A kind of organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment process and equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process field of organic waste, a kind of specifically high solid wet type anaerobic digestion techniques that adopts is to the organic garbage of city biodegrade and obtain the resource utilization set technique and the equipment of biogas.
Background technology
Organic garbage of city mainly comprises heterogeneous body semi-fluid attitude class rubbish (meal kitchen, fruits and vegetables rubbish) and homogeneous solid-liquid class rubbish (urban night soil, mud), and changing food waste wherein is mainly derived from the food residues that food-processing, food and beverage sevice and resident living etc. produce; Fruits and vegetables rubbish mainly is meant at rubbish such as the dish leaf of places such as agricultural-food transfer base, market of farm produce generation, melons and fruits; Urban night soil and mud are then respectively from public lavatory, city or Residential areas septic tank and sewage work.Because the continuous variation of organic garbage of city composition and the raising day by day of environmental quality requirement; Conventional process mode such as sanitary landfill, burning and compost show various drawbacks gradually, and the organic garbage of city anaerobic digestion techniques that possesses efficient waste treatment and resource recovery double effects obtains pay attention to day by day.
At present, utilize anaerobic digestion techniques to handle organic garbage of city and obtained abroad using quite widely, large-scale industrial production was just arranged before the more than ten years.In China, the history of Anaerobic Digestion municipal domestic organic refuse also is long-standing, is mainly used in the processing of feces of livestock and poultry, municipal sludge and high concentrated organic wastewater, the most typical little methane-generating pit in rural area that is applied as.In recent years, China in Beijing, large-and-medium size cities such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, or attempted utilizing organic garbage of city such as anaerobic digestion techniques processing utensil rubbishes, municipal sludge.Yet the domestic combined anaerobic digestion recycling treatment engineering that is directed to organic garbage of city does not specially also have what is heard, and compared with developed countries, the through engineering approaches application level of Chinese municipal organic anaerobic digestion techniques is in urgent need to be improved.
At present, the research of Chinese municipal organic anaerobic digestion techniques also is in the preliminary stage, and the difficulty that faces mainly contains the following aspects: the one, and the organic garbage of city complicated component, physico-chemical property is inhomogeneous, variation range is bigger, charging and discharging difficulty; The 2nd, urban night soil, mud and other organic garbage of city can not parallel feeding be united digestion; Organic garbage of city such as meal kitchen, swill contain the composition that grease, inorganic salt etc. suppress anaerobic digestion; The 3rd, the efficient of reactor drum is lower, and the residence time is long, conversion rate of organic matter is low, and anaerobic system domestic manufacture of key equipment rate is low.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, provide that a kind of input and output material is convenient, practicability and effectiveness and can realize the Processes and apparatus of organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment process; Comprise pre-treatment step, Anaerobic Digestion step and natural pond moneyization treatment step; Said organic garbage of city comprises heterogeneous body semi-fluid attitude class rubbish and homogeneous solid-liquid class rubbish; Said pre-treatment step is: heterogeneous body semi-fluid attitude class rubbish circulates earlier to pull an oar and handles, and the material after the circulation making beating is handled together carries out solid-liquid separation with homogeneous solid-liquid class rubbish again, and the gained slurries are used to carry out the Anaerobic Digestion step.
Further, said heterogeneous body semi-fluid attitude class rubbish is separable to go out a filtrating type rubbish, other part through after break process again with the making beating processing that circulates of said filtrating type rubbish.
Further, said circulation making beating treating processes is: solid-liquid separation is carried out in the discharging after pulling an oar, the liquid that after solid-liquid separation, the obtains processing of pulling an oar again, and reciprocation cycle is repeatedly.
Further, other part in the said heterogeneous body semi-fluid attitude class rubbish except that filtrating type rubbish through handling without making beating after the break process, is directly carried out solid-liquid separation, the outward transport of dewatering.
Further; Said Anaerobic Digestion step comprises inanimate matter separation, pocket type oil removing, homogeneous and anaerobic ferment process; In the said anaerobic ferment process anaerobic fermentation tank adopt advance down material and on go out the mode of biogas, natural pond liquid; And bottom in anaerobic fermentation tank and top are equipped with stirring technique respectively, and inside is furnished with water conservancy circulation heating treatment process.
Further, the liquid of said natural pond liquid gained after processed can reflux maybe can reflux with process water as making beating and get into homogenizing step and be used to regulate material characteristic.
