Background technology
Macromolecular material, as plastics, rubber, coating, chemical fibre, resin etc., because compound is through the macromole three dimensional structure of polymerization crosslinking formation, the every aspect of society now, because the kind of these high molecular polymers is many, easily processing, abundant raw material, all be unable to do without these high molecular polymers.
Although these high molecular polymer application are more and more wider, these high molecular polymers have a serious defect, are perplexing all scientific research technician, and the conductivity and the heat transfer property that are exactly these macromolecular materials are low.Although these two problems are desired just in some field, but need after all insulation and athermanous field limited, and some light specific gravities of macromolecular material and high strength make it can replace metallic substance in some field, but cannot replace the application of metallic substance because of the insulativity of these macromolecular materials and non-thermal conductivity.
Aspect conduction, current macromolecular material specific inductivity is little, therefore in the time of application, inevitably produces static, because build-up of static charges is on the surface of macromolecular compound goods, easily cause surface adsorption dust, even cause and electric discharge cause fire, for chemical & blended fabric, due to the generation of static, make fabric easily be with electro-adsorption, wear not attractive in appearance and comfortable, and because easily produce static sparking, also cause forbidding wearing chemical fibre clothes in some region.
The heat conductivility that is on the other hand these macromolecular compounds is very low, although can be widely used in field of thermal insulation, but need good heat conductivity, the light field of corrosion-resistant quality again for some, such as the fields such as car radiation, interchanger or warmer, although these macromolecular materials have had the characteristics such as high strength, corrosion-resistant and high temperature, cannot apply because of bad thermal conductivity.
Especially present field of solar energy, such as present solar water heater etc. utilizes the field of solar heat, be mainly to adopt in glass, to add heat-sink material manufacture now, but due to low heat conductivity and the low strength of glass, in the time that larger variation appears in temperature, Glass tubing is easily explosion just.
Scientific research personnel is being devoted to improve the research of the aspects such as electroconductibility, heat conductivity and the heat absorption capacity of macromolecular material always, also there have been some progress, such as gathering for fear of macromolecular material product surface static, increase their antistatic effect, in macromolecular material, general selection adds conducting material as polyacetylene, polyaniline or metal etc., to increase conductivity, but that such processing exists in application is oxidizable, processing characteristics is bad, weather resisteant is poor, because the amount of packing material causes the problem such as strength decreased or toughness variation.Also these two kinds of performances of promising raising and add carbon black in material, because carbon black can be with better combination or crosslinked of macromolecular material, but in the time that heat conduction can be realized, must add like this carbon black of vast scale, generally in macromolecular material weight ratio more than 50%, only at the part by weight that exceedes 50%, just can make packing material through mixing after because the dispersion of particle causes the bad problem of hot conduction, the obvious decline of product intensity obtaining like this can only be used for some fields low to requirement of strength.Also there is for example patent of technology (CN200710086993.9) to propose in the mixing cross-linking process of macromolecular material, use the regular distribution of induced by magnetic field particle, but such result is can realize impact that some packing materials can hard to bear magnetic field and regularly arranged, but magnetic field can not affect the queueing discipline of macromolecular material, this just makes macromolecular material be affected when crosslinked and then affects the intensity of integral material.Can be subject to the arrangement of particles of packing material and interrupt and to produce the heat transfer of integral material inhomogeneous because some is crosslinked.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned detrimentally affect, realize electroconductibility and the heat conductivity of macromolecular material, be one of object of the present invention.
When stating in realization two performances, the intensity and the erosion resistance that do not affect macromolecular material are also one of objects of the present invention.
In realizing antistatic and thermal conductivity, also having high heat absorption capacity is another object of the present invention.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of height dispels the heat and has heat absorptivity macromolecular material, is in macromolecular material, to have mixed the filler with conduction, heat conduction and heat absorption capacity; Described filler is silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black mixt; Described filler is nano material; The particle diameter of described filler is 15-20nm; Amount to mixed fillers in macromolecular material is 25%-45% volume ratio; Silicon-dioxide in described filler, the amount of graphite and carbon black is weight ratio: silicon-dioxide: graphite: carbon black is (50-70): (15-30): (15-30).
