than the attraction force of the permanent magnet (3) acting on the armature (81), so that the sum of the spring force decreases The sealing force generated after removing the suction force can ensure reliable sealing between the baffle plate (85) and the valve seat (10). 2. A permanent magnet solenoid valve with fast response characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the valve body (6) includes a magnetic isolation ring made of a magnetic isolation material and two sections of soft magnetic alloy material. Hollow cylinders with different diameters with steps formed, the magnetic isolation ring is sleeved on one end of the soft magnetic hollow cylinder with a smaller diameter, and the soft magnetic hollow cylinder with a smaller diameter is covered with a magnetic isolation ring One end is placed in the inner cavity of a larger-diameter soft magnetic hollow cylinder, and the magnetic isolation ring is welded and fixedly connected with the two soft magnetic hollow cylinders to form a valve body (6). 3. A permanent magnet solenoid valve with fast response characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the armature (81) and the magnetic conducting ring (88) are made of soft magnetic alloy. 4. A permanent magnet solenoid valve with fast response characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer fastening ring (84) and the armature (81) are fixed by 4-point spot welding by laser welding.

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