A kind of organic waste associating anaerobic treatment process equipment; Comprise that end contains the pretreatment unit of solid-liquid separating machine; Also comprise Anaerobic Digestion device and natural pond moneyization treatment unit; Said pretreatment unit also comprises the making beating jar, is provided with waterpower circulation making beating reamer pump in the said making beating jar, and the making beating jar passes through waterpower circulation making beating reamer pump and is communicated with the input terminus of said solid-liquid separating machine; The first liquid output terminal of solid-liquid separating machine is communicated with the input terminus of making beating jar through pipeline, valve, pump; The second liquid output terminal of solid-liquid separating machine is connected with the Anaerobic Digestion device through pipeline, valve, pump.
Further; Said Anaerobic Digestion device comprises inanimate matter separator, pocket type waste-oil scavenger, homogeneous jar, spiral pump and anaerobic fermentation tank; Solid-liquid separating machine in the pretreatment unit is connected with said inanimate matter separator, pocket type waste-oil scavenger, homogeneous jar successively, is connected through spiral pump between said homogeneous jar and the anaerobic fermentation tank bottom.
Further, said anaerobically fermenting tank top is provided with and is used to abolish the incrustive overhead of materials inside, and the bottom is provided with and is used for the mixed uniformly bottom of material whisking appliance, the inner water conservancy circulation whisking appliance that is used to keep steady temperature that also is provided with.
Further, the end of said natural pond moneyization treatment unit is provided with the natural pond liquid pool, and said natural pond liquid pool is communicated with said making beating jar and homogeneous jar respectively through pump, pipeline and two valves.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the mechanical cycles beating process is adopted in pre-treatment, has successfully solved the input and output material difficulty that exists in the high solid digestion and material two hang-ups that homogenize; And will together carry out solid-liquid separation with homogeneous solid-liquid class rubbish again through the material after the circulation making beating is handled, the gained slurries are used to carry out the Anaerobic Digestion step, have realized the associating anaerobic treatment of organic garbage of city.
2, the design of inanimate matter separator efficiently solves the reactor plugs problem that the inanimate matter accumulation is caused in the material.
3, to the high characteristics of China's organic waste oleaginousness, adopt the pocket type waste-oil scavenger, guaranteed carrying out smoothly of anaerobic fermentation process.
4, the crust problem that " broken shell " technology can effectively solve anaerobic reactor is stirred at the top; Inner water conservancy hydronics is capable of using produces the biogas self-energy to keep temperature of reactor constant.
5, the anaerobically fermenting natural pond liquid of handling gained can reflux maybe can reflux with process water as making beating and carry out the homogeneous process step and be used to regulate material characteristic, makes resource to be effectively utilized.
6, in addition; To the unsettled characteristics of organic garbage of city supplied materials, the other charging route of also special design, even the supplied materials biodegradability is relatively poor; Then when material after fragmentation; Can handle without making beating, directly material sent into solid-liquid separating machine and dewater and send outside, solve organic garbage of city supplied materials problem of unstable.
Through accompanying drawing and embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed description below.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment process schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment process equipment of the present invention and process flow sheet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein only is used for explanation and explains the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Organic garbage of city comprises heterogeneous body semi-fluid attitude class rubbish (changing food waste, fruits and vegetables rubbish etc.) and homogeneous solid-liquid class rubbish (urban night soil, domestic sludge etc.); Organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment process of the present invention comprises pre-treatment step, Anaerobic Digestion step and natural pond moneyization treatment step, and is specifically as shown in Figure 1:
(1) pre-treatment step is:
Changing food waste at first gets into storage bin or emergency stack stock ground; Percolate diafiltration in storage bin or the emergency stack stock ground is to collecting tank; The percolate of collecting tank pumps into the making beating that circulates of making beating jar and handles; Remaining other high solid class rubbish gets into the making beating that circulates of making beating jar and handles in storage bin or the emergency stack stock ground after fragmentation; Material after making beating is handled gets into solid-liquid separating machine and carries out solid-liquid separation, and simultaneously, urban night soil, domestic sludge directly get into solid-liquid separating machine and carry out solid-liquid separation after simple process; Carry out landfill or compost treatment after making beating jar and the isolated oversize material of solid-liquid separating machine get into garbage collection box, the slurries that solid-liquid separating machine is separated (material after the pulp) are used for next step Anaerobic Digestion step.Circulation making beating link in the pre-treatment step makes material homogenize, and is convenient to the further processing of subsequent technique, has solved this difficult problem of input and output material difficulty simultaneously.