As further improvement, silicon-dioxide in described filler, the weight ratio of graphite and carbon black is silicon-dioxide: graphite: carbon black is (60-65): (15-20): (15-20).
A kind of height dispels the heat and has heat absorptivity macromolecular material manufacture method:
A, the silicon-dioxide that is first 15-20nm by particle diameter, graphite and carbon black are mixed in proportion; Silicon-dioxide, the amount of graphite and carbon black is weight ratio: silicon-dioxide: graphite: carbon black is (50-70): (15-30): (15-30);
B, by macromolecular material melting carry out high-speed stirring under 0.4MP-0.6MP, stirring velocity is 1500-3000 rev/min, and spray into while stirring filler, amount to mixed fillers in macromolecular material is 25%-45% volume ratio, add after required filler, continue to stir 40-180 minute, the cooling formed body that is processed into.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Realize the combination of antistatic property, heat transfer property and heat absorption capacity through the present invention, and can replace metal product aspect a lot, all had a significant effect from the weight of product and the aspect such as corrosion-resistant.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail.
The present invention has mixed the filler with conduction, heat conduction and heat absorption capacity in macromolecular material; Described filler is silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black mixt; Described filler is nano material; The particle diameter of described filler is 15-20nm; Amount to mixed fillers in macromolecular material is 25%-45% volume; Silicon-dioxide in described filler, the amount of graphite and carbon black is weight ratio: silicon-dioxide: graphite: carbon black is (50-70): (15-30): (15-30).
Existing plastics, rubber, coating, chemical fibre, resin etc. do not have special stipulation at macromolecular material of the present invention, as all can realized the object of the invention.
Embodiment mono-
In in plastics, sneaked into the filler with conduction, heat conduction and heat absorption capacity, described plastics are existing plastics in the present embodiment, and macromolecular material does not have special requirement in the present invention; Described filler is silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black mixt; Described filler is nano material; The particle diameter of described filler is 15-20nm; Amount to mixed fillers in macromolecular material is 25% volume; Silicon-dioxide in described filler, the amount of graphite and carbon black is weight ratio: silicon-dioxide: graphite: carbon black is 50: 30: 20; The melting carry out high-speed stirring under 0.4MP-0.6MP of described plastics, stirring velocity is 1500-3000 rev/min, and limit sprays into filler while stirring on limit, continues to stir 40-180 minute, the cooling formed body that is processed into after appropriate filler to be added.
Other side at the present embodiment is identical, just filler with the ratio of macromolecular material and filler in the ratio difference of each composition, other side is all identical.Along with filler accounts for, high molecular volume ratio increases and grow the hardness of the formed body obtaining, when filler with the ratio of macromolecular material from 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45% time, formed body hardness increases; In the time reaching 45% volume ratio, the increase of its thermal conductivity, has reached intensity and needed heat conductivility such as radiator.The heat absorption capacity of filler changes to some extent along with the difference of the ratio of silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black in filler; In the time that the ratio of graphite in filler reaches 30, the heat absorption capacity of formed body reaches the highest.
In an embodiment, in filler in the weight ratio of each composition, the part by weight of silicon-dioxide is chosen respectively 50,55,60,65,70 equal proportions, be respectively 30,25,20,15 equal proportions with the corresponding graphite weight ratio of silica ratios, the weight ratio of carbon black is also chosen in 30,25,20,15 scopes, through detecting, when the ratio of each composition in filler is silicon-dioxide: graphite: the weight ratio of carbon black is can realize the best effect that conducts heat and absorb heat at 60: 20: 20.