(2) Anaerobic Digestion step:
The slurries of separating through solid-liquid separating machine get into the pocket type waste-oil scavenger through the inanimate matter separator; Skimming plant in the pocket type waste-oil scavenger is removed the top layer grease again, and the material after the oil removing gets into the homogeneous jar again and carries out Anaerobic Digestion through squeezing into anaerobic fermentation tank by spiral pump after stirring.Wherein, The input and output material of anaerobic fermentation tank adopts the mode of " going out on advancing down "; And be equipped with overhead and be used for " broken shell " (broken shell refers to broken long-play process; The scleroma layer that one deck that anaerobically fermenting pot liquid upper surface forms is made up of the stearates material), is equipped with the bottom whisking appliance and is used for the material uniform mixing, be equipped with water conservancy circulation whisking appliance and be used to keep steady temperature.The fermentor tank residence time is designed to 20 days, charging solid content scope 8%-12%, and volume yield rate can reach 2.0.
(3) natural pond moneyization treatment step:
After Anaerobic Digestion, discharge biogas, cripple, natural pond liquid; The biogas that produces get into methane boiler through air storage bag, gas-cleaning installation; The heat of giving birth to is used for the anaerobic fermentation tank heating and heating is heated up water; But also sending and receiving electricity equipment utilization marsh gas power generation, the unnecessary gas that air storage bag is discharged is lighted emptying by torch on duty; The cripple of producing, natural pond liquid get into mud storage pool; And then handle through dewatering unit; Solid part outward transport compost or landfill disposal; Liquid portion gets into the natural pond liquid pool, and the natural pond liquid of natural pond liquid pool can be back to the making beating jar and be used to regulate material characteristic as pulling an oar with process water or being back to the homogeneous jar, the unnecessary car taken out outward transport.
Combine 2 pairs of organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment process of the present invention of accompanying drawing and equipment to be elaborated below again:
Changing food waste in the organic garbage of city at first is discharged into storage bin 101 and carries out preliminary solid-liquid separation, and storage bin 101 has collecting tank 102, and the material redundant moisture is gone into collecting tank 102 through this seepage flow, directly sends into making beating jar 104 by 1# submersible sewage pump 103.Solid materials is being delivered to homocline crusher 106 via drag conveyer 105, abolishes plastics bag and material is crushed to below the particle diameter 150mm.Broken good material is sent into rotational shear formula crusher 108 via 1# scraper conveyor 107 and is crushed to below the particle diameter 50mm, is sent to 2# scraper conveyor 110 via the reversible conveyor 109 of 1# then, and by it material is sent in the making beating jars 104 and to be pulled an oar.Making beating jar 104 interior nucleus equipments are waterpower circulation making beating reamer pump 111; Its main broken function cooperates completion by turbine cutter in the pump with the turbine disk; Sword all is with on every impeller limit on the turbine cutter; Along with the high speed rotating of turbine, the material that sucks pumping hole will together be cut repeatedly by the impeller limit and the turbine disk, thereby pulverized.Material after the pulverizing can be sprayed by pump middle part stirring port, or the operation switching valve, makes it to pump from outlet
During making beating; At first need add a certain amount of process water in the making beating jars 104, can works better until making beating jar 104 interior two waterpower circulation making beating reamer pumps 111,111 making beating simultaneously of two waterpower circulation making beating reamer pumps; Adopt the mode of circulation making beating, beating time 60 minutes.Circulation making beating detailed process is following:
Its material working cycle is: making beating jar 104 → solid-liquid separating machine, 112 → collecting tank, 102 → 1# submersible sewage pump, 103 → making beating jar 104.Its valve and equipment operational procedure are: and valve 113 leaves → valve 114 leaves → valve 115 closes → and solid-liquid separating machine 112 startup → waterpower circulation making beating reamer pump 111 operation → waterpower circulation making beating reamer pump 111 dischargings → 1# submersible sewage pump 103 moves.
Material is after making beating jar 104 making beating; To solid-liquid separating machine 112, material is through solid-liquid separation by 111 dischargings of waterpower circulation making beating reamer pump, and solid residue is transported outward; Liquid gets into collecting tank 102 and returns making beating jar 104 again by 1# submersible sewage pump 103, so far accomplishes a circulation.General beating time 10 minutes, discharging RCT 5 minutes can be accomplished pulp after four circulations basically.
After making beating finishes, by 111 dischargings of waterpower circulation making beating reamer pump.The discharging process is following:
Material discharging process is: making beating jar 104 → solid-liquid separating machine, 112 → slag stock pump, 116 → inanimate matter separator, 201 → pocket type waste-oil scavenger 202; Its valve and equipment operational procedure are: and valve 115 leaves → and valve 114 pass → valves 203 leave → solid-liquid separating machine 112 startup → waterpower circulation reamer pumps 111 dischargings → slag stock pump 116.