Embodiment bis-
In coating, sneaked into the filler with conduction, heat conduction and heat absorption capacity, described coating is not because having in the present invention special requirement in the present embodiment; Described filler is silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black mixt; Described filler is nano material; The particle diameter of described filler is 15-20nm; Amount to mixed fillers in macromolecular material is 25% volume; Silicon-dioxide in described filler, the amount of graphite and carbon black is weight ratio: silicon-dioxide: graphite: carbon black is 50: 30: 30; The melting carry out high-speed stirring under 0.4MP-0.6MP of described plastics, stirring velocity is 1500-3000 rev/min, and limit sprays into filler while stirring on limit, continues to stir 40-180 minute, the cooling formed body that is processed into after appropriate filler to be added.
Other side at the present embodiment is identical, just filler with the ratio of macromolecular material and filler in the ratio difference of each composition, other side is all identical, along with filler accounts for, high molecular volume ratio increases and grow the hardness of the formed body obtaining, when filler with the ratio of macromolecular material from 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45% time, formed body hardness increases.In the time that the shared volume of filler is 25%, its intensity is low, can be used as heat absorbing coating; In the time that the shared volume of filler reaches 45%, it can adapt to high rigidity and high heat absorptivity completely, and can directly be processed into absorber plate or tubing etc.The heat absorption capacity of filler changes to some extent along with the difference of the ratio of silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black in filler; In the time that the ratio of graphite in filler reaches 30, the heat absorption capacity of formed body reaches the highest.
In an embodiment, in filler in the weight ratio of each composition, the part by weight of silicon-dioxide is chosen respectively 50,55,60,65,70 equal proportions, be respectively 30,25,20,15 equal proportions with the corresponding graphite weight ratio of silica ratios, the weight ratio of carbon black is also chosen in 30,25,20,15 scopes.
Embodiment tri-
In resin, sneaked into the filler with conduction, heat conduction and heat absorption capacity, described resin is not because having in the present invention special requirement in the present embodiment; Described filler is silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black mixt; Described filler is nano material; The particle diameter of described filler is 15-20nm; Amount to mixed fillers in macromolecular material is 25% volume; Silicon-dioxide in described filler, the amount of graphite and carbon black is weight ratio: silicon-dioxide: graphite: carbon black is 50: 30: 30; The melting carry out high-speed stirring under 0.4MP-0.6MP of described plastics, stirring velocity is 1500-3000 rev/min, and sprays into filler in the time stirring, and continues to stir 40-180 minute, the cooling formed body that is processed into.
Other side at the present embodiment is identical, just filler with the ratio of macromolecular material and filler in the ratio difference of each composition, other side is all identical, along with filler accounts for, high molecular volume ratio increases and grow the hardness of the formed body obtaining, when filler with the ratio of macromolecular material from 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45% time, formed body hardness increases.In the time that the shared volume of filler is 25%, its intensity is low, can be used as heat absorbing coating; In the time that the shared volume of filler reaches 45%, it can adapt to high rigidity and high heat absorptivity completely, and can directly be processed into fiber etc.The heat absorption capacity of filler changes to some extent along with the difference of the ratio of silicon-dioxide, graphite and carbon black in filler; In the time that the ratio of graphite in filler reaches 30, the heat absorption capacity of formed body reaches the highest.
In an embodiment, in filler in the weight ratio of each composition, the part by weight of silicon-dioxide is chosen respectively 50,55,60,65,70 equal proportions, be respectively 30,25,20,15 equal proportions with the corresponding graphite weight ratio of silica ratios, the weight ratio of carbon black is also chosen in 30,25,20,15 scopes.
Embodiments of the invention can have a lot, cannot enumerate, and above embodiment is only for technology usability of the present invention is described, is not limitation of the present invention.Can have for the present invention's macromolecular material used a variety of, not restriction in the present invention, meanwhile, in the present invention, macromolecular material also can be adjusted as required with the volume ratio of filler.In filler, the weight ratio of each composition also can change as required.
Those skilled in the art are also clear, can modify according to the present invention or improve, and these improvement include within the scope of technical protection of the present invention.