After material is accomplished making beating, all carry out the solid-liquid separation (not shown), isolate greater than 4mm material extrusion dehydration and transport outward through solid-liquid separating machine 112 with urban night soil, domestic sludge in the organic garbage of city; Material less than 4mm is delivered to pocket type waste-oil scavenger 202 by slag stock pump 116 through inanimate matter separator 201.
Material gets into homogeneous jar 204 through after 202 oil removings of pocket type waste-oil scavenger, and charging front opening grid agitator stirred 10~15 minutes, controls to feed intake load or add reagent, and the pH value of keeping charging is at 6.8-7.5.Open anaerobic fermentation tank 208 overhead and bottom whisking appliance, open homogeneous jar 204 feed valves 205 and spiral pump feed valve 206, open feed worm pump 207 then to anaerobic fermentation tank 208 chargings.
In the selection of anaerobic fermentation tank 208 tank bodies, abandoned traditional Steel Concrete fermentor tank and welding cylinder of steel, selected the assembly unit jar, the assembly unit jar is compared traditional Steel Concrete fermentor tank and welding cylinder of steel, does not receive seasonal effect on the construction environment.The tank body material that the enamel assembling technique adopts new and high technology to process; On-site consolidation mode final molding with rapid low consumption; The anaerobic reactor equipment of forming complete set, make the agent set of biogas engineering equipment reach advanced technology, preparation rationally, excellent property, rotproofness is good, maintenance is convenient, specious effect.The tank body material adopts the enamel layer prefabricated steel of high anticorrosion grade with the assembly unit of bolt mode, and the bolt place adds special sealing material leakproof, and the resist that this kind prefabricated steel forms can not only stop the tank body corrosion, and has the function of antiacid alkali.
Anaerobic fermentation tank 208 input and output materials adopt " going out on advancing down " mode; Material in the anaerobic fermentation tank 208 after the fermentation flows out entering cripple pond 301 from the riser on top; (open valve 302) sent into water extracter 304 dehydrations through 2# submersible sewage pump 303; Liquid (open valve 305) gets into natural pond liquid pool 306, the outward transport of natural pond slag.The material of natural pond liquid pool 306 has three whereabouts: 1, send into making beating jar 104 as process water (open valve 308), shut-off valve 309 through 3# submersible sewage pump 307); 2, squeeze into homogeneous jar 204 through 3# submersible sewage pump 307 and regulate material characteristic (open valve 309, shut-off valve 308); 3, unnecessary waste liquid is taken away with taking out the direct outward transport of car.
In anaerobic fermentation tank 208 operational processs, when from viewing window, observing fermentation liquid level crust, open overhead and abolish scum silica frost; When winter temperature is low; Open water conservancy circulation whisking appliance and heating rod and heat, keep constant anaeration in normal temperature environment, guarantee equipment steady running to tank body.Look the material situation, open valve 310 carries out spoil disposal behind the operation some cycles, and cripple gets into cripple pond 301.
Behind the biogas process desulfurization dewatering device that anaerobic digestion process produced, get into air storage bag 311.Air storage bag 311 is provided with positive negative pressure protector, and maximum positive voltage is 1Kpa.Institute's storing gas feeds methane boiler 312, and the generation heat can be used for the heating of anaerobism equipment and heating is heated up water, and unnecessary gas is lighted emptying by torch 313 on duty.
In addition; To the unsettled characteristics of municipal wastes supplied materials; The other charging route of also special design, even the supplied materials biodegradability is relatively poor, then after material is via 108 fragmentations of rotational shear formula crusher; Be sent to the reversible conveyor 117 of 2# by the reversible conveyor 109 of 1#, and directly material sent into solid-liquid separating machine 112 by it and dewater and send outside.
The present invention has filled up domestic high solid wet type organic garbage of city combined anaerobic digestion and has handled complete this blank of technical matters through engineering approaches;, solve organic garbage of city through pre-treatment machinery beating process and homogenize and the input and output material difficult problem as process object with organic garbage of city; Carry out solid-liquid separation with homogeneous solid-liquid class rubbish such as municipal sludge and urban night soils again through heterogeneous body semi-fluid attitude class rubbish such as changing food waste are handled through making beating, solved parallel feeding associating digestive problems; Improved the reactor efficiency and the localization rate of parts and components through technological transformation, reached the purpose of associating digestion anaerobic digestor.
In sum, organic garbage of city associating anaerobic treatment process provided by the present invention and apparatus in comparison conventional art have remarkable advantages aspect high solid wet type combination treatment and the recycling.
What should explain at last is: the above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; For a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that previous embodiment is put